Digital Commons Network^™

Topical Cidofovir Is More Effective Than Is Parenteral Therapy For Treatment Of Progressive Vaccinia In Immunocompromised Mice, Donald F. Smee, K. W. Bailey, M-H. Wong, M. K. Wandersee, R. W. Sidwell

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Background.Severe complications may arise as a result of virus dissemination after smallpox (live vaccinia virus) vaccination, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. We developed a new mouse model for studying the effects of antiviral agents on progressive vaccinia virus infections.

Methods.Hairless mice were treated with cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg/day) every 4 days starting 1 day before vaccinia virus exposure to wounded skin. Primary lesions progressed in severity, satellite lesions developed, and the infection eventually killed the mice.

Results.Topical treatment with 1%‐cidofovir cream (twice daily for 7 days) was much more effective in reducing the severity of primary lesions and the number of satellite …

Effects Of Mechanical Processing On The Nutritive Value Of Barley Silage For Lactating Dairy Cows, Jong-Su Eun, K. A. Beauchemin, S.-H. Hong, W. Z. Yang

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Mechanical processing of whole crop barley before ensiling may be useful for improving nutrient use by dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of feeding mechanically processed barley silage as the main forage source on lactational performance. Twenty-four Holstein cows, 16 primiparous (187±52 days in milk) and 8 multiparous (87±69 days in milk) cows, were used in a completely randomized design with a 2-wk covariate period and a 6-wk treatment period. The 2 treatments were: 1) total mixed ration (TMR) containing regular barley silage (RBS-TMR), and 2) TMR containing mechanically processed barley silage (MPBS-TMR). Barley …

Methane Production By Mixed Ruminal Cultures Incubated In Dual-Flow Fermentors, Jong-Su Eun, V. Fellner, M. L. Gumpertz

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

This study evaluated the effects of dilution rate and forage-to-concentrate ratio on gas production by rumen microbes. Continuous cultures were used to monitor methane production at three liquid dilution rates (3.2, 6.3, or 12.5%/h) and three forage-to-concentrate ratios (70:30, 50:50, or 30:70). Filtered ruminal contents were allowed 6 d of adaptation to diets followed by 7 d of data collection. Forage consisted of pelleted alfalfa and the concentrate mix included ground corn, soybean meal, and a mineral and vitamin premix. The experiment was replicated in a split-plot design. Total volatile fatty acid production averaged 58.0 mmol/d and was not affected …

The Appearance Of Election Law, John Copeland Nagle

Journal Articles

The recent attention to election law implies that questions of reapportionment, voting rights, campaign finance, and the counting of votes belong to the same category of legal questions. In each instance, the evolving Supreme Court jurisprudence emphasizes appearances. The appearance of legislative districts, the appearance of corruption, and the appearance of partisanship are just some of the distinct ways in which the Court has concluded that appearance matter. As with other appearances, what looks to some observers like a gerrymandered district or a corrupting contribution is seen by others as a legitimate apportionment or an innocent expression of political support. …

He Writ Of Prohibition: Jurisdiction In Early Modern English Law, Indexes To Vols. 1-3, Charles Montgomery Gray

Books

No abstract provided.

Keeping The Money Under The Soap : Constructions Of The English And English Migrants In Australian Nationalist Texts, Ann Rule

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Where does an Englishman hide his money?' 'I don't know. Where does an Englishman hide his money?' 'Under the soap'. This thesis interrogates representations of ‘Englishness’and by extension, English migrants, in a variety of Australian cultural texts, including film, television, newspapers and academic publications. Underlying this investigation are two major research questions: What are the factors informing the ambivalent place accorded 'Englishness' in Australian cultural texts? and What can this form of investigation tell us about Australian culture and associated national myths? I have attempted to reinterpret these national myths through the texts/ narratives of Englishness and class. One of …

The Effect Of Technology-Based Lessons On Primary School Students Working In Mixed And Single-Gender Groupings, Brian Clarence

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study investigated primary school students working in mixed and single- gender groupings around a computer during technology-based lessons. In particular it observed the patterns of peer interaction that took place when students worked co-operatively in groups in lessons. In so doing, this study attempted to explain the effects of gender of the student and gender composition of the group, on peer interaction in such a situation. The study also focussed on the effect of gender groupings on the motivation of students and children's collaborative behaviours. The subjects for the study were twenty-nine students (sixteen boys and thirteen girls) in …

Renaissance And Baroque Stage Technology And Its Meaning For Today's Theatre, Stan Kubalcik

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This thesis seeks to address the understanding of the concept of old stage machinery. In addition, the research will determine the practical applications and meaning of old stage machinery for today's theatre. The approach to this topic will be more historical and practical than theoretical. A thorough examination of the history of theatre and stage technology is initially discussed. This is followed by an in-depth discussion of the practical component of this research and finally, the implications of this for today's theatre. Knowledge of traditional stage technology is a prerequisite for understanding the mechanics of stage technology today. A key …

2004 Usd Fact Book, University Of San Diego

USD Fact Books (1985- )

No abstract provided.

Usd President's Report 2004, University Of San Diego

President's Reports (1985- )

Letter from the President, Discovery from the Deep, A Reputation for Success, Creating Hope from Desperation, At the Junction of Justice and Religion, Testing Ideas on A New School of Thought, Faith Revealed Through Real Life, The Year in Review, Financial Operations, The Campaign for the University of San Diego, Board of Trustees/ Executive Officers/ Deans

The Pros And Cons Of The Learned Helplessness Construct And The Battered Woman Syndrome: A Critical Analysis And Possible Reformulation, Lucille Andreozzi Stern

Open Access Dissertations

Two prevailing, contrasting theories, learned helplessness and health psychogenesis, have been proposed to describe and explain the battered woman's experience and response to domestic violence. This research examined the status (scientific adequacy) of each theory's database to determine where the preponderance of evidence lies.

The investigator articulated nine factors that differentiate the two theories. Trained independent raters then rated study outcomes as falling into one of three categories: pro-learned helplessness, pro-health psychogenesis, or supportive of both theories. Studies of two research samples (shelter and community) were identified and assessed (rated) along four methodological dimensions (sample, instrumentation, statistical analysis, and hypothesis …

New Sources, New Growth And The Clean Water Act, Jeffrey M. Gaba

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

This Article is discusses the means by which the federal Clean Water Act addresses the problem of growth in connection with the achievement and maintenance of water quality standards. The article discusses those existing water quality standards requirements that most directly affect the issue of growth. These include two distinct, and largely unrelated, sets of requirements. First, the Article discusses those provisions that affect the regulation of new or expanded discharges on waters not yet meeting water quality goals. These include, among others, the provisions of the TMDL process that address the allocation of waste loads to account for growth, …

Ecological Determinants Of Lyme Disease In An Endemic Community, Neeta N. Pardanani

Open Access Dissertations

We investigated potential risk factors for Lyme disease at the level of a southern Rhode Island community where vector ticks ( Ixodes scapularis Say) and human Lyme disease are endemic. We recruited homeowners with and without household histories of Lyme disease that would permit sampling of ticks and small mammals around the wooded edge of their properties. Entomologic factors including nymphal tick abundance, rates of tick infection with Lyme disease-causing bacteria (Borrelia burgdorferi ), and the density of infected nymphs were measured. We evaluated the relationship between these variables and the history of Lyme disease cases within households. The relationship …

Metabolic Routing Of Macronutrients In Migratory Songbirds: Effects Of Diet Quality And Macronutrient Composition Revealed Using Stable Isotopes, David William Podlesak

Open Access Dissertations

Animals metabolically route specific macronutrients from their diet to build and maintain tissue and researchers generally assume that the isotopic composition of an animal's tissues resembles the isotopic composition of their diet. However, animals regularly change diets and they may route dietary macronutrients differently to specific tissues. Thus, I studied metabolic routing of dietary macronutrients into animal tissue because it is fundamentally important for understanding the nutritional ecology of wild vertebrates and because such knowledge is essential for accurate interpretation of stable isotope patterns in consumers and consumed. Songbirds that routinely switch their diets during migration provide a particularly interesting …

Revaluing The Literary Naturalist: John Burroughs's Emotive Environmental Aesthetics, Stephen Mark Mercier

Open Access Dissertations

This dissertation widens the circle of environmental aesthetics and ecocriticism by considering the role of the emotive in "appreciation." I demonstrate that emotion is a central feature in the literary naturalism of John Burroughs (1837-1921). Burroughs's model for environmental aesthetics combines narrative knowledge, sensory immersion, and emotional responses. Furthermore, I argue that Burroughs's "sentimental" emotions perform crucial roles in politics and therefore have serious implications for environmental consciousness. The rhetorical strategies inherent in Burroughs's paradigm for environmental aesthetics is essential to contemporary efficacious environmental discourse. This dissertation reclaims the importance of emotional affiliation with creatures, particularly birds, and their habitats. …

The Factors That Influence Middle-Level Teachers To Incorporate Community Service-Learning Into The Curriculum, Andrea J. Hainey-Turcotte

Open Access Dissertations

This study examined the factors that influence middle level educators to incorporate community service-learning into the curriculum. Eleven participants, each a teacher of middle level students, were interviewed to determine the extent to which they were influenced by intended outcomes for students, the community, and themselves. Findings suggest that participants were influenced to include community service-learning in the curriculum by anticipated benefits to students and community members. Participants hoped that by engaging in community service-learning activities, their students would become better scholars, leaders, citizens, and/or people. It would seem that participants were also driven to the implementation of community service-learning …

Evaluation Of Hot-Melt Extrusion Technology To Improve Dissolution Rates Of Poorly Water Soluble Drugs, Rina Chokshi

Open Access Dissertations

The bioavailability of orally administered drugs mainly depends on solubility and permeability. Since the advent of high throughput screening (HTS) in drug discovery process the resultant compounds are often high molecular weight and highly lipophilic, that show poor solubility. Scientists have tried to address solubility issues by various pharmaceutical interventions. Today amongst many methods available to improve solubility and dissolution rate, preparation of solid dispersions and solid solutions has gained enormous attention. Hot-melt extrusion is one of the most widely applied processing technologies in the plastic, rubber and food industry. Today this technology has found its place in the array …

The Role Of Glycolytic Substrates In The Initiation And Maintenance Phases Of Colonization Of The Mouse Large Intestine By Escherichia Coli Mg1655 And Escherichia Coli Edl933, Regina L. Miranda

Open Access Dissertations

Escherichia coli is a gram-negative motile rod, and is one of the most common bacterial strains isolated from the human intestinal tract (1,2). E. coli K-12, strain MG1655, is a non-pathogenic laboratory strain of E. coli whose genome has been fully sequenced (1). E. coli O157:H7, strain EDL933, a shigatoxin-producing E. coli (STEC), is a human pathogen, whose genome has also been fully sequenced (34). E. coli EDL933 was first isolated in August of 1982 from patients in the United States suffering from an outbreak of bloody diarrhea, which was traced to contaminated hamburgers (8,9,10,11). E. coli O157:H7 infections are …

“So That The Nations May Become Genuine Indian”: Nativism And Leslie Marmon Silko’S Ceremony, Dennis Cutchins

Faculty Publications

Leslie Marmon Silko’s (mixed-blood Laguna Pueblo) Ceremony is a powerful novel that tells the story of Tayo, a mixed-blood Pueblo war veteran who returns to Laguna mentally crippled by his wartime experiences. As Tayo struggles to overcome the alienation his military service has created, he must also face the shame of his own mixed heritage. His suffering eventually leads him off the pueblo to a Navajo healer, Betonie, who helps Tayo create a new historical paradigm based on Navajo and Laguna mythology. Betonie’s fictional re-vision of history is, perhaps, the novel’s most important accomplishment. Through Betonie, Silko creates an alternative …

‘Alert, Alive And Sensitive’: Baker, The Duty To Give Reasons, And The Ethos Of Justification In Canadian Public Law, Mary Liston

All Faculty Publications

This chapter argues that the remarkable phrase ‘alert, alive and sensitive’ – coined by Madame Justice L’Heureux-Dubé in the major Supreme Court of Canada decision, Baker v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) – signifies two important jurisprudential developments. First, the phrase ‘alert, alive and sensitive’ indicates a set of attributes connoting good judgment which can be used to evaluate the quality of judicial and administrative decisions. Second, the phrase comports with an emergent understanding of Canadian public law as an ‘ethos of justification’ in which citizens and non-citizens are democratically, and often constitutionally, entitled to participate in decisions made …

A Tri-Cultural Look At Legitimacy And Illegitimacy Using An Evolutionary Model, Mara D. Giles

Nebraska Anthropologist

The rules for legitimacy and illegitimacy are not universal, yet every culture classifies its children into valid and invalid A review of the literature, including Teichman, Hendrix, and Davis, has indicated that legitimacy is a status of marriage. This status is determined by several factors including race, class, inheritance patterns, lineage systems, the role of fathers, and the position of women. European and subSaharan African cultures use these factors differently to validate the boundaries separating the legitimate from the illegitimate. Until as recently as thirty years ago, English culture asserted that a man had to be proven to be the …

Comparison Of The Traditional And Contemporary Extended Family Units Of The Hopi And Lakota (Sioux): A Study Of The Deterioration Of Kinship Structures And Functions, Benjamin Grant Purzycki

Nebraska Anthropologist

Drawing on a body of classical and contemporary ethnographic resources, one finds a number of coriflicting conclusions and assumptions in not only the evolutionary role of the extended family and its functions, but also-in a post-colonial context-how these units as well as their roles and functions change. When comparing a number of sources, we find that extended families are explained in diametrically opposed terms (e.g. some say extended families result from hunter-gatherer societies while others attribute it to agricultural groups), creating conflicting theory obviously not considered together as often enoughhence the necessity of comparative study between traditionally agricultural Hopi and …

Parallel Structures And Binary Oppositions In Andre Gide's "L'Immoraliste" And "La Porte Etroite"., Jennifer Lawrence

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Two of André Gide’s books, L’Immoraliste and La Porte étroite, exemplify the ethical struggles that defined the author’s life through the codependence of their singular message. By submitting these two intrinsically similar works to a structuralist analysis of the binary oppositions that exist between them, the relationship between good and evil becomes solidified through the structures and semiotic codes of the novels, the opposition of the protagonists, and the motifs of geography, personal relationships, nature, and religion.

The Effects Of Environmental Chemicals On Glioblastoma Cell Growth., Rebecca L. Merritt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignancy known for its rapid progression. During tumor invasion, the breakdown of brain tissue releases lipid-associated foreign contaminants. This study assesses the growth response of two human glioblastoma cell lines, T98G and U138-MG, to environmental chemicals stored within the brain. Proliferative or cytotoxic responses to treatment were determined using an MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5- (3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] metabolic activity assay and morphological analysis. Although cytotoxic effects were seen in both T98G and U138-MG cells, proliferative responses occurred only in the T98G cell line. DDT, DDE, and PCB 153 were cytotoxic in both lines, while PCB 81 caused cell death …

Water Quality Trends In The Blackwater River Watershed, Canaan Valley, West Virginia., Jessica M. Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Blackwater River, historically an excellent brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) fishery, has been affected by logging, fires, coal mining, acid rain, and land development. Trends in water quality data from 12 sites in the Blackwater River watershed were examined for a 14-year period (1980–1993) using the information-theoretic method and the seasonal Kendall with correlation correction analysis. For most sites (except Beaver Creek), downward trends in acidity and upward trends in alkalinity, conductivity, and hardness were consistent with decreases in hydrogen ion concentration. Dissolved oxygen trended downward possibly due to natural conditions, but remained above biological thresholds. The seasonal Kendall trend …

The Effects Of Personality Traits And Playing Video Games On Aggressive Thoughts And Behaviors., Vincent Cicchirillo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the effects of individuals’ trait hostility and affective orientation in conjunction with their playing a video game upon aggressive thoughts, negative evaluations, and hostile behaviors. College students’ trait hostility and affective orientation were measured along with their video game usage. Approximately two weeks later 64 of these students came into a laboratory and played one of two video games that differed in their violent content. Students were left alone for 10 minutes to play the video game after which they completed a word completion task, an interaction skills grading form, and evaluations of the researcher’s competence, courteousness, …

A General Method For Genome Search And Discovery., Yue Jiang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The increasing amount of easily available genomic data has heightened the importance of computational tools in the analysis genome databases, especially the human genome. In this study, we develop a new methodology based on the suffix tree data structure to identify unknown targets of gene families. We use the identification of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) as a model system. HIF-1 is important in human normal physiological functions and in many human diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. We selected 17 known HIF-1 target gene sequences as a training set. We use the suffix tree data structure to extract a …

Saprophagous Caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Herminiinae): Effect Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Kurstaki Application In Forest And Laboratory Settings., Karen Jeanine Kish

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The larvae of the Herminiinae are macrodecomposers of forest leaf litter. Eight species were studied to determine the effects of aerially applied Btk. Adults were collected weekly by light trap for 7 consecutive seasons. The first 2 years provided baseline information, followed by 2 years of Btk treatment and 3 post-treatment years. Idia aemula (Hübner)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae were collected from control plots and treated with Btk in the laboratory to determine susceptibility. Untreated larvae were reared to adulthood and mated to obtain information on their biology. Differences in light trap counts between years were significant for all 8 species. Forest …

Managing Biological Integrity, Diversity, And Environmental Health In The National Wildlife Refuges: An Introduction To The Symposium, Robert L. Fischman, Vicky J. Meretsky

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

The Meanings Of Biological Integrity, Diversity, And Environmental Health, Robert L. Fischman

Articles by Maurer Faculty

This article extracts from the legislative mandate to "ensure that the biological integrity, diversity, and environmental health of the [Refuge] System are maintained," a range of meanings that reflect scientific and legislative trends in conservation. The standard modes of statutory interpretation yield meanings that largely support the 2001 Fish and Wildlife Service policy delineating three distinct yet overlapping categories. The analysis reveals three insights applicable to other areas of environmental law. First, although diversity and health emphasize important aspects of nature protection, integrity is becoming the umbrella concept that encompasses the needs of well functioning landscapes. Second, the effectiveness of …