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Impulsivity And Smoking Relapse, Neal Doran, Bonnie Spring, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Michele Pergadia, Malia Richmond

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Previous research has shown that elevated trait-impulsivity heightens the risk for initiating tobacco use and indicates that nicotine may be disproportionately rewarding for more impulsive persons. However, the influence of impulsivity on the ability to maintain nicotine abstinence has not been studied. The present study tested the hypothesis that a higher level of trait-impulsivity would predict a more rapid relapse to smoking following 48 hr of nicotine abstinence. Participants were euthymic, regular smokers (N=45), with a history of at least one major depressive episode, who participated in a paid smoking cessation study with biological challenge (tryptophan depletion). Treatment …

Avid Program Graduates: Negotiating The First Year Of College, Leslie J. Hays Edd

Dissertations

Although the Advancement Via Individual Determination (AVID) program has been operating in San Diego County for more than twenty years, there was a lack of research investigating how AVID program graduates experienced the transition to college. A well-established positive correlation between acceptances to four-year universities by AVID program graduates exists, but research on AVID lacked individual student narrative needed to give more depth to the data. The purpose of this case study was to investigate the transition experiences of AVID program graduates who were beginning their second year of college at competitive four-year public universities. All eight participants, in the …

School Of Music Recital Programs From 2004 To 2005, Wright State University School Of Music

School of Music Printed Programs

This is a collection of programs from a variety concerts, recitals, and other performances previously held at Wright State University during the 2004 to 2005 school year.

Central Florida Future, Vol. 37 Orientation 2004

Central Florida Future

Welcome home! What's inside: Find out who you need to know. where to go and how to have fun in Orlando; From flags to 'fros: Last year's top stories; A whole different ballgame: Football team headlines conference farewell tour.

Antisocial Personality Disorder And Psychopathy: Characterological And Behavioral Criteria, Megan Kay Null

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The current diagnostic criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) have been criticized for being too behavioral and not sufficiently tied to the historical concept of a psychopathic character. Research suggests that clinicians may not find the current diagnostic criteria useful and that a different set of criteria may be more descriptive of the way they conceptualize ASPD. In addition, questions remain as to the relationship between ASPD and psychopathy (PP). The current study examined clinicians' prototypes of ASPD and PP to determine which criteria are most consistent with how clinicians conceptualize these constructs and to determine whether ASPD and PP …

Responses Of Flight Nurses To Catastrophic Events, Gene L. Olsen

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine for the presence of symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of flight nurses. Also examined were the coping mechanisms used by the sample to ameliorate the stressors associated with performing the role of the flight nurse, as well as the relationship between the symptoms and the coping mechanisms identified by the sample. Data were collected by questionnaires sent to a randomly selected national sample of 350 flight nurses who belong to the Air and Surface Transport Nurses Association.

Of the 101 participants, intrusion was found to be most …

Intercultural Knowledge And Skills In Social Service Work With Refugees: Perspectives From Providers And Recipients Of Service, Katherine Amy Phillips

Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative research study examined how social service providers and refugee recipients of public social services in a small city in an upper mid-western state described the intercultural knowledge and skills they felt were necessary for effective provision of services to refugees. The study sought to add to a body of knowledge related to the concept of “cultural competence,” a concept that has received increasing attention in human service fields over the past twenty years. Lum (1999) describes cultural competence as an outcome goal “related to the master of cultural awareness, knowledge acquisition, skill development, and inductive learning” (p. 12). …

Spirituality And Coping: Caregivers Of Spouses Afflicted With Alzheimer's, Khalil A. Sakalla

Theses and Dissertations

Caring for a loved one with Alzheimer’s disease can be one of the biggest commitments a spouse will make and the most difficult experience to undertake. Undesired surprises of old age such as a spouse’s affliction with Alzheimer’s disease can increase the individual’s psychological distress and hinder his or her ability to cope with stressful situations. Religious and spiritual beliefs, activities and experience are believed to help distressed individuals bring emotional equilibrium into their lives.

In this study, I explored the influence of spiritual well-being, also religious wellbeing and existential well-being, on task-, emotion-, and avoidance-oriented coping among caregivers challenged …

Instructor On Demand: Can Online Delivery Of Lectures Promote Learning Achievement?, Rebecca Ann Martindale

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Reported enrollments of students taking online courses in institutes of higher learning in the 2000-01 academic years were estimated at 3.077 million, according to the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Educational Statistics (NCES). Dramatic enrollment increases have led to a need for research that involves both the comparison of learning achievement based on delivery mediums, and student attitudes concerning alternative delivery methods. This study compared the learning achievement of students when the deliveries of course lectures were presented both in-class and online, as well as measured attitudes of students concerning delivery mediums. Both types of lectures were presented …

Speech/Language And Social Behavior Performance As Predictors Of Literacy Acquisition In Children With Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol Effects, Kristen Ann Runge

Theses and Dissertations

This study was a review of existing case files and focused on the struggles of one particular segment of the special needs student population and the challenges that educators face as they attempt to engage them in meaningful learning experiences. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAS/FAE) are completely preventable; yet, their presence in classrooms remains high and bears profound implications for educators. This study examined the specific relationships between FAS/FAE and literacy acquisition in children. Specific variables of children with FAS/FAE were considered. They included IQ, speech/language development, and social behavior performance.

Hypotheses guiding this study were the following:

1. Evidence …

Constructions Of Female Identities In Mary Gordon's The Other Side And Maureen Howard's Before My Time, Neli Gogovska

Theses and Dissertations

In Women's Time Kristeva designates three broad currents of feminist struggle: first, the suffragist movement declaring a universalist view of women's experience regardless of class, age, and cultures; second, the phase of difference, that she regards as "returning to an archaic (mythic) memory as well as cyclical or monumental temporality of marginal movements" (355); and third, a trend that she wholeheartedly supports for their concept that "the dichotomy of man and woman as an opposition of two rival entities is a problem of metaphysics" (366).

This thesis discusses Howard and Gordon as proponents of the second phase because they write …

Inside Unlv, Cate Weeks, Carol C. Harter, Diane Russell, Holly Ivy De Vore

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Outsourcing Household Tasks In 1973-2002 Among The Working Mothers Of America, Mahmoud Mahmoud Khaial

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

The United States has 70 percent of married mothers and 79 percent of single mothers with children under the age of 18 participating in the work force (U.S. Census Bureau, 2002). Most women in the labor force work primarily because the family needs the money. Because of the decline in real family income over the past two decades, most families find it essential for both parents to work to support them at a level that used to be achieved by one wage-earner, and in many families two earners are required to keep the family out of poverty. As a result …

Transforming The Fairytale: A Diachronic Study Of Utopias Of Popular Romance, Deborah A. Jossart

Theses and Dissertations

Popular romance novels have been examined by a number of critics over the past several decades, but each of these studies has analyzed texts within a fixed, synchronic context. Such analyses, while useful, fail to provide the same depth and breadth of a study of a popular culture genre that combines both synchronic and diachronic approaches. This study evaluates the popular romance novels produced during three distinct historical moments: the early mass-market romance novel, popular during the 1960s and 70s; the contemporary erotic romance novel, produced from the 1980s until currently; and the “chick-lit” sub-genre of popular romance, currently rising …

The Influence Of Menarche On Fathers' Perceptions Of Father-Daughter Relationships, Jennifer L. Mueller

Theses and Dissertations

Adolescence is a time of transformation for a young girl and her relationships with her parents. One way to conceptualize the evolving dynamics between father and adolescent daughter is to use the Circumplex Model of Marital and Family Systems. The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in relationships between fathers and their premenarchal daughters, girls who have not had their first menstrual period, compared to fathers and postmenarchal daughters, girls who have experienced their first menstrual period. The participants completed three questionnaires. The Demographic questionnaire included general demographic questions in order to learn more about the participants. …

Experiential Career Exploration: Qualitative Examination Of A Group-Based Intervention, Rhanda B. Clow

Theses and Dissertations

This study explores the self-reported experience of vocationally stalled adults transitioning from welfare to work as reported on the Session Impact Scale and uses Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) to analyze their observed in-the-moment interactions in an experiential career preparation intervention. The analysis resulted in five domains, Affiliation, Barriers, New Knowledge, Isolated Noteworthy Events, and Negative Impacts, and 20 categories. Implications for the practice of career counseling as well as the training of those who work with transitioning assistance recipients and vocationally stalled adults are discussed. Suggestions for further research with this population in the context of career preparation are also …

An International Service-Learning Experience For Physical Therapy Students: Its Meaning And Effect On Civic Engagement And Leadership Skills, Mary K. Dockter

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this 2-part study was to investigate the impact of an international service-learning experience (SOLE) on physical therapy (PT) students. The quantitative component compared outcomes relating to civic attitude, interpersonal and problem-solving skills, political awareness, leadership skills, social justice attitudes, and diversity attitudes of PT students who participated in the SOLE to PT students who did not participate. The qualitative portion asked the following questions: 1) What beliefs and attitudes did PT students gain from an international service-learning experience? and 2) Did an international service-learning experience assist the PT student in assuming the role of a servant leader? …

The Section 504 Process In Middle Schools: Perspectives Of Parents, Teachers, And Section 504 Coordinators, Kari S. Chiasson

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions, experiences, and actions/interactions of teachers, parents, and Section 504 coordinators regarding the development and implementation of the Section 504 process for children in middle schools who have attention deficit disorder (ADD), attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), or central auditory processing disorder (CAPD). This study provided an opportunity to explain or predict specific aspects of the Section 504 process, offer insight, enhance understanding, and provide a meaning for those involved in the Section 504 process.

This qualitative study utilized methodologies associated with a grounded theory approach through in-depth interviews. The first …

Conflicted Interests, Contested Terrain: Journalism Ethics Codes Then And Now, Lee Wilkins, Bonnie Brennen

College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications

By analyzing ethics codes, a professional statement of what constitutes good work, this essay links codes to a theory of culture and history. It considers two early journalism ethics codes and assesses the latest New York Times code in the light of philosophical theory. The paper suggests that professional tensions outlined in Good Work are reified in the Times code—and that history and culture may be less supportive of a positive outcome of this struggle over values than the insights of psychology might suggest.

Testing The Robustness Of A Risk Information Processing Model, Robert J. Griffin, Maria Powell, Sharon Dunwoody, Kurt Neuwirth, Vladimir Novotny

College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications

Two survey data sets test a model of Risk Information Seeking and Processing, informed by Eagly and Chaiken’s (1993) Heuristic-Systematic model, that describes characteristics of individuals that predispose them to seek and process information about health and environmental risks in different ways. Results indicate that information insufficiency relates positively with active seeking and systematic processing of risk information and negatively with avoidance and heuristic processing of it. Individuals are more likely to process systematically if they believe that media channels contain essential validity cues.

Testing The Robustness Of A Risk Information Processing Model, Robert J. Griffin, Maria Powell, Sharon Dunwoody, Kurt Neuwirth, David E. Clark, Vladimir Novotny

College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications

Two survey data sets test a model of Risk Information Seeking and Processing, informed by Eagly and Chaiken’s (1993) Heuristic-Systematic model, that describes characteristics of individuals that predispose them to seek and process information about health and environmental risks in different ways. Results indicate that information insufficiency relates positively with active seeking and systematic processing of risk information and negatively with avoidance and heuristic processing of it. Individuals are more likely to process systematically if they believe that media channels contain essential validity cues.

Traumatic Brain Injury: Personal Experience With Employment Services, And Supports Rural North Dakota, Robin F. Medalen

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Remembering The Role Of Justice In Resolution: Insights From Procedural And Social Justice Theories, Nancy A. Welsh

Faculty Scholarship

It is surely a luxury, at this point in the field of dispute resolution, to be invited to identify those concepts that I view as absolutely essential to our canon. Borrowing a bit from Chris Guthrie's wine illustration, I think it is fair to suggest that today's presentations reveal a very impressive wine cellar, with many bottles of fine wine from which to choose. I will spotlight one part of this wine cellar, where concepts regarding procedural and social justice theories can be found. I will focus primarily on procedural justice but will also reference those theories of social justice …

Perceptions Of Monteverde Youth (14-18 Years Of Age) Towards Pro- And Anti-Tobacco Advertising In Costa Rica, August 2004, Joanne Lee, Sandra Oh, Diana Oliva, Susan Walker, Myriam Scally

Monteverde Institute: Culture, Community, and Health

A study on the youth perceptions of tobacco advertising in the Monteverde region of Costa Rica. Although health risks associated with tobacco use are well documented in the world, tobacco companies continue to seek new smokers to increase sales. As a result, youth have been one of the main targets of tobacco advertising because smokers usually begin smoking in their teen years. This study focused on the youth perceptions of tobacco advertising in the Monteverde region of Costa Rica. Our hypothesis states that while pro-tobacco advertisements attract the attention of youth (between ages 14 and 18 years) to become smokers …

Examining The Meaning And Experience Of Self-Determination And Its Impact On Quality Of Life For Individuals With Cognitive Disabilities, Carol Marie Sundberg

Dissertations

There is a national agenda for advancing self-determination for persons with disabilities. Broadly defined, self-determination means having control over ones own life. The purpose of this research was to gain a better understanding of self-determination and its effect on the quality of life of persons with cognitive disabilities. A qualitative, phenomenological approach was selected. Ten individuals from a community mental health system in southwest Michigan participated in the study. Participants had a developmental disability and were dependent on others for their care. The research combined qualitative interviews with behavioral observations and proxy interviewing, and included the audiotaping of those interviews. …

Instructing Teachers Of Children With Disabilities Within The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter-Day Saints, Katie E. Sampson

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates benefits of in-service training on LDS primary teachers' ability to state an objective, obtain and keep attention, use wait time, incorporate active participation, teach to the multiple intelligences, and employ positive behavior management techniques. Two groups of 30 viewed either a video-tape or read a handout. Pre and post surveys were used to determine mean gain.
Using an ANCOVA, comparisons were made of overall mean gain for each group. Results showed participants made a gain of approximately 1/2 point per question on a 4-point scale on the video and the handout (video gain = .6032 p<.01; handout gain = .6264 p<.01). The results of this study support the hypothesis that teachers receiving one in-service will increase their perception of their ability to teach students with special needs.

Settling Significant Cases, Jeffrey R. Seul

Washington Law Review

Negotiation, mediation, and other consensus-based alternatives to litigation are most often studied and defended in the context of ordinary disputes, in which liability and distributive issues are contested, but the background norms that govern the outcome of a lawsuit are not. Many consider adjudication to be the only acceptable process for addressing "significant cases": disputes about abortion, school prayer, the environment, and other value-laden issues in which background norms are contested. I argue that this perspective is ironic because litigation, like negotiation, entails compromise. Litigation is a lottery in which the substantive values a party seeks to defend, and which …

Book Reviews, Parameters Editors

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

From Violence-Prone To Violence-Prepared Organizations Assessing The Role Of Human Resources Management In Preventing Workplace Violence In American City Governments, Saleh Abdel Rahman Ahmed

Dissertations

Violence is a significant occupational hazard in the American workplace. Nearly a thousand employees are murdered on the job each year and workplacehomicide has become the leading cause of death for women and the second for men. From 1993 to 1999, there were an average of 1.7 million nonfatal violent victimizations each year, accounting for 18% of all violent crime. Although government employees accounted for 18% of the U.S. workforce, they made up 37% of workplace violence victims.

A review of literature found no unified definition of workplace violence. Recent scientific research regarding this problem is rare, despite its increasing …

Examining The Behavioral And Physiological Components Of Communication Skills Training With Married Couples: Are Differential Effects Mediated By The Topic Discussed And Initial Level Of Marital Distress?, Tara L. Cornelius

Dissertations

The purpose of the present study was to experimentally examine the effects of the Speaker-Listener technique when the couple was instructed to either (a) discuss an issue within, or (b) outside the marriage, on couples’ initial and long-term levels of marital distress and satisfaction. This study was designed to examine Gottman, et al. (1998) hypothesis that the Speaker-Listener skills training technique may be effective and lead to improved levels of marital satisfaction when the couple is complaining about a third party, but complaining about each other may become divisive and weaken the marital relationship, and that such an effect would …