Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2004

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 2401 - 2430 of 38539

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Comparing Human-Centered Design Methods From Different Disciplines: Contextual Design And Principles., Mark Notess, Eli Blevis Nov 2004

Comparing Human-Centered Design Methods From Different Disciplines: Contextual Design And Principles., Mark Notess, Eli Blevis

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The human-computer interaction (HCI) community has developed primarily among those trained in computer science and psychology. Design methodologies within HCI tend to address the needs and interests of those who have been trained in cognitive science, human factors, or software engineering. This paper illuminates the similarities, distinctions and opportunities existing between one of the better known HCI methodologies, Contextual Design, and an encapsulation of the oral tradition of studio-based design methods that we call PRInCiPleS. PRInCiPleS forms part of the curriculum in HCI design at the Indiana University School of Informatics. We present a case study wherein both methods were …

Go to article

Design How-To-Know: Towards A Domain-Specific Ontology., Frances Joseph Nov 2004

Design How-To-Know: Towards A Domain-Specific Ontology., Frances Joseph

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The title of this paper implies a repositioning of the notion of ‘design know how’ as tacit knowledge developed through practical experience into a questioning of the identity and being of design. This is not to valorise one form of knowing (through practice) over another (through cognition), but to imply a certain fuzziness about the definition, purpose and meaning of design. While this paper addresses issues of design, ontology and computation in relation to certain philosophical and theoretical positions, it is important to emphasise that my engagement comes from a practical involvement and concern with ‘design problems’ arising from the …

Go to article

Designers Searching Strategies Influenced By Information Retrieval Systems (Irs) Within The Early Stages Of The Industrial Design Process., Caroline Francis, Sam Bucolo, Vesna Popovic Nov 2004

Designers Searching Strategies Influenced By Information Retrieval Systems (Irs) Within The Early Stages Of The Industrial Design Process., Caroline Francis, Sam Bucolo, Vesna Popovic

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As Industrial Designers handle information within the early stages of the design process they are influenced by the information viewed which is an outcome of the Information Retrieval Systems (IRS) that they utilise. The purpose of this research is to investigate the influences that Information Retrieval Systems such as online Search Engines and Databases have on Industrial Designers’ early searching strategies. The study involves the observation of designers transforming early design language into query ‘keyword’ language for the operation of Information Retrieval Systems and how this transition causes a design direction shift. Findings show a common pattern across the activity …

Go to article

Design And Morals In The Globalized Context., Robert Nelson Nov 2004

Design And Morals In The Globalized Context., Robert Nelson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper sets out to: • describe globalization in the context of product design, visual communication and multimedia; • describe the elements of design that matter in a moral sense and those that do not; • assess the vulnerability of design to pressure to become a promotional organ of global vanity; • explain the reluctance of authors to adopt a critical stance with regard to the vanity of many products; • identify the problems besetting design discourse, which cause it to be largely mute in the evaluation of design in the context of cultural life; and, • investigate the methodological …

Go to article

Power To The People: Electricity And Domestic Design., Kathleen Connellan, Jim Moss Nov 2004

Power To The People: Electricity And Domestic Design., Kathleen Connellan, Jim Moss

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper will tease out a number of tensions including domestic product design and designed domesticity, particularly within the post World War 2 emphasis of embracing electricity into the home with all of its concomitant ‘labour saving’ devices. Pre –Apartheid South Africa will be used as a context for a domestic engagement of a different kind – one in which black African maids in a starched white aprons and headscarfs worked silently as the best of white goods were promoted as doing. This situation flew in the face of emerging modernist tendencies. It created the unresolved tension between the white …

Go to article

A New Approach To Mobile Interaction: Development Of Camera Based Input Method., Jae Hyung Byun, Myung Suk Kim Nov 2004

A New Approach To Mobile Interaction: Development Of Camera Based Input Method., Jae Hyung Byun, Myung Suk Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Mobile devices such as mobile phone or PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) are considered as main interface tools in ubiquitous computing environment. Mobile devices will be used as portable terminals for exchanging information with surrounding computers. For searching information in mobile device, it should be possible for user to input some text including special characters or strings as well as to control cursor for navigation. So, we should find efficient interface method for text input in limited dimension of mobile devices. This study intends to suggest a new approach to mobile interaction using camera based virtual keyboard for text input in …

Go to article

Design For Uncertainty., Dirk Pons Nov 2004

Design For Uncertainty., Dirk Pons

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The development of engineering systems, whether those systems be products, plant or services, is a complex activity. The systems themselves are becoming more rather than less complex. Partly this arises from the need to optimise multiple system attributes including function, cost, resource usage, and style, among others. Also, most significant engineering projects involve diverse activities (including design, risk assessment, decision making, construction, and ongoing operation), and these invariably require teams of people with different skills. In turn that diversity requires effective management and leadership. Furthermore, the addition of electronic functionality and active control systems adds functionality but also introduces complex …

Go to article

The System Around The Product: Methodologies And Experiences Focusing On Material And Immaterial Aspects In Design Solutions., Nicola Morelli Nov 2004

The System Around The Product: Methodologies And Experiences Focusing On Material And Immaterial Aspects In Design Solutions., Nicola Morelli

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The design discipline has traditionally focused on products physical aspects, giving for granted that the context of services, infrastructures and technology will support the product life. A systemic perspective would revise such a focus, in order to project design competences over systemic aspects usually neglected by designers. This perspective shift is a challenge for designers, who have very efficient methods and tools to handle physical aspects of product design, but need to define an ‘operative paradigm’ to operate in a systemic context. An operative paradigm consists of a set of tools and methods to handle immaterial aspects such as time …

Go to article

Introducing Matik Service - Proposition For A New It Communication System Through An Approach In Kansei., Pierre Levy, Shin Young Park, Toshimasa Yamanaka Nov 2004

Introducing Matik Service - Proposition For A New It Communication System Through An Approach In Kansei., Pierre Levy, Shin Young Park, Toshimasa Yamanaka

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Even though IT is a very convenient tool for virtual communities to correspond, limitations are many and, for most of them, already known. This paper focuses on the issues related with tacit knowledge and subjective communication. The aim is to introduce an original software taking user’s subjectivity into account to optimize information flow. This research has been launch as a part of the 21st Century COE Program, sponsored by the MEXT, aiming at structuring Kansei as a science. Three laboratories with different specialties are working on this common program. As various knowledge is sharing between various people, a quick multiplication …

Go to article

The Abandoned Center: The Impact Of Complexity And Scale On Organizational Systems; Making The Case For A Design Approach., Harold Nelson, Erik Stolterman Nov 2004

The Abandoned Center: The Impact Of Complexity And Scale On Organizational Systems; Making The Case For A Design Approach., Harold Nelson, Erik Stolterman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Businesses, governmental agencies and other large organizations face an intense challenge in today’s world. As these organizations become larger and more complex they often loose the focal point of their work—their center of gravity. Leaders, managers and administrators are unable to control the operations of the organization because specialization and diversification have created an abandoned center at the heart of their system. The challenge is to find a strategic approach for replacing the abandoned center with a whole center. In this paper we present three strategies for doing this, two of which are primarily based on reductionistic science and one …

Go to article

The Role Of Occupational Communities In The Transmission And Embedding Of Design Innovation: A Conceptual Framework., Philippa Ashton Nov 2004

The Role Of Occupational Communities In The Transmission And Embedding Of Design Innovation: A Conceptual Framework., Philippa Ashton

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will explore social relationships as essential to the ability of organisations and the occupational communities within which they sit, to acquire and embed design innovation. The tacit qualities of design mean that social contact is required to enable the transmission and embedding of design innovation. The paper is focussed on selected literature that investigates this concept and commonly cited features and mechanisms for innovation and design knowledge transfer, are then built into a conceptual model applicable to design communities. The topic has particular relevance because of the growth of many publicly funded initiatives in the UK which attempt …

Go to article

A Study On Visualizing Process And Effective Communication In An Edesign Project., Juhyun Eune Nov 2004

A Study On Visualizing Process And Effective Communication In An Edesign Project., Juhyun Eune

DRS Biennial Conference Series

A new design field called eDesign appears as if eBiz is an online related business in which an industrialized design creates the individual value added facing a digital revolution. The field of eDesign requires a special design process and management methodology regardless of the fact that human sensitivity will be satisfied through a dehumanized computer technique. However, it is the reality of eDesign that has been dependent upon a simple process or project management tool of general design. In this study, we develop an eDesign platform based on an eDesign process and template mainly focused on eBusiness in order to …

Go to article

Articulating Knowledge From The Vikings To The Digital Age: Designing Digital Artifacts In Research., Dagny Stuedahl, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal Nov 2004

Articulating Knowledge From The Vikings To The Digital Age: Designing Digital Artifacts In Research., Dagny Stuedahl, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper discusses the design approach for participatory design of digital systems and routines for qualitative, cultural-historical research and reconstruction of a Viking boat. The digital system involves recording, digitalizing, editing, categorizing and archiving audio-visual empirical material.The design work involves adaption of heterogeneous technologies to help the researcher in his methodological and analytical work. Concepts on negotiaton from actor-network theory and on activities are used to suggest theoretical approach for participatory design of heterogeneous systems in research.

Go to article

Choreographing Augmented Spaces, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal Nov 2004

Choreographing Augmented Spaces, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In Windows and Mirrors: Interaction Design, Digital Art, and the Myth of Transparency, Bolter and Gromala (2003) argue that every digital artifact shifts between being transparent and reflective. Discussing the potential of the interfaces of electronic arts for wider digital design practices and theories, these writers argue that we need to look both through and at the interface. The paper argues that in the domain of electronic arts the development of augmented expressive spaces needs further discussion on the place of mixed media types and expressive forms. We aim to explore how augmented spaces may be seen as extending beyond …

Go to article

Being, Seeing And Being Seen: Accessing The Social Language Of Clothing Style For Use Within Design Research., Fiona Candy, John Mcaleavy Nov 2004

Being, Seeing And Being Seen: Accessing The Social Language Of Clothing Style For Use Within Design Research., Fiona Candy, John Mcaleavy

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will introduce a new approach to the study of clothing and involves visual ethnographic research methods that can support empirical investigation in to the range of personal and social meanings associated with everyday styles of dress. It has been developed as a result of a multidisciplinary collaboration between fashion, video production, illustration, and animation designers. Research has involved street photography, one to one interviews, group clothing workshops, body language video documentation and post production experimentation with animation and rotoscoping digital imaging techniques. Initial findings are that our approach has a variety of potential applications for practitioners and researchers …

Go to article

Could Synergies Of Relations In Design Become The Basis For Professional Standards Of Eudaemonia?, John Wood Nov 2004

Could Synergies Of Relations In Design Become The Basis For Professional Standards Of Eudaemonia?, John Wood

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Where Marxism used negative terms such as 'alienation' to characterise the loss of enfranchisement and engagement in industrialised capitalism, this paper outlines positive methods for enhancing well being in education and industry. It develops an idea of John Ruskin (1851) as a possible method for helping designers to design for higher levels of synergy. Here, synergy is defined using ecological systems as a point of reference. If synergy can be mapped as a set of interdependent relations it would be possible to evaluate complex situations in the real world. The paper argues that we reduce synergy by design-related activities that …

Go to article

Specialisation In The Profession Of Industrial Design In Finland., Anna Valtonen Nov 2004

Specialisation In The Profession Of Industrial Design In Finland., Anna Valtonen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Industrial Design in Finland has changed a lot during the past ten years. Ten years ago most of the Finnish industrial designers worked in small or middle-sized design agencies. There was very little specialisation; one office could do everything from toys to trucks. There were very few designers employed directly by the industry. Today the biggest offices have a clear focus and even the design process has become a well-marketed commodity – only in order to make the use of strategic design as easy as possible for the customer. Today many industrial designers are employed as in-house designers in large …

Go to article

Cyber-Rates: A Platform For Understanding Designer's Kansei., Jorge C Sanabria Nov 2004

Cyber-Rates: A Platform For Understanding Designer's Kansei., Jorge C Sanabria

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The objective of this research was to categorize Internet users by identifying their cyber-rate (abilities and activities when browsing on the Internet) and use this categorization as a platform for exploring designers’ perception abilities and therefore improve information-design on the Internet. Comparing low and high ranking subjects might be a window for understanding the way kansei (Japanese for emotions, feelings, perception, etc.) acts in the brain. In the first stage, Internet users were interviewed about their abilities and categories were obtained. Based on the Protocol Analysis Method, subjects were asked to execute eight tasks on the Internet and were recorded …

Go to article

Mobile Wireless Technology: Research And Design Of Interfaces For Individuals With Cognitive Impairments., Vicki Haberman, Michael Jones, James Mueller Nov 2004

Mobile Wireless Technology: Research And Design Of Interfaces For Individuals With Cognitive Impairments., Vicki Haberman, Michael Jones, James Mueller

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Using mobile wireless technology as a platform, a compensatory aid is being developed to support community re-entry for persons with cognitive impairments resulting from acquired brain injuries (ABI). A human-centered design approach is combined with research in other disciplines including computer science and rehabilitation engineering to help resolve the central concern: the design of a user interface that is both understandable and operable by individuals with significant cognitive impairments. It is expected that much of what is learned through this project will also be beneficial in enhancing usability of mobile wireless technologies for users without disabilities.

Go to article

Reflections On Contemporary Design Education: The Green Map System As A Tool For A Better Understanding Of Sustainable Practices., Paulo Souza, Alessandro Dos Santos Faria Nov 2004

Reflections On Contemporary Design Education: The Green Map System As A Tool For A Better Understanding Of Sustainable Practices., Paulo Souza, Alessandro Dos Santos Faria

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The main focus of this paper is Design Education and the need for implementing sustainability concepts within design disciplines. This approach reflects the urgently need of searching new methodologies in order to find the needs of the present without compromising the future generations ability in finding their own needs, according to the World Commission on Development and Environment, 1987. In this sense, some changes in design methodologies, particularly in design education, are discussed and pointed out as a matter of priority. The perspective of sustainability imposes new concepts of development, new social behavior and new cultural paradigms, which can be …

Go to article

Object-Ive Re-Generation - Exploring How Developed Societies Perceive, Use, And Live With High-Tech Sustainable Materials, Objects,And Environments., Timothy Antoniuk Nov 2004

Object-Ive Re-Generation - Exploring How Developed Societies Perceive, Use, And Live With High-Tech Sustainable Materials, Objects,And Environments., Timothy Antoniuk

DRS Biennial Conference Series

After many decades of debate there is little doubt that most of the world’s ecological systems are in decline (Hawkins, et al 4). Ezio Manzini, Professor of Industrial Design and Director of CIRIS, has recently echoed these thoughts and concerns by stating that, for a sustainable society1 industrialized nations must to move towards a point where they are reliant on 10% of their current levels of resource consumption. In light of these realities, and the distinct possibility that no society, as a whole, will readily accept a 90% reduction in its footprint2 (especially without major and immediate changes in international …

Go to article

Design Methods For Cross-Cultural Collaborative Design Project., Kun-Pyo Lee Nov 2004

Design Methods For Cross-Cultural Collaborative Design Project., Kun-Pyo Lee

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As ‘globalization’ becomes hot buzzword, designers begin to deal with culture in serious manner than ever. However, in design field, major topics in cultural design have been limited mainly around identifying aesthetic stereotypes such as national shape or color preferences. Furthermore, major methods of cultural design were limited only in designer’s personal intuition or pencil and paper survey that requires time and effort. Considering these background and needs of the study, the study sets the objective as ‘to develop frameworks of design methods for cross-cultural collaborative design project.’ At first, culture was defined as one having structure with multi-layers including …

Go to article

Developing Models Of Designing To Enable Practice., Robert Young Nov 2004

Developing Models Of Designing To Enable Practice., Robert Young

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Reconsideration of the nature of design and the exploration of the future scope of design practice and its role within society is recurrent within academe. This has been represented recently by discussion about the role of design in the development of services rather than products. This paper describes an investigation of complex system design, which led to the derivation of a content-based model of design practice. It also describes the process of determining the utility of the model, based on the perceptions of design practitioners.

Go to article

Revolutionary Images And Images Of Revolution. Graphic Resistance Through Culture Jamming And Radical Commodities., Brad Haylock Nov 2004

Revolutionary Images And Images Of Revolution. Graphic Resistance Through Culture Jamming And Radical Commodities., Brad Haylock

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Culture jamming offers both a practical blueprint and some social theoretical foundation according to which graphic designers might play a consequential role in shaping their world, emancipated from their typical realm of corporate subservience. Culture jamming, however, is obviously not the only means through which graphic design may be of political significance. This article, therefore, is not focussed specifically upon culture jamming; rather, the article is concerned with the broader question of graphic resistance, and particularly also with the question of graphic design’s significance within the context of what might be termed ‘radical commodities’. This paper seeks to argue that …

Go to article

Relating Social Contextual Knowledge To Graphic Designers' Practice., Stan Mauger Nov 2004

Relating Social Contextual Knowledge To Graphic Designers' Practice., Stan Mauger

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design is a conceptual activity that draws heavily on acquired design knowledge through practice. The role that designers place on knowledge of social contexts in their conceptual processes is highly variable and often unrecognised or undervalued by them in their practice. The ethnographic study upon which this paper is based used case studies to investigate this question. It considered the relative importance that a number of New Zealand graphic designers placed on bringing contextual knowledge into their practice. Graphic designers in the study had varying experience and worked in different types of firms and areas of the graphic design …

Go to article

Meeting Pluralist Demands With A Pluralist Response. The Omnium Project: Offering An Online Collaborative Design Response To An Increasingly Diversified, Interconnected And Pluralist World., Rick Bennett, Emma Dunphy Nov 2004

Meeting Pluralist Demands With A Pluralist Response. The Omnium Project: Offering An Online Collaborative Design Response To An Increasingly Diversified, Interconnected And Pluralist World., Rick Bennett, Emma Dunphy

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper examines the current relationship between contemporary design education and design practice within a constant state of multi-faceted change. It discusses changing demands for design education and practice, from a more global society. Within ‘a world of increased interconnectivity and multiplicity in ideas, cultures and practices’ (Warwicker 1999), it observes strategies suggested by theorists, educators and practitioners to accommodate social change within the two contexts. By seeking and describing the opinions of 549 Australian design students on the implementation of suggested strategies to accommodate change, the paper proceeds to describe an example of one online design education initiative that …

Go to article

Designing Time: A Laboratory For Time Based Design., Birger Sevaldson Nov 2004

Designing Time: A Laboratory For Time Based Design., Birger Sevaldson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing Time is an experimental design studio at the Oslo School of Architecture, where the students are engaged in time based issues. The studio serves as a laboratory to invent, develop and test strategies and techniques relevant to time based design. Working with time helps students to develop the ability to investigate relations and systems and to understand these through time based analyses and abstraction. Working with time starts from observations of real life phenomena The observations ultimately lead to discovery of opportunities for interventions and in some cases innovation. The essay goes through several concepts and cases of time …

Go to article

Desire Of Design Knowledge. Notes On Cnpq Doctoral Education Program In Brazil., Maria Cecilia Loschiavo Des Santos Nov 2004

Desire Of Design Knowledge. Notes On Cnpq Doctoral Education Program In Brazil., Maria Cecilia Loschiavo Des Santos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper seeks to provide an overview of the CNPq program and the challenges of creating doctoral education in design in our country, especially considering the short history of design education in Brazil, the strong need of design intervention and the desire for academic design knowledge.

Go to article

A Study Of E-Book Design In Ergonomics Consideration., Yen-Yu Kang, Ming-How Kuo, Wen-Ko Chiou, Rungtai Lin Nov 2004

A Study Of E-Book Design In Ergonomics Consideration., Yen-Yu Kang, Ming-How Kuo, Wen-Ko Chiou, Rungtai Lin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

E” life, a new trend to influence people’s dairy-life since internet explored. No product or concept can be successful if it ignores the needs of its users and E-book are no exception. However, there has been a noticeable lack of real information about how ebooks are used. So, the objective of this study is established a series of surveys in an effort to help readers in using E-book. The overall aim of this project focus on the E-book of the future. With the changing of the trends, it stems from the fact that with the changing of the trends, the …

Go to article

Reactive Colours - Motivating Shared Experience Of The First Reactions Of Children On The Autism Spectrum To Computers: Human Diversity And The Case For Open Participative Systems Of Design., Derek Freeman, Wendy Keay-Bright Nov 2004

Reactive Colours - Motivating Shared Experience Of The First Reactions Of Children On The Autism Spectrum To Computers: Human Diversity And The Case For Open Participative Systems Of Design., Derek Freeman, Wendy Keay-Bright

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Reactive Colours© is a network based open development soft-ware programme to introduce children on the autistic spectrum to computing and aims to demonstrate the provision of an interface through which communication, through play, can occur more easily than is usual with autistic children. The chief intended benefits, building on the work of Dinah Murray and Mike Lesser, are therapeutic. These arise from an interface design, which focuses on, and deliberately emphasises, certain characteristics of computing that are of potential significance to people on the autism spectrum. Characteristics that provide users with a comfortable context-free, predictable environment, where autistic and non …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last