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2004

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A Role For Tbx5 In Proepicardial Cell Migration During Cardiogenesis, Cathy J. Hatcher, Nata Diman, Minsu Kim, David Pennisi, Yan Song, Marsha M. Goldstien, Takashi Mikawa, Craig T. Basson Jan 2004

A Role For Tbx5 In Proepicardial Cell Migration During Cardiogenesis, Cathy J. Hatcher, Nata Diman, Minsu Kim, David Pennisi, Yan Song, Marsha M. Goldstien, Takashi Mikawa, Craig T. Basson

PCOM Scholarly Works

Transcriptional regulatory cascades during epicardial and coronary vascular development from proepicardial progenitor cells remain to be defined. We have used immunohistochemistry of human embryonic tissues to demonstrate that the TBX5 transcription factor is expressed not only in the myocardium, but also throughout the embryonic epicardium and coronary vasculature. TBX5 is not expressed in other human fetal vascular beds. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analyses of human embryonic tissues reveals that unlike their epicardial counterparts, delaminating epicardial-derived cells do not express TBX5 as they migrate through the subepicardium before undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transformation required for coronary vasculogenesis. In the chick, Tbx5 is expressed in the …

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Effects Of Low Tide Rainfall On Intertidal Zone Material Cycling, Raymond Torres, Miguel A. Goni, George Voulgaris, Charles R. Lovell, James T. Morris Jan 2004

Effects Of Low Tide Rainfall On Intertidal Zone Material Cycling, Raymond Torres, Miguel A. Goni, George Voulgaris, Charles R. Lovell, James T. Morris

Faculty Publications

Sediment transport by rainfall-runoff processes is well documented for terrestrial landscapes but few studies have focused on rainfall-runoff effects in intertidal areas. Here we present geochemical analyses performed on sediment samples collected during low tide irrigation experiments, and tidal channel turbidity measurements taken during natural rainfall over North Inlet Marsh, South Carolina. Order of magnitude approximations indicate that a single 10 minute storm may entrain 8-15% of the local annual average sediment accumulation. This rainfall-entrained material is enriched in organic nitrogen and marine algal matter, and therefore of high nutritional quality.

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Accuracy Of Airborne Lidar-Derived Elevation: Empirical Assessment And Error Budget, Michael E. Hodgson, Patrick Bresnahan Jan 2004

Accuracy Of Airborne Lidar-Derived Elevation: Empirical Assessment And Error Budget, Michael E. Hodgson, Patrick Bresnahan

Faculty Publications

As part of a countywide large-scale mapping effort for Richland County, South Carolina, an accuracy assessment of a recently acquired lidar-derived data set was conducted. Airborne lidar (2-m nominal posting) was collected at a flying height of 1207 meters above ground level (AGL) using an Optech ALTM (Airborne Laser Terrain Mapper) 1210 system. Unique to this study are the reference point elevations. Rather than using an interpolation approach for gathering observed elevations at reference points, the x-y coordinates of lidar points were located in the field and these elevations were surveyed. Using both total-station-based and rapid-static GPS techniques, observed vertical …

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Maud's Barn, Sudye Cauthen Jan 2004

Maud's Barn, Sudye Cauthen

The Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Journal of Florida Literature

No abstract provided.

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"Dawn And Doom Was In The Branches": Nature, Vodou And The Pastoral Impulse In Their Eyes Were Watching God, Christopher Rieger Jan 2004

"Dawn And Doom Was In The Branches": Nature, Vodou And The Pastoral Impulse In Their Eyes Were Watching God, Christopher Rieger

The Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Journal of Florida Literature

No abstract provided.

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Marjory Stoneman Douglas And The Invasion Of Florida, F. Waage Jan 2004

Marjory Stoneman Douglas And The Invasion Of Florida, F. Waage

The Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Journal of Florida Literature

No abstract provided.

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In Praise Of A Skeletal Apa: Judicial Discretion, Remedies For Agency Inaction And Apa Amendment, William D. Araiza Jan 2004

In Praise Of A Skeletal Apa: Judicial Discretion, Remedies For Agency Inaction And Apa Amendment, William D. Araiza

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Neuromechanical Control Of Locomotion In Intact And Incomplete Spinal Cord Injured Rats, Anil Kumar Thota Jan 2004

Neuromechanical Control Of Locomotion In Intact And Incomplete Spinal Cord Injured Rats, Anil Kumar Thota

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Rodent models are being extensively used to investigate the effects of traumatic injuryand to develop and assess the mechanisms of repair and regeneration. We presentquantitative assessment of 2D kinematics of overground walking and for the first time3D joint angle kinematics of all four limbs during treadmill walking in the intact and inincomplete spinal cord contusion injured (iSCI) adult female Long Evans rats. Phaserelationship between joint angles on a cycle-by-cycle basis and interlimb footfalls areassessed using a simple technique. Electromyogram (EMG) data from major flexor andextensor muscles for each of the hindlimb joints and elbow extensor muscles of theforelimbs synchronized to …

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Economic Analysis Of Cellulase Production By Clostridium Thermocellum In Solid State And Submerged Fermentation, Jun Zhuang Jan 2004

Economic Analysis Of Cellulase Production By Clostridium Thermocellum In Solid State And Submerged Fermentation, Jun Zhuang

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Dependence on foreign oil remains a serious issue for the U.S. economy. Additionally, automobile emissions related to petroleum-based, fossil fuel has been cited as one source of environmental problems, such as global warming and reduced air quality. Using agricultural and forest biomass as a source for the biofuel ethanol industry, provides a partial solution by displacing some fossil fuels. However, the use of high cost enzymes as an input is a significant limitation for ethanol production.Economic analyses of cellulase enzyme production costs using solid state cultivation (SSC) are performed and compared to the traditional submerged fermentation (SmF) method. Results from …

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Organizational Economics And The Food Processing Industry, Benjamin M. Tirrell Jan 2004

Organizational Economics And The Food Processing Industry, Benjamin M. Tirrell

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The food processing industry is dominated by large corporations. These firms play a critical role in forming the derived demand faced by agricultural producers, but little is understood about how these companies make strategic choices. Organizational economics provides a framework for exploring the firm's decision process. However, several theories exist in this discipline, operating in fundamentally different ways. This paper examines the two prevalent organizational theories, Transaction Cost Economics and Agency Theory, through a study of the food processing industry. This sector is thoroughly analyzed in order to make predictions from each theory regarding the aspects of capital structure and …

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Order In The Court: Judicial Stability And Democratic Success In Haiti, Ben J. Scott Jan 2004

Order In The Court: Judicial Stability And Democratic Success In Haiti, Ben J. Scott

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Haiti faces many challenges in its attempt to build a stable, liberal democracy. Haitians have endured a legacy of chaotic and heavy-handed rule in recent decades, and the success of democracy in Haiti is both hoped for and doubted by Haitians and the international community. One reason for the doubts has been the failure of the Haitian government successfully to implement free and fair elections. Citizens and candidates are often hesitant even to participate in elections. Though both were tragic, neither the failed legislative and presidential elections of 2000, nor the subsequent coup d'etat in 2004 that resulted in the …

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The World Trade Organization And Participatory Democracy: The Historical Evidence, Peter M. Gerhart Jan 2004

The World Trade Organization And Participatory Democracy: The Historical Evidence, Peter M. Gerhart

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Although the World Trade Organization (WTO) is one of the most significant international institutions, its function, domain, and legitimacy are still heavily contested. The Author examines the history of the founding of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the WTO's predecessor, to see what history reveals about the role that GATT was originally expected to fulfill. The Author's interpretive examination shows that GATT's founders recognized that trade policy must be internationalized in order to give one country an opportunity to participate in the policy-making of other countries; otherwise, a county can impose costs on other countries without representation …

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Strafford County 2003 Annual Report Of The Commissioners, Treasurer, Other County Officers And The Strafford County Delegation Strafford County, New Hampshire For The Year Ending December 31, 2003., Stafford County Representatives Jan 2004

Strafford County 2003 Annual Report Of The Commissioners, Treasurer, Other County Officers And The Strafford County Delegation Strafford County, New Hampshire For The Year Ending December 31, 2003., Stafford County Representatives

Strafford County, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a county in the state of New Hampshire.

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The Implementation Of Fda Determinations In Litigation: Why Do We Defer To The Pto But Not To The Fda?, William G. Childs Jan 2004

The Implementation Of Fda Determinations In Litigation: Why Do We Defer To The Pto But Not To The Fda?, William G. Childs

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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Changing Channels And Bridging Divides: The Failure And Redemption Of American Broadcast Television Regulation, Anthony E. Varona Jan 2004

Changing Channels And Bridging Divides: The Failure And Redemption Of American Broadcast Television Regulation, Anthony E. Varona

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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Lessons From The Interaction Of Biotechnology, Intellectual Property And World Needs, Charles C. Muscoplat Jan 2004

Lessons From The Interaction Of Biotechnology, Intellectual Property And World Needs, Charles C. Muscoplat

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

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Pluma Fronteriza: Newsletter Of Latino/Chicano(A) Writers From The El Paso And Cd. Juárez Border Region, Utep Chicano Studies Jan 2004

Pluma Fronteriza: Newsletter Of Latino/Chicano(A) Writers From The El Paso And Cd. Juárez Border Region, Utep Chicano Studies

Chicano Studies

Electonic newsletter of Latino/Chicano(a) writers from the El Paso-Cd. Juarez border region.

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Flight Muscle–Specific Expression Of Act88f: Gfp In Transgenic Culex Quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae), Margaret L. Allen, Bruce M. Christensen Jan 2004

Flight Muscle–Specific Expression Of Act88f: Gfp In Transgenic Culex Quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae), Margaret L. Allen, Bruce M. Christensen

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A strategy to engineer a strain of Culex mosquitoes refractory to filarial transmission is described. A requirement for success of the strategy is identification of a flight muscle–specific promoter that functions in the mosquito. A GFP marker gene under the control of the promoter region of the Drosophila melanogaster act88F gene was inserted into the genome of Culex quinquefasciatus. Transformation was confirmed by Mendelian genetics. Hy-bridization of a genomic Southern blot to a radiolabeled probe verified that the entire donor plasmid integrated into the mosquito genome. GFP expression in the transgenic mosquitoes was restricted to the flight muscles.

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Supercooling Differences In The Eastern Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Brian J. Cabrera, Shripat T. Kamble Jan 2004

Supercooling Differences In The Eastern Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Brian J. Cabrera, Shripat T. Kamble

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Supercooling points were determined for untreated field-collected and untreated laboratory-maintained Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) workers and soldiers. Workers treated with antibiotics or had their hindgut-protozoa removed by exposing them to oxygen under pressure to determine the effects of absence of the hindgut fauna on supercooling. Supercooling points were compared be-tween live and freshly killed workers to determine whether supercooling in this species might be simply due to the biochemical properties of body fluids. Laboratory-maintained workers were also subjected to desiccation, starvation, or atmospheric pressure to determine their effects on supercool-ing. Supercooling points were lowest for laboratory workers treated with antibiotics and …

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Alfalfa: Simulated Clover Leaf Weevil Injury And Alfalfa Yield And Quality, Rodney A. Madsen, Thomas E. Hunt, Leon G. Higley Jan 2004

Alfalfa: Simulated Clover Leaf Weevil Injury And Alfalfa Yield And Quality, Rodney A. Madsen, Thomas E. Hunt, Leon G. Higley

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The clover leaf weevil (Hypera punctata F.) is a sporadic but potentially serious pest of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Feeding of newly emerged adult fourth instar clover leaf weevil was simulated in a field study at the University of Nebraska Haskell Agricultural Research Lab near Concord, Nebraska, in May 2001 and 2002. Twelve 1- by 1-m plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three treatments and four replications. Treatments consisted of two levels of simulated clover leaf weevil defoliation of alfalfa and an undefoliated check. Leaflets were removed over 10 d. Dry matter yield and …

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Phospholipase A2 In Salivary Glands Isolated From Tobacco Hornworms, Manduca Sexta, Hasan Tunaz, David W. Stanley Jan 2004

Phospholipase A2 In Salivary Glands Isolated From Tobacco Hornworms, Manduca Sexta, Hasan Tunaz, David W. Stanley

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We describe a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) associated with the salivary glands of tobacco hornworms, Manduca sexta. This enzyme is able to hydrolyze arachidonic acid from the sn-2 position of PLs. Addition of the calcium chelator, EGTA, or calcium, to the Tris reaction buffer impaired the PLA2 activity, from which we infer the enzyme requires very low concentrations of calcium or perhaps other ions for optimal activity. PLA2 activity was sensitive to protein concentration (highest activity at 25 μg protein per μl), reaction time (optimal at 30 min), buffer pH (optimal at pH 8–10), …

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Effects Of Distance From Cattle Water Developments On Grassland Birds, Andrea L. Fontaine, Patricia L. Kennedy, Douglas H. Johnson Jan 2004

Effects Of Distance From Cattle Water Developments On Grassland Birds, Andrea L. Fontaine, Patricia L. Kennedy, Douglas H. Johnson

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Many North American grassland bird populations appear to be declining, which may be due to changes in grazing regimes on their breeding areas. Establishment of water developments and confining cattle (Bos taurus L.) to small pastures often minimizes spatial heterogeneity of cattle forage consumption, which may lead to uniformity in vegetative structure. This increased uniformity may provide suitable habitat for some bird species but not others. We assessed how cattle use, vegetative structure, and bird population densities varied with increasing distance from water developments (0-800 m) on the Little Missouri National Grassland (LMNG) in North Dakota. Lark buntings ( …

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Impacts Of Water Development On Aquatic Macroinvertebrates, Amphibians, And Plants In Wetlands Of A Semi-Arid Landscape, Ned H. Euliss Jr., David M. Mushet Jan 2004

Impacts Of Water Development On Aquatic Macroinvertebrates, Amphibians, And Plants In Wetlands Of A Semi-Arid Landscape, Ned H. Euliss Jr., David M. Mushet

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

We compared the macroinvertebrate and amphibian communities of 12 excavated and 12 natural wetlands in western North Dakota, USA, to assess the effects of artificially lengthened hydroperiods on the biotic communities of wetlands in this semi-arid region. Excavated wetlands were much deeper and captured greater volumes of water than natural wetlands. Most excavated wetlands maintained water throughout the study period (May to October 1999), whereas most of the natural wetlands were dry by June. Excavated wetlands were largely unvegetated or contained submergent and deep-marsh plant species. The natural wetlands had two well-defined vegetative zones populated by plant species typical of …

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Invertebrate Egg Banks Of Restored, Natural, And Drained Wetlands In The Prairie Pothole Region Of The United States, Robert A. Gleason, Ned H. Euliss Jr., Daniel E. Hubbard, Walter G. Duffy Jan 2004

Invertebrate Egg Banks Of Restored, Natural, And Drained Wetlands In The Prairie Pothole Region Of The United States, Robert A. Gleason, Ned H. Euliss Jr., Daniel E. Hubbard, Walter G. Duffy

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

Analogous to ‘seed banks,’ ‘egg banks’ are important for seasonal succession and maintenance of invertebrate species diversity throughout wet and dry cycles in the prairie pothole region. Further, recruitment of invertebrates from relic egg banks in the sediments and dispersal of eggs into wetlands is believed to be important for reestablishment of invertebrates in recently restored wetlands. Although tens-of thousands of wetlands have been restored in the prairie pothole region of the United States, studies have not been conducted to evaluate the recovery of invertebrate egg banks in restored wetlands. We used taxon richness and abundance as indicators of potential …

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Genetic Diversity And Structure Of The Fisher (Martes Pennanti) In A Peninsular And Peripheral Metapopulation, Samantha M. Wisely, Steven W. Buskirk, Gregory A. Russell, Keith B. Aubry, William J. Zielinsky Jan 2004

Genetic Diversity And Structure Of The Fisher (Martes Pennanti) In A Peninsular And Peripheral Metapopulation, Samantha M. Wisely, Steven W. Buskirk, Gregory A. Russell, Keith B. Aubry, William J. Zielinsky

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Evolutionary processes can be strongly affected by landscape features. In vagile carnivores that disperse widely, however, genetic structure has been found to be minimal. Using microsatellite DNA primers developed for other mustelids, we found that populations of a vagile forest carnivore, the fisher (Martes pennanti), exhibit high genetic structure (FST = 0.45, SE = 0.07) and limited gene flow (Nm < 1) within a .1,600-km narrow strip of forested habitat; that genetic diversity decreases from core to periphery; and that populations do not show an equilibrium pattern of isolation-by-distance. Genetic structure was greater at the periphery than at the core of the distribution and our data fit a 1-dimensional model of stepping-stone range expansion. Multiple lines of paleontological and genetic evidence suggest that the fisher recently (<5,000 years ago) expanded into the mountain forests of the Pacific coast. The reduced dimensionality of the distribution of the fisher in western coastal forests appears to have contributed to the high levels of structure and decreasing diversity from north to south. These effects were likely exacerbated by human-caused changes to the environment. The low genetic diversity and high genetic structure of populations in the southern Sierra Nevada suggest that populations in this part of the geographic range are vulnerable to extinction.

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Trends In Fire Patterns In A Southern African Savanna Under Alternative Land Use Practices, Andrew T. Hudak, Dean H.K. Fairbanks, Bruce H. Brockett Jan 2004

Trends In Fire Patterns In A Southern African Savanna Under Alternative Land Use Practices, Andrew T. Hudak, Dean H.K. Fairbanks, Bruce H. Brockett

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Climate, topography, vegetation and land use interact to influence fire regimes. Variable fire regimes may promote landscape heterogeneity, diversification in vegetation pattern and biotic diversity. The objective was to compare effects of alternative land use practices on landscape heterogeneity. Patch characteristics of fire scars were measured from 21 annual burn maps produced from 1972 to 2001 Landsat imagery. Trends in fire patterns under alternative land use practices were compared across a 250,000 ha savanna in southern Africa partitioned into three land use zones. Zone 1, Madikwe Game Reserve (MGR), has had mostly prescribed fires since 1993. Zone 2, cattle farms …

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Cd46-Mediated Transduction Of A Species D Adenovirus Vaccine Improves Mucosal Vaccine Efficacy, Zenaido T. Camacho, Mallory A. Turner, Michael A. Barry, Eric A. Weaver Jan 2004

Cd46-Mediated Transduction Of A Species D Adenovirus Vaccine Improves Mucosal Vaccine Efficacy, Zenaido T. Camacho, Mallory A. Turner, Michael A. Barry, Eric A. Weaver

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The high levels of preexisting immunity against Adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) have deemed Ad5 unusable for translation as a human vaccine vector. Low seroprevalent alternative viral vectors may be less impacted by preexisting immunity, but they may also have significantly different phenotypes from that of Ad5. In this study we compare species D Ads (26, 28, and 48) to the species C Ad5. In vitro transduction studies show striking differences between the species C and D viruses. Most notably, Ad26 transduced human dendritic cells much more effectively than Ad5. In vivo imaging studies showed strikingly different transgene expression profiles. The …

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Phylogenetic Analyses Of Texas Isolates Indicate An Evolving Subtype Of The Clade B Feline Immunodeficiency Viruses, Eric A. Weaver, Ellen W. Collisson, Margaret Slater, Guan Zhu Jan 2004

Phylogenetic Analyses Of Texas Isolates Indicate An Evolving Subtype Of The Clade B Feline Immunodeficiency Viruses, Eric A. Weaver, Ellen W. Collisson, Margaret Slater, Guan Zhu

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Rigorous phylogenetic analyses were used to compare the nucleotide sequences of feline immunodeficiency virus strains isolated from Texas and throughout the world. The envelope V3-V4 sequences and capsid gene of the Texas isolates formed a cluster between subtypes B and E. Statistical comparisons with other published sequences confirmed that the Texas group is a unique cluster, possibly a new subtype, arising from subtype B.

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Patterns Of Variation In Clutch Sizes In A Guild Of Temperate-Nesting Dabbling Ducks, Gary Krapu, Ronald Reynolds, Glen Sargeant, Randy Renner Jan 2004

Patterns Of Variation In Clutch Sizes In A Guild Of Temperate-Nesting Dabbling Ducks, Gary Krapu, Ronald Reynolds, Glen Sargeant, Randy Renner

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

We investigated patterns and causes of variation in clutch sizes in a guild of five species of temperate-nesting dabbling ducks (Mallard [Anas platyrhynchos], Northern Pintail [“pintail,” A. acuta], Gadwall [A. strepera], Blue-winged Teal [“teal,” A. discors], and Northern Shoveler [“shoveler,” A. clypeata]) during 1993–1995 in the Prairie Pothole Region of midcontinental North America. Clutch sizes (mean ± SE) were largest for teal (10.80 ± 0.03), followed in descending order by those of shoveler (10.31 ± 0.05), Gadwall (9.92 ± 0.04), Mallard (8.91 ± 0.04), and pintail (7.66 ± 0.06). In Mallard, pintail, and …

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Bird Depredation, James F. Glahn, D. Tommy King Jan 2004

Bird Depredation, James F. Glahn, D. Tommy King

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

A survey of catfish producers by the United States Department of Agriculture, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health (CEAH) in 1996 indicated that the two primary sources of catfish losses in commercial operations were disease (45%) and wildlife (37%) (CEAH 1997a). A variety of avian and mammalian predators are amracred to aquaculture facilities in the United States (Parkhurs: er al. 1992) because ponds and open raceways provide a constant and readily accessible food supply for these animals. However, the mere presence of these predators arcund aquaculture faciliries does not necessarily mean that significant depredation problems are occurring. At catfish farms, …

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