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2004

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A Case Study Of Senior Students' Perceptions Of Factors That Shape Aspirations In One Low-Income Rural Iowa High School, Louise Elizabeth Esveld Jan 2004

A Case Study Of Senior Students' Perceptions Of Factors That Shape Aspirations In One Low-Income Rural Iowa High School, Louise Elizabeth Esveld

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Rural Iowa high school graduates from districts enrolling fewer than 600 students are more likely than their more urban peers to be economically disadvantaged as measured by eligibility for free and reduced cost meals. They are also less likely to aspire to high levels of educational attainment. Over the last decade, the percentage of graduates from small, rural schools intending to pursue any postsecondary education or training has approached or exceeded the percentage in more urban districts. However, among rural graduates with postsecondary intentions, the ranks of those students planning to pursue a four-year degree or higher remain disproportionately thin. …

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The Role Of Well-Being, Joseph Raz Jan 2004

The Role Of Well-Being, Joseph Raz

Faculty Scholarship

"Well-being" signifies the good life, the life which is good for the person whose life it is. I have argued that well-being consists in a wholehearted and successful pursuit of valuable relationships and goals. This view, a little modified, is defended , but the main aim of the article is to consider the role of well-being in practical thought. In particular I will examine a suggestion which says that when we care about people, and when we ought to care about people, what we do, or ought to, care about is their well-being. The suggestion is indifferent to who cares …

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The Psychometric Properties Of The Inner Strength Questionnaire For Women With Chronic Health Conditions, Kristi Leanne Lewis Jan 2004

The Psychometric Properties Of The Inner Strength Questionnaire For Women With Chronic Health Conditions, Kristi Leanne Lewis

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to develop and test an instrument to measure or quantify the construct of inner strength. Inner strength was synthesized into a theory based on twelve years of qualitative data from direct participant quotes, defined by Roux et al. (2002) as a central human resource that promotes well-being and healing. The inner strength questionnaire (ISQ) has undergone extensive psychometric evaluation which resulted in several versions. The third version had 37-items and was believed to have four subscales that mirrored the theoretical themes that emerged through the qualitative data. The sample was composed of 281 women …

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Spatial Diffusion Model For Simulation Of Urban Land Cover Change, Yuming Wen Jan 2004

Spatial Diffusion Model For Simulation Of Urban Land Cover Change, Yuming Wen

Open Access Dissertations

Spatial diffusion is a stochastic spatio-temporal process. Spatial diffusion phenomena occur because of the existence of a concentration gradient of information or material flow. At a regional level, most human-induced land-use and land-cover change, including urban land-cover change, can be considered as a spatial diffusion process. In this research, a spatial diffusion (SDIF) model has been developed to simulate urban land cover change at a regional level. This research aims to establish a theoretical framework for spatial diffusion modeling and build a spatial diffusion modeling system for simulation of urban land-cover change. The Chicago metropolitan region was selected as the …

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Ac Conductivity And Dielectric Study Of Chalcogenide Glasses Of Se-Te-Ge System, Fathy Salman Jan 2004

Ac Conductivity And Dielectric Study Of Chalcogenide Glasses Of Se-Te-Ge System, Fathy Salman

Turkish Journal of Physics

The ac conductivity and dielectric properties of glassy system Se_{x}Te_{79 - x}Ge_{21}, with x = 11, 14, 17 at.%, has been studied at temperatures 300 to 450 K and over a wide range of frequencies (50 Hz to 500 kHz). Experimental results indicate that the ac conductivity and the dielectric constants depend on temperature, frequency and Se content. The conductivity as a function of frequency exhibited two components: dc conductivity \sigma _{dc}, and ac conductivity \sigma _{ac}, where \sigma _{ac} \sim \omega ^{s}. The mechanism of ac conductivity can be reasonably interpreted in terms of the correlated barrier hopping model …

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Design And Preparation Of Antireflection And Reflection Optical Coatings, Özlem Duyar, H. Zafer Durusoy Jan 2004

Design And Preparation Of Antireflection And Reflection Optical Coatings, Özlem Duyar, H. Zafer Durusoy

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this study, reflective and antireflective coatings were designed and simulated. Optical transmission and reflection values were deduced with a matrix formulation via a personal computer. It was found that the number of layers affects the optical performance. The width of the high-reflectance region in the reflectance curves decreases, while its height increases with the increasing number of layers for the reflective coating design. The antireflection coatings transmit about 99.89% in a broad high-pass band at the central wavelength of \lambda_{0} = 450 nm. In addition, simulated Fabry-Perot filters result in a single sharp transmittance peak at the desired central …

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Effects Of Low Tide Rainfall On Intertidal Zone Material Cycling, Raymond Torres, Miguel A. Goni, George Voulgaris, Charles R. Lovell, James T. Morris Jan 2004

Effects Of Low Tide Rainfall On Intertidal Zone Material Cycling, Raymond Torres, Miguel A. Goni, George Voulgaris, Charles R. Lovell, James T. Morris

Faculty Publications

Sediment transport by rainfall-runoff processes is well documented for terrestrial landscapes but few studies have focused on rainfall-runoff effects in intertidal areas. Here we present geochemical analyses performed on sediment samples collected during low tide irrigation experiments, and tidal channel turbidity measurements taken during natural rainfall over North Inlet Marsh, South Carolina. Order of magnitude approximations indicate that a single 10 minute storm may entrain 8-15% of the local annual average sediment accumulation. This rainfall-entrained material is enriched in organic nitrogen and marine algal matter, and therefore of high nutritional quality.

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Automated Synthesis Of Virtualblocks For Interfacing System Under Test, Andrew Hai Liang She Jan 2004

Automated Synthesis Of Virtualblocks For Interfacing System Under Test, Andrew Hai Liang She

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

In this thesis, I/O signal recognizers, called VIRTUALBLOCKS, are synthesized to interface with a SYSTEM UNDER TEST (SUT). Methods for automated synthesis of virtualblocks allow us to simulate environment interfaces with SUT and also perform fault detection on SUT. Such methods must be able to recognize incoming sequences of signals from SUT, and upon the signal recognition determine the proper outgoing sequences of signals to SUT. We characterize our systems into four distinctive systems: system under test, AUXILIARY SYSTEM, controller and external environment. The auxiliary system is represented as a form of condition system Petri net (virtualblocks) and interacts with …

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Control Synthesis In Colored Condition Systems, Praveen Mandavilli Jan 2004

Control Synthesis In Colored Condition Systems, Praveen Mandavilli

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

With complex systems, monolithic models become impractical and it becomes necessary to model them through subsystems and components. Unless these components and subsystems are structured, exploiting them in a methodical manner to develop a control logic for them also becomes complex. In the previous research, to characterize the input/output behavior of discrete state interacting, systems a condition language framework was defined and algorithms that can automatically generate a controller given the system model and the desired specification using this framework were presented. Though this framework and the control algorithms are ideally suited to simple systems, representation of components with large …

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Robust Generic Model Control For Parameter Interval Systems, Joseph Michael Istre Jan 2004

Robust Generic Model Control For Parameter Interval Systems, Joseph Michael Istre

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

A multivariable control technique is proposed for a type of nonlinear system with parameter intervals. The control is based upon the feedback linearization scheme called Generic Model Control, and alters the control calculation by utilizing parameter intervals, employing an adaptive step, averaging control predictions, and applying an interval problem solution. The proposed approach is applied in controlling both a linear and a nonlinear arc welding system as well in other simulations of scalar and multivariable systems.

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Organizational Economics And The Food Processing Industry, Benjamin M. Tirrell Jan 2004

Organizational Economics And The Food Processing Industry, Benjamin M. Tirrell

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The food processing industry is dominated by large corporations. These firms play a critical role in forming the derived demand faced by agricultural producers, but little is understood about how these companies make strategic choices. Organizational economics provides a framework for exploring the firm's decision process. However, several theories exist in this discipline, operating in fundamentally different ways. This paper examines the two prevalent organizational theories, Transaction Cost Economics and Agency Theory, through a study of the food processing industry. This sector is thoroughly analyzed in order to make predictions from each theory regarding the aspects of capital structure and …

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Can Science Methods Really Be Taught On-Line?, W. M. Frazier Jan 2004

Can Science Methods Really Be Taught On-Line?, W. M. Frazier

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

In this paper, the process in which both project-based curriculum strategies and Blackboard web-based technology were utilized to develop on-line methods courses to prepare science teachers is described. A discussion of the curriculum design process includes a rationale for using project-based instruction in methods courses, along with a rationale for using Blackboard, a web-based technology, as the environment for the course. The course‘s potential for creating highly qualified science teachers as defined by the No Child Left Behind legislation of 2001 and the National Science Teacher Association‘s Standards for Science Teacher Preparation will be explored [1].

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History Of A Problem Solving Course For Pre-Service K-8 Teachers, J. Fitzgerald Jan 2004

History Of A Problem Solving Course For Pre-Service K-8 Teachers, J. Fitzgerald

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

James Madison University's mathematics course in problem solving for prospective K-8 teachers has gone through many changes since we introduced it as a course for prospective middle school teachers four years ago. This paper will discuss the original design of the course, the changes made and their reasons, and the current state of the course.

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First Steps Toward Change In Teacher Preparation For Elementary Science, C. Klevickis, R. Kolvoord, M. Handley, K. Giovanetti, D. Peterson, T. Daughtrey, S. Fairchild Jan 2004

First Steps Toward Change In Teacher Preparation For Elementary Science, C. Klevickis, R. Kolvoord, M. Handley, K. Giovanetti, D. Peterson, T. Daughtrey, S. Fairchild

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

Unless introductory undergraduate science classes for prospective elementary teachers actively incorporate the philosophy of inquiry-based learning called for in K-l2 science education refom little will change in elementary science education. Thus, at James Madison University, we have developed a new integrated science core curriculum called Understanding our World [1]. This course sequence was not only designed to fulfill general education science requirements. but also to focus on content areas our students will need to know as teachers. The objectives of these courses are based on the National Science Education Standards and Virginia’s Science Standards of Learning, including earth and space …

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Hands-On Physical Science For In-Service Teachers, J. Mcdonnough, S. Mckelvey, A. Baski, D. Lewis Jan 2004

Hands-On Physical Science For In-Service Teachers, J. Mcdonnough, S. Mckelvey, A. Baski, D. Lewis

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

The initiation of the Virginia Commonwealth University B.S. in Science program was reported in this journal Fall 1999 as a program designed to meet the academic content major of a teacher preparation program for elementary and middle school mathematics and science teachers [1]. This paper reports the current status of the interdisciplinary B.S. in Science degree program including program enrollment data and trends. Also described are refinements in the required curriculum, which include a newly developed geometry, a mathematical computing course, and an emerging teaching technology course featuring graphing calculators, CBLs, and computer software applications.

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Helping Provisionally Licensed Middle School Science Teachers, J. J. Matkins, D. R. Sterling, A. Kitsantas Jan 2004

Helping Provisionally Licensed Middle School Science Teachers, J. J. Matkins, D. R. Sterling, A. Kitsantas

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

The New Science Teachers' Support Network is a National Science Foundation-funded project that provides a multifaceted support system to provisionally licensed middle and high school science teachers.The teachers in this project were all hired to teach science, and had science degrees, but had little or no education coursework or background. Research is being conducted on the effectiveness of the support system we employed for these teachers, particularly on the factors that characterize the practice of new teachers, and on factors that lead to teacher success and teacher retention. In this paper, we describe the design of the study and the …

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Aligning Mathematics Curriculum To Create Potential For Active Learning In Pre-K Through Eighth Grade Teacher Education, G. E. Parker Jan 2004

Aligning Mathematics Curriculum To Create Potential For Active Learning In Pre-K Through Eighth Grade Teacher Education, G. E. Parker

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

In this paper, we consider some issues surrounding the teaching of mathematics to pre-service teachers. In particular. we look at the possibilities for teaching elementary mathematics from an advanced standpoint and alignments of curriculum that have the capacity to enhance student involvement in the making of the mathematics.The particulars of the James Madison University curriculum are used to illustrate many of the points.

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Rapporteur's Report, W. E. Haver Jan 2004

Rapporteur's Report, W. E. Haver

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

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Reaching Deep In Math (Developing Educational Excellence And Proficiency In Mathematics), R. D. Anderson Jan 2004

Reaching Deep In Math (Developing Educational Excellence And Proficiency In Mathematics), R. D. Anderson

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

This paper describes the DEEP in Math Program developed in the academic year 1998-1999 from a collaborative effort of the Louisiana Systemic lnitiative Program (LaSlP) and the Louisiana Department of Education (LDE). It includes evidence of impressive results in low achieving schools and in high-poverty districts targeted by the effort. The plan was for LaSlP to give intensive content and leadership training in Summer 1999 and academic year 1999-2000 to carefully selected. well-qualified math leaders. These leaders were then employed full-time in the 1999-2000 academic year and beyond by their local education authorities to work with all math teachers in …

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Student Work Section, R. Howard Jan 2004

Student Work Section, R. Howard

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

No abstract provided.

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Analysis Of Socio-Economic Factors In Correlation To Standardized Educational Test Scores, M. F. Connolly Jan 2004

Analysis Of Socio-Economic Factors In Correlation To Standardized Educational Test Scores, M. F. Connolly

Journal of Mathematics and Science: Collaborative Explorations

This paper describes the analysis of socio-eeonomic factors in correlation to standardized educational test scores. The scores used were from the Elementary School Proficiency Assessment exam distributed to fourth graders in New Jersey during the years 1999, 200l- 2003 [1-4]. The socio—economie factors are from the 2000 United States Census [5]. Simple regression and other statistical equations were used to compare the data from both sources with Microsoft Excel as a programming tool to perform the analysis.

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Wavelet And Sine Based Analysis Of Print Quality Evaluations, Vijay Venkatesh Mahalingam Jan 2004

Wavelet And Sine Based Analysis Of Print Quality Evaluations, Vijay Venkatesh Mahalingam

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Recent advances in imaging technology have resulted in a proliferation of images across different media. Before it reaches the end user, these signals undergo several transformations, which may introduce defects/artifacts that affect the perceived image quality. In order to design and evaluate these imaging systems, perceived image quality must be measured. This work focuses on analysis of print image defects and characterization of printer artifacts such as banding and graininess by using a human visual system (HVS) based framework. Specifically the work addresses the prediction of visibility of print defects (banding and graininess) by representing the print defects in terms …

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Fpga Based Control Of High Temperature Switched Reluctance Motor For Improving The Input Power Quality, Anush Viswanath Krishnamurthy Jan 2004

Fpga Based Control Of High Temperature Switched Reluctance Motor For Improving The Input Power Quality, Anush Viswanath Krishnamurthy

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

This thesis develops a hardware circuit implementation of a novel algorithm for reducing a SRM drives input current ripple or equivalently to improve the SRM drives input power quality. The algorithm requires the SRMs phase current to follow a trapezoidal trajectory relative to the rotors position with the magnitude of the current dependent on the desired average torque. This thesis deals with the generation of the required current command that is the input to a separate analog current regulator that forces the SRMs current to follow the generated current command. The final circuit design must be capable of operating at …

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A Study In Modeling Low-Conservation Protein Superfamilies, Chang Wang, Stephen Scott, Jun Zhang, Qingping Tao, Dmitri E. Fomenko, Vadim N. Gladyshev Jan 2004

A Study In Modeling Low-Conservation Protein Superfamilies, Chang Wang, Stephen Scott, Jun Zhang, Qingping Tao, Dmitri E. Fomenko, Vadim N. Gladyshev

School of Computing: Technical Reports

We present several algorithms for identification of new proteins in superfamilies with low primary sequence conservation. The low conservation of primary sequence in protein superfamilies such as Thioredoxin-fold (Trx-fold) makes conventional methods such as hidden Markov models (HMMs) difficult to use. Therefore, we use structural properties to build our classifiers. These structural properties include secondary structure patterns as well as various properties of the residues in the protein sequences. We use this information to model proteins via hidden Markov models, support vector machines and algorithms in the multiple-instance learning model. In 20-fold jack-knife tests, some of our models performed well, …

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Variable Rate Execution, Steve Goddard, Xin Liu Jan 2004

Variable Rate Execution, Steve Goddard, Xin Liu

School of Computing: Technical Reports

We present a task model for adaptive real-time tasks in which a task’s execution rate requirements are allowed to change at any time. The model, variable rate execution (VRE), is an extension of the rate-based execution (RBE) model. We relax the constant execution rate assumption of canonical realtime task models by allowing both the worst case execution time (WCET) and the period to be variable. The VRE model also supports tasks joining and leaving the system at any time. Another advantage of the new task model is that the exact execution rate need not be known for soft real-time or …

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A Load-Balancing Spare Capacity Reallocation Approach In Service-Rich Sonet Metro Mesh Networks, Lu Shen, Xi Yang, Byrav Ramamurthy Jan 2004

A Load-Balancing Spare Capacity Reallocation Approach In Service-Rich Sonet Metro Mesh Networks, Lu Shen, Xi Yang, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

The next-generation SONET metro network is evolving into a service-rich infrastructure. At the edge of such a network, multi-service provisioning platforms (MSPPs) provide efficient data mapping enabled by Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) and Virtual Concatenation (VC). The core of the network tends to be a meshed architecture equipped with Multi-Service Switches (MSSs). In the context of these emerging technologies, we propose a load-balancing spare capacity reallocation approach to improve network utilization in the next-generation SONET metro networks. Using our approach, carriers can postpone network upgrades, resulting in increased revenue with reduced capital expenditures (CAPEX). For the first time, we consider …

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A Dynamic Real-Time Scheduling Algorithm For Reduced Energy Consumption, Rohini Krishnapura, Steve Goddard, Ala' Adel Qadi Jan 2004

A Dynamic Real-Time Scheduling Algorithm For Reduced Energy Consumption, Rohini Krishnapura, Steve Goddard, Ala' Adel Qadi

School of Computing: Technical Reports

In embedded real-time systems, Dynamic Power Management (DPM) techniques have traditionally focused on reducing the dynamic power dissipation that occurs when a CMOS gate switches in a processor. Less attention has been given to processor leakage power or power consumed by I/O devices and other subsystems. I/O-based DPM techniques, however, have been extensively researched in non-real-time systems. These techniques focus on switching I/O devices to low power states based on various policies and are not applicable to real-time environments because of the non-deterministic nature of the policies. The challenge in conserving energy in embedded real-time systems is thus to reduce …

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Survivable Virtual Topology Routing Under Shared Risk Link Groups In Wdm Networks, Ajay Todimala, Byrav Ramamurthy Jan 2004

Survivable Virtual Topology Routing Under Shared Risk Link Groups In Wdm Networks, Ajay Todimala, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Network survivability is one of the most important issues in the design of optical WDM networks. In this work we study the problem of survivable routing of a virtual topology on a physical topology with Shared Risk Link Groups (SRLG). The survivable virtual topology routing problem against single-link failures in the physical topology is proved to be NP-complete in [1]. We prove that survivable virtual topology routing problem against SRLG/node failures is also NP-complete. We present an improved integer linear programming (ILP) formulation (in comparison to [1]) for computing the survivable routing under SRLG/node failures. Using an ILP solver, we …

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Rerouting Schemes For Dynamic Traffic Grooming In Optical Wdm Mesh Networks, Wang Yao, Byrav Ramamurthy Jan 2004

Rerouting Schemes For Dynamic Traffic Grooming In Optical Wdm Mesh Networks, Wang Yao, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Traffic grooming in optical WDM mesh networks is a two-layer routing problem to effectively pack low-rate connections onto high-rate lightpaths, which, in turn, are established on wavelength links. In this work, we employ the rerouting approach to improve the network throughput under the dynamic traffic model. We propose two rerouting schemes, rerouting at lightpath level (RRAL) and rerouting at connection level (RRAC). A qualitative comparison is made between RRAL and RRAC. We also propose the critical-wavelength-avoiding one-lightpath-limited (CWA-1L) and critical-lightpath-avoiding one-connection-limited (CLA-1C) rerouting heuristics, which are based on the two rerouting schemes respectively. Simulation results show that rerouting reduces the …

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Special Section On The Algorithmics Of Software Model Checking — Introductory Paper, Matthew Dwyer, Stefan Leue Jan 2004

Special Section On The Algorithmics Of Software Model Checking — Introductory Paper, Matthew Dwyer, Stefan Leue

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

The term “software model checking” has recently been coined to refer to a flourishing area of research in software verification – the formal, automated analysis of program source code. Software model checking is considered an important application of classical model checking, where the model of a software system is analyzed in an automated fashion for compliance with a property specification. While classical model checking assumes the existence of an abstract model of the software system to be analyzed, in software model checking the emphasis is on directly analyzing program code given in a standard programming language, such as Java or …

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