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Sexually Dimorphic Effects Of Prenatal Stress On Cognition, Hormonal Responses, And Central Neurotransmitters, Rachel E. Bowman, Neil J. Maclusky, Yessenia Sarmiento, Maya Frankfurt, Marisa Gordon, Victoria N. Luine

Psychology Faculty Publications

Exposure to stress during gestation results in physiological and behavioral alterations that persist into adulthood. This study examined the effects of prenatal stress on the postnatal expression of sexually differentiated cognitive, hormonal, and neurochemical profiles in male and female rats. Pregnant dams were subjected to restraint stress three times daily for 45 min during d 14-21 of pregnancy. The offspring of control and prenatally stressed dams were tested for anxiety-related and cognitive behaviors, stress and gonadal steroid hormone levels, as well as monoamines and metabolite levels in selected brain regions. Postnatal testosterone levels (measured at 1 and 5 d) did …

Operant Conditioning In Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease, Adam P. Spira

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Behavioral interventions are commonly implemented to manage agitation in older adults with dementia. However, the extent to which operant conditioning can occur in this population is unclear. The present study used a button-pressing task to evaluate the sensitivity of the responding of individuals with probable Alzheimer's disease to changes in schedules of reinforcement. Results indicate that operant conditioning can occur in older adults with AD. Specifically, three participants with AD exhibited responding that was highly sensitive to a transition from a fixed interval schedule to an extinction schedule. One participant's responding was sensitive to a more subtle transition. Comparison data …

Super Resolution Of Fingerprints, Kaustubh R. Deshpande

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The goal of any biometric recognition algorithm has been to target 100% recognition rate. Even a failure of 0.1% of the cases may be disastrous to the overall performance of the algorithm given the nature of the application. The performance of the recognition module is dependent directly on the quality of the images fed to this algorithm. It is no wonder thus that enhancing these images before they are fed into the recognition algorithm has gained importance in the recent years.;In this work, we develop a super-resolution method with a specific goal to improve the resolution of biometric images. This …

Vital Signs, Fall 2004, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A twenty-seven page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, alumni profiles, class notes, and more.

Beguiling Beginnings And Dialectical Salvaging : The Presidential Inaugural Speech And African-American Leaders' Speeches., Jacqueline Elaine Brown

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores how presidential inaugural speeches reflect the overarching mindset of the government, and how, in the postmodern era, this mindset manifests the same sort of African American erasure that has existed since Middle Passage. In addition, I explore the rhetorical engagement black leaders use to respond to, prevent, or to circumvent this erasure. This dissertation examines presidential inaugural speeches, during the Civil Rights and Black Power eras, from the Kennedy administration to President Lyndon Baines Johnson, to prove that, most times, this type of speech is little more than epideictic formality in regards to black interests, and, perhaps, …

Group Judgments: Deliberation, Statistical Means, And Information Markets, Cass R. Sunstein

Coase-Sandor Institute for Law & Economics Research Paper Series

How can groups elicit and aggregate the information held by their individual members? There are three possibilities. Groups might use the statistical mean of individual judgments; they might encourage deliberation; or they might use information markets. In both private and public institutions, deliberation is the standard way of proceeding; but for two reasons, deliberating groups often fail to make good decisions. First, the statements and acts of some group members convey relevant information, and that information often leads other people not to disclose what they know. Second, social pressures, imposed by some group members, often lead other group members to …

Self-Efficacy, Metastasis, Treatment, And Demographics As Predictors Of Functional Performance Status Of Adult Colorectal Cancer Patients, Dollie A. Husfeld

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

The purpose of this study was to assess self-efficacy as a predictor of functional performance status in order to discover correlations that could be used to improve care of the colorectal cancer patient. Thirty participants were accessed through three outpatient cancer clinics during a two-week period. Data was collected through a demographics questionnaire, the Cancer Behavior Inventory Long Form, and the Karnofsky Performance Scale Index. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify and relationships between the dependent variable, functional performance status, and the independent variables, self-efficacy, age, gender, residence, treatment, and metastasis ( p = .05). Pearson's correlation showed a …

2004 August, Office Of Communications & Marketing, Morehead State University.

Morehead State Press Release Archive, 1961 to the Present

Morehead State University press releases for August of 2004.

Similarities And Differences In Role Conflict, Role Commitment, And Job Satisfaction For Female And Male High School Principals, Ellen Eckman

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gender, role conflict, role commitment, and job satisfaction on the high school principal. Data were collected from high school principals in three midwestern states. The results indicated that there are differences between female and male high school principals in their personal and professional attributes as well as in role conflict. There were similarities between female and male high school principals in terms of role commitment and job satisfaction.

Translation, Adaptation And Validation Of An Instrument To Evaluate Hiv/Aids Knowledge And Attitudes For Use With Salvadorian High School Students, Carlos Salvador Zometa Iii

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study translated, cross-culturally adapted and validated an instrument's scores for use in public high schools in San Salvador, El Salvador. The original instrument consisted of items developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to assess HIV/AIDS knowledge and five dimensions of attitudes (Abstinence, Peer-pressure, Condom use, Drug use, and Threat of HIV) in grades 7 to 12 in the United States. Items were translated into Spanish using the back-translation method. The instrument was cross-culturally adapted using guidelines proposed by Guillemin, Bombardier, and Beaton (1993). A cross-culturally equivalent version of the original instrument was obtained using three …

Recovering (From) Enlightenment?, Steven D. Smith

San Diego Law Review

The American Constitution at its founding is often associated with "the Enlightenment," and modern liberal constitutionalism continues to be associated with what Bruce Ackerman refers to as "the spirit of the Enlightenment." This article contrasts the essential features of the classical or historical Enlightenment with those of the modern Enlightenment, as reflected in the thinking of theorists like Rawls, Dworkin, and others and as embodied in a good deal of modern constitutional doctrine. The article argues that the modern Enlightenment is more accurately viewed as an inversion than a continuation of the classical Enlightenment. Moreover, this inversion threatens to undermine …

Influence Of A Three-Week Wildlife Education Curriculum On Knowledge And Attitudes Of South Carolina's Marlboro County High School Ninth And Tenth-Grade Biology Students, Diane M. Krishon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of a three-week wildlife education curriculum on knowledge and attitudes of ninth and tenth-grade biology students in South Carolina. A three-week wildlife curriculum was incorporated into three high school biology classes in the same semester. The students were pre-tested and post-tested for knowledge and attitudes. The results indicate that the three-week curriculum had a positive influence on knowledge but did not influence wildlife attitudes. However, a substantial correlation occurred between the post-test attitude and knowledge scores, indicating that as students' knowledge increased, their attitudes towards wildlife and environmental education became …

Essays On The Economics Of Religion, Charitable Giving, And Youth Crime, Brian J. Osoba

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation includes essays on the application of economics to areas previously thought to be the domain of sociology, psychology, and political science. Chapter 1 introduces the paths that economics has blazed into the areas of religion, charitable giving, crime, and government formation. The second chapter examines the functions that risk and time preference play in the strength of an individual's religious belief. The results illustrate that individuals treat religion like other goods exhibiting uncertainty and a delayed expected future payoff. Chapter 3 investigates the role of prestige and warm glow in the market for charitable giving. The results indicate …

Three Essays On Trade And *Development, Abhra Roy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the first essay of this dissertation, we analyze the role of education subsidies on child labor in a situation where parents choose the quantity of children to have as well as their educational attainment. We find that lump sum education subsidies may increase (decrease) the equilibrium level of education and child labor depending on whether parents attach more weight on education (quality) or on school enrollment. Marginal education subsidies, in general, have the exact opposite effect. Some authors have found that a rise in the cost of schooling decreases child labor in some countries while increasing it in others. …

Armstrong Academics August 2004, Armstrong Atlantic State University

Armstrong State University Collections: Armstrong Academics (Archived)

No abstract provided.

Psychophysical Studies Of Binocular And Spatial Vision In Humans With Anisometropic And Strabismic Amblyopia, Ritwick Agrawal

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Amblyopia is a common developmental visual disorder. Previous studies of amblyopia have delineated spatial and binocular deficits. However debate exists about how the strabismic and anisometropic subtypes may differ. The central hypothesis is that the two subtypes differ with regard to binocular integration functions. Strabismic subjects may show severe impairments of binocular integration due to a history inter-ocular suppression, which predicts the pattern of monocular deficits. Seven anisometropic, six strabismic and seven control subjects were tested psychophysically with four monocular tests and three binocular tests. Results indicated that the degree of loss of Vernier acuity was larger than that predicted …

Letter To The Editor: Response To Covey, Brian Hitsman, Bonnie Spring, Belinda Borrelli, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Raymond Niaura

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Dr. Covey asserts that our meta-analysis of the association between history of major depression and smoking treatment outcome (Hitsman, Borrelli, McChargue, Spring, & Niaura, 2003) was flawed because we did not limit our analysis to participants randomized to placebo or alternative least intensive treatment condition.

At The Edge Of The Circle: Willa Cather And American Arts Communities, Andrew W. Jewell

Department of English: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

During the pivotal years of Willa Cather's artistic development, she regularly engaged a variety of American arts communities that encouraged, challenged, and influenced her work and professional growth. Her interactions with these communities were an effort to locate a sustainable, meaningful relationship to her fellow artists. This dissertation explores her efforts by analyzing the character of the communities, chronicling Cather’s involvement within them, and interpreting the impact on Cather’s life and work.

After the Introduction, the chapters are organized to follow Cather as she experimented with various communal forms and developed her own relationship to the literary scene. Chapter one …

The Relationship Between Political Cynicism And Right-Wing Authoritarianism : A Study Of The Louisville-Jefferson County Merger., Jeremy Reed Porter 1978-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The government's ability to gain and hold a high proportion of citizens' trust is essential to the functioning of an efficient and successful administration at the federal, state, and local levels. This thesis is a quantitative study aimed at finding possible explanations for differences in levels of political cynicism. One possible explanation, right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), is the subject of this study. Furthermore, the study aims to link the variables to the 2000 Louisville-Jefferson County merger. The data for this study were collected from 802 respondents residing in the Metro Louisville area using a random technique via the 2004 Louisville Metro …

The Roles Of Pancreatic Beta Cell Antioxidants In Islet Transplantation And Type 1 Diabetes., Xiaoyan Li

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pancreatic beta cells are extremely vulnerable to destruction by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). In type 1 diabetes and islet transplantation ROS are thought to be involved in the loss of beta cells. To test the role of antioxidant in islet transplantation. In our lab we have determined that transgenic overexpression of the antioxidant protein metallothionein (MT) in pancreatic beta cells provides broad resistance to oxidative stress by scavenging most kinds of ROS. A direct test of hypoxia/reperfusion sensitivity was shown that MT markedly reduced ROS production and improved islet cell survival. Furthermore, in both syngeneic transplantation and allotransplantation, MT islets …

Research-Supported Professional Development Perceptions Of K-12 Educators Of Self-Determined Professional Development Needs, Robert T. Grosz

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of involvement of K-12 educators in a Minnesota district in research-supported professional development (RSPD), to determine the perceived needs for future professional development of the same K-12 educators, and to determine whether recent participation in RSPD activities, areas, and approaches impacted the K-12 educators perceived professional development needs and/or wants.

Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was conducted to determine what differences existed in the recent involvement in RSPD activities, areas, and approaches compared by the variables; gender, years of experience as a classroom teacher, current teaching level, and current education …

Institutionalizing Gender And Sexuality In A Call-In Radio Advice Program: A Characterization Of Loveline, Meagan P. Storey

English Theses & Dissertations

Previous studies of advice characterized it as a discourse in which authority is afforded to the giver by virtue of being asked for advice. As an authoritative discourse, advice sets the standards by which interlocutors base their judgments of normalcy. The consequences of these judgments are multiplied when advice is given as part of public, institutional talk, such as with radio call-in programs. This thesis examines how the authoritative discourse of global advice (public, commercial advice) is used to construct and normalize human experiences, specifically gender and sexuality. This study is based on an analysis of ten audio-taped episodes, each …

Application Of Turning Point Theory To Communication Following An Acquired Disability, Katie Neary Dunleavy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Interpersonal relationships are affected when one relational partner acquires a disability. The acquisition of the disability is considered a turning point and the interest of this study is what occurs after the turning point. In particular, this study investigated the satisfaction, emotional support and solidarity of those who have acquired a disability in their life and one of their able-bodied relational partners. The stages of adjustment to a disability were also quantitatively analyzed. Both the participants who acquired a disability and their relational partners completed self-report measures. Difficulties in obtaining participants led to descriptive results. Challenges to a small participant …

Assessment Of A Novel Interview Technique For Improving Young Children's Forensic Reports, Rebecca G. Ryan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study examined a novel interview technique and its effectiveness when administered to 3- to 7-year-old children. This novel interview technique isolated the effects of source-monitoring training (SMT). All of the children in the present study viewed a video of a magic show and after a one-week delay were asked both misleading and accurate questions about the magic show video. After another one-week delay the children were randomly assigned to either the SMT group or the control group. The SMT group received source-monitoring training prior to the final interview about the magic show video. The control group received no …

Adolescents' Perceptions Of Interparental Conflict And The Impact On Their Aggressive Communication Traits, Christine E. Kunkle

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examines the relationship between interparental conflict and adolescents' aggressive communication while utilizing tolerance for disagreement as a mediating variable. Participants were 159 high school students. Participants completed a modified version of the Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (Grych, Seid, & Fincham, 1992), the Argumentativeness Scale (Infante & Rancer, 1982), the Verbal Aggressiveness Scale (Infante & Wigley, 1986), and the Revised Tolerance for Disagreement Scale (Teven, Martin, & Neupauer, 1998). No significant relationships were found between perceived interparental conflict and adolescents' tendencies to approach arguments, adolescents' tendencies to avoid arguments, and adolescents' verbal aggressiveness. When controlling for tolerance …

Effect Of Contextual Variables On Mealtime Problem Behavior In The Natural Environment, Ellen J. Mccartney

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A growing body of research suggests that contingency-based interventions are effective for decreasing mealtime problem behavior and increasing the amount and variety of food accepted. To date, two published studies have examined the effects of specific contextual variables (food type and texture or session pre-feeding) on mealtime behavior. Research with problem behavior occurring outside of mealtime suggests that problem behavior may often be under the control of contextual or contextual variables. The purpose of this study was to further evaluate the effect of contextual variables on mealtime behavior. Four children and their caregivers served as participants in both Phases 1 …

School Vouchers, State Constitutions, And Free Speech, Peter H. Hanna

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Imaging Connection August 2004, Chester F. Carlson Center For Imaging Science

RIT Digital Archives

CIS Welcomes Dr. Stefi Baum||CIS Undergraduates and High School Interns Collect Spectral Data for Auto Paint Research||Imaging Science Students Contribute to Homeland Security Technologies||On-Line MS Program Offers More Job Opportunities||Color Science Techniques Used to “Turn Back the Clock” on Aging Works of Art

Sastra Wulang Dari Abad Xix: Serat Candrarini Suatu Kajian Budaya, Parwatri Wahjono

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

The Book of Candrarini is an ethic didactical book for women in polygamist system, for the eternity of her marriage. It was a disgrace that a woman divorced. This book was the masterpiece of it’s era, written in 1860 in the glory of feodalism in Surakarta, where the authority, high officials and the very peoples did polygamy. That is why His Majesty Paku Buwana IX had Ranggawarsita to write an ethic didactic for women, with the five wives of Arjuna as the model: three princesses and two daughters of priest with very nice performance and gentle behaviour. They lived in …

Dialectics In Mother-Child Relationships Among First-Generation Asian Indian Women In The United States, Chitra Akkoor

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of Asian Indian immigrant women raising children in the U.S. as value contradictions between Asian Indian culture and U.S. culture. Relational dialectics in parent-child relationships among Asian Indian immigrant women and their children was also explored using the dialectcial perspective. Participants for the study were 20 Asian Indian women chosen randomly from the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek (MI) AI community who participated in one-one-interviews. Results of the study showed that participants experienced value contradictions in child-rearing. All four contradictions addressed in research on relational dialectics were also discovered in the context of …