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Shallow-Water Reefs In Transition: Examples From Belize And The Bahamas, H. Allen Curran, Benjamin J. Greenstein

Arts & Sciences Faculty Publications

The plight of coral reefs throughout the Caribbean region has been widely reported by reef scientists. A variety of causes has lead to reefal decline, particularly in shallow waters. This study compares the responses of shallow-water reefs in Belize and the Bahamas to outbreaks of white­ band disease (WBD) and traces changes on these reefs to the early 2000s.

Prior to the mid-1980s, reef ridges of the Pelican Cays of Belize were constructed of luxu­ riant stands of Acropora cervicomis. As else­ where, this species suffered massive mortality in mid-1980s owing to WBD, and dead A. cervicor­ nis substrates were …

Distinguishing The Concept Of Strict Liability In Tort From Strict Products Liability: Medusa Unveiled, Charles E. Cantú

Faculty Articles

The justifications for strict products liability and other cases of strict liability in torts are different and distinct. The United States judiciary has limited strict liability in tort law to seven distinct scenarios: (1) animals that are trespassing, are domesticated but vicious, or are wild by nature; (2) fact situations involving ultra-hazardous activities; (3) nuisance; (4) misrepresentation; (5) vicarious liability; (6) defamation; or (7) a workman’s compensation statute.

Strict liability is imposed for harm caused by animals capable of inflicting extensive harm. It also justifies liability for ultra-hazardous activities on the basis that an individual undertakes an activity that is …

Erisa: A Co-Fiduciary Has No Right To Contribution And Indemnity, George Lee Flint Jr, Philip W. Moore Jr

Faculty Articles

Because retirement plans involve large amounts of money, large numbers of people, and fiduciaries with conflicts of interests, Congress designed ERISA to differ from traditional trust law to meet these specific needs and important policy concerns. Before ERISA, fiduciaries and employers often manipulated lack of oversight and conflict of interests to the detriment of the beneficiaries. ERISA raised the standards owed by fiduciaries and established a policing system that required professional fiduciaries to monitor non-professional fiduciaries, thereby forcing non-professional fiduciaries to leave the field or seek expert advice. These provisions created co-fiduciary liability by imputing the liability of the co-fiduciary …

The Clergy Sexual Abuse Crisis And The Spirit Of Canon Law, John J. Coughlin

Journal Articles

Recent revelations of cases in which Catholic priests have sexually abused minors over the course of the last five decades have drawn intense media scrutiny and public outrage. But discipline of the clergy for sexual offenses is not novel in the history of the Catholic Church, and canonical structures have long been in place to address the problem. This Article argues that the recent crisis has resulted in part from a failure to respect and enforce the relevant provisions of canon law. If bishops had fulfilled their duty to abide by the rule of law, especially in the cases involving …

Nature Through Sculpture, Jaewon Lee

Theses

"Human beings were born from nature and in death they return back to nature." This quote express how closely we are connected to nature which is defined a word as all the plants, animals and things that exist in the universe that are not made by people. We first came from nature, and in this complicated society, we sometimes feel like returning to the peaceful, magnificent and tranquil side of nature. Through my work, I would like to show his interpretation of how nature is. For example, a person can look at the ocean and feel peaceful, but someone else …

Sonogashira Coupling Routes To Ortho-Alkynl-And- Fused-Ring Sydnones, Andrew John Weisner

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

In the present work, suitably functionalized arylsydnones were used to synthesize a variety of ortho-alkynyl sydnones both as potential precursors to novel sydnoquinolines and to provide non-linear optical (NLO) species of interest to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB). The versatile intermediate, 3-(2-(trimethylsilylethynyl)phenyl)sydnone, was prepared in good yield by the coupling of 3-(2-iodophenyl)sydnone with trimethylsilyl acetylene under Sonogashira conditions. From this intermediate, several ortho-alkynyl sydnones were prepared via a one-pot desilylation with tetrabutylammonium fluoride and Sonogashira coupling with para-substituted aryl iodides. In addition, a three-reaction-in-one-pot procedure was developed to access some of these species directly from 3-(2- iodophenyl)-sydnone. Subsequent reaction of …

Identification Of Gypsy Moth Defoliation In Ohio Using Landsat Data, Angela Lorraine Hurley

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The gypsy moth is one of the most devastating forest pests in North America. In late spring, gypsy moth larvae hatch from eggs laid the previous summer. During the next forty days, tens of thousands of these caterpillars eat up to one square foot of foliage each. The gypsy moth has established populations in several states, and dangerously fast-growing populations in several others. The state of Ohio is a critical area in the suppression of the gypsy moth because the front of gypsy moth advance passes through the state. Besides diminishing the aesthetic value of Ohio’s forests, gypsy moths also …

Feasibility Of Radiographic Absorptiometry Of The Mandible As An Osteoporosis Screening Method, Julie A. Skipper

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this work was to develop and evaluate single- and dual-energy radiographic absorptiometry (RA) for the measurement of mandibular bone mineral density (BMD), using standard dental equipment, that would allow for inexpensive and widespread osteoporosis screening. Accurately measured x-ray tube spectra are important for validating the simulations used in the design of the method. A constrained least-squares deconvolution technique for reducing the detector-induced blurring of the energy spectrum was developed. Application of this analytic correction to spectra acquired with a NaI-photomultiplier detector improved the measured data by 20-60%. Implementation of the screening method is accomplished by simultaneously acquiring …

Innovative Forced Response Analysis Method Applied To A Transonic Compressor, Timothy M. Hutton

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A set of inlet guide vane (IGV) unsteady surface pressure measurements of a transonic compressor is presented. Using a flexible pressure sensor array, unsteady IGV suction-surface and pressure-surface pressures are acquired for six spanwise by five chordwise locations for various speed lines and throttle settings. Measurements from this sensor array are used to investigate unsteady vane/blade interaction aeromechanical forcing functions in a modern, highly loaded compressor stage. A significant effect is shown on the unsteady forced response of the IGV with changes in compressor operating point and IGV/rotor axial spacing for various span and chord locations. In particular, variations in …

Plastic Dissipation Energy In Mixed-Mode Fatigue Crack Growth On Ductile Bimaterial Interfaces, Jeremy S. Daily

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A new theory of fatigue crack growth in ductile solids has recently been proposed based on the total plastic energy dissipation per cycle ahead of the crack. This and previous energy-based approaches in the literature suggest that the total plastic dissipation per cycle can be closely correlated with fatigue crack growth rates under Mode I loading. The goal of the current study is to extend the dissipated energy approach to steady-state crack growth under mixed-mode loading conditions, with application to cyclic delamination of ductile interfaces in layered materials. The total plastic dissipation per cycle is obtained by 2-D elastic-plastic finite …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of A Viscoplastic Constitutive Model And Its Application For The Finite Element Analyses Of A Stirling Space Power Converter Heater Head, Ali Abdul-Aziz, David Krause, M. Tong

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

NASA has identified the Stirling power converter as a prime candidate for the next generation power system for space applications requiring 60,000 hours of operation. To meet this long-term goal, several critical components of the power converter were analyzed using advanced structural assessment methods. Perhaps the most critical component, because of its geometric complexity and operating environment, was the power converter’s heater head. Low-cycle fatigue and creep experiments on a nickelbase superalloy, Udimet 720 LI (lowinclusions) and viscoplastic analyses for the Stirling starfish heater head were conducted. All testing was performed at temperatures of 625 to 820±C in air. This …

A Deterministic Interfacial Cyclic Oxidation Spalling Model, James L. Smialek

United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration: Publications

A series summation has been developed to model the iterative scale growth and spalling process of cyclic oxidation.

Parabolic scale growth has been assumed. Interfacial spallation of a constant area fraction was stipulated to occur only at the thickest portions. Inputs are the parabolic growth rate constant, spall area fraction, oxide stoichiometry, and cycle duration. Outputs include the net weight change, amount of oxygen and metal consumed, and amount of oxide spalled. Classic weight change curves are produced with an initial maximum and final linear weight loss rate. This simplicity allowed for representation by explicit algebraic functions for all outputs …

Proposals To Expel Palestinians From The Occupied Territories As Catalyst For A Civil Adjudication Campaign, Catherine A. Rogers

Faculty Scholarship

I begin in Part II with a brief sketch of the history of stated policies to expel Palestinians from what is now Israel and the Occupied Territories, and then examine recent proposals that have been made and actions that have been taken to implement modern re-articulations of those historic policies. In Part III, I then review the grounds on which international law proscribes mass expulsions of indigenous and occupied peoples. While international law governing this issue is clear in its application and has been overwhelmingly endorsed by the larger international community, international law seems to have little influence on Israel's …

The Exercise Of Contract Freedom In The Making Of Arbitration Agreements, Thomas E. Carbonneau

Faculty Scholarship

A universal principle of contemporary arbitration law is that contract plays a vital role in the governance of arbitration. The vitality of that role can vary by legal system, court,statute, or treaty. Nonetheless, party agreement often provides the most significant rules for regulating arbitrations and conducting arbitral proceedings. This is especially true in international commercial arbitration. There, the lack of a functional transborder legislativeand adjudicatory process made contract the principal source of law for internationalcommercial transactions and arbitrations. Although law-making is more possible withinindividual national legal systems, the rule of contract freedom is also firmly established inmatters of domestic arbitration. …

Water Quality Today - Has The Clean Water Act Been A Success Symposium: The Clean Water Act At Thirty: Progress, Problems, And Potential, William L. Andreen

Articles

No abstract provided.

A Moral Perspective On Big Business Fair Share Of America's Tax Burden Symposium: Understanding The Intersection Of Business And Legal Ethics: Panel: Ideologies Of Entire Systems, Susan Pace Hamill

Articles

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Perspective On The First Amendment: Free Speech, Militant Democracy, And The Primacy Of Dignity As A Preferred Constitutional Value In Germany, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.

Articles

No abstract provided.

Free Speech As Risk Analysis: Heuristics, Biases, And Institutions In The First Amendment, Paul Horwitz

Articles

What does behavioral analysis of law have to offer First Amendment doctrine This Article offers some tentative answers to that question A great deal of First Amendment law asks whether the risk of harm stemming from particular speech acts can justify the regulation of that speech We may in short think of First Amendment law as a species of risk analysis Looking at free speech issues through the lens of behavioral analysis of law may help us to better understand evaluate and improve the courts approach to recurring problems in the First Amendment This Article focuses on two such issues …

Is There A Role For Lawyers In Preventing Future Enrons?, Kenneth M. Rosen, Jill E. Fisch

Articles

Following the collapse of the Enron Corporation, the ethical obligations of corporate attorneys have received increased scrutiny. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, enacted in response to calls for corporate reform, specifically requires the Securities and Exchange Commission to address the lawyer's role by requiring covered attorneys to "report up" evidence of corporate wrongdoing to key corporate officers, and, in some circumstances, to the board of directors. Failure to "report up" subjects a lawyer to liability under federal law.

This Article argues that the reporting up requirement reflects a second-best approach to corporate governance reform. Rather than focusing on the actors …

Aspects Of Conformal Field Theory From Calabi-Yau Arithmetic, Rolf Schimmrigk

Faculty Articles

This paper describes a framework in which techniques from arithmetic algebraic geometry are used to formulate a direct and intrinsic link between the geometry of Calabi-Yau manifolds and aspects of the underlying conformal field theory. As an application the algebraic number field determined by the fusion rules of the conformal field theory is derived from the number theoretic structure of the cohomological Hasse-Weil L-function determined by Artin's congruent zeta function of the algebraic variety. In this context a natural number theoretic characterization arises for the quantum dimensions in this geometrically determined algebraic number field.

Taking Educational Caste Seriously: Why Grutter Will Help Very Little From Brown To Grutter: Affirmative Action And Higher Education In The South, Bryan K. Fair

Articles

No abstract provided.

Love On The Oregon Trail: What The Story Of Maynard V. Hill Teaches Us About Marriage And Democratic Self-Governance Conference On Marriage Families And Democracy, Steven H. Hobbs

Articles

No abstract provided.

Crossroads And Blind Alleys: A Critical Examination Of Recent Writing About Race Book Review Essay, Richard Delgado

Essays, Reviews, and Shorter Works

No abstract provided.

Equal Access And The Public Forum: Pinette's Imbalance Of Free Speech And Establishment, Alberto B. Lopez

Articles

Donna's Law would allow individuals who fear suicide to prevent their own impulsive gun purchases. Research shows that many people would sign up, and versions of Donna's Law have passed in Washington State and Virginia. This study is the first to assess public support for enacting Donna's Law. We find broad support overall, including majority support among Republicans and gun owners. There is room for consensus around this voluntary measure to reduce gun suicide.

The Evolution Of Water Pollution Control In The United States - State, Local, And Federal Efforts, 1789-1972: Part I, William L. Andreen

Articles

This is the first article in a twopart series that explores the trends and developments that eventually led Congress to enact one of the most complex and significant pieces of legislation in history the Clean Water Act It examines the way in which water pollution evolved from a relatively simple local issue in the early years of the Republic into a complex state and regional problem by 1920 The article then examines the development of state regulation from 1869 to 1972 an account that covers the evolution of state agencies and regulatory innovations such as water quality standards and uniform …

The Effect Of Endodontic Solutions On Resorcinol-Formalin Paste In Teeth, Madelyn Gay Gambrel

Theses and Dissertations

This study determined if any of six endodontic solutions would have a softening effect on resorcinol-formalin paste in extracted teeth, and if there were any differences in the solvent action between these solutions. Forty-nine single-rooted extracted teeth were decoronated two mm coronal to the CEJ, and the roots sectioned apically to a standard length of 15 mm. Canals were prepared to a 12mm WL and a uniform size with a #7 Parapost drill. Teeth were then mounted in a cylinder ring with acrylic. The resorcinol-formalin mixture was placed into the canals and was allowed to set for 60 days in …

Robustly Transitive Sets And Heterodimensional Cycles, Christian Bonatti, Lorenzo J. Díaz, Enrique R. Pujals, Jorge Rocha

Publications and Research

It is known that all non-hyperbolic robustly transitive sets Λ_φ have a dominated splitting and, generically, contain periodic points of different indices. We show that, for a C¹-dense open subset of diffeomorphisms φ, the indices of periodic points in a robust transitive set Λ_φ form an interval in ℕ. We also prove that the homoclinic classes of two periodic points in Λ_φ are robustly equal. Finally, we describe what sort of homoclinic tangencies may appear in Λ_φ by studying its dominated splittings.

Simplified Shear Design Of Prestressed Concrete Members, Robert J. Frosch, Tyler S. Wolf

JTRP Technical Reports

Design methods for the shear resistance of reinforced and prestressed concrete beams are based on empirical evidence. Due to different approaches in their development different equations are used to calculate the shear strength of reinforced and prestressed concrete. Recent research conducted by Tureyen has proposed a simplified shear model for reinforced concrete which is primarily based upon mechanics and corresponds well with a wide range of test results. The objective of this research was to determine the applicability of the shear model to prestressed concrete. The applicability of the shear model was evaluated by a comparison of its results with …

Use Of Modulus Of Rupture, Fatigue Resistance And Maturity In Determining Opening To Traffic Time For Concrete Pavements, J. Olek, Menashi D. Cohen, Charles F. Scholer, Deepak R. Mandrekar

JTRP Technical Reports

The main objective of this experimental and analytical research project was to develop maturity-based guidelines for early opening-to-traffic of concrete pavements in the state of Indiana. Currently, the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) specifies that pavements can be opened to traffic when the concrete reaches the strength of at least 3.8 MPa (550 psi). During this study modulus of rupture (MOR) and maturity data were collected and strength gain characteristics were analyzed. Also, fatigue experiments were performed at different stress levels and ages. Based on the experimental results, modulus of rupture of concrete was correlated with corresponding fatigue life for …