Digital Commons Network^™

"The House Was Quiet And The World Was Calm The Reader Became The Book", Burt Neuborne

Vanderbilt Law Review

Professor Neuborne argues that we err in reading the Bill of Rights "in splendid isolation" as a randomly ordered set of clause-bound norms. Instead, he argues that the disciplined order and placement of the thirty-three ideas in the Bill of Rights, especially the six textual ideas united in the First Amendment, reveals a deep contextual structure imposed by the Founders that sheds important light on the meaning of the constitutional text. He argues that the "vertical" order of the first ten amendments, as well as the "horizontal" order of ideas within each amendment, provides important clues to a judge seeking …

Human Rights Violations As Mass Torts: Compensation As A Proxy For Justice In The United States Civil Litigation System, Elizabeth J. Cabraser

Vanderbilt Law Review

On July 26, 2000, final approval was granted to a landmark $1.25 billion settlement of the claims of an international class of Holocaust victims against Swiss Banks that engaged in massive looting and misappropriation of assets entrusted to them by hundreds of thousands of Jews and other groups imprisoned, murdered, and dislocated by the Nazi regime. The Swiss Banks complaints linked the actions of Swiss financial institutions to the Nazi regime and its program of genocide.

The Swiss Banks litigation was brought and settled under federal class action rules in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of …

Fiscal Stress: Worldwide Trends In Higher Education Finance, Hans Vossensteyn

Journal of Student Financial Aid

While higher education is generally a high priority in boosting economic development, public budgets to sustain expansion of higher education systems remain limited around the globe. This fiscal stress creates an impetus for governments to develop various strategies to meet the growing demand-from both students and society-for higher education services. This article explores worldwide trends to cope with this issue. It addresses policy developments aimed at increased efficiency in higher education, such as development towards institutional autonomy and performance-based funding. In addition, the article shows that the issue of cost-sharing is gaining worldwide importance. Students and their families are required …

A Survey Of Wpa And 802.11i Rsn Authentication Protocols, Kwang-Hyun Baek, Sean W. Smith, David Kotz

Computer Science Technical Reports

In the new standards for WLAN security, many choices exist for the authentication process. In this paper, we list eight desired properties of WLAN authentication protocols, survey eight recent authentication protocols, and analyze the protocols according to the desired properties.

Fact-Free Learning, Enriqueta Aragones, Itzhak Gilboa, Andrew Postlewaite, David Schmeidler

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

People may be surprised by noticing certain regularities that hold in existing knowledge they have had for some time. That is, they may learn without getting new factual information. We argue that this can be partly explained by computational complexity. We show that, given a database, finding a small set of variables that obtain a certain value of R 2 is computationally hard, in the sense that this term is used in computer science. We discuss some of the implications of this result and of fact-free learning in general.

Strength Of Screw Connections Subject To Shear Force, Michael Rotimi Babalola, Roger A. Laboube

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

National Collaborative Research On How Students Learn Integration: Final Report, Rodger K. Bufford, Randall Lehmann Sorenson, Kimberly R. Derflinger, Mark R. Mcminn

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

A relational attachment model of how students learn integration at Rosemead and Fuller was replicated with clinical psychology doctoral students at George Fox University and Wheaton College (Illinois). Struc- tural equation modeling of multitrait-multimethod matrices tested how well faculty members could recognize what students readily identify in professors as most useful to students’ integration, and Latent Semantic Anal- ysis interpreted what students found most important.

Identification Of Common Subpopulations Of Non-Sorbitol-Fermenting, Β-Glucuronidase-Negative Escherichia Coli O157:H7 From Bovine Production Environments And Human Clinical Samples, Zhijie Yang, Joy Kovar, Jaehyoung Kim, Joseph Nietfeldt, David R. Smith, Rodney A. Moxley, Michael E. Olson, Paul D. Fey, Andrew K. Benson

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Non-sorbitol-fermenting, β-glucuronidase-negative Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains are regarded as a clone complex, and populations from different geographical locations are believed to share a recent common ancestor. Despite their relatedness, high-resolution genotyping methods can detect significant genome variation among different populations. Phylogenetic analysis of high-resolution genotyping data from these strains has shown that subpopulations from geographically unlinked continents can be divided into two primary phylogenetic lineages, termed lineage I and lineage II, and limited studies of the distribution of these lineages suggest there could be differences in their propensity to cause disease in humans or to be transmitted to humans. Because …

Hunting And Posting On Private Land In America, Mark R. Sigmon

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Plant Pigment Types, Distributions, And Influences On Shallow Water Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Mapping, Carlton R. Hall, Charles R. Bostater Jr., Robert Virnstein

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Development of robust protocols for use in mapping shallow water habitats using hyperspectral imagery requires knowledge of absorbing and scattering features present in the environment. These include, but are not limited to, water quality parameters, phytoplankton concentrations and species, submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) species and densities, epiphytic growth on SAV, benthic microalgae and substrate reflectance characteristics. In the Indian River Lagoon, Fl. USA we conceptualize the system as having three possible basic layers, water column and SAV bed above the bottom. Each layer is occupied by plants with their associated light absorbing pigments that occur in varying proportions and concentrations. …

Interactions Among Western Ragweed And Other Sandhills Species After Drought, Patrick E. Reece, Joe E. Brummer, Brian K. Northup, Ann E. Koehler, Lowell E. Moser

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Interannual differences in yield and species composition of herbaceous vegetation on semiarid rangelands are common and often related to variations in precipitation regime. Interspecific interactions that occur after drought-induced population fluxes of western ragweed (Ambrosia psilostachya D.C.) were evaluated by removing western ragweed or associated species from 1-m² quadrats at weekly intervals beginning in early May, June, or July 1991 or 1992 on high-seral sandhills prairie in Nebraska. The composite of peak standing crops for ragweed and each group of associated species was 77% greater during May–October 1991 (2 252 kg•ha^-1) compared with 1992 (1 275 …

The Impact Of Non-Compliance With The Therapeutic Regimen On The Development Of Stroke Among Hypertensive Men And Women In Gaza, Palestine, Bernhard T. Baune, Yousef I. Aljeesh, Ralf Bender

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: Hypertension and stroke are 2 major public health problems worldwide. Several biological and non-biological risk factors for stroke have been identified in the past. Little is known regarding risk factors for stroke among the Arabic population in Gaza. To identify potential risk factors we investigated compliance with the therapeutic regimen and life style factors which may increase the risk for stroke. METHODS: To research this study question, a pair matched case control study was conducted in Gaza Strip (Shefa Hospital, Nasser Hospital, Khan Younis Hospital, and related primary health care clinics) in 2001 (from January through to December) among …

Clinical Growth Charts For Pre-School Children, Maysoon M. Al-Amoud, Yagob Y. Al-Mazrou, Sirrag E. El-Gizouli, Tawfik A. Khoja, Khalid A. Al-Turki

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: Growth standards are indicators for normal growth of the children and growth charts are important tools for their growth monitoring. Children from different populations are different in their growth pattern, it is important to create national standards for the growth of children in each population to develop local growth charts, and since these were not available in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the aim of this study was to construct national growth standards and to develop growth charts for 0-5-years Saudi children. METHODS: A cross-sectional study following World Health Organization (WHO) criteria in determining sample size was adopted, …

Use Of Dexamethasone To Reduce Postoperative Vomiting And Pain After Pediatric Tonsillectomy Procedures, Abdulhamid H. Samarkandi, Mussarat A. Shaikh, Rana A. Ahmad, Ahmed Y. Alammar

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine whether a single dose of dexamethasone 0.5mg/kg administered before surgery could decrease post operative vomiting and pain and improves oral intake in the first 24-hours after pediatric tonsillectomy procedures. METHODS: It is a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study. Sixty children age 2-12-years ASA 1 and11 were scheduled for tonsillectomy, dexamethasone (n=29) and control group (n=31) were enrolled in the study. Dexamethasone group received 0.5mg/kg intravenous dexamethasone and control group received saline at the time of induction. The anesthetic regimen and surgical procedures were standardized for all patients. All patients were …

Primary Hyperaldosteronism Treated By Radiofrequency Ablation, Abdulrahman A. Al-Shaikh, Mohamed M. Al-Rawas, Mirvat A. Al-Asnag

Saudi Medical Journal

This is a report of a 57-year-old Jordanian man who had uncontrolled hypertension and hypokalemia. He was diagnosed to have primary hyperaldosteronism with left adrenal adenoma. Traditionally, surgical resection of the adrenal gland whether by laparotomy or laparoscopic procedures would have been considered at this point. However, the treating team elected radiofrequency ablation of the left adrenal in view of the fact that this facility and the expertise was available in the hospital; in addition, this procedure required a shorter duration of hospitalization, was less expensive, and was less invasive. Subsequently, the patients blood pressure improved to 120/75mm Hg and …

The Magnetic Resonance Image Findings Of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis, Rami J. Yaghan

Saudi Medical Journal

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare disease of the breast. Clinically and radiologically it may mimic breast carcinoma. We report a case of a 34-year-old female patient with this diagnosis, concentrating on magnetic resonance image MRI findings and its clinical application. There have been other reports on MRI findings in this entity in the radiological literature, but in our case report, clinical, cytological, pathological, and radiological correlations are also provided.

Exertional Dizziness And Syncope Caused By Anomalous Left Coronary Artery Origin From The Right Sinus Of Valsalva, Walid S. Hassan, Walid A. Al-Habeeb, Fayez E. El-Shaer, Zohair Y. Al-Halees

Saudi Medical Journal

Coronary anomalies are generally rare, but has fascinating congenital cardiac disease entities, recognized in less than 1.3% of all coronary angiograms. Left coronary artery arising from right sinus of valsalva RSOV represents an extremely uncommon subtype. Initial presentations include chest pain, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, sudden death, and rarely exertional syncope. We report a case of exertional dizziness and syncope, diagnosed to have anomalous origin of left main coronary artery from RSOV. Surgical intervention was curative.

Clinical And Histologic Studies Of A Qatari Family With Myofibrillar Myopathy, Ayman A. El-Menyar, Jassim Al-Suwaidi, Abdurrazak A. Gehani, Abdulbari Bener

Saudi Medical Journal

The current study reports the first family with confirmed myofibrillar myopathy MFM in the Middle East and the third family worldwide. This study highlights the importance of considering MFM in young patients presenting with idiopathic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia or atrioventricular block in the Gulf states. This is the first report that presented 2 different types of cardiomyopathy and 2 different indications of permanent pacemaker placement in the same generation of a family with MFM. This report studies a Qatari family consisting of one brother and 3 sisters. The brother had restrictive cardiomyopathy at the age of 16 years. One sister underwent …

A Human Fasciolosis Presenting With Cholelithiasis And Choledocholithiasis In Van, Turkey, Hasan Yilmaz, Cetin Kotan, Omer Soylemez, Hasan Arslanturk

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Authorship. Credit And Disputes, Mustafa M. Afifi

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Gender Differences In Academic Performance Among Arab Medical Students, Shabih Manzar

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Embalming With Honey, Khalifa E. Sharquie, Rafid A. Najim, Khalifa E. Sharquie

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Local Antigen In Serodiagnosis Of Trichomoniasis Vaginalis, Nadham K. Mahdi, Zainab H. Gany, Maysoon S. Flafil

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Of Group B Streptococci Isolated From Pregnant Women In Trinidad, West Indies, Fitzroy A. Orrett

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Age Distribution Of Nasopharyngeal Cancer In Saudi Arabia, Abdulwahab A. Andejani, Vijayananda Kundapur, Kamal Malaker

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: The age standardized rate of head and neck cancer in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is 5.7% with nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) accounting for >40% of all head and neck cancers. This study intends to compare age specific incidence of NPC in KSA and other countries. METHODS: Data from the National Cancer Registry for KSA during the period 1994 through to 1996 was compared with data from the World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer (ARC) in Singapore, China, Kuwait and Canada. RESULTS: There were 373 diagnosed Saudi patients with NPC with high incidence among the young …

Polymorphism Of P53 Gene In Jordanian Population And Possible Associations With Breast Cancer And Lung Adenocarcinoma, Amjad A. Mahasneh, Suzanne S. Abdel-Hafiz

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of 3 polymorphisms in p53 gene in 3 healthy Jordanian groups and 2 cancer patient groups. METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples obtained from 84 cancer patients (breast and lung adenocarcinoma) and 136 healthy subjects (representing Jordanian general population, Bedouins and Charkas). Samples were collected from Al-Amal Hospital for Cancer, Amman and from health centers located in different regions of Jordan from March 2002 to October 2002. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify intron 3, exon 4 and intron 6 and PCR products were analyzed using gel electrophoresis and BstUI and …

Flow Cytometric Evaluation Of Bone Marrow Plasma Cells Using Cd19, Cd45, Cd56, Cd38, And Cd138 And Correlation With Bone Marrow Infiltration Ratio In Multiple Myeloma Patients, Ismail O. Kara, Berksoy Sahin, Semra Paydas, Salih Cetiner

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To examine the co-expression of CD19, CD45, CD38, CD56, and CD138 molecules in plasma cells of bone marrow (BM) aspirates and their relation with BM infiltration, and treatment in patients with multiple myeloma by flow cytometry. METHODS: Forty BM aspirate samples were assessed from 40 patients at diagnosis and on follow-up at the Medical Oncology Department, Cukurova University, Balcali Hospital, Turkey, between 2002 and 2004. The mean age was 56.83 +/- 9.1 and male:female ratio was 2.6. All patients received at least 4 courses of VAD(vincristine, adriamycin, dexamethasone) regimens and 20 of them were also treated with high dose …

Role Of Tuberculosis Laboratories In Saudi Arabia. A Call To Implement Standardized Procedures, Sahal A. Al-Hajoj, Fahad A. Alrabiah

Saudi Medical Journal

There is no doubt that the laboratory is the backbone for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). Only through testing in the laboratory can the physician confirm suspicion of TB despite any previous clinical and x-ray findings. Recent visits to several laboratories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia showed that some need considerable improvement. Unless there are standardized procedures to diagnose TB, and safety measures are implemented in all laboratories, it will be impossible to diagnose accurately and control TB. The laboratories should be redesigned to conform to international TB Diagnostic Centers, with well trained staff and proper safety procedures.

Plasma Fibrinogen And Its Correlates In Adult Saudi Population, Awatif A. Alam, Ahmed H. Mitwalli, Jamal S. Al-Wakeel, Abdul R. Chaudhary, Mohammed A. Zebaid

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To determine plasma fibrinogen and its correlates in the adult Saudi population and to investigate hyperfibrinogenemia as a possible risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was designed and carried out through multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling of every third house in 6 heterogeneously populated districts of Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, during the period 1999 to 2002. Demographic and clinical data of 2263 adult Saudi subjects, consisting of 1934 (85.5%) men and 329 (14.5%) women, was collected through a standard questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP) and history of smoking were recorded. Plasma …

Plasma Concentrations Of Non-Esterified Fatty Acids In Chronic Renal Failure In The United Arab Emirates, Michael P. Gillett, Enyioma N. Obineche, Safina T. Khan, Abdishakur M. Abdulle

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: In end-stage renal failure, dyslipoproteinemia is linked to risk of cardiovascular disease. Increased concentrations of triacylglycerol-rich, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and decreased concentrations of high density lipoproteins (HDL) are usual, whilst total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations are not increased. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are not transported by lipoproteins, but increased concentrations may also be associated with cardiovascular disease risk. In this study, plasma concentrations of NEFA and other lipids were compared in healthy subjects and patients with end-stage chronic renal failure who were either undialyzed or undergoing peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis. METHODS: Fasted blood samples …