Digital Commons Network^™

Summer 2004, Merrimack College

Merrimack Magazine

No abstract provided.

Silence Is Golden, Leaden, And Copper, Robert Repetto

Yale School of the Environment Publications Series

No abstract provided.

Spatial Modelling Of Air Pollution In Urban Areas With Gis: A Case Study On Integrated Database Development, L. Matejicek

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A wide range of data collected by monitoring systems and by mathematical and physical modellingcan be managed in the frame of spatial models developed in the GIS. In addition to data management andstandard environmental analysis of air pollution, data from remote sensing (aerial and satellite images) canextend all the data sets. In spite of that simulation of air pollutant distribution is carried out by standalonecomputer systems, the spatial database in the frame of the GIS is used to support decision-making processesin a more efficient way. Mostly, data are included in the map layers as attributes. Other map layers are carriedout …

Globalization’S Effects On The Environment – Boon Or Bane?, Jo Kwong

Center for Applied Economics

In recent years, globalization has become a remarkably polarizing issue. In particular, discussions about globalization and its environmental impacts generate ferocious debate among policy analysts, environmental activists, economists and other opinion leaders. Is globalization a solution to serious economic and social problems of the world? Or is it a profit-motivated process that leads to oppression and exploitation of the world’s less fortunate?

This paper examines alternative perspectives about globalization and the environment. It offers an explanation for the conflicting visions that are frequently expressed and suggests elements of an institutional framework that can align the benefits of globalization with the …

Simulation Of Water And Carbon Fluxes In Agro- And Forest Ecosystems At The Regional Scale, J. Post, Valentina Krysanova, F. Suckow

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

To investigate effects of different land use management practices on carbon fluxes at the regional scale we developed an integrated model by coupling an ecohydrological river basin model SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model) and a soil organic matter model SCN (Soil-Carbon-Nitrogen model). The latter is a submodel of the forest growth model 4C. The extended integrated model combines hydrological processes, crop and vegetation growth, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus cycles and soil organic matter turnover. It is based on a three level spatial disaggregation scheme (basin, subbasin and hydrotopes), whereas a hydrotope is a set of elementary units in the subbasin …

Structured Modeling Technology: A Modeling Environment For Integrated Environmental Assessment, W. Purwasih, Y. Nakamori

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Sound environmental decision-making and assessment require integration of modelingresources such as models and complex tools, large volumes of often disparate and multi-format data fromnumerous sources and effective methods of disseminating and presenting results that allow broad,interactive participation in the assessment and decision-making process. This paper discusses how data sets,models and modeling tools are incorporated into the design of a structured modeling environment. In thispaper, we describe the background and implementation of structured modeling environment, which wasdeveloped to facilitate and integrate many aspects of the modeling process. The conceptual frameworkunderpinning the structured modeling technology identifies the major aspects of integration betweendatabase …

Operational And Forecasting Real-Time Air Quality Tool For Industrial Plants, R. San José, J. L. Pérez, R. M. González

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A tool (TEAP) to evaluate in real-time and operational mode the air quality produced by industrial plants (power plants also) has been developed based on the third generation of air quality modelling systems. The system uses the non-hydrostatic mesoscale meteorological model MM5 (PSU/NCAR, USA) and the air quality modelling system (transport and chemistry) CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality Modelling System) (EPA, USA) by using the so-called ON/OFF scenario which allows the user to have in advance (48 - 72 hours) a detailed information in time and space on what is the relative impact of the industrial emissions in an area …

An Assessment Of The Value Of Seasonal Forecasts In Australian Farming Systems, R. A. Letcher, F. H. S. Chiew, A. J. Jakeman

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Reliable rainfall and streamflow forecasts several months ahead can benefit the management of water resource systems, particularly in Australia where the hydroclimate variability is high. Previous studies have shown that streamflow can be forecast by exploiting the lag relationship between streamflow and ENSO and the serial correlation in streamflow. This paper investigates the potential for seasonal forecasts to increase the profitability of irrigation production decisions, using an integrated hydrologic-economic model. Alternative water allocation policies and climate regimes are considered using a scenario-based approach and the potential value of climate forecasts estimated using the integrated model. The results can be used …

A Generalised Conceptual Framework For Integrated Assessment Modelling Of Water Resource Management Issues, R. A. Letcher, A. J. Jakeman, B. F. W. Croke

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Nodal network approaches are a common framework for considering water allocation problems. In this type of model framework, a river basin is represented as a series of nodes, where nodes generally represent key points of extraction along the stream. Agricultural production and other water use decisions generally interact with the stream system in two ways: they can affect the generation of runoff and thus the volume of water reaching the stream; or, they may involve direct extraction or use of streamflow once it has reached the stream. This paper provides a generalised conceptual framework for considering these types of interactions …

A Proposed Rule-Discovery Scheme For Regionalisation Of Rainfall-Runoff Characteristics In New South Wales, Australia, J. M. Spate, B. F. W. Croke, J. P. Norton

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A project which sets out to explore alternative methods of regionalisation for prediction ofstreamflow in ungauged catchments is described. A commonly applied regionalisation methodology estimatesmodel parameters for the ungauged basin from multiple linear regressions between parameters and catchmentattributes, calibrated on gauged catchments. Its effectiveness is limited by the availability of sufficientlysimilar, well gauged and modelled catchments. In this paper a different approach is adopted, employing a datamining methodology to seek a useful set of rules in the catchment attribute space with parameter values asconsequent. The outline of a hypothesis testing algorithm is given, along with a suggestion for a newdiscretisation …

Towards Combining Probabilistic And Interval Uncertainty In Engineering Calculations, Scott A. Starks, Vladik Kreinovich, Luc Longpre, Martine Ceberio, Gang Xiang, Roberto Araiza, J. Beck, R. Kandathi, A. Nayak, R. Torres

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many engineering applications, we have to combine probabilistic and interval errors. For example, in environmental analysis, we observe a pollution level x(t) in a lake at different moments of time t, and we would like to estimate standard statistical characteristics such as mean, variance, autocorrelation, correlation with other measurements. In environmental measurements, we often only know the values with interval uncertainty. We must therefore modify the existing statistical algorithms to process such interval data. Such modification are described in this paper.

Sacred Heart University Magazine, Summer 2004, Sacred Heart University

Sacred Heart University Magazine

Featured articles: Dr. Gary Rose: Political but Never Partisan --University Launches First Doctorate Program (DPT).

You've Gotta Read This: Summer Reading At Musselman Library (2004), Musselman Library

You’ve Gotta Read This: Summer Reading at Musselman Library

Each year Musselman Library asks Gettysburg College faculty, staff, and administrators to help create a suggested summer reading list to inspire students and the rest of our campus community to take time in the summer to sit back, relax, and read. These summer reading picks are guaranteed to offer much adventure, drama, and fun!

The spring 2004 issue of You’ve Gotta Read This! expanded to include recommendations from Gettysburg College staff and administrators in addition to faculty. Popular titles for this year were A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson and Dan Brown’s The Da Vinci Code.

Nimbus (Summer 2004), New College Alumnae/I Association

Alumnae/i Association Collection

No abstract provided.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 46 Number 1, Summer 2004, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

8 - A PUZZLING PROFESSOR By Adam Breen. Byron Walden, an assistant professor of mathematics at SCU, draws on his knowledge of numerical analysis to create crossword puzzles for The New York Times.

10 - THE LAUNCHING PAD By Larry Sokoloff J.D. '92. Top government agencies, other universities, and companies are relying on the University's Robotics Systems Lab-and its students-to build and monitor satellites.

16 - A NOVEL TEAM By Kristin Lenore '04. The University's publishing partnership with Heyday Books aims to help preserve California's cultural legacy.

Uncertainties In Lca Of Plant-Growth Regulators And Implications On Decision-Making, Georg Geisler, Stefanie Hellweg, Konrad Hungerbühler

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Uncertainty assessment in LCA enables the evaluation of the significance of results, which is important for providing sound decision-support. In this work, an LCA was performed on two plant-growth regulators considering various sources of uncertainty: In the LCI, uncertainties of imprecise measurements of elementary flows, temporal and spatial variation, and different production processes were assessed. In the characterisation phase, the uncertainties of substance properties and the composition of sum-parameters were considered. These uncertainties were expressed as probability distributions and assessed via stochastic modelling (Monte-Carlo Simulation). For most LCI- and LCIA-data, generic uncertainty ranges were used. Uncertainties due to assumptions on …

Applying Agent Technology In Environmental Management Systems Under Real-Time Constraints, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis, P. A. Mitkas

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Changes in the natural environment affect our quality of life. Thus, government, industry, and the public call for integrated environmental management systems capable of supplying all parties with validated, accurate and timely information. The ‘near real-time’ constraint reveals two critical problems in delivering such tasks: the low quality or absence of data, and the changing conditions over a long period. These problems are common in environmental monitoring networks and although harmless for off-line studies, they may be serious for near real-time systems. In this work, we discuss the problem space of near real-time reporting Environmental Management Systems and present a …

A Review Of Approaches To Treat Uncertainty In Lca, Reinout Heijungs, Mark A. J. Huijbregts

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

It is important to know to what extent the outcome of an LCA is affected by various types ofuncertainty, such as parameter, scenario and model uncertainty. These types may occur in the goal andscope definition, the inventory analysis and the impact assessment of an LCA. Information on the uncertaintyof the model outcomes provides useful information to assess the reliability of LCA-based decisionsand to guide future research towards reducing uncertainty. This paper reviews several approaches to treatdifferent types of uncertainty in LCA. It will discuss the typology of uncertainty that may be encountered inLCA, the qualitative and quantitative techniques that are …

The Voice, Summer 2004: Volume 49, Issue 4, Dordt College

The Voice Archive

Kuyper Scholars Program to Debut; Same Old, Same Old?; Plumbline: Finding a Place in the Marketplace of Ideas; Grads Will Do the Talking in Jubilee Video; Dordt's Track Team is Productive on and off the Track; The Greeks Is Second Play This Year Held for ACTF; First Annual IdeaFest Kicks Off This Spring; Spronk Excels in Organ Competitions; Distinguished Scholars Look Back on Their Education; Social Work Students Explore Their Options; Strategic Planning Report Draws a Map for the Next Several Years; BSI--Hardware Engages Dordt Seniors to Design Test Equipment; Ag Department Receives Grant to Open Summer Program to High …

Assessing The Ecological Impacts Of Salinity Management Using A Bayesian Decision Network, A. Sadoddin, R. A. Letcher, Lachlan T. H. Newham

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This paper outlines a component of a study currently being undertaken to provide a new tool for the holistic management of dryland salinity. The Little River catchment in the upper Macquarie River basin of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, is used as a case study. The model uses a Bayesian Decision Network (BDN) approach to integrating the various system components – biophysical, social, ecological, and economic. The method of integration of the system components is demonstrated through an example application showing the impacts of various scenarios on terrestrial and riparian ecology. The paper outlines these scenarios and demonstrates the way …

Chemometrics Modelling Of Environmental Data, Roma Tauler, Emma Peré-Trepat, Silvia Lacorte, Damià Barceló

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Environmental monitoring studies produce huge amounts of concentration values of chemicalsspread at distant geographical sites and during different time periods. Moreover, the content of chemicals isalso estimated at different environmental compartments (i.e. air, water, sediments, biota...). All these datavalues are difficult to cope and evaluate in a simple and fast way using simple univariate statistical tools,specially due to their large number and to their multivariate correlation. In order to discover relevant patternswithin large multivariate data sets, the application of modern chemometric methods based in statisticalmultivariate data analysis and in Factor Analysis is proposed. The basic assumption of chemometric methodsis that …

Regionalisation Of Rainfall-Runoff Models, B. F. W. Croke, J. P. Norton

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A new approach to regionalisation for prediction of flow characteristics in ungauged catchments is presented. If flows in ungauged catchments are to be predicted using calibrated rainfall-runoff models, regional relationships between the parameters of such models and catchment attributes must be determined. This is only possible with parsimonious models (fewer than about 7 parameters), and even then there are considerable uncertainties in the prediction of ungauged catchment response, due to the accumulation of uncertainties in the regionalization process for estimating parameter values. The uncertainties in the catchment attributes and climate data used for the ungauged catchment combine with the uncertainty …

Simulating Global Feedbacks Between Sea Level Rise, Water For Agriculture And The Complex Socio-Economic Development Of The Ipcc Scenarios, Saskia Werners, Roelof Boumans, Laurens Bouwer

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The Global Unified Meta-model of the BiOsphere (GUMBO) was used to simulate how the socioeconomicconditions specified in the Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) of the IPCC(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) influence vulnerability to climate change. Input parametersare the consumer preferences, investment strategies, natural resources management and technologicaldevelopment associated with the SRES scenarios. From this input the characteristic SRES driving forcespopulation growth, economic development and fossil fuel use were reproduced in GUMBO with thecorresponding climate scenarios (temperature change, sea level rise and rainfall patterns). This articleshows alternative pathways of development exist that yield the same SRES driving forces but that …

The Deep Seabed: Customary Law Codified, Ian Bezpalko

Natural Resources Journal

No abstract provided.

The Choice Modelling Approach To Environmental Valuation, Edited By Jeff Bennett & Russell Blarney, Olaf Werder

Natural Resources Journal

No abstract provided.

Bird Watch, Ann Aubry

Illinois Wesleyan University Magazine, 2002-2017

IWU researchers’ discovery of pesticides in songbirds and other wildlife has disturbing implications for humans.

Bird Watch, Ann Aubry

Illinois Wesleyan University Magazine, 2002-2017

Students are also colleagues in this research lab.

Occupational Self-Direction, Intellectual Functioning, And Self-Directed Orientation In Older Workers: Findings And Implications For Individuals And Societies, Gary Oates, Carmi Schooler, Mesfin Samuel Mulatu

Sociology Faculty Publications

Using data from 1994-95 third-wave interviews, this study tests whether Kohn and Schooler's findings ( based on 1964 and 1974 interviews) that self-directed occupational conditions increase intellectual functioning and self-directed orientations hold when the respondents are 20 years older. Results confirm that even late in life self-directedness of work continues to affect intellectual functioning and self-directedness of orientation. These psychological characteristics, in turn, affect social-structural position in ways that increase disparities between the advantaged and disadvantaged. From a historical and societal perspective, the findings suggest that the occupational self-directedness of a society's workers may affect its social norms, values, and …

Native American Sovereignty On Trial: A Handbook With Cases, Law, And Documents, By Bryan H. Wildenthal, Marcos D. Martinez

Natural Resources Journal

No abstract provided.

Anthropogenic Lead Deposition And Four National Parks In Poland As Determined By Lead Isotope Ratios, Shannon Simcoe

OES Theses and Dissertations

Polluted soils are recognized by having high concentrations of heavy metals, including Pb. Partitioning of metals in geochemical fractions, by sequential chemical extractions, may indicate whether a metal has been recently deposited in the soil. While concentration levels alone cannot distinguish between natural and anthropogenic Pb, studies have demonstrated that anthropogenic pollution is accurately recorded by specific Pb isotope signatures, which differ from natural Pb isotopes. The objective of this project was to use ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb and ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb isotope ratios to differentiate between the anthropogenic Pb input and the naturally occurring Pb in four national …