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2004

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Forensic And Biological Applications Of Vibrational Spectroscopy, Edita Botonjic Jan 2004

Forensic And Biological Applications Of Vibrational Spectroscopy, Edita Botonjic

Open Access Dissertations

Determination of the age of a bloodstain can be used to establish the time when a crime was committed. As blood ages, deoxyhemoglobin (HbO 2) is converted into methemoglobin (MetHb), which is evident by the color change from red to brown. Fluctuations in temperature will cause blood to age at a non-constant rate. It has been shown that higher temperatures cause deoxyhemoglobin to oxidize more rapidly to methemoglobin. Human blood from vein and capillary vessels was used in this investigation. The samples were prepared by placing blood on various substrates such as gauze and watch glasses. Mid-IR and near-IR spectra …

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Survivorship Of A Low-Grade Glioma Brain Tumor, Cynthia A. Bautista Jan 2004

Survivorship Of A Low-Grade Glioma Brain Tumor, Cynthia A. Bautista

Open Access Dissertations

Due to dramatic improvements in diagnosis, treatment options, and improved survival rates, the experience of cancer is changing. Little is known, however, about which factors facilitate positive adaptation for individuals who survive cancer. Research in the area of brain tumor survivorship is limited and provides minimal understanding of the survivor's experience. The purpose of this study was to describe the survivorship experience of adults who were one to four years posttreatment for a low-grade glioma brain tumor and to explore how family, friends, employers, and health care providers had been helpful in the transition back to life after treatment. Eight …

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Potential Use Of Nitrogen-15 To Assess Nitrogen Sources And Fate In Narragansett Bay, Joaquin E. Chaves Jan 2004

Potential Use Of Nitrogen-15 To Assess Nitrogen Sources And Fate In Narragansett Bay, Joaquin E. Chaves

Open Access Dissertations

Anthropogenic N inputs have been identified as the main source of N to Narragansett Bay, a relatively well-mixed estuary in the northeast coast of the United States. Despite a well constrained N budget high levels of primary production during the summer months, mostly in the form of sporadic "blooms", cannot be explained in terms of current budget estimates. Inputs from the adjacent Rhode Island Sound have been invoked as a potential source of N to account for the Bay's summer production. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) from the Rhode Island Sound and the anthropogenic N entering the estuary through the …

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Individual, Organizational, And Contextual Determinants Of Realized Strategy In Not-For-Profit Organizations, Henry T. Ulrich Jan 2004

Individual, Organizational, And Contextual Determinants Of Realized Strategy In Not-For-Profit Organizations, Henry T. Ulrich

Open Access Dissertations

This study addresses organizational direction form the perspective of organizational strategy. It explores the factors that influence realized strategy and especially the degree to which realized strategy is deliberate or emergent. A model is offered that proposes both direct and indirect factors as determinants of realized strategy. Specific direct and indirect factors are hypothesized and the relationships are statistically examined. The sample is composed of twenty nonprofit organizations with a primary base of operations in southern New England. Data was collected for multiple respondents within each organization representing the various levels of management. Most participating organizations were mid-sized, social service …

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Sociocultural Contexts Of Asian American/Pacific Islander Women's Hiv Risk Enhancing/Reducing Responses, Jennifer C. Huang Jan 2004

Sociocultural Contexts Of Asian American/Pacific Islander Women's Hiv Risk Enhancing/Reducing Responses, Jennifer C. Huang

Open Access Dissertations

HIV prevention issues for Asian American and Pacific Islander (API) women are complex and multifaceted. Comprehending the risk enhancing/reducing responses of API women in heterosexual relationships requires an examination of various sociocultural influences, such as gender roles, cultural expectations, community, economic conditions, acculturation and public policies that shape API women's decision-making and HIV risk enhancing/reducing responses. In order to address these issues, a mixed method study (i.e., qualitative and quantitative) was conducted to elucidate these sociocultural factors. Additionally, this study sought to investigate the various ecological levels that are associated with API women's sexual risk enhancing and reducing behaviors. Participants …

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Determination Of Chlorophyll A Concentrations And Phytoplankton Primary Production In New England Estuarine Waters Using Ocean Color Remote Sensing From Low-Flying Aircraft, Darryl Joel Keith Jan 2004

Determination Of Chlorophyll A Concentrations And Phytoplankton Primary Production In New England Estuarine Waters Using Ocean Color Remote Sensing From Low-Flying Aircraft, Darryl Joel Keith

Open Access Dissertations

The response of coastal systems to the addition of nutrients (especially nitrogen) is generally to stimulate phytoplankton biomass, measured using the concentration of chlorophyll a as a surrogate. However, the concentration and distribution of chlorophyll in the aquatic environment is variable in space and time. Historically, random to systematic design strategies have collected samples from specific locations in space (i.e. a point measurement). These strategies also are limited in sampling intra-annual, seasonal, and episodic events. Therefore, in order to sample on all time scales of interest over large geographic areas, a large number of point measurements and resources are required. …

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Preparation Of Optically Pure Anti-Diolepoxides Of 2-Fluorobenzo[A]-Pyrene And Their Dna Adducts, Tianle Yang Jan 2004

Preparation Of Optically Pure Anti-Diolepoxides Of 2-Fluorobenzo[A]-Pyrene And Their Dna Adducts, Tianle Yang

Open Access Dissertations

Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) is a prototypical PAH and undergoes metabolic activation in vivo to highly mutagenic/carcinogenic diol epoxide derivatives (BPDE) that bind to DNA, ultimately initiating sequence-specific mutations. Structural studies indicate that BPDE-modified DNA exist in three major conformations: base-displacement, minor-groove, and classical intercalation. The relative conformeric ratios of these structures are known to vary depending on the modified base and the base sequences surrounding the lesion site. Our long-term research goal is to investigate the sequence dependent conformational heterogeneity of BP-DNA adducts with 19F NMR technique, which then requires preparation of (+)-and (−)-anti-2-fluorobenzo[a]pyrene diol epoxides (2-FBPDE) as 19F NMR probes. …

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The Syntheses Of Novel Indicators And Materials For Chiral Separation, Rolanda Johnson Jan 2004

The Syntheses Of Novel Indicators And Materials For Chiral Separation, Rolanda Johnson

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The colorimetric properties of resorcinarene solutions had not been fully investigated since von Baeyer's initial synthesis. We find that the solutions containing resorcinarene macrocycles develop color upon heating or standing. In the presence of saccharides, these solutions exhibit significant color changes which are readily observable by visual inspection. We determined that the solution color is due to macrocycle ring opening and oxidation. The optical responses to saccharides are due to complexation of the sugar with the acyclic chromophores. We have applied these mechanistic insights towards the challenging problems of the visual detection of saccharides and other important biologically analytes. In …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Superparamagnetic Silica--Homopolypeptide Composite Particles, Sibel Turksen Jan 2004

Synthesis And Characterization Of Superparamagnetic Silica--Homopolypeptide Composite Particles, Sibel Turksen

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Hierarchical construction and characterization of core-shell composite particles of interest are presented. The research described shows interest in new types of polymers that provide chirality and responsiveness which have been ignored for so long. The general synthetic design described in this document can be readily used as a model for other systems. Core-shell composite systems of interest consist of silica or silica-coated cobalt cores grafted with a homopolypeptide shell, mostly poly(epsilon-carbobenzyloxy-L-lysine) or poly(gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate). Core particles were decorated with amino groups through a silylation reaction. The amino groups initiated the polymerization (with attachment) of N-carboxyanhydride (NCA) monomers, resulting in a homopolypeptide …

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Exploring The Feasibility Of Removal Of Hydrogen Sulfide From Gaseous Streams By Anaerobic Photosynthetic Bacteria, Pushkaraj Sardesai Jan 2004

Exploring The Feasibility Of Removal Of Hydrogen Sulfide From Gaseous Streams By Anaerobic Photosynthetic Bacteria, Pushkaraj Sardesai

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Analysis And Prediction Of West Nile Virus Distribution In North America Using General Unary Hypothesis Automation, Bharath Panyadahundi Jan 2004

Analysis And Prediction Of West Nile Virus Distribution In North America Using General Unary Hypothesis Automation, Bharath Panyadahundi

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Remote Sensing And Predictive Modeling Of Saltcedar (Tamarix) In The Northern Great Plains, David A. Brookman Jan 2004

Remote Sensing And Predictive Modeling Of Saltcedar (Tamarix) In The Northern Great Plains, David A. Brookman

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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The Assault On Pharmaceutical Intellectual Property, Bruce N. Kuhlik Jan 2004

The Assault On Pharmaceutical Intellectual Property, Bruce N. Kuhlik

University of Chicago Law Review

Pharmaceutical research and development is a lengthy, risky, and expensive enterprise. The industry depends uniquely on patent and trade secret protections to support its investments in innovative activities. However, recent legislative and regulatory developments threaten the value of pharmaceutical intellectual property in two distinct respects. First, patent and related protections are being restricted, and effective enforcement of these rights is being made increasingly difficult. Second, price controls and similar initiatives are interfering with market-based returns during the limited period in which patent rights are in force. This Essay describes the importance of intellectual property rights to the pharmaceutical industry, reviews …

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Tca Microsatellite Repeats In The 5’Utr Of The Sat5 Gene Of Wild And Cultivated Accessions Of Pisum And Of Four Closely Related Genera, Joel P. Stafstrom, Paul Ingram Jan 2004

Tca Microsatellite Repeats In The 5’Utr Of The Sat5 Gene Of Wild And Cultivated Accessions Of Pisum And Of Four Closely Related Genera, Joel P. Stafstrom, Paul Ingram

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

PsSat5, a cDNA clone from Pisum sativum cv. Alaska, contained a microsatellite consisting of 15 TCA repeats within the 59UTR. This SSR microsatellite was immediately upstream of the presumptive ATG start codon. PCR amplification of genomic DNA from cv. Alaska yielded an identical sequence. This repeat region was analyzed from 10 additional wild and cultivated accessions of Pisum and from four closely related genera (Cicer, Lathyrus, Lens, and Vicia). All of the sequences were generally quite similar, with the exception of the number of TCA repeats (region 3) and a short domain immediately upstream of the repeats (region 2). Pisum …

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The Moral Authority Of Symbolic Appeals In Biomedical Ethics, Sharon Sytsma Jan 2004

The Moral Authority Of Symbolic Appeals In Biomedical Ethics, Sharon Sytsma

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Dirty Bombs: The Threat Revisited, Peter D. Zimmerman, Cheryl Loeb Jan 2004

Dirty Bombs: The Threat Revisited, Peter D. Zimmerman, Cheryl Loeb

Defense Horizons

Nuclear radiation, invisible and detectable only with special instruments, has the power to terrify—in part because of its association with nuclear weapons—and to become an instrument of terrorists. Radioactive isotopes can be spread widely with or without high explosives by a radiological dispersion device (RDD) or so-called dirty bomb. This paper provides a general overview of the nature of RDDs and sources of material for them and estimates the effects of an assault, including casualties and economic consequences. Many experts believe that an RDD is an economic weapon capable of inflicting devastating damage on the United States. This paper is …

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Exploring A Cognitive Basis For Learning Spatial Relationships With Augmented Reality, Brett E. Shelton, Nicholas R. Hedley Jan 2004

Exploring A Cognitive Basis For Learning Spatial Relationships With Augmented Reality, Brett E. Shelton, Nicholas R. Hedley

Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications

Augmented reality (AR) is an emergent class of interface that presents compelling possibilities for advancing spatial visualization. We offer a brief overview of AR technology and current research with in the educational realm. AR interfaces appear to provide a unique combination of visual display properties, modes of user manipulation, and interaction with spatial information. Drawing upon aspects of proprioception and sensorimotor function, we discuss how AR may have a unique and powerful link to spatial knowledge acquisition through visuo-motor involvement in the processing of information. We identify key properties of AR interfaces and how they differ from conventional visualization interfaces, …

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Financing Environmental Change: A New Role For Canadian Environmental Law, Benjamin J. Richardson Jan 2004

Financing Environmental Change: A New Role For Canadian Environmental Law, Benjamin J. Richardson

Articles & Book Chapters

Financial institutions occupy a central role in equity and debt markets, providing the finance that shapes economic development and thus environmental pressures. Environmental regulation has traditionally focused on development itself but not those that financially sponsor developers. To achieve an environmentally sustainable economy in Canada, new regulations and policies to promote environmentally friendly financing in the financial services sector are necessary. This article explains why financing environmental change is crucial, surveys the main private financial institutions in Canada relevant to this task, and makes recommendations on how financial regulation and its broader institutional context can be reformed to support sustainable …

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Is East Asia Industrializing Too Quickly? Environmental Regulation In Its Special Economic Zones , Benjamin J. Richardson Jan 2004

Is East Asia Industrializing Too Quickly? Environmental Regulation In Its Special Economic Zones , Benjamin J. Richardson

Articles & Book Chapters

East Asia is undergoing its own Industrial Revolution. Special economic zones (SEZs) are playing a key role in its economic transformation. However, industrialization has brought great environmental concern. Over recent decades, China, the Philippines, South Korea, and other newly industrializing economies in East Asia have designated special areas for foreign investment and export production to which have been conceded favourable investment and trade conditions, and often exemption from certain kinds of regulation. "Race to the bottom" and related theories of the effects of inter-jurisdictional competition for investment predict that environmental regulation would be compromised in SEZs. Contrary to such hypotheses, …

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Globalization And The Law: Deciphering The Message Of Transnational Human Rights Litigation, Peer Zumbansen Jan 2004

Globalization And The Law: Deciphering The Message Of Transnational Human Rights Litigation, Peer Zumbansen

Articles & Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

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The "Terminator" Patent And Its Discontents: Rethinking The Normative Deficit In Utility Test Of Modern Patent Law, Ikechi Mgbeoji Jan 2004

The "Terminator" Patent And Its Discontents: Rethinking The Normative Deficit In Utility Test Of Modern Patent Law, Ikechi Mgbeoji

Articles & Book Chapters

Arguably, no other biotechnological invention has been excoriated with so much confused rhetoric on “utility” as the invention relating to Genetic Use Restriction Technologies (“GURTs”) patented in the United States, Canada, Australia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark and many other countries. Otherwise known by their rather inflammatory nickname of both “terminator patents,” GURTs have become the lightning rod for both technophiles and Luddites. At the heart of the controversy is a misunderstanding of the changed meaning of the concept of utility in patent law. This paper argues that while the public understanding of utility as social usefulness is well grounded in history …

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Numerical Solution Of Fractional Advection-Dispersion Equation, Zhi Qiang Deng, Vijay P. Singh, Lars Bengtsson Jan 2004

Numerical Solution Of Fractional Advection-Dispersion Equation, Zhi Qiang Deng, Vijay P. Singh, Lars Bengtsson

Faculty Publications

Numerical schemes and stability criteria are developed for solution of the one-dimensional fractional advection-dispersion equation (FRADE) derived by revising Fick's first law. Employing 74 sets of dye test data measured on natural streams, it is found that the fractional order F of the partial differential operator acting on the dispersion term varies around the most frequently occurring value of F=1.65 in the range of 1.4 to 2.0. Two series expansions are proposed for approximation of the limit definitions of fractional derivatives. On this ground, two three-term finite-difference schemes - "1.3 Backward Scheme"having the first-order accuracy and "F.3 Central Scheme"possessing the …

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Simulations Of The Influence Of The West Caribbean Sea Circulation And Eddies On The Meso-American Barrier Reef System, Tal Ezer, Deeptha V. Thattai, Björn Kjerve Jan 2004

Simulations Of The Influence Of The West Caribbean Sea Circulation And Eddies On The Meso-American Barrier Reef System, Tal Ezer, Deeptha V. Thattai, Björn Kjerve

CCPO Publications

The Meso-American Barrier Reef System (MBRS) along the coasts of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras is an ecologically and biologically sensitive region. It provides for example, major spawning aggregation sites for various species of fish; these activities may be influenced by variations of the flow near the reef and the transports between the MBRS and the Caribbean Sea circulation. Caribbean eddies, which may play an important role in flow variability, have been studied in the past by observations and models (Carton and Chao, 1999; Murphy et al., 1999; Andrade and Barton, 2000; Oey et al., 2003), but knowledge of their …

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A Modelling Study Of The Influence Of Environment And Food Supply On Survival Of Crassostrea Gigas Larvae, Eileen E. Hofmann, Eric N. Powell, Eleanor A. Bochenek, John M. Klinck Jan 2004

A Modelling Study Of The Influence Of Environment And Food Supply On Survival Of Crassostrea Gigas Larvae, Eileen E. Hofmann, Eric N. Powell, Eleanor A. Bochenek, John M. Klinck

CCPO Publications

A biochemically based model was developed to simulate the growth, development, and metamorphosis of larvae of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). The unique characteristics of the model are that it: (1) defines larvae in terms of their protein, neutral lipid, polar lipid, carbohydrate, and ash content; (2) tracks weight separately from length to follow larval condition; and (3) includes genetic variation in growth efficiency and egg quality to better simulate cohort population dynamics. The model includes parameterizations for filtration, ingestion, and respiration, which determine larval growth rate, and processes controlling larval mortality and metamorphosis. Changes in larval tissue …

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Lagrangian Modelling Studies Of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia Superba) Swarm Formation, Eileen E. Hofmann, A. G. Edward Haskell, John M. Klinck, Cathy M. Lascara Jan 2004

Lagrangian Modelling Studies Of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia Superba) Swarm Formation, Eileen E. Hofmann, A. G. Edward Haskell, John M. Klinck, Cathy M. Lascara

CCPO Publications

A two-dimensional Lagrangian particle model was developed to examine the spatial distribution of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). The time-dependent location of particles, which represent krill individuals, is determined by random diffusion, foraging activity, and movement induced by the presence of neighbours. Foraging activity is based on prescribed food conditions and is such that krill swim slower and turn more frequently in areas of high food concentration. The presence or absence of neighbours either disperses krill, if the local concentrations become too dense, or coalesces krill, if concentrations become too dilute, respectively. Predation on krill is included and affects …

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Satellite Evidence Of Hurricane-Induced Phytoplankton Blooms In An Oceanic Desert, S. M. Babin, J. A. Carton, T. D. Dickey, J. D. Wiggert Jan 2004

Satellite Evidence Of Hurricane-Induced Phytoplankton Blooms In An Oceanic Desert, S. M. Babin, J. A. Carton, T. D. Dickey, J. D. Wiggert

CCPO Publications

The physical effects of hurricanes include deepening of the mixed layer and decreasing of the sea surface temperature in response to entrainment, curl-induced upwelling, and increased upper ocean cooling. However, the biological effects of hurricanes remain relatively unexplored. In this paper, we examine the passages of 13 hurricanes through the Sargasso Sea region of the North Atlantic during the years 1998 through 2001. Remotely sensed ocean color shows increased concentrations of surface chlorophyll within the cool wakes of the hurricanes, apparently in response to the injection of nutrients and/or biogenic pigments into the oligotrophic surface waters. This increase in post-storm …

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Gender Assignment To English Words In The Spanish Of Southern Arizona, Elise M. Dubord Jan 2004

Gender Assignment To English Words In The Spanish Of Southern Arizona, Elise M. Dubord

Faculty Work

This paper examines the gender assignment of English words in the Spanish of Southern Arizona based on the categories of biological sex, phonological gender, and analogical gender. It is determined that biological sex is the greatest indicator of gender assignment, followed by phonological gender and lastly by analogical gender. There was a small (7.9%) proportion of variation in gender assignment to English words in the corpus that is attributed to a combination of words that are neither phonologically nor socially integrated into the Spanish lexicon and the linguistic insecurity of the participants.

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Apes, Darwinian Continuity, And The Law, Roger S. Fouts Jan 2004

Apes, Darwinian Continuity, And The Law, Roger S. Fouts

Animal Law Review

This article proposes that the delusional worldview that “man” is outside and above the other “defective” organic beings in nature is completely without empirical scientific foundation. An alternative and harmonious way of being is presented that is derived from the acceptance of the biological reality of continuity.

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Redefining The Family: Undermining The Family, John Dewitt Gregory Jan 2004

Redefining The Family: Undermining The Family, John Dewitt Gregory

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

This essay examines the way in which legal academic commentators, particularly family law teachers and scholars, have urged that family be redefined, rejecting the conventional and traditional definitions to which courts and legislatures have generally adhered. Self-styled progressive scholars argue that currently prevailing doctrine arbitrarily excludes many deserving suitors from the recognition and protection afforded to families under state and constitutional law. The arguments in this essay reject such assertions, pointing out that new and expansive definitions of family either ignore or refuse to accept long standing precedents, including decisions of the United States Supreme Court, that for some three-quarters …

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Anthrax Hoaxes, Ira P. Robbins Jan 2004

Anthrax Hoaxes, Ira P. Robbins

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

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