Digital Commons Network^™

Supporting Decision-Making In The Battlefield: Utility Of Multimedia Information Transmission, Sandro Scielzo, Adams Greenwood-Ericksen

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

In the theatre of war, environmental and workload factors (e.g., noise, time pressure) may dramatically overburden operator's cognitive processes. Well designed multimedia technology can successfully minimize both intrinsic (working memory capacity) and extrinsic (inefficient use of information) sources of cognitive load, thereby facilitating the decision-making process. These positive mediating effects of multimedia technology can occur during three distinct phases of human information processing: 1) during sensorial information acquisition, by filtering out unnecessary environmental noise and transferring information via context-dependent modalities; 2) during decision-making, by making critical task-relevant cues more salient; and 3) following response execution, by providing necessary feedback to …

Evaluating Human Performance And Advanced Technology Design In Extreme Environments, J. Christopher Brill, Mustapha Mouloua, Peter A. Hancock, Robert S. Kennedy

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

Evaluating human performance in extreme environments offers unique challenges to human factors practitioners, researchers, and designers. Existing methodologies do not facilitate making cross-modal comparisons of cognitive-attentional demand levels. The present paper describes a multi-sensory protocol device for the evaluation of workload when assessing human performance and the differential demands placed upon sensory modalities.

Human Error: The Principal Cause Of Skydiving Fatalities, Christian L. Hart, James D. Griffith

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

Between 1993 and 2001, 308 people died while participating in civilian recreational skydives in the United States. Using a database generated by the United States Parachute Association, the authors of the present study conducted an analysis to determine the proportion of fatalities that were due to human error. The results of the analysis indicated that human error was the principal cause in 86% of the cases. Methods for reducing human error fatalities are suggested.

Mitigating The Negative Effects Of Stress In Space Flight: Atransactional Approach, Haydee M. Cuevas

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

The primary goal of this theoretical paper is to highlight how a transactional approach to investigating stressor effects during space flight can lead to a greater understanding of the complex processes by which humans adapt psychologically and physically to the adverse conditions encountered in this extreme environment.Transactional approaches conceptualize stress as occurring in the nature of the "transaction" (Le., interaction) between the individual and the stimulus environment, emphasizing the role of cognitive appraisal (Le., perceived ability to cope with the situation). Interventions that positively influence this cognitive appraisal process may, therefore, lessen the experience of stress and optimize human performance …

A Research Agenda For The United States Coast Guard, Krystal A. Bradley, Jeanne L. Weaver, Peter A. Hancock

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

Historically, the United States Coast Guard has not been widely recognized as an armed force relative to those branches housed under the Department of Defense. However, the country's implementation of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has resulted in an increased awareness of the Coast Guard as a critical agency in the country's line of defense. In large part, this change has occurred because the Coast Guard has been incorporated as a part of DHS while previously the agency was housed under the Department of Transportation. Consequently, many problems relating to the day to day operations of the Coast Guard …

Assessing Extension Internal Organizational Needs Through An Action Research And Learning Process, Michael Havercamp, Elizabeth Christiansen, Deborah Mitchell

Journal of Extension

A participatory action research and learning process was used to carry out an internal needs assessment for a statewide Extension organization in a western United States land-grant institution. Focus groups, a written questionnaire, and employee feedback sessions were utilized as a means of identifying strategic organizational issues, needs, and resources that the organization would prioritize based on a 5-year time frame. The research and learning process, discussion of the results, limitations of the study, and implications for similar use of this process are discussed in this article.

Opportunities And Challenges For Land Use Planning In The Intermountain West, Donald Mcleod, Roger Coupal, Andrew Seidl, Katherine Inman

Journal of Extension

Land use planning is a persistent challenge for rural communities of the Intermountain West. A role for Land-Grant Universities in planning activities is provided through lesson learned in four county projects. Inclusiveness, reciprocal communication, transparency, and objectivity are illustrated as keys to success in applied research and outreach programming.

Women's Retirement: Beyond Issues Of Financial Security, Christine A. Price

Journal of Extension

As increasing numbers of women retire from the U.S. labor force, Extension educators will be called on to provide programming that (1) emphasizes women's retirement and (2) addresses the psychosocial components of women's retirement beyond financial concerns. This article identifies topics of significance for future retiring women as reported by a sample of 31 professional and nonprofessional retired women. These "words to retire by" can serve as a foundation for future program development in the area of women's retirement as well as further study.

Concordance Among Extension Workers, Researchers, And Professional Arborists In Rating Landscape Trees, Alfredo B. Lorenzo, Catalino A. Blanche, James F. Henson

Journal of Extension

Formulas developed to determine the monetary value of landscape trees require a species rating value. Polling Extension professionals, researchers, and arborists is a common procedure to derive species rating value. Due to differences in professional training and background, and the variability of landscapes in any given area, professional agreement on the rating of a species is difficult to reach but is necessary to be useful. The Delphi method and W criterion were used to determine the strength of concordance among extension professionals. We hope that other Extension professionals can use this method in developing species rating in their respective areas.

Volunteers: The Key To Expanding Extension Programming For Older Adults, Claudia C. Collins

Journal of Extension

With the rapid growth of the nation's aging population, Extension is trying to provide useful programming for seniors. Like many other Extension programs, older adult wellness education is expanding through the use of volunteer instructors. For the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension's Seniors CAN program, these volunteers come primarily from two groups: peer-educators who are over 55 years of age, including those from diverse populations, and the staff of agencies that already provide services to elderly clients. The inclusion of these volunteer instructors has the benefit of bringing Extension programming to a much larger and more diverse aging audience.

Compendium: Recent Graduate Student Dissertation And Thesis Abstracts, Editors Of Osgoode Hall Law Journal

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Teaching English To Immigrant Students In The United States: A Brief Summary Of Programs And Methods, Francisco Ramos

School of Education Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Clergy Sexual Abuse And The Catholic Church: What Do We Know And Where Do We Need To Go?, Thomas G. Plante

Psychology

Few recent topics have received the kind of media attention, heated debate, and discussion than the topic of sex-offending clergy, their victims, and supervisors. It is a story about too many bishops (and priests) behaving badly when they are purported to be the moral, religious, and ethical leaders of society. It is a remarkable story. However, it is a complex story that has had little scholarship and discourse driven by thoughtfulness, civility, and reason.

Police Response To Domestic Violence: Does Officer Gender Make A Difference?, Amy Leighann Whitmore

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

With domestic violence an increasing problem within the United States, police response to domestic violence has emerged as an important issue in its prevention and treatment. Recent research on police response to domestic violence has yielded conflicting results, with some studies showing that officer gender affects responses. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect that officer gender has on both formal and informal police responses to domestic violence. Incident reports were collected from a police agency to examine responses to domestic violence.

Results indicated that officer gender does have a significant effect upon both formal and informal …

Leadership Style And Performance In Telework: Examining The Influence Of Trust, Rebecca D. Vandever

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The present study examines the relationship between leadership and performance for teleworkers. Secondary data analysis was used to examine the effects of the Full Range Leadership Theory on the task and contextual performance of 127 teleworkers. Moderated regression analyses show that affect-based trust only moderates the relationship between laissez-faire leadership and task performance. Mediation analyses show that affect-based trust partially mediates the relationship between all three types of leadership and two types of performance. This study shows that affect-based trust is an important element of the relationship between leaders and teleworkers. Future research should further examine the influence of trust …

Business Owner Liability And Concealed Weapons Legislation: A Call For Legislative Guidance For Pennsylvania Business Owners, A. Nicole Hartley

Penn State Law Review (2003 - Present)

No abstract provided.

All The [Athletes] Are Equal, But Some Are More Equal Than Others: An Objective Evaluation Of Title Ix's Past, Present, And Recommendations For Its Future, J. Brad Reich

Penn State Law Review (2003 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Law And Engineering: In Search Of The Law-Science Problem, Jerry L. Mashaw

Law and Contemporary Problems

Lawyers and scientists both have the intellectual conceit that a well-defined problem is not only a necessary, but almost a sufficient, condition for a successful solution. Mashaw examines the applied science of engineering in the context of health and safety regulation, focusing on the law-science interface at the NHTSA.

From "Defending Forward" To A "Global Defense-In-Depth": Globalization And Homeland Security, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii, Bert B. Tussing Prof.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

The authors have examined the scope and substance of our National Security Strategy for Homeland Security (NSHS). Disturbingly, they find that the NSHS fails to address the challenges that globalization poses for the security of the American homeland. The NSHS focuses primarily within the nation's borders and lacks a comprehensive approach to the problem of homeland security, a problem of global proportions. To remedy these deficiencies, the authors propose a strategic way-a Global Defense-in-Depth-that, among other things, employs some of the opportunities afforded by globalization to address its challenges.

Phonological Awareness In Spanish: A Tutorial For Speech-Language Pathologists, Brenda K. Gorman, Ronald B. Gillam

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

In the United States, more than 2 million children in Grades pre-K through 6 speak Spanish as their primary language. Approximately 50% of these students receive academic instruction in Spanish. This tutorial provides research-based recommendations for presenting phonological awareness tasks to children who receive literacy instruction in Spanish. The authors also discuss how phonological awareness development may differ between monolingual children learning Spanish and monolingual children learning English, and the implications of these differences for choosing appropriate phonological awareness tasks for Spanish speakers.

The Knowledge And Practices Of Oral Hygiene Methods And Attendance Pattern Among School Teachers In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Khalid Almas, Thamir M. Al-Malik, Mohammed A. Al-Shehri, Nils Skaug

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to find out the knowledge and practices of oral hygiene methods among primary and secondary school teachers in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). METHODS: The study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire. Four hundred and seventy teachers, male 236 (50.2%) and female 234 (48.8%) responded with a response rate of 85.5%. The study was conducted during October to December 2001 at primary and secondary schools in Riyadh City, KSA. RESULTS: Almost 86% of male and 90% of female teachers felt that dental caries is due to the wrong method of tooth …

Non Surgical Treatment Of Recurrent Or Stuttering Priapism In Sickle Cell Children, Jianmin Liu, Mared A. Al-Hothari, Faiz A. Mahboob

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Outcomes Of Neurodevelopmental And Genetic Disorders, Pinar Ozand

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Building Regional Security Cooperation In The Western Hemisphere: Issues And Recommendations, Max G. Manwaring Dr., Wendy Fontela Col, Mary Grizzard Dr., Dennis M. Rempe Mr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

Dr. Max Manwaring and his team of conference rapporteurs have generated a substantive set of issues and recommendations. They have provided a viable means by which to begin the implementation of serious hemispheric security cooperation. Additionally, we have included U.S. Southern Command Commander General Hill's conference luncheon remarks as the Preface to our Issues and Recommendations report. The intent is to provide more context for readers who might not have attended the conference. We have also asked Ambassador Ambler Moss, the Director of the North-South Center, to expand that context with a short Afterward. This report comes at a critical …

Utpa Stats At A Glance - Fall 2003, University Of Texas-Pan American

UTPA Archives - Stats At A Glance

No abstract provided.

Smc Fact Book 2003, Saint Mary's College Of California

SMC Fact Book

No abstract provided.

Images Of Older Persons In Hong Kong Popular Films, Nga Man Wong

Lingnan Theses

Film watching is a popular leisure activity in modern society. Films, as a medium, provide powerful tools to deliver social messages and to create images of particular social groups. The cinematic images portrayed by films toward a particular social group may consequently shape our social perceptions and expectations of that social group. The ways that cinematic images portray older persons are, therefore, a potentially major source for detecting social values and views about them.

As some cinematic images tend to reflect social attitudes and behaviours, the present research aimed at investigating how popular films portray the images of older persons. …

Filling In The ‘Larger Puzzle’: Clinical Scholarship In The Wake Of The Lawyering Process, Susan L. Kay, Frank Bloch, Susan L. Brooks, Alex J. Hurder

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Gary Bellow's and Bea Moulton's The Lawyering Process challenged conventional legal education on every front, from the types of material included to the questions asked about law and lawyers. Their book has inspired a generation (or more) of clinicians to teach and think about law differently. In this article, the authors focus on the impact Bellow's and Moulton's book has had as a teaching text and as early clinical scholarship. The authors discuss four topics addressed in The Lawyering Process--the public role of lawyers, ethics and professionalism, theory of lawyering, and the clinical methodology-and how those topics are addressed in …

Toward Taping, Christopher Slobogin

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Numerous authors, from all points on the political spectrum, have advocated that police interrogations be taped. But police rarely record custodial questioning, at least in full, and only a handful of courts have found this failure objectionable. This commentary outlines three different constitutional grounds for mandating that such recording become a routine practice. To set up the constitutional argument, the article first outlines why taping is needed despite the elaborate rules that now govern interrogation. Put simply, the reasoning is as follows: the Miranda regime has failed, voluntariness should once again be the focal point of interrogation regulation, and taping …

The Classic, Fall 2003, Public Relations

The Classic, 2000-2009

Northwestern's hedgehog concept; Construction projects near completion; NWC announces changes in administrative structure; Northwestern moves up in U.S. News rankings; Theatre facility named in honor of DeWitts; Northwestern participates in national tuition program; Enrollment third largest; Two in new athletic roles; Planned giving notes: Seven ways to remember Northwestern; New faculty come to NWC; New administrators on board; Freshman continue NWC legacy; Faculty/staff news; Photo essay: Teddy tour: DME presents 9/11 play; Rooted wanderer: Student profile Jeannine Lovas; Setting his sights: Student profile Mick Snieder; Soul doctor: Alumni profile Harry Tysen '70; The Hollywood connection: Faculty profile John Paul; Lilly …