Digital Commons Network^™

The Donor Class: Campaign Finance, Democracy, And Participation, Spencer A. Overton

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This Article uses the U.S. Supreme Court's recent opinion in McConnell v. FEC to argue that the law should play a central role in reducing the impact of disparities in wealth on political participation. In upholding large parts of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act, the Court in McConnell acknowledged the adverse impact of concentrated wealth on widespread democratic participation and self-government. Even in the aftermath of the reforms upheld in McConnell, however, a small, wealthy and homogenous donor class continues to make relatively large contributions that fund the bulk of American politics. Less than one percent of the U.S. population …

Environmental Regulation, Energy, And Market Entry, Richard J. Pierce Jr

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

As my contribution to a symposium, I was asked to identify and to discuss conflicts between environmental regulation and pursuit of the goals of national energy policy. I identify three contexts in which I see clear conflicts between environmental regulation and energy policy - gasoline production, importation of liquefied natural gas, and transmission of electricity. In each case, I conclude that the conflict is attributable to state and local regulations. In the case of the gasoline market, I conclude that the market is beginning to perform poorly because of a combination of state land use regulations that make it impossible …

The Tyranny Of Time: Vulnerable Children, Bad Mothers, And Statutory Deadlines In Parental Termination Proceedings, Catherine J. Ross

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This paper explores issues raised by the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 (ASFA) and contends that the Act may have unwittingly harmed some children and mothers by creating a categorical imperative that a child's health and safety must be a paramount consideration in child welfare decisions. After discussing the reforms made by the Act, this paper analyzes hard cases, in particular cases involving substance abusing mothers and battered mothers, and concludes that in some instances children's interests in these cases might be better served by a flexible standard where the child asserts a claim to a continued relationship …

Political Questions And Political Remedies, Jonathan R. Siegel

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Defenders of the political question doctrine sometimes observe that the lack of a judicial remedy for a constitutional violation does not deprive injured parties of all remedy, because injured parties can pursue a political or an electoral remedy - they can seek relief at the ballot box or in the political process. This essay criticizes that argument. Political and electoral remedies for constitutional violations are ineffective for important practical and theoretical reasons that grow out of the different structures of the judicial, political, and electoral processes. The judicial process focuses each case on a particular issue; candidates in elections always …

The Digital Person: Technology And Privacy In The Information Age (Introduction), Daniel J. Solove

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

THE DIGITAL PERSON: TECHNOLOGY AND PRIVACY IN THE INFORMATION AGE (ISBN: 0814798462) (NYU Press 2004) explores the social, political, and legal implications of the collection and use of personal information in computer databases. In the Information Age, our lives are documented in digital dossiers maintained by hundreds (perhaps thousands) of businesses and government agencies. These dossiers are composed of bits of our personal information, which when assembled together begin to paint a portrait of our personalities. The dossiers are increasingly used to make decisions about our lives - whether we get a loan, a mortgage, a license, or a job; …

Early Literacy And Making Sense In An Inclusive Preschool Classroom, Patresa A. Hartman

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this ethnographic study was to build understanding regarding the meaning and role of early literacy as a meaningful interaction in one inclusive preschool classroom. I was specifically interested in the idea of literacy as a social construction - as an interaction with one's environment for the purpose of making sense of it. Furthermore, I investigated the way this construction facilitated or denied one child's citizenship in the classroom community, which is located within an early childhood center in a mid-sized, Midwestern city. My topic, examining early literacy as a sense-making interaction, lent itself quite naturally to qualitative …

The Relationship Between Giftedness And Resiliency Among Head Start Children, Angela R. Fry

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between characteristics of giftedness and resiliency in preschool children from low socioeconomic backgrounds. The literature suggests that giftedness and resiliency may be related. For example, there appears to be considerable similarity between the traits identified as characteristics of giftedness and those traits identified as characteristic of resiliency. However, only limited research has been conducted directly examining similarity between of giftedness and resiliency. In the current study, 54 children attending Head Start programs were rated by their teachers on a measure of resiliency, the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment (DECA), and a …

Manifestation Determinations: How Do Iowa's Aea Adopted Procedures Compare To Federal And State Requirements And Expert Guidelines?, Keely J. Beam

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Due to the qualitative nature of manifestation determinations there is variation is how manifestation determinations are applied across situations and settings. In addition, IEP teams remain uncertain and uniformed regarding conducting manifestation determinations. This study investigate how Iowa's Area Education Agencies (AEAs) adopted procedures compare with federal and state requirements and expert guidelines. The reliability of manifestation determinations may be improved when AEA's adopt procedures are consistent with federal and state requirements, and expert guidelines. Tue information gleaned from this document review may also be of value to AEA's in establishing their own procedures for manifestation determinations. The study utilizes …

The Relationship Between Social Skills And Resiliency Among Preschool Children, Kathleen M. Twohig

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social skills and resiliency among preschool children. Numerous research studies have suggested that social skills and resiliency are related. However, the precise relationship between these two constructs remains unclear. Specifically, is it possible for a child to possess good social skills but not be resilient? Is it possible for a child to be resilient but not have good social skills? In the present study, preschool teachers from a private day care center rated children in their classes (n = 68) using behavior rating scales purported to measure social skills …

A Survey Of Theories Of Change Within Philanthropy, Angela Jean Morris

Masters Theses

This paper reviews the term “theory of change” including its common usage in evaluative literature and its emerging usage in the field of philanthropy. A survey of U.S. foundations looked at their familiarity with theory of change: how they defined it, and how many theories they implemented based on a typology created by Frumkin (2002).

There was confusion about theory of change among top U.S. foundations. Only 54% indicated they were familiar with theory of change. Foundations familiar with the term had no clear consensus on the definition.

Eighty-six percent used at least one out of the five theories of …

Golf Course Pollution Prevention Guide, Iowa Waste Reduction Center

Iowa Waste Reduction Center Book Gallery

According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), pollution prevention can be defined as: “The use of materials, processes, or practices that reduces or eliminates the creation of pollutants or wastes at the source.” Pollution prevention represents a shift away from the old school of thought, “pollution control,” in which waste was not dealt with until after it was generated. Through pollution prevention, we look at the processes that generate the waste to see if we can avoid creating a waste in the first place, or at least reduce the hazardous nature of the waste. When this is not possible, the …

Competition And Success In Secondary School Drama Programs: A Comparative Study, Lisa Lenstra-Norman

Graduate Research Papers

Among the participants in secondary school drama programs, indirect competition, with its emphasis on mastery and personal achievement, may promote the development of successful behaviors such as having the ability to perform tasks skillfully, revealing a commitment to setting and reaching high expectations, showing responsibility, possessing self-esteem and caring for others. Therefore the purpose of this study is to determine an answer to the following question: does indirect competition enhance the success of participants in a secondary school drama program? Because one of the two schools studied does not take part in large group or individual speech contests, this study …

Hiv/Aids Related Stigma In Sub-Saharan Africa: Context And Consequences, Chinyelu B. Okafor, Barbara Holder

International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities

While HIV infection has been a worldwide epidemic, minority and poor rural groups the world over have been disproportionately affected by the disease. People of color have been most affected, particularly in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa and the United States. HIV/AIDS is a highly stigmatized disease, and the stigma attached to the disease has fed into, and in many ways strengthened, pre-existing stigma and prejudice against certain groups in the society. This paper gives an analysis of factors that create and sustain such stigma in rural communities, with particular reference to Nigeria, which is Africa's most populous country. The …

Health For All: Project Export Addresses An Elusive Goal With An Expanded Journal, Michele Yehieli

International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities

During the past century, tremendous advances were made in reducing illness around the world. Many of these dramatic improvements in health status and life expectancy were the result of public health interventions such as clean water, better living conditions, prenatal care and immunizations. Nonetheless, with globalization and industrialization now increasing, significant health disparities still exist, both between nations and within them. Indeed, some 25 years after the historic Alma Ata primary care conference where the World Health Organization and leading non-governmental organizations called for "Health for All by the Year 2000," global health equity has yet to be achieved (PAHO, …

Monitoring Heavy And Trace Metals In Selected Children's Food, Gharib Mahmoud Taha, Abd El-Salam, Abd El-Ghanyarifien, Safaa El-Nahas Abas

International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities

High or low levels of essential and trace elements in foods typically eaten by child re n (potato chips, "karate" [a crispy puffed corn paste], biscuits and cakes) may cause significant health problems. In this study, the amounts of 13 elements (Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb and Zn) were estimated in samples collected from supermarkets in Aswan City, Upper Egypt. Food samples included, 28 kinds of potato chips, 44 kind of karate, 15 kind of biscuits and 13 kind of cakes. One hundred samples were analyzed. The results showed that potato chips have …

A Manual On Forming A Support Group For Cancer Patients' Family Members, Amiee P. Sharrock

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

No abstract provided.

Intimate Gatherings Something Old, New, Borrowed And Blue: A Small Wedding May Be Right For You!, Hakisha Lashea Thomas

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Is There A Market For A Multicultural Bridal Magazine In The U.S.?, Delores Dalrymple-Williams

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Education Chronicle Issue 1 Number 3, Touro College School Of Education And Psychology - Graduate Division

Yearbooks and Newsletters

"An informational publication of the School of Education and Psychology - Graduate Division"

Effects Of 8 Weeks Of Flexibility And Resistance Training In Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Matthew T. Herriot, Sheri R. Colberg, Henri K. Parson, Tanja Nunnold, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

(First paragraph) Flexibility is often downplayed as unimportant to fitness. However, flexibility training is imperative to maintain full range of motion (ROM) of joints, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, who may experience limited joint mobility due to glycation of joint structures (1). Maladies such as “frozen shoulder” are common complaints in type 2 diabetes (2).

An Offer Of Firm Resettlement, Robert D. Sloane

Faculty Scholarship

The Attorney General lacks discretion to grant asylum to any refugee "if, prior to arrival in the United States, he or she entered into another nation with, or while in that nation received, an offer of permanent resident status, citizenship, or some other type of permanent resettlement." This rule, the doctrine of firm resettlement, is unique among the mandatory bars to asylum in the United States. It does not reflect a societal judgment about the moral fitness of an asylum applicant's character-as, for example, does the bar that prohibits granting asylum to persons with a history of violent criminal behavior. …

Making Workshops Work, Gary S. Lawson

Faculty Scholarship

The internal faculty workshop is a staple of the modern law school environment. It serves both social and intellectual functions within the faculty community. Socially, workshops are among the few occasions when large numbers of faculty assemble in the same room to do anything other than argue about appointments or the academic calendar. They are also often the primary-or even the only-way in which faculty learn what their colleagues in different fields are doing.' Intellectually, workshops are intended to improve the work product of the presenters and to sharpen or expand the thinking of the audience members.

Making A Federal Case Of It: Sabri V. United States And The Constitution Of Leviathan, Gary S. Lawson

Faculty Scholarship

The popular expression “Don't make a federal case out of it!” only makes sense if federal involvement is something unusual or special that is reserved for matters of urgent national interest. It assumes that a “federal case” is, or at least ought to be, something relatively rare and noteworthy.

For the founding generation, federal involvement in people's affairs, especially through the criminal law, was in fact a relatively rare and noteworthy event. In The Federalist, James Madison told the citizens of New York that the powers of the proposed new national government “will be exercised principally on external objects, as …

Gaining Momentum: A Review Of Recent Developments Surrounding The Expansion Of The Copyright Misuse Doctrine And Analysis Of The Doctrine In Its Current Form, Woodrow Hartzog

Faculty Scholarship

The United States intellectual property ("IP") system is the foundation for incentives for authors and inventors to create and invent so that their work will be distributed to the public for the betterment of society. These incentives, in the form of limited monopolies over creations via patents, copyrights, and trademarks, are becoming increasingly important as the United States depends upon intellectual property to sustain its economy. As the intellectual property industry grows, it becomes vital to preserve the impetus behind its creation: the public good, or more specifically, the public's ability to make use of and enjoy new ideas and …

The Software Patent Experiment, Robert M. Hunt, James Bessen

Faculty Scholarship

Over the past two decades, the scope of technologies that can be patented has been expanded to include many items previously thought unsuitable for patenting, for example, computer software. Today, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office grants 20,000 or more software patents a year. Conventional wisdom holds that extending patent protection to computer programs will stimulate research and development and, thus, increase the rate of innovation. In this article, Bob Hunt and Jim Bessen investigate whether this has, in fact, happened. They describe the spectacular growth in software patenting, who obtains patents, and the relationship between a sharp focus on …

A Physics-Based Analytical Model Of An Algan/Gan High Electron Mobility Transistor, Jonathan Sippel

Theses

Popular semiconductors currently being used for RF applications include GaAs and InP. The operating frequencies for HEMTs built with these semiconductors covers the range from 800 MHz to 100 GHz. Although high-speed operation is attainable using GaAs or InP, product performance is limited when considering high-power applications, where a high breakdown field and thermal conductivity is needed. Proposed about fifteen years ago as a solution to this problem, GaN has emerged as a viable candidate to challenge, and perhaps overtake, GaAs and InP as the dominant semiconductor in RF products, particularly power amplifiers. This is due to its high breakdown …

Web Radio Blueprint, Michael P. Moran

Theses

The Internet is one of the most significant technological developments in our lifetime, and its impact affects many established technologies and media. Radio is one of the established media revolutionized by the Internet because of the expanding multi-media capabilities, leading the way to a more focused medium when compared to traditional terrestrial radio broadcasting. Radio transmissions over the Internet (Web Radio) offers the opportunity to provide content focused to a “niche” audience, while providing an opportunity for broader operator participation than terrestrial radio. Web Radio is an Information Technology that offers a viable alternative to commercial radio, which has become …

The Design Of Interface And Function Of Cellular Phones For Old People, Yusuke Oda

Theses

A cellular phone is hard to handle for older people in terms of interface and function. In this thesis, the word "interface" stands for hardware and software interface and the word "older people" refers to Japanese people who are over 60 years old. Fundamentally, the interface must be easy to handle and convenient. In addition, it must be easy to access all of the functions that the user needs. However, it is questionable whether the interface and function of the present cellular phones are taking older people into consideration. Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to consider new interface …

Conversation With My Art On Self-Expression, Yeo-Jung Chung

Theses

Not Included

The Deceit Of Internet Hate Speech: A Study Of The Narrative And Visual Methods Used By Hate Groups On The Internet, Gina M. Albano

Theses

Intentional misinformation is a problem that has been documented in a variety of shapes and forms for thousands of years and continues to plague the American landscape. The advent and increasing usage of the Internet has created an additional venue through which intentional misinformation is disseminated, and many groups are taking full advantage of this new communication medium. Because the Internet allows anyone with web publishing skills to disseminate misinformation, it is often difficult for users to judge the credibility of the information. Hate groups understand this phenomenon and are taking full advantage of the Internet by publishing hate sites …