Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2004

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 18181 - 18210 of 18247

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Two Wrongs Make A Right: Hybrid Claims Of Discrimination, Ming Hsu Chen Jan 2004

Two Wrongs Make A Right: Hybrid Claims Of Discrimination, Ming Hsu Chen

Publications

This Note reinterprets and recontextualizes the pronouncement in Employment Division v. Smith (Smith II) that exemptions from generally applicable laws will not be granted unless claims of free exercise are accompanied by the assertion of another constitutional right. It argues that when Arab American Muslims, and others who are of minority race and religion, bring claims for exemption from generally applicable laws on the basis of free exercise and equal protection principles, they ought to be able to invoke Smith II's hybridity exception, thus meriting heightened judicial scrutiny and increased solicitude from courts.

Go to article

Righting Victim Wrongs: Responding To Philosophical Criticisms Of The Nonspecific Victim Liability Defense, Aya Gruber Jan 2004

Righting Victim Wrongs: Responding To Philosophical Criticisms Of The Nonspecific Victim Liability Defense, Aya Gruber

Publications

Modern criminal law is intensely one-sided in its treatment of victims and defendants. Crime victims and criminal defendants do not enter the trial process on an equal moral footing. Rather, from the beginning victims are assumed blameless, truthful, and even beyond doubt, while defendants are guilty, not worthy of credence, and immoral. This one-sided view of victims, however, is a fiction. As any other people, victims differ in their characterizations. Some are indeed trustworthy, truthful, blameless and ultimately innocent. Others, however, are bad actors themselves, have memory failures, falsely identify, provoke, and even lie. Some victims are in fact, and …

Go to article

Water Wrongs: Why Can’T We Get It Right The First Time?, David Getches Jan 2004

Water Wrongs: Why Can’T We Get It Right The First Time?, David Getches

Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Design And Evaluation Of A Modified In Situ Mesocosm To Study Denitrification In The Karlsruhe Aquifer, Jason M. Warne Jan 2004

Design And Evaluation Of A Modified In Situ Mesocosm To Study Denitrification In The Karlsruhe Aquifer, Jason M. Warne

Theses and Dissertations

To simplify the in situ mesocosm (ISM) design given in Schlag (1999), a modified ISM was designed and built in which a 6-inch long sand point replaces three 16-inch diameter screens. The modified design also includes an optional submersible pump mounted on top of the ISM chamber, making it capable of applications at depths greater than those attainable using a peristaltic pump from the ground surface. Two ISMs, one the original design (0-ISM) and the other the modified design (M-ISM) with an optional submersible pump, were installed in the Karlsruhe aquifer, near Minot, ND, in late June, 2003. Tracer tests …

Go to article

A Study Of Instuctional [Sic] Frameworks For An Exemplary Reading And Writing Program, Tiffany J. Harbott Jan 2004

A Study Of Instuctional [Sic] Frameworks For An Exemplary Reading And Writing Program, Tiffany J. Harbott

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Wheatbelt Waterwise = Saltwise : Gardening Guide, John Colwill, Juana Roe Jan 2004

Wheatbelt Waterwise = Saltwise : Gardening Guide, John Colwill, Juana Roe

Bulletins 4000 -

As a result of agricultural clearing, many country towns are now feeling the effects of rising groundwater and the salt that it carries. Salinity has been identified as Australia’s number one environmental problem. While most people think that salinity means land lost to agriculture, it also poses a serious threat to many country towns. A report for the Department of Agriculture in 2001 highlighted the need for simple and cost-effective salinity management strategies to be adopted in wheatbelt towns. These included water recycling, revegetation and more efficient water use.

Go to article

The Impact Of An Urban Outreach Teaching Project: Developing Cultural Competence, Carol H. Ott, Lynn H. Doyle Jan 2004

The Impact Of An Urban Outreach Teaching Project: Developing Cultural Competence, Carol H. Ott, Lynn H. Doyle

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to explore the development of cultural competence in a group of university nursing students in the context of an interactive substance abuse prevention project attached to a health promotion course with 414 racially diverse high school students. The project provided opportunities for contact, interaction, and reflection. A descriptive approach was utilized to elicit the meaning attached to the experience. Data included written content from an exit survey, field notes from onsite debriefings, transcriptions of a focus group interview, and an analysis of theoretical papers. Findings indicate that when university students participate in an urban …

Go to article

Maximum Likelihood Estimates Of Azimuth And Elevation For A Frequency-Hopped Active Source Using A Tetrahedral Ultra-Short Baseline, Raphael. Warin Jan 2004

Maximum Likelihood Estimates Of Azimuth And Elevation For A Frequency-Hopped Active Source Using A Tetrahedral Ultra-Short Baseline, Raphael. Warin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

Ultra-Short-BaseLine (USBL) is the most practical underwater acoustic positioning system for autonomous underwater vehicles because of its small space requirement. The objective of this research is to develop a USBL system capable of estimating a source location transmitting frequency-hopped tones sequences. Such sequences are characteristic of spread spectrum signaling used in underwater acoustic communication network. It must be able to provide azimuth and elevation of a modem-type source with an accuracy of 0.3 degrees; for both angles using the synchronization stage of the transmission. The acoustic antenna is composed of four transducers arranged as a tetrahedron. Using the model of …

Go to article

Maternal Neuroendocrine Function And Fetal Development, Miguel Angel Diego Jan 2004

Maternal Neuroendocrine Function And Fetal Development, Miguel Angel Diego

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

Maternal neuroendocrine function during pregnancy has been related to a number of pregnancy outcomes including less optimal fetal growth patterns. Animal models have consistently demonstrated that glucocorticoid infusions to the mother result in fetal growth restriction and norepinephrine infusions in reduced blood flow to the fetus. Similarly, human studies reveal that elevated maternal HPA axis and adrenal function (associated with stress anxiety and depression) during pregnancy is related to prematurity and low birthweight. The present study examined the relationship between maternal cortisol and norepinephrine and fetal growth measures during mid-gestation. Correlation analyses revealed that both maternal psychological (daily hassles, depression …

Go to article

Mobility Management In Voice Over Ip Networks, Shiby. Sugunan Jan 2004

Mobility Management In Voice Over Ip Networks, Shiby. Sugunan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

Wireless Internet access has recently gained significant attention as wireless/mobile communications and networking become widespread. Voice over IP service is likely to play a key role in the convergence of IP based Internet and mobile cellular networks. The mobility management performance for Mobile IP and Session Initiation Protocol is the focus of this thesis. After illustrating the operation of the protocols, the discrete event simulator, Network Simulator 2 (ns2), is used to compare the performance of the two protocols. The comparison of the protocols is done by comparing average end-to-end delay and the ratio of the number of packets received …

Go to article

Negotiation Of Meaning In Interlanguage Talk, Friederike A. Tegge Jan 2004

Negotiation Of Meaning In Interlanguage Talk, Friederike A. Tegge

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

This small-scale study investigated the extent to which negotiations of meaning during methodologically focused communicative partner-activities were concerned with a grammatical target structure, the dative case following spatial prepositions in German. In addition, the impact of the negotiation of the target structure on subsequent learner performance was investigated. The subjects, beginning-level students of German, participated in two two-way information-gap activities, preceded and followed by the same grammaticality judgment test. The interaction was audiotaped and transcribed. The improvement in accuracy between the pretest and the posttest was calculated and correlated with the number of negotiation moves. The results indicate that the …

Go to article

New Radiation Hydrodynamics Code And The Simulation Of Core Collapse Through The Formation Of The Neutrino-Driven Wind, Kenneth R. Denisco Jan 2004

New Radiation Hydrodynamics Code And The Simulation Of Core Collapse Through The Formation Of The Neutrino-Driven Wind, Kenneth R. Denisco

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

This work is a simulation of a 15 solar mass star from initial core collapse through the formation of the neutrino-driven wind with an eye towards a possible site for the r-process. We use a new radiation hydrodynamics code known as RadHyd, which is a merger of EVH-1 and MGFLD. The EVH-1 code is a piecewise parabolic method, or PPM, Godunov solver with Newtonian gravitation and MGFLD is a sophisticated multi-group, flux-limited diffusion radiation transport code. Core collapse is initiated from a progenitor model S15s7b of Weaver and Woosley. A maximum radius of 2.0 x 10^11 cm is chosen to …

Go to article

Neural Substrates Of Movement And Music: An Fmri Approach, Dinesh G. Nair Jan 2004

Neural Substrates Of Movement And Music: An Fmri Approach, Dinesh G. Nair

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

In this dissertation, we examined the neural correlates of motor coordination and music perception using a set of four fMRI experiments. The neural correlates of goal-directed action were examined in a group of healthy adults in experiment I using execution and imagery of a unimanual and a bimanual finger-sequencing task. Similar neural networks were engaged for execution and imagination of movement sequences. Interestingly, we also found that the sensorimotor cortical and cerebellar areas are functionally decoupled from the task network when people imagine but do not actually execute sequential actions. In experiment 2, we used the same finger-sequencing paradigm to …

Go to article

Oxygenated Water And Exercise Performance, Michelle. Mielke Jan 2004

Oxygenated Water And Exercise Performance, Michelle. Mielke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oxygenated water on endurance exercise performance. Subjects (N=15, VO2max 54.8 +/- 5.8 ml/kg/min) were tested using non-oxygenated water (PL) and oxygenated water (OW). Two maximal exercise tests and 2 submaximal tests were conducted. VO2max (3.28 +/- 0.81 L/min (OW) vs. 3.30 +/- 0.80 L/min (PL)) VE, VO2, or R were not different. Submaximal blood lactate values at 60%, 80% of VO 2max (4.2 +/- 2.1 mMol/L, 6.6 +/- 2.9 mMol/L (OW) vs. 3.8 +/- 1.8 mMol/L, 6.1 +/- 2.4 mMol/L (PL)) and HR (140 +/- 15 bpm, 162 +/- …

Go to article

Offshoring And Wage Convergence, Matthew David Brigida Jan 2004

Offshoring And Wage Convergence, Matthew David Brigida

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

The recent advances in communication technology are changing the structure of the labor market in the United States. Jobs, which previously had to be done in the United States, can now be done offshore and thus American companies can take advantage of the wage differentials between countries. To see the potential effects that such a structural change may have on economic growth, we first examine the 19th century convergence between Europe and the New World countries. Thereafter we introduce a model of economic growth that will take into account a particular aspect of present day offshoring. Many of the workers …

Go to article

Normal Incidence Reflection Coefficient Of A Sandy Seabed As A Function Of Frequency, Ernest Allen Arizzi Jan 2004

Normal Incidence Reflection Coefficient Of A Sandy Seabed As A Function Of Frequency, Ernest Allen Arizzi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

A thesis investigates the measured and theoretical pressure reflection coefficients of the seabed at normal incidence. The theoretical reflection coefficient is calculated using a physics-based model developed by Maurice Biot. The model describes sound propagation in saturated porous media and interrelationships between the acoustic properties of the media and the physical properties of the pore fluid and the porous solid. Stoll modified the Biot model for the case of ocean sediments and developed an expression for calculating the reflection coefficient as a function of frequency. This thesis tests the model by comparing the reflection coefficient measured with chirp sonar to …

Go to article

Partitioning Filter Approach To Noise Elimination: An Empirical Study In Software Quality Classification, Pierre. Rebours Jan 2004

Partitioning Filter Approach To Noise Elimination: An Empirical Study In Software Quality Classification, Pierre. Rebours

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

This thesis presents two new noise filtering techniques which improve the quality of training datasets by removing noisy data. The training dataset is first split into subsets, and base learners are induced on each of these splits. The predictions are combined in such a way that an instance is identified as noisy if it is misclassified by a certain number of base learners. The Multiple-Partitioning Filter combines several classifiers on each split. The Iterative-Partitioning Filter only uses one base learner, but goes through multiple iterations. The amount of noise removed is varied by tuning the filtering level or the number …

Go to article

Peer Reputations As A Determinant Of Gender Differences In School Outcomes: Evidence For Domain-Specific Effects, Lisa Borga Gelman Jan 2004

Peer Reputations As A Determinant Of Gender Differences In School Outcomes: Evidence For Domain-Specific Effects, Lisa Borga Gelman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

This study explored the impact of peer reputations for academic ability and school-related affect upon fourth- through eighth-graders' academic outcomes. In light of the prevailing stereotypes regarding the differential academic abilities of girls and boys (favoring girls in English, and boys in math and science), it was hypothesized that peer reputations in English would be more predictive of outcomes for girls than for boys, while math and science reputations would be most predictive of boys' outcomes. Peer reputations were found to be predictive of school grades, but not of standardized test scores. Although ability reputations in most areas were predictive …

Go to article

Physical Properties Of Ferrimagnetic Bioceramics, Antonella C. Kis Jan 2004

Physical Properties Of Ferrimagnetic Bioceramics, Antonella C. Kis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

The structural, magnetic and microstructural properties of ferrimagnetic bioglass ceramics (FBC) in the system {0.45(CaO,P2O5) x (0.52-x)SiO2 x xFe 2O3 x 0.03Na2O} with x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 were studied as a function of composition and heat-treatment temperature. Specimens from each samples series were heattreated at temperatures in the range 600--1000C. X-ray powder diffraction and Rietveld refinement methods, magnetic measurements and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy were used in our studies. Calcium phosphate [Ca3PO4)2], which is the biocompatible component of the materials, and magnetite Fe3O 4 are the two major crystalline phases that were developed in …

Go to article

Pricing Behavior Of Exchange Traded Funds, Nivine F. Richie Jan 2004

Pricing Behavior Of Exchange Traded Funds, Nivine F. Richie

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

This dissertation examines the pricing behavior of exchange traded funds (ETFs) in three essays. (1) The Overreaction of International ETFs, (2) Fragmentation of Night Markets, and (3) The Impact of the Creation of the QQQ on the Underlying Securities. The overreaction study examines the role of information in global overreaction. Univariate analysis reveals that overreaction associated with informed events is less pronounced than with uninformed events following extreme price decreases. Further, positive firm-specific announcements are met with investor overreaction while negative firm-specific announcements are not. Finally, significant reversals of winners during bull markets relative to bear markets support the hypothesis …

Go to article

Performance Analysis Of K-Means Algorithm And Kohonen Networks, Afzal A. Syed Jan 2004

Performance Analysis Of K-Means Algorithm And Kohonen Networks, Afzal A. Syed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

K-means algorithm and Kohonen network possess self-organizing characteristics and are widely used in different fields currently. The factors that influence the behavior of K-means are the choice of initial cluster centers, number of cluster centers and the geometric properties of the input data. Kohonen networks have the ability of self-organization without any prior input about the number of clusters to be formed. This thesis looks into the performances of these algorithms and provides a unique way of combining them for better clustering. A series of benchmark problem sets are developed and run to obtain the performance analysis of the K-means …

Go to article

Relationship Of Full-Time Laptop Computer Access To Student Achievement And Student Attitudes In Middle School, Sheila K. Lewis Jan 2004

Relationship Of Full-Time Laptop Computer Access To Student Achievement And Student Attitudes In Middle School, Sheila K. Lewis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

The purpose of this quasi-experimental longitudinal study was to investigate the relationship of full-time laptop computer access to student achievement and student attitudes in middle school from the academic years of 1998--1999 through 2000--2001. Two sets of variables were identified in the study. The independent variable was the instructional method having full-time access to laptops or not. The dependent variables were student achievement, and student attitudes. ANOVAs were employed to test the difference between the experimental group and the comparison group. Measures of reading comprehension and math application were determined through scores on the Stanford Achievement Test (SAT) for sixth-grade …

Go to article

Relationships Between Pre-Service Teachers' Characteristics, High-Stakes Testing, And Math Efficacy Beliefs In A Former Community College Teacher Preparation Program In Florida, Amy A. Bingham Jan 2004

Relationships Between Pre-Service Teachers' Characteristics, High-Stakes Testing, And Math Efficacy Beliefs In A Former Community College Teacher Preparation Program In Florida, Amy A. Bingham

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

In Florida, recent changes in legislation have granted community colleges the ability to now offer Baccalaureate degrees in education, frequently to non-traditional students. Additionally, teachers face more high-stakes tests than ever before, and often times struggle with the mathematics sections of such tests. A comprehensive literature review in the areas of pre-service teachers' math knowledge, teachers' efficacy beliefs about teaching math, and the high-stakes mathematics testing of teachers was conducted. Based on the information obtained from the literature review, the study examined a population of pre-service teachers in a new teacher preparation program in Florida. The research investigated relationships surrounding …

Go to article

Rhythm And Order, Size And Proportion In The Development Of A Text Typeface, Graham. Young Jan 2004

Rhythm And Order, Size And Proportion In The Development Of A Text Typeface, Graham. Young

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

Based on extensive research into the development of Roman text typefaces from the middle of the incunabula (circa 1475) to the end of the 17th Century when the second major wave of Roman text types began, this thesis will document the design and production of a text typeface using many of the developments of the period. Because the incunabula saw the bringing together of the miniscules and majuscules (upper- and lowercases) for use on a single page and because for the first time in Western history the exact same letter form could be used in many printed works at once, …

Go to article

Role Of Other-Regulation In Second Language Learners Of Beginning Spanish, Carolina M. Seiden Jan 2004

Role Of Other-Regulation In Second Language Learners Of Beginning Spanish, Carolina M. Seiden

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

This qualitative study analyzes speech data from learner's interaction in small group and paired activities in the classroom. The analysis is framed in Vygotsky's theory of language. The findings suggest that peer-peer interaction alone does not increase the opportunities for students to understand, practice and incorporate new concepts into their developing second language. Other-regulation---collaborative dialogue---and scaffolding---the task preparation so the student is compelled to perform a task that appears to be within his/her reach---are compromised when the task lacks context and personal significance for the students.

Go to article

Security In Voice Over Ip Networks, Juan C. Pelaez Jan 2004

Security In Voice Over Ip Networks, Juan C. Pelaez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

Voice over IP (VoIP) is revolutionizing the global communications system by allowing human voice and fax information to travel over existing packet data networks along with traditional data packets. The convergence of voice and data in one simplified network brings both benefits and constraints to users. Among the several issues that need to be addressed when deploying this technology, security is one of the most critical. This thesis will present a combination of security patterns based on the systematic analysis of attacks against a VoIP network and the existing techniques to mitigate these attacks, providing good practices for all IP …

Go to article

Synthesis And Structural Characterization Of Intermediates Towards The Preparation Of A Polyphosphonate Ester Containing L-Dopa For The Potential Treatment Of Parkinson's Disease, Donna M. Chamely-Wiik Jan 2004

Synthesis And Structural Characterization Of Intermediates Towards The Preparation Of A Polyphosphonate Ester Containing L-Dopa For The Potential Treatment Of Parkinson's Disease, Donna M. Chamely-Wiik

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

We have synthesized intermediates towards the preparation of a polyphosphonate ester containing L-dopa for the potential treatment of Parkinson's disease. A synthetic strategy was devised to be more reproducible than the original strategy. We discovered some very interesting chemistry of one of the intermediates produced from this new scheme. We synthesized L-N-(butyloxycarbonyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-ethyl-4-(benzyloxy)-phenyl)alanine benzylester, a compound containing a secondary alcohol moiety that had a unique set of characteristics. Upon reduction of the N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)-3-(3-acetyl-4-benzyloxyphenyl)-L-alanine benzylester, which contained a ketone moiety, to produce the secondary alcohol, we discovered that the materials that were formed included a pair of diastereomers of the secondary alcohol, …

Go to article

The Role Of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide In The Production Of The Lupus B Cell Phenotype, Veljko. Nikolic Jan 2004

The Role Of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide In The Production Of The Lupus B Cell Phenotype, Veljko. Nikolic

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of RP105 (CD180) in human B lymphocytes from normal, leukemic, and lupus patients. The percentage of cells that express RP105 on their surface increased following a 24 hour exposure to LPS. However, continued exposure for a total of four days resulted in a marked decrease in the expression of this receptor molecule. Human B cells were purified by a combination of density gradient and negative magnetic bead selection and maintained in culture with and without LPS. Enzyme linked immunoassay for the detection of …

Go to article

Submicron Cad Design And Analysis Of Mos Current Mirrors, Wilfredo Rivas-Torres Jan 2004

Submicron Cad Design And Analysis Of Mos Current Mirrors, Wilfredo Rivas-Torres

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

Current Mirrors are widely used circuits in IC designs. They are used as current sources and loads. The proper selection of a Current Mirror configuration is therefore important. This thesis reviews critical parameters for Current Minors characterization. Six MOS Current Mirror configurations are studied, and their performance characteristics are compared. The proper selection and use of MOSFET models are presented. It is shown that CAD-based design and analysis is indispensable if realistic MOS models such as BSIM3 are used. The CAD based analysis and design employs simulation parameter tuning, optimization and swept parameters. The presented CAD techniques allow a designer …

Go to article

Techniques For Combining Binary Classifiers: A Comparative Study In Network Intrusion Detection Systems, Hua. Lin Jan 2004

Techniques For Combining Binary Classifiers: A Comparative Study In Network Intrusion Detection Systems, Hua. Lin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2000 - 2009

We discuss a set of indirect combining techniques for addressing multi-category classification problems that have been used in many domains, but not for intrusion detection systems. In contrast to the indirect combining techniques, direct techniques generally extend associated binary classifiers to handle multi-category classification problems. An indirect combining technique decomposes the original multi-category problem into, based on some criteria, multiple binary-category problems. We investigated two different approaches for building the binary classifiers. The results of the binary classifiers are then merged using a combining technique---three different combining techniques were studied. We implement some of the indirect combining techniques proposed in …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last