Digital Commons Network^™

The Need For Handheld Computers In The Classroom, Joseph Nichols

Graduate Research Papers

The handheld computer has become a viable tool for education. It costs less, weighs less, and takes less space in the classroom than a desktop computer. This review of literature shows the merits of using handheld computers in the classroom. In order to appreciate the handheld computers, one needs to research the history of computers and how the handheld computer is being used in the corporate world, as well as by educators. By researching handheld computers past use and current trends, it should be possible to evaluate their impact in the classroom.

Factors Motivating Children To Read, Tanya Marie Ossman

Graduate Research Papers

Reading is the most important skill learned by children during their educational careers. The ability to read is mastered by children through the careful guidance from teachers and parents. Adults tend to assume that providing children with the skills to read will foster a desire to read. Whether or not children pick up books and read them from front to back is dependent upon their motivation to read. The results of this review will provide insight into what factors are involved in reading motivation and what programs are available for children who lack the motivation for reading.

Developmental Spelling Instruction Through Word Study, Elizabeth Ann Overstake

Graduate Research Papers

This article is an overview of word sorts and word study that has evolved from research in developmental spelling. The five stages of developmental spelling are described. Analysis of four students' writing samples from a second grade classroom was utilized in this study. Spelling inventories from Words Their Way were used three times throughout the year to evaluate developmental stages of spelling. This alternative approach to spelling instruction, including word sorting, writing sorts, speed sorts, and word hunts is discussed in this article.

Accelerated Reader And Its Impact On Reading Comprehension And Lifelong Literacy, Julie Whiston

Graduate Research Papers

Computerized reading assessment programs such as Accelerated Reader (AR) are becoming prevalent in reading classrooms. After their reading level is determined, students take quizzes over the books they read. Points are earned by answering quiz questions correctly. A reward is often associated with earning a certain amount of points. The assessment program has many advantages. Students are allowed to choose the books that they read, and the program depends upon students having access to a wide variety of trade books. When used correctly, the program has been shown to increase reading scores and encourages students to read independently (Topping & …

An Administrative Vision For Secondary Schools : A Reflective Essay, Chad A. Szabo

Graduate Research Papers

As I study leadership and reflect on the possibility of becoming a school administrator, I am convinced that my personal priorities and values will be challenged and must be clear. An administrative position encompasses a wide variety of responsibilities, skills, and wisdom. Most importantly the role also requires effective judgments and decisions to be made that are financially and legally sound. I continue to be introduced to many new perceptions and views of administrative leadership. Theories of leadership qualities and actions abound. I realize the importance of studying and understanding many different leadership ideas and approaches. It is important to …

Working With Gay And Lesbian Youth : The Counselor As Advocate, Kara L. Thompson

Graduate Research Papers

This paper addresses the challenges and barriers that gay and lesbian adolescent youth face during this period of t development. It specifically examines the feelings and stages of the coming out process and how gay and lesbian youth deal with this challenging time. The remainder of the paper outlines the role of the counselor in helping gay and lesbian youth. The paper addresses individual, group, and classroom interventions that may be used in assisting this marginalized population.

A Preferred Vision For Leading Elementary Schools : A Reflective Essay, Alvin B. Wright

Graduate Research Papers

My educational history has taken various routes. It has been a road of highs, lows, accomplishments, and disappointments. I have had the good fortune to be influenced by educators who were role models for me. My models have included teachers, administrators, and professors. The influence of their instruction and direction has helped to inspire and shape my vision to become a teacher and aspiring educational leader. I plan to use my teaching experiences, educational history, life experiences, and administrative preparation as cornerstones for my urban principalship.

Family-Centered Early Intervention : Principles And Process, Jody Albertson

Graduate Research Papers

This literature review begins by discussing the background and history of family-centered early intervention. State monitoring reports from the Office of Special Education Programs are discussed as evidence that there is a need for education and clarification regarding family-centered early intervention. Various viewpoints are reviewed regarding the definition and principles of family-centered services. The process of family-centered services is then discussed with a focus on assessment service delivery, and evaluation of services. In the discussion of family-centered assessment, the concept of family-centered assessment is discussed and various tools used in completing family-centered assessment are described. In the discussion of service …

Fragments, Editors Of Fragments

Fragments

No abstract provided.

Federalizing Birth Certificate Procedures, Jeffrey A. Parness

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

A natural father is usually afforded under American law the unique "opportunity... to develop a relationship with his offspring" born to an unwed mother as a result of consensual sexual intercourse. This paternity opportunity interest often merits federal constitutional due process protection. Its enforcement, however, is often impaired by unfair state paternity designation procedures, especially in birth certificate settings. Inadequate procedures cause systematic losses of parental rights for "many responsible" natural fathers. Under Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress can act to enforce better male parental rights. It should now unify certain birth certificate practices for all children born …

Address Register Assignment For Reducing Code Size, M. Kandemir, M. J. Irwin, G. Chen, J. Ramanujam

Faculty Publications

In DSP processors, minimizing the amount of address calculations is critical for reducing code size and improving performance since studies of programs have shown that instructions that manipulate address registers constitute a significant portion of the overall instruction count (up to 55%). This work presents a compiler-based optimization strategy to reduce the code size in embedded systems. Our strategy maximizes the use of indirect addressing modes with post-increment and post-decrement capabilities available in DSP processors. These modes can be exploited by ensuring that successive references to variables access consecutive memory locations. To achieve this spatial locality, our approach uses both …

The Silence Of The Labs, Don J. Deyoung

Defense Horizons

Something important to the Nation’s defense has vanished, yet the top Pentagon brass never noticed. Not the stuff of headlines, this loss would not arouse public concern, especially during these times of terrorist massacres, anthrax attacks, corporate scandal, and war. Nevertheless, like the miner’s canary that is first to die with the rush of an ill wind, this loss is a warning.

In the span of 18 months, the Department of Defense (DOD) lost a key part of its 25-year-old ability to perform fiber optics research at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), the only site with this world-class defense capability. …

Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses, Jeffery A. Goad, J Nguyen

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) viruses are diverse and include arenaviruses, bunyaviruses, filoviruses, and flaviviruses. Lassa fever, South American hemorrhagic fever (HF), Rift Valley HF, Crimean-Congo HF, Ebola, Marburg, yellow fever, and dengue fever are well known examples of the hemorrhagic fever viruses. They are often difficult to diagnose and treat resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Transmission varies from vector borne to person-to-person. The common clinical presentation includes fever, myalgia, microvascular damage, and hemorrahage as well as a history of travel to the tropics. If VHF is suspected, strict infection control procedures must be implemented to prevent the spread of …

Think Aloud Protocols: Teaching Reading Processes To Young Bilingual Students, Magaly Lavadenz Ph.D.

Practitioner Journal Articles

This digest describes the use of think-aloud protocols with young bilingual children. Qualitative findings from a small study with 12 first through third grade students in dual language programs demonstrated that think-alouds were used effectively with elementary school emergent bilingual learners. The evidence from this study suggests that instruction in reading strategies should be given to young bilingual students and that more research needs to be done in this area.

The Van Ert Methodology Of Domestic Reception, Jamie Cameron

Articles & Book Chapters

A review of Gibran van Ert's book: Using International Law in Canadian Courts. This review approaches the author's methodology of domestic reception from a constitutionalist's perspective.

Re-Configuring Non-Refoulement? The Suresh Decision, 'Security Relativism', And The International Human Rights Imperative, Obiora Chinedu Okafor, Pius Lekwuwa Okoronkwo

Articles & Book Chapters

This article critically analyses the decision of the decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in the Suresh Case, especially with regard to its underlying basis in doctoring and policy, and its implications for the non-refoulement norm. The principal conclusions of this article are as follows. In the first place, laudable as it mostly is, the Suresh decision is based on a number of apparently credible, although flawed, images of certain important policy and doctrinal assumptions and constructs. The decision relies on a conception of the desiderata for Canadian national security that is flawed on two scores - because its …

Taxing And Trading In Corporate Energy Activities: Pioneering Uk Reforms To Address Climate Change, Benjamin J. Richardson, Kiri L. Chanwai

Articles & Book Chapters

The landscape of UK environmental law is changing rapidly, with important implications for British companies. In recent years, energy activities have surfaced from the relative backwaters of UK environmental regulation to occupy the limelight. The reason is climate change. As the scientific prognosis of global warming firmed, and evidence of the likely economic and ecological ramifications became better understood, authorities in the UK and abroad have sought new policies and laws to stem greenhouse gas emissions. European Union (EU) and international authorities have also come to regard our reliance on dirty fossil fuels and profligate energy consumption as the greatest …

Diverging Trends In Worker Health And Safety Protection And Participation In Canada, 1985-2000, Eric Tucker

Articles & Book Chapters

Despite the comprehensiveness of neo-liberal restructuring in Canada, it has not proceeded uniformly in its timing or outcomes across regulatory fields and political jurisdictions. The example of occupational health and safety (OHS) regulation is instructive. This article compares recent OHS developments in five Canadian jurisdictions, Alberta, British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Ontario and the Federal jurisdiction. It finds that despite the adoption of a common model by all jurisdictions, there has recently been considerable divergence in the way that the elements of worker participation and protection have been combined. Modified power resource theory is used to explain a portion of this …

Ethical Finance In Britain: A Neglected Prerequisite For Sustainability, Benjamin J. Richardson

Articles & Book Chapters

Financial institutions play a central role in capital and debt markets, providing the finance that shapes development patterns, and thus environmental pressures. Environmental law has traditionally focused on development itself, but not the capital allocation function. Consequently, the underlying market dynamics and growth imperatives are not adequately addressed. To achieve sustainable development in Britain, new legal tools and policies to promote ethical financing in the financial services sector are necessary. This article explains why ethical financing is important to sustainability, surveys the range of financial institutions in Britain relevant to ethical finance, and makes recommendations to improve the regulatory and …

The Policy Inquiry: An Endangered Species?, John D. Mccamus

Articles & Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

Foreign Public Law And The Colour Of Comity: What's The Difference Between Friends?, Janet Walker

Articles & Book Chapters

The decision of in Reynolds Tobacco v AG Canada exposes marked differences in the approach taken in the US and Canada to the foreign public law exception, differences that can be traced to different approaches to the relationship between the institutions of government.

Thinking About Dispute Resolution, Trevor C. W. Farrow

Articles & Book Chapters

This is a review of Julie Macfarlane et al., eds. Dispute Resolution: Readings and Case Studies. 2nd ed. Toronto: Emond Montgomery, 2003.

Downstream Hydraulic Geometry Relations: 1. Theoretical Development, Vijay P. Singh, Chih Ted Yang, Z. Q. Deng

Faculty Publications

In this study, it is hypothesized that (1) the spatial variation of the stream power of a channel for a given discharge is accomplished by the spatial variation in channel form (flow depth and channel width) and hydraulic variables, including energy slope, flow velocity, and friction, and (2) that the change in stream power is distributed among the changes in flow depth, channel width, flow velocity, slope, and friction, depending on the constraints (boundary conditions) the channel has to satisfy. The second hypothesis is a result of the principles of maximum entropy and minimum energy dissipation or its simplified minimum …

The Perception Of Harmony In Combinations Of Blinking Visual Stimuli., Katharine Tepe, Donald J. Polzella, Greg C. Elvers

Psychology Faculty Publications

Research on the perception of musical harmony indicates that combinations of tones tend to be judged consonant when their respective frequencies are reducible to simple ratios. This phenomenon was studied in the visual mode by using combinations of two blinking lights as stimuli. Eight, two-light combinations were created whose frequency ratios corresponded to those of eight common musical intervals, e.g., octave, fifth. In a pair comparison task, participants judged which one of two, two-light combinations appeared more harmonious or blended. The judgments were compared to those obtained from studies of musical harmony by regressing the scaled auditory preferences onto the …

Health Risks From Exposure To Metal-Working Fluids In Machining And Grinding Operations, Kun Li, Fereydoun Aghazadeh, Selen Hatipkarasulu, Thomas G. Ray

Faculty Publications

Metal-working fluids (MWFs) are used in machining and grinding operations to cool the tool and work, reduce the friction between the tool and work, improve the surface integrity of the work piece, and increase tool life and productivity. Health problems have been reported among workers exposed to MWFs, including incidences of respiratory, digestive and skin cancers, and increased rates of cough and phlegm. This paper reviews and discusses issues concerning health risks from exposure to MWFs in machining and grinding operations, the various factors that influence the degree of exposure, and control methods to reduce exposure to metal-working fluids. © …

Design For Signal Integrity In High Frequency, High Density Circuit Boards, Juan Manuel Talavera Martinez

Theses

The electronics market is continually seeking fast and small high performance products. The clock frequency in computer systems is often above 2GHz and new generations of laptops have considerably reduced in size. These features make printed circuit board (PCB) design more difficult than in the past.

This thesis is an investigation of the current design of high speed PCB. The complexity of this type of circuit makes the designer needs an extensive knowledge of the techniques used to generate a reliable signalling, in other words, signal integrity. To achieve this objective, the design community has to overcome several problem related …

Near-Surface Currents In Desoto Canyon (1997–99): Comparison Of Current Meters, Satellite Observation, And Model Simulation, Dong-Ping Wang, Lie-Yauw Oey, Tal Ezer, Peter Hamilton

CCPO Publications

This study evaluates a data-assimilated model simulation of near-surface circulation in DeSoto Canyon (DSC), Gulf of Mexico, with emphasis on analyzing moored current-meter observations and comparing them with satellite data and model results. The study period is for two years from April 1997 to April 1999. The model results are from a high-resolution Gulf of Mexico model forced by analyzed wind and surface heat flux. Two types of data are used to deduce near-surface circulation: moored current meters at 13 locations in the DSC, and satellite sea level anomaly. The moored currents are mapped through multivariate objective analysis to produce …

The Temporally Filtered Navier-Stokes Equations: Propertes Of The Residual Stress, C. D. Pruett, T. B. Gatski, Chester E. Grosch, W. D. Thacker

CCPO Publications

Recent interest in the development of a unifying framework among direct numerical simulations, large-eddy simulations, and statistically averaged formulations of the Navier-Stokes equations, provides the motivation for the present paper. Toward that goal, the properties of the residual (subgrid-scale) stress of the temporally filtered Navier-Stokes equations are carefully examined. This includes the frame-invariance properties of the filtered equations and the resulting residual stress. Causal time-domain filters, parametrized by a temporal filter width 0infinity, the residual stress is equivalent to the long-time averaged stress, and the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are recovered from the temporally filtered equations. The predicted behavior at the …

Bio-Optical Properties Of The Labrador Sea, Glenn F. Cota, W. Glen Harrison, Trevor Platt, Shubha Sathyendranath, Venetia Stuart

CCPO Publications

Three cruises were conducted during fall and spring in the Labrador Sea to investigate the effects of bio-optical properties on satellite retrievals of phytoplankton chlorophyll in this important high-latitude ecosystem. Taxon-specific and regional differences were found. Diatoms had similar to 1.5 lower chlorophyll-specific absorption but significantly higher reflectance ratios than prymnesiophytes. Particulate absorption at 443 nm for total, phytoplankton, and "detrital'' fractions was related to chlorophyll, but values were lower than reported for lower latitudes. Decreased particulate absorption is attributed primarily to pigment packaging, while low backscattering to scattering ratios result from a lower relative abundance of bacteria and picophytoplankton …

The Harms Of Child Pornography Law, Bruce Ryder

Articles & Book Chapters

The author challenges the assumption that the expansion of child pornography offenses can lead only to a decrease in harm to children and to society. He argues that Canadian child pornography law is incoherent. In some respects, child pornography law makes valuable contributions to the prevention of child sexual abuse by targeting the production, dissemination and use of material ("real" child pornography) that involved harm in production. It also improves the law by criminalizing written and visual material that advocates the commission of sexual crimes against children and youth. In other respects, the law causes harm to society by suppressing …