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2004

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The London Coffee Bar 'Problem' Of The 1950s - An Eclectic Design Challenge To The Universalism Of Modernism., Matthew Partington Nov 2004

The London Coffee Bar 'Problem' Of The 1950s - An Eclectic Design Challenge To The Universalism Of Modernism., Matthew Partington

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In his 1957 article, ‘Shoes, Hair and Coffee’, Toni del Renzio identified London coffee bars as one of the places where, ‘a real and genuine popular modern architecture is being created, as outstanding and as anonymous as the gipsy baroque of the fairground used to be. It is in undeniable opposition to the timid, dull and understated pretentiousness that does duty for modern English architecture.' This paper will compare this description of a ‘genuine popular modern architecture’ with other articles about coffee bars in the design and architecture journals of the mid nineteen fifties4.

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Kinds Of Anthropomorphic Form., Carl Disalvo, Jodi Forlizzi, Francine Gemperle Nov 2004

Kinds Of Anthropomorphic Form., Carl Disalvo, Jodi Forlizzi, Francine Gemperle

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper is a report on ongoing basic design research into anthropomorphic forms in design. With this research, we are building a core of design knowledge to inform both design studies and design practice. Our intention is to present an understanding of anthropomorphic forms that can be used for the interpretation and critique of existing forms and provide guidance in the use of anthropomorphic forms in new products. Towards these ends we are interested in three fundamental questions; what are the kinds of anthropomorphic forms, how are anthropomorphic forms created, and how are anthropomorphic forms used. In this paper we …

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Translating And Extending Gestalt Grouping Principles To Include Time To Establish A Research Framework In Which To Study Motion., Jinsook Kim, Sharon Helmer Poggenpohl Nov 2004

Translating And Extending Gestalt Grouping Principles To Include Time To Establish A Research Framework In Which To Study Motion., Jinsook Kim, Sharon Helmer Poggenpohl

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper introduces the grouping principles of Gestalt in motion. The motion attributes of speed, direction and duration are embedded in two events: transformation, meaning the act of changing in appearance, and transposition, meaning the act of moving position in space. In extending Gestalt principles from 2D, the following investigations will be visually demonstrated. 1 What is “closeness” in time that can explain proximity in motion? 2 What is “likeness” in time that can explain similarity in motion? 3 What is “absence but presence” in time that can explain closure in motion? 4 What is “correspondence” in time that can …

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Relearning Typography: Introducing A Cross-Disciplinary Typographic Framework., Joyce S R Yee Nov 2004

Relearning Typography: Introducing A Cross-Disciplinary Typographic Framework., Joyce S R Yee

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Current theory and vocabulary used to describe typographic practice and scholarship are based on a historically print-derived framework. As yet, no new paradigm has emerged to address the divergent path that screen-based typography is taking from its traditional print medium. Screen-based typography is becoming as common and widely used as its print counterpart. It is now timely to re-evaluate current typographic references and practices under these environments, which introduces a new visual language and form. This paper describes a study that utilises a combination of empirical methods and action research projects to form a new conceptual framework for the understanding …

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What Is The Future Of Interactive Multi-User Systems?, Mark Palmer Nov 2004

What Is The Future Of Interactive Multi-User Systems?, Mark Palmer

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The research objective concerns the creation of genuine multi-user systems. This work arises from the creation of immersive systems and the philosophical critique of the assumptions made by discourses that seek to understand the digital. Although in philosophical terms this has focused on an immanent rather than transcendent ontology it is also possible to understand this approach through the ‘discoveries’ of complexity theory; concepts through which research can develop practical strategies that can be employed in the creation of these systems.

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A Study On Visualizing Process And Effective Communication In An Edesign Project., Juhyun Eune Nov 2004

A Study On Visualizing Process And Effective Communication In An Edesign Project., Juhyun Eune

DRS Biennial Conference Series

A new design field called eDesign appears as if eBiz is an online related business in which an industrialized design creates the individual value added facing a digital revolution. The field of eDesign requires a special design process and management methodology regardless of the fact that human sensitivity will be satisfied through a dehumanized computer technique. However, it is the reality of eDesign that has been dependent upon a simple process or project management tool of general design. In this study, we develop an eDesign platform based on an eDesign process and template mainly focused on eBusiness in order to …

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Choreographing Augmented Spaces, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal Nov 2004

Choreographing Augmented Spaces, Andrew Morrison, Ole Smørdal

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In Windows and Mirrors: Interaction Design, Digital Art, and the Myth of Transparency, Bolter and Gromala (2003) argue that every digital artifact shifts between being transparent and reflective. Discussing the potential of the interfaces of electronic arts for wider digital design practices and theories, these writers argue that we need to look both through and at the interface. The paper argues that in the domain of electronic arts the development of augmented expressive spaces needs further discussion on the place of mixed media types and expressive forms. We aim to explore how augmented spaces may be seen as extending beyond …

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'Flashback': Tracing Developments From Electronic Paper To Dynamic Environments In The Software Flash., Synne Skjulstad Nov 2004

'Flashback': Tracing Developments From Electronic Paper To Dynamic Environments In The Software Flash., Synne Skjulstad

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will argue that a shift has taken place on the World Wide Web from a mode of written electronic documents to dynamic interfaces – that is structurally, metaphorically and aesthetically. I emphasize the role of the software Macromedia Flash in the emergence of contemporary web interface design, and how designs made in this software may be seen to challenge established notions of the web ‘page’. In presenting a ‘flashback’ into the use of Flash in late 1990s web design, this paper presents a compressed retrospective of some developments of website interface design from early use of the software …

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The Creative Process In Practice Based Design Research., Kaja Tooming Nov 2004

The Creative Process In Practice Based Design Research., Kaja Tooming

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design research, especially practice-based design research is a relatively new field. One of the most important inquiries in this area is how practical experiments can promote and develop theoretical enquiry. In particular, could the artistic or design experiment function as a legitimate "context of discovery" within research so that the practical results of that experimentation are both themselves an integral part of the research and, when analyzed as to their implications, contribute to theory-generation? My aim in this paper is to illuminate the possibility of practice-based design research by means of a concrete example where the experimental production of new …

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Design Methods For Cross-Cultural Collaborative Design Project., Kun-Pyo Lee Nov 2004

Design Methods For Cross-Cultural Collaborative Design Project., Kun-Pyo Lee

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As ‘globalization’ becomes hot buzzword, designers begin to deal with culture in serious manner than ever. However, in design field, major topics in cultural design have been limited mainly around identifying aesthetic stereotypes such as national shape or color preferences. Furthermore, major methods of cultural design were limited only in designer’s personal intuition or pencil and paper survey that requires time and effort. Considering these background and needs of the study, the study sets the objective as ‘to develop frameworks of design methods for cross-cultural collaborative design project.’ At first, culture was defined as one having structure with multi-layers including …

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Relating Social Contextual Knowledge To Graphic Designers' Practice., Stan Mauger Nov 2004

Relating Social Contextual Knowledge To Graphic Designers' Practice., Stan Mauger

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design is a conceptual activity that draws heavily on acquired design knowledge through practice. The role that designers place on knowledge of social contexts in their conceptual processes is highly variable and often unrecognised or undervalued by them in their practice. The ethnographic study upon which this paper is based used case studies to investigate this question. It considered the relative importance that a number of New Zealand graphic designers placed on bringing contextual knowledge into their practice. Graphic designers in the study had varying experience and worked in different types of firms and areas of the graphic design …

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Kansei Design Approach Based On Tangible Interaction Explicit Images Of 3d Objects And Evaluation Of Various Behaviors Related With Creation/Imagination By Analysis Of Brain Waves., Sunghee Lee Nov 2004

Kansei Design Approach Based On Tangible Interaction Explicit Images Of 3d Objects And Evaluation Of Various Behaviors Related With Creation/Imagination By Analysis Of Brain Waves., Sunghee Lee

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study aims to provide an understanding of the Kansei evaluation model in human sciences and its practical use of design interaction. Kansei means subjective criteria work on the emotional aspects of events (Lee, 2000). In a previous study (Lee, 2001), we found several effects of Kansei for evaluation when people appreciate or create paintings or products. This paper describes how Kansei works on design approaches and the relationship it has with personality through brain waves. And finally shows some examples of practical Kansei design approach by tangible interaction. Kansei works differently by people, events, and environments and it brings …

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Strange Manifestations Of Three-Dimensional Intelligence In The Digital Era., Martin John Richardson, Steven Brown Nov 2004

Strange Manifestations Of Three-Dimensional Intelligence In The Digital Era., Martin John Richardson, Steven Brown

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Digital holography is arguably the most advanced form of visual recording to date. But are holograms "mere" recordings of objective visual reality or creative artefacts capable of expression, interpretation and deception? The same question was asked of photography in the early 19th century. Dismissed originally by artists as a mechanical recording medium, it became in the hands of pioneers such as Bresson and Brandt a subtle artistic tool capable of the most delicate expression and artful deception. Skilfully selective framing of the image, manipulation of objects and lighting in the scene can transform the banal into the dramatic or reduce …

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Collaborative Design Activity: The Inclusion Of Human Affect Processes In Design Theory About Collaboration In Design., Terence Love Nov 2004

Collaborative Design Activity: The Inclusion Of Human Affect Processes In Design Theory About Collaboration In Design., Terence Love

DRS Biennial Conference Series

his paper reports the findings of research aimed at identifying appropriate ways forward in building design theory about collaborative design activities that take into account new research findings from cognitive neuro-science about the roles of affect, emotion and feeling in human interactions and perceptions. Human affective processes are essential to many aspects of collaborative designing. These include: individual design cognition; communication between collaborators and stakeholders; individual understanding, valuing and judging of elements of design problems and solutions; optimisation processes; individual and group closure processes; power-based/ hegemonic manipulations; and negotiations about elements of design problem, design solution and design processes. The …

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Designing Time: A Laboratory For Time Based Design., Birger Sevaldson Nov 2004

Designing Time: A Laboratory For Time Based Design., Birger Sevaldson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing Time is an experimental design studio at the Oslo School of Architecture, where the students are engaged in time based issues. The studio serves as a laboratory to invent, develop and test strategies and techniques relevant to time based design. Working with time helps students to develop the ability to investigate relations and systems and to understand these through time based analyses and abstraction. Working with time starts from observations of real life phenomena The observations ultimately lead to discovery of opportunities for interventions and in some cases innovation. The essay goes through several concepts and cases of time …

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New Tools For The Teaching Of Communication Design., Paul Cleveland Nov 2004

New Tools For The Teaching Of Communication Design., Paul Cleveland

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The basics of graphic design education have remained almost unchanged over the past 25 years. Apart from the introduction of computers and software as enabling tools, the concepts of what makes good design still relies on a mentoring or apprenticeship system. Knowledge and experience are transferred to the student through project work critiques, or by the analysis of seminal exemplars. Recent developments in generative design and computational models of focal visual attention indicate that software education tools for design based on professional experience and communications research can facilitate targeted design solutions.

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The Research-Exhibition: Some Useful On-Line Media For This Alternative Publication Format Of The Design Research Community., Alec Robertson Nov 2004

The Research-Exhibition: Some Useful On-Line Media For This Alternative Publication Format Of The Design Research Community., Alec Robertson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There is occasional discussion and studies done on the nature of design research and the success of its publication formats (1)(2)(3)(4). The topic was pursued by Rust and Robertson (5), who explored the notion of the ‘Research- Exhibition’ as an alternative to the research-paper at the DRS Biennial 2002 Common Ground Conference. This paper builds upon the experience of work on the on-line record of the experimental DRS Common Ground Exhibition 2002 (6), and reminds us of some of the general background issues identified by Rust and Robertson, its co- organisers. It provides further modest pointers as to possible use …

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Beyond Regularity: Questions Concerning Usefulness., Terry Rosenberg Nov 2004

Beyond Regularity: Questions Concerning Usefulness., Terry Rosenberg

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper advances a motion that ‘usefulness’ is a regularity (Foucault) that haunts the programme of design and severely restricts it. It will highlight the way design practice is, in the main, constrained by narrow determination of its use(s), generally, and notions of ‘usefulness’ in particular. It will move to explain the way that design(ing) is flattened ontologically by embedded notions of ‘usefulness’ and that these embedded notions have set for design and its discourse a deontic straitjacket. That is, a set of obligations and duties that set a regular delimitation of design and thus rigid intentions for outcomes in …

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Resistant Geometry, Architecture And Subjectivity., Tom Loveday Nov 2004

Resistant Geometry, Architecture And Subjectivity., Tom Loveday

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Can there be a de-subjectivised architectural design practice? This paper draws on some of the issues discussed in my PhD in regard to the relationship between art and architecture. The paper starts with the proposition that with the revival of visually aestheticised architectural design through digital representation, that there is a strengthening of “Enlightenment Subjectivity” in architectural design. It is proposed that this strengthening draws design in architecture away from trends towards de- subjectivisation in other disciplines such as art theory and philosophy. It is expected that the conclusion to the paper will be that, due to this resurgence of …

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Principles Of Design Of Map Style Sign Displaying Detour., Yoshie Kiritani, Nariaki Sato, Kazuo Sugiyama, Kazuhiro Uchida, Masash Naito Nov 2004

Principles Of Design Of Map Style Sign Displaying Detour., Yoshie Kiritani, Nariaki Sato, Kazuo Sugiyama, Kazuhiro Uchida, Masash Naito

DRS Biennial Conference Series

For design index of the map style sign to provide variable road information, experiments were conducted to measure comprehensibility of the sign, and so on. The design point was that the detour was animated and driver’s cognition was considered. As a result, the desirable presentation style of the detour was gradation animation, and, in this connection, the jam-up area should not be animated. The recommended size of letters, route marks, and pictograms was smaller than the current legal size in Japan. The readily available guideline of design of the map style sign was presented.

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Circa (Computer Interactive Reminiscence And Conversation Aid): The Collaborative Research Process In Context Challenge., Gary Gowans, Jim Campbell Nov 2004

Circa (Computer Interactive Reminiscence And Conversation Aid): The Collaborative Research Process In Context Challenge., Gary Gowans, Jim Campbell

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There are estimated to be more than eighteen million Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) sufferers worldwide. Other dementia related clinical condi tions would significantly expand this estimation, and with human populations progressively becoming older, the incidence of age-related cognitive impairment is set to grow proportionately. Quality of reminiscence therapy can vary enormously depending upon many variables e.g. availability of resources, location, type of care environment etc. Current practice often relies upon physical props, e.g. old photo-albums.

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Design And Morals In The Globalized Context., Robert Nelson Nov 2004

Design And Morals In The Globalized Context., Robert Nelson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper sets out to: • describe globalization in the context of product design, visual communication and multimedia; • describe the elements of design that matter in a moral sense and those that do not; • assess the vulnerability of design to pressure to become a promotional organ of global vanity; • explain the reluctance of authors to adopt a critical stance with regard to the vanity of many products; • identify the problems besetting design discourse, which cause it to be largely mute in the evaluation of design in the context of cultural life; and, • investigate the methodological …

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Reading Digital Clones In The Conservation Process., Matthew Cooke Nov 2004

Reading Digital Clones In The Conservation Process., Matthew Cooke

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores notions of ‘the virtual facsimile’, the copy and representation at a practice-oriented level and discusses them with relation to notions of ‘tracking’, ‘recording’ and ‘annotating’ design and design history through digital means. It begins by asking the question: if previsualisation software packages are useful in the representation phase of a construction project, how useful are they as markers and postvisualisation tools for pre-existing structures? Indeed, once modelled, how far departed from the original is the facsimile? Is it possible to extend the usefulness of these tools to include the representation of that which is already built and …

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Many Worlds Ethics., Michael Linzey Nov 2004

Many Worlds Ethics., Michael Linzey

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Storrs McCall proposes a model of the universe in which the future is understood to branch into many worlds. The future is thus radically different than the past. This model provides a most useable platform for addressing a diversity of theoretical and practical problems in relation to architectural ethics. The paper discusses one dimension of this: the design ethics of Daniel Libeskind’s scheme for the reconstruction of New York Ground Zero. In post-Enlightenment ethics, Hume’s law asserts that there is no deductive relation between whatever “is” in the real world and whatever other things and conditions “ought” to be in …

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The System Around The Product: Methodologies And Experiences Focusing On Material And Immaterial Aspects In Design Solutions., Nicola Morelli Nov 2004

The System Around The Product: Methodologies And Experiences Focusing On Material And Immaterial Aspects In Design Solutions., Nicola Morelli

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The design discipline has traditionally focused on products physical aspects, giving for granted that the context of services, infrastructures and technology will support the product life. A systemic perspective would revise such a focus, in order to project design competences over systemic aspects usually neglected by designers. This perspective shift is a challenge for designers, who have very efficient methods and tools to handle physical aspects of product design, but need to define an ‘operative paradigm’ to operate in a systemic context. An operative paradigm consists of a set of tools and methods to handle immaterial aspects such as time …

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The Abandoned Center: The Impact Of Complexity And Scale On Organizational Systems; Making The Case For A Design Approach., Harold Nelson, Erik Stolterman Nov 2004

The Abandoned Center: The Impact Of Complexity And Scale On Organizational Systems; Making The Case For A Design Approach., Harold Nelson, Erik Stolterman

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Businesses, governmental agencies and other large organizations face an intense challenge in today’s world. As these organizations become larger and more complex they often loose the focal point of their work—their center of gravity. Leaders, managers and administrators are unable to control the operations of the organization because specialization and diversification have created an abandoned center at the heart of their system. The challenge is to find a strategic approach for replacing the abandoned center with a whole center. In this paper we present three strategies for doing this, two of which are primarily based on reductionistic science and one …

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The Use Of Prototypes In Pre-Development Activities., Chris Conley Nov 2004

The Use Of Prototypes In Pre-Development Activities., Chris Conley

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Prototypes are commonly used in design and development activities to help understand aspects of an emerging design before it is complete. The use of prototypes before development begins, however, is essentially non-existent. Why is this so? Are prototypes simply a method for those who design and develop tangible artefacts? In spite of their wide spread use and reports of beneficial impact, there is surprisingly little theory or principles of prototyping. This lack of prototyping theory and principles may be one reason prototypes are not considered for use in a wider variety of situations such as strategy development or product planning. …

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Identification Of Graphic Character Influenced By The Design Of Characteristic Features., Regina Wang, Ting Chien Lin Nov 2004

Identification Of Graphic Character Influenced By The Design Of Characteristic Features., Regina Wang, Ting Chien Lin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design of character has been included one of the main factors in corporate identity system. It makes people to create an interactive connection of emotions in addition to enhance brand loyalty though its gratifying appearance. The characteristic feature performs the important role during the graphic character is being designed. It is able to create clear memory and impression for observers if the features of character were illustrated. The core of the investigation is to clarify the characteristic features demanded in identifying a character and to find out the importance of them. It is found that at least five characteristics …

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Being, Seeing And Being Seen: Accessing The Social Language Of Clothing Style For Use Within Design Research., Fiona Candy, John Mcaleavy Nov 2004

Being, Seeing And Being Seen: Accessing The Social Language Of Clothing Style For Use Within Design Research., Fiona Candy, John Mcaleavy

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper will introduce a new approach to the study of clothing and involves visual ethnographic research methods that can support empirical investigation in to the range of personal and social meanings associated with everyday styles of dress. It has been developed as a result of a multidisciplinary collaboration between fashion, video production, illustration, and animation designers. Research has involved street photography, one to one interviews, group clothing workshops, body language video documentation and post production experimentation with animation and rotoscoping digital imaging techniques. Initial findings are that our approach has a variety of potential applications for practitioners and researchers …

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Design As Change Agent., Carlos Teixeira Nov 2004

Design As Change Agent., Carlos Teixeira

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The goal of this study is to discuss the roles and responsibilities of designers in the process of envisioning and promoting change in people’s every day lives. According to Heskett (2002), “design is one of the basic characteristics of what it is to be human, and an essential determinant of the quality of human life. It affects everyone in every detail of every aspect of what they do throughout each day. As such, it matters profoundly. Very few aspects of the material environment are incapable of improvement in some significant way by greater attention being paid to their design.” This …

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