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Universal Jurisdiction: Steps Forward, Steps Back, Naomi Roht-Arriaza

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Mx: Democracy, Religion, And The Rule Of Law-My Journey, Edwin B. Firmage

Utah Law Review

This is my story of the defeat of the MX missile's proposed basing mode in the Great Basin of the West. Where to begin? I'm reflecting on cancer and MX at this moment. About journeys where we would not go but do. Beginnings are not easy, though the first verses of Genesis and John make them sound so. What was the beginning? A speech? An article? A movement or an organization? My beginning with MX was not when a 1980 press conference was finally held and a blue ribbon committee was announced at the Utah State Capitol.

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Space-Time Fading Correlation Functions Of A 3-D Mimo Channel Model, Sang-Yick Leong, Y. Rosa Zheng, Chengshan Xiao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Space-time correlation functions between the links of MIMO Rayleigh fading channels are derived using a new three-dimensional (3-D) cylinder scattering model. Closed form, mathematically tractable formulas are obtained for the space-time correlation functions for general MIMO systems where the base station and mobile station antennas may be arranged in 3-D space. It is shown that the correlation functions computed by the 3-D cylinder model are of significant difference than those of the conventional 2-D Clarke''s isotropic scattering model for vertically placed antennas. The general formulas of the correlation functions includes the 2-D Clarke''s model and the 3-D SIMO, MISO models …

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Supervisory Level Neural Network Identifier For A Small Power System With A Statcom And A Generator, Salman Mohagheghi, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Ronald G. Harley

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A neural network based identifier is designed for effective control of a small power system. The power network in this work is considered from an external point of view, i.e., from a supervisory level. Such a neuroidentifier can serve as a general model of such a plant, and then used for different neural network based control schemes.

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Detection Of Basal Cell Carcinoma Using Electrical Impedance And Neural Networks, Rohit Dua, Daryl G. Beetner, William V. Stoecker, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Variations in electrical impedance over frequency might be used to distinguish basal cell carcinoma (BCC) from benign skin lesions, although the patterns that separate the two are nonobvious. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) may be good pattern classifiers for this application. A preliminary study to show the potential of neural networks to distinguish benign from malignant skin lesions using electrical impedance is presented. Electrical impedance was measured in vivo from 1 kHz to 1 MHz at five virtual depths on 18 BCC and 16 benign or premalignant lesions. A feed-forward neural network was trained using back propagation to classify these lesions. …

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Evolutionary Algorithms, Markov Decision Processes, Adaptive Critic Designs, And Clustering: Commonalities, Hybridization And Performance, Donald C. Wunsch, Samuel A. Mulder

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We briefly review and compare the mathematical formulation of Markov decision processes (MDP) and evolutionary algorithms (EA). In so doing, we observe that the adaptive critic design (ACD) approach to MDP can be viewed as a special form of EA. This leads us to pose pertinent questions about possible expansions of the methodology of ACD. This expansive view of EA is not limited to ACD. We discuss how it is possible to consider the powerful chained Lin Kernighan (chained LK) algorithm for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) as a degenerate case of EA. Finally, we review some recent TSP results, …

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Manipulation Of Microenvironment With A Built-In Electrochemical Actuator In Proximity Of A Dissolved Oxygen Microsensor, Chang-Soo Kim, J. O. Fiering, C. W. Scarantino, H. Troy Nagle, Chae-Hyang Lee, Stefan Ufer

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Biochemical sensors for continuous monitoring require dependable periodic self diagnosis with acceptable simplicity to check its functionality during operation. An in-situ self-diagnostic technique for a dissolved oxygen microsensor is proposed in an effort to devise an intelligent microsensor system with an integrated electrochemical actuation electrode. With a built-in platinum microelectrode that surrounds the microsensor, two kinds of microenvironments, called the oxygen-saturated or oxygen-depleted phases, can be created by water electrolysis, depending on the polarity. The functionality of the microsensor can be checked during these microenvironment phases. The polarographic oxygen microsensor is fabricated on a flexible polyimide substrate (Kapton) and the …

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Experimental Evaluation Of A Nested Microphone Array With Adaptive Noise Cancellers, Y. Rosa Zheng, M. El-Tanany, R. A. Goubran

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper proposes a near-field broadband adaptive beamforming scheme for intelligent computer telephony and teleconferencing applications, namely the nested microphone array with adaptive noise canceller (NMA-ANC). The NMA-ANC scheme incorporates an harmonically nested array with a nonuniformly subbanded multirate filter bank. Each subband array employs several near-field delay-filter-and-sum beamformers and an adaptive noise canceller (ANC). The proposed NMA-ANC is evaluated via a noise rejection experiment and dereverberation experiment performed in an anechoic chamber and a real conference room, respectively. The experiment data are recorded by a multichannel digital recording system developed using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) equipments. A perceptual analysis/measurement system …

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Inference Of Genetic Regulatory Networks With Recurrent Neural Network Models, Rui Xu, Xiao Hu, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Large-scale gene expression data coming from microarray experiments provide us a new means to reveal fundamental cellular processes, investigate functions of genes, and understand relations and interactions among them. To infer genetic regulatory networks from these data with effective computational tools has become increasingly important Several mathematical models, including Boolean networks, Bayesian networks, dynamic Bayesian networks, and linear additive regulation models, have been used to explore the behaviors of regulatory networks. In this paper, we investigate the inference of genetic regulatory networks from time series gene expression in the framework of recurrent neural network model.

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Robust Resource Allocation For Sensor-Actuator Distributed Computing Systems, Shoukat Ali, Jong-Kook Kim, A. A. Maciejewski, Howard Jay Siegel

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This research investigates two distinct issues related to a resource allocation: its robustness and the failure rate of the heuristic used to determine the allocation. The target system consists of a number of sensors feeding a set of heterogeneous applications continuously executing on a set of heterogeneous machines connected together by high-speed heterogeneous links. There are number of quality of service (QoS) constraints that must be satisfied. A heuristic failure occurs if the heuristic cannot find an allocation that allows the system to meet its QoS constraints. The system is expected to operate in an uncertain environment where the workload, …

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The Robustness Of Resource Allocation In Parallel And Distributed Computing Systems, Shoukat Ali, Howard Jay Siegel, A. A. Maciejewski

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper gives an overview of the material to be discussed in the invited keynote presentation by H. J. Siegel. Performing computing and communication tasks on parallel and distributed systems involves the coordinated use of different types of machines, networks, interfaces, and other resources. Decisions about how best to allocate resources are often based on estimated values of task and system parameters, due to uncertainties in the system environment. An important research problem is the development of resource management strategies that can guarantee a particular system performance given such uncertainties. We have designed a methodology for deriving the degree of …

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A Taxonomy Of Network Computing Systems, Muthucumaru Maheswaran, Shoukat Ali

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Rapid advances in networking and microprocessor technologies have led to the emergence of Internet-wide distributed computing systems ranging from simple LAN-based clusters to planetary-scale networks. As these network computing systems evolve by combining the best features of existing systems, differences among NCs are blurring. To address this problem, researchers have proposed formal taxonomies of NC systems. We propose a new taxonomy that is both broad enough to encompass all NC systems and simple enough to be widely used.

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An Intelligent Dissolved Oxygen Microsensor System With Electrochemically Actuated Fluidics, Chang-Soo Kim, Jongwon Park, Xinbo He

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new dissolved oxygen monitoring microsystem is proposed to achieve in situ intelligent self-calibration by using an electrochemically actuated fluidic system. The electrochemical actuation, based on water electrolysis, plays two critical roles in the proposed microsystem. First, the electrochemically generated gases serve as the calibrants for the in situ 2-point calibration/diagnosis procedure of the microsensor in a chip. Secondly, the electrochemical generation and collapse of gas bubbles provide the driving force of the bidirectional fluidic manipulation for sampling and dispensing of the sample solution. A microsystem including a dissolved oxygen microprobe, electrochemical actuators, and a fluidic structure are prepared by …

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Media Studies And The Dialogue Of Democracy, John J. Pauly

College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Death Penalty--An Obstacle To The "War On Terrorism"?, Thomas Michael Mcdonnell

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

September 11 seared our collective memory perhaps even more vividly than December 7, 1941, and has evoked a natural demand both for retribution and for measures to keep us safe. Given the existing statutory and judicial authority for capital punishment, the U.S. Government has to confront the issue whether to seek the death penalty against those who are linked to the suicide attacks or to the organization that sponsored them or both. Meting out the death penalty to international terrorists involves difficult moral, legal, and policy questions. The September 11 crimes were not only domestic crimes, but also international ones. …

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The Case Of The Male Ob-Gyn: A Proposal For Expansion Of The Privacy Bfoq In The Healthcare Context, Emily Gold Waldman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The article proceeds in three main parts. First, it discusses the general case law surrounding customer preferences for a particular gender, looking at the enactment and development of the BFOQ defense, particularly in the context of customer preferences. It argues that the courts' general rejection of the customer preference rationale for BFOQs was entirely appropriate, given that these preferences typically reflected malignant gender biases--most often, chauvinistic attitudes that result in female subordination. Second, the article examines the rise of the privacy BFOQ. It argues that the courts were correct in recognizing the privacy BFOQ, given the qualitatively different nature of …

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Development And Analysis Of A Feedback Treatment Strategy For Parturient Paresis Of Cows, Radhakant Padhi, S. N. Balakrishnan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An intelligent on-line feedback treatment strategy based on nonlinear optimal control theory is presented for the parturient paresis of cows. A limitation in the development of an existing nonlinear mathematical model for the homogeneous system is addressed and further modified to incorporate a control input. A neural network based optimal feedback controller is synthesized for the treatment of the disease. Detailed studies are used to analyze the effectiveness of a feedback medication strategy and it is compared with the current "impulse" strategy. The results show that while the current practice may fail in some cases, especially if it is carried …

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A Theoretical And Numerical Study Of Thin Film Delamination Using The Pull-Off Test, Zuo Sun, Kai-Tak Wan, David A. Dillard

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An accurate closed-form analytical solution for the strain energy release rate for a thin rectangular film loaded by a central line force using the pull-off test is derived in the presence of a tensile residual stress. the theoretical constitutive relation and the strain energy release rate agree very well with two-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis for the entire deformation regime ranging from bending plate to stretching membrane. Fracture modes for this pull-off test are also investigated based upon the finite element analysis, offering additional insights to the interfacial delamination. © 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Harnessing The Treaty Power In Support Of Environmental Regulation Of Activities That Don't "Substantially Affect Interstate Commerce", Katrina Fischer Kuh

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article proposes a framework for applying the treaty power that would accomplish the goal of environmental regulation. This framework would be applied where the President has signed, and Congress has ratified, a treaty and Congress has enacted domestic legislation in some way satisfying the goals or requirements of the treaty. Under this framework, the inquiry into whether the treaty power could appropriately be used by Congress in excess of its Article I, Commerce Clause powers would be indexed to the strength of (1) the contract-like nexus between the necessarily reciprocal requirements and the goals of the treaty and the …

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The Failure Of Ohio's Drug Treatment Initiative, Tamara Karel

Cleveland State Law Review

In the summer of 2002, proponents of Issue 1 "The Ohio Drug Treatment Initiative," (hereafter referred to as the Initiative) succeeded in getting the proposal on the November ballot. The Initiative proposed an amendment to the Ohio Constitution that would have required courts to approve requests for treatment when made by eligible nonviolent drug offenders. The Amendment sought to (1) allocate a fixed amount of the state's General Revenue Fund to pay for the opening and operating of new treatment centers, (2) limit prison sentences for users and possessors to ninety days, and (3) provide for the sealing and expungement …

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The Modern Version Of The Shot Heard 'Round The World: America's Flawed Revolution Against The International Criminal Court And The Rest Of The World, Sasha Markovic

Cleveland State Law Review

At a conference in Rome, nations from around the globe created the International Criminal Court to hold accountable and punish those responsible for genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. When the moment of truth arrived for the United States, the United States opposed the formation of the International Criminal Court. Moreover, in response to the existence of the Court, the United States took measures to insulate itself from the jurisdiction of the Court by enacting the American Servicemembers' Protection Act. The United States justified its opposition and actions against the Court by stating that the Court was a fatally …

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The Private Foundation's Topsy Turvy Road In The American Political Process, William H. Byrnes Iv

Faculty Scholarship

This article studies this American political debate on the charitable tax exemption from 1864 to 1969, in particular, the debate regarding philanthropic, private foundations. The article's premise is that the debate's core has little evolved since that between the 1850s and 1870s. To create perspective, a short brief of the modern economic significance of the foundation sector follows. Thereafter, the article begins with a review of the preand post-colonial attitudes toward charitable institutions leading up to the 1800s debates, illustrating the incongruity of American policy regarding whether and to what extent to grant charities tax exemption. The 1800s state debates …

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A Discrete-Time Model For Triply Selective Mimo Rayleigh Fading Channels, Chengshan Xiao, Jingxian Wu, Sang-Yick Leong, Y. Rosa Zheng, Khaled Ben Letaief

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A statistical discrete-time model is proposed for simulating wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channels which are triply selective due to angle spread, Doppler spread, and delay spread. The new discrete-time MIMO channel model includes the combined effects of the transmit filter, physical MIMO multipath channel fading, and receive filter, and it has the same sampling period as that of the MIMO receiver. This leads to very efficient simulation of physical continuous-time MIMO channels. A new method is also presented to efficiently generate the MIMO channel stochastic coefficients. The statistical accuracy of the discrete-time MIMO channel model is rigorously verified through …

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Adaptive Force-Balancing Control Of Mems Gyroscope With Actuator Limits, Mohammed Hameed, Jagannathan Sarangapani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This work presents an adaptive force-balancing control (AFBC) scheme with actuator limits for a MEMS Z-axis gyroscope. The purpose of the adaptive force-balancing control is to identify major fabrication imperfections so that they are properly compensated unlike the case of conventional force-balancing controlled gyroscope. The proposed AFBC scheme controls the vibratory modes of the proof mass while ensuring that the control input satisfies the magnitude constraints and the performance of the gyroscope is enhanced in the presence of fabrication uncertainties. Consequently, commonly reported problems of MEMS gyroscope such as quadrature compensation, drive and sense axes frequency tuning are not needed …

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Nonconventional Musical Analysis And Disguised Infringement: Clever Musical Tricks To Divide The Wealth Of Tin Pan Alley , Mark Avsec

Cleveland State Law Review

This article argues that "disguised" infringement is oxymoronic and demagogic, and that the "nonconventional" musical analytical techniques employed to diagnose it are misguided. If an expert cannot tell that two pieces of music are similar by traditional methods, that is probably because they are not similar. Part II of this article chronicles the role of the musical expert as it has been carved out over time. Part III exposes the expert's traditional methods for comparing musical compositions. Part IV explores nonconventional analytical techniques, explains why they are misapplied when employed to detect "disguised" plagiarism and illustrates why Judge Frank would …

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The Run For The Roses Meets The First Amendment: An Examination Of Desormeaux V. Kentucky Racing Commission And The Constitutionality Of Prohibitions On Jockey Advertising, William P. Barnette

Cleveland State Law Review

Desormeaux v. Kentucky Racing Commission raises a number of significant First Amendment issues. After providing the background of the case and discussing issues related to jockey advertising, this article will analyze the Desormeaux plaintiffs' claims under a variety of First Amendment doctrines, including: political speech, commercial speech, public employer, and public forum. The article concludes that the jockeys present a strong First Amendment challenge to the regulation as applied in Desormeaux, but that on the larger issue of jockey advertising the Commission has valid arguments in support of the prohibition.

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The Proportionate Trading Model: Real Science Or Junk Science, Brian P. Murray

Cleveland State Law Review

The PTM has all the hallmarks of "real" science, using either a scientists' definition or that of the Daubert Court. From a scientist's perspective, it is a functional paradigm, serving as a working model. The practitioners in the field are engaged in "clean-up," for example, deciding which acceleration factor best fits observed data. Under the Daubert test, the PTM will assist the trier of fact, has been subjected to peer review (unlike the major critique), and has acceptable rates of error and general acceptance. Testifying experts may disagree as to which acceleration factor to use, but that is merely fair …

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Striking A Balance: Finding A Place For Religious Conscience Clauses In Contraceptive Equity Legislation, Staci D. Lowell

Cleveland State Law Review

This note will attempt to address the interrelationship of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act and the First and Fourteenth Amendments in the context of contraceptive equity legislation. To that end, the note will examine states' definitions of a "religious employer" and make recommendations regarding statutory language that is broad enough to cover those organizations with conscientious objections to contraception but narrow enough to allow women to have ready access to contraceptive services. Following this introduction, Part II of the note will provide background information about both contraceptive equity and religious freedom. Part III will discuss current and proposed contraceptive equity legislation …

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Decentralized Control Of Vehicle Formations, Gerardo Lafferriere, Anca Williams, John S. Caughman Iv, J. J. P. Veerman

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper investigates a method for decentralized stabilization of vehicle formations using techniques from algebraic graph theory. The vehicles exchange information according to a pre-specified communication digraph, G. A feedback control is designed using relative information between a vehicle and its in-neighbors in G. We prove that a necessary and sufficient condition for an appropriate decentralized linear stabilizing feedback to exist is that G has a rooted directed spanning tree. We show the direct relationship between the rate of convergence to formation and the eigenvalues of the (directed) Laplacian of G. Various special situations are discussed, including …

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Universal Jurisdiction: Steps Forward, Steps Back, Naomi Roht-Arriaza

Faculty Scholarship

Mx: Democracy, Religion, And The Rule Of Law-My Journey, Edwin B. Firmage

Utah Law Review

Space-Time Fading Correlation Functions Of A 3-D Mimo Channel Model, Sang-Yick Leong, Y. Rosa Zheng, Chengshan Xiao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Supervisory Level Neural Network Identifier For A Small Power System With A Statcom And A Generator, Salman Mohagheghi, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Ronald G. Harley

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Detection Of Basal Cell Carcinoma Using Electrical Impedance And Neural Networks, Rohit Dua, Daryl G. Beetner, William V. Stoecker, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Evolutionary Algorithms, Markov Decision Processes, Adaptive Critic Designs, And Clustering: Commonalities, Hybridization And Performance, Donald C. Wunsch, Samuel A. Mulder

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Manipulation Of Microenvironment With A Built-In Electrochemical Actuator In Proximity Of A Dissolved Oxygen Microsensor, Chang-Soo Kim, J. O. Fiering, C. W. Scarantino, H. Troy Nagle, Chae-Hyang Lee, Stefan Ufer

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Experimental Evaluation Of A Nested Microphone Array With Adaptive Noise Cancellers, Y. Rosa Zheng, M. El-Tanany, R. A. Goubran

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Inference Of Genetic Regulatory Networks With Recurrent Neural Network Models, Rui Xu, Xiao Hu, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Robust Resource Allocation For Sensor-Actuator Distributed Computing Systems, Shoukat Ali, Jong-Kook Kim, A. A. Maciejewski, Howard Jay Siegel

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Robustness Of Resource Allocation In Parallel And Distributed Computing Systems, Shoukat Ali, Howard Jay Siegel, A. A. Maciejewski

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Taxonomy Of Network Computing Systems, Muthucumaru Maheswaran, Shoukat Ali

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An Intelligent Dissolved Oxygen Microsensor System With Electrochemically Actuated Fluidics, Chang-Soo Kim, Jongwon Park, Xinbo He

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Media Studies And The Dialogue Of Democracy, John J. Pauly

College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications

The Death Penalty--An Obstacle To The "War On Terrorism"?, Thomas Michael Mcdonnell

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The Case Of The Male Ob-Gyn: A Proposal For Expansion Of The Privacy Bfoq In The Healthcare Context, Emily Gold Waldman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Development And Analysis Of A Feedback Treatment Strategy For Parturient Paresis Of Cows, Radhakant Padhi, S. N. Balakrishnan

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Theoretical And Numerical Study Of Thin Film Delamination Using The Pull-Off Test, Zuo Sun, Kai-Tak Wan, David A. Dillard

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Harnessing The Treaty Power In Support Of Environmental Regulation Of Activities That Don't "Substantially Affect Interstate Commerce", Katrina Fischer Kuh

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The Failure Of Ohio's Drug Treatment Initiative, Tamara Karel

Cleveland State Law Review

The Modern Version Of The Shot Heard 'Round The World: America's Flawed Revolution Against The International Criminal Court And The Rest Of The World, Sasha Markovic

Cleveland State Law Review

The Private Foundation's Topsy Turvy Road In The American Political Process, William H. Byrnes Iv

Faculty Scholarship

A Discrete-Time Model For Triply Selective Mimo Rayleigh Fading Channels, Chengshan Xiao, Jingxian Wu, Sang-Yick Leong, Y. Rosa Zheng, Khaled Ben Letaief

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Adaptive Force-Balancing Control Of Mems Gyroscope With Actuator Limits, Mohammed Hameed, Jagannathan Sarangapani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Nonconventional Musical Analysis And Disguised Infringement: Clever Musical Tricks To Divide The Wealth Of Tin Pan Alley , Mark Avsec

Cleveland State Law Review

The Run For The Roses Meets The First Amendment: An Examination Of Desormeaux V. Kentucky Racing Commission And The Constitutionality Of Prohibitions On Jockey Advertising, William P. Barnette

Cleveland State Law Review

The Proportionate Trading Model: Real Science Or Junk Science, Brian P. Murray

Cleveland State Law Review

Striking A Balance: Finding A Place For Religious Conscience Clauses In Contraceptive Equity Legislation, Staci D. Lowell

Cleveland State Law Review

Decentralized Control Of Vehicle Formations, Gerardo Lafferriere, Anca Williams, John S. Caughman Iv, J. J. P. Veerman

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Mountain-Plains Consortium Annual Report 2004

UGPTI Mountain Plains Consortium Annual Reports