Digital Commons Network^™

A Comprehensive Analysis Of Sex And Race Inequities In Unemployment Insurance Benefits, Melissa Latimer

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This research makes a unique contribution to the growing body of literature on the welfare system by examining the relationship between sex, race, and social insurance benefits in a rural state. Using data from the West Virginia Unemployment Compensation Program, this research investigates sex and race differences in (1) monetary disqualifications for unemployment insurance (UI) benefits and (2) separation issue and nonseparation issue disqualifications of UI benefits. The analyses indicate that unemployed women, people of color, younger, and low income workers are the most likely to fail the monetary qualifications for UI benefits and to lose qualified weeks of UI …

American Poverty As A Structural Failing: Evidence And Arguments, Mark R. Rank, Hong-Sik Yoon, Thomas A. Hirschl

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Empirical research on American poverty has largely focused on individual characteristicst o explain the occurrence and patternso f poverty. The argument in this article is that such an emphasis is misplaced. By focusing upon individual attributes as the cause of poverty, social scientists have largely missed the underlying dynamic of American impoverishment. Poverty researchers have in effect focused on who loses out at the economic game, rather than addressing the fact that the game produces losers in the first place. We provide three lines of evidence to suggest that U.S. poverty is ultimately the result of structural failings at the …

Resiliency Factors Related To Substance Use/Resistance: Perceptions Of Native Adolescents Of The Southwest, Margaret A. Waller, Scott K. Okamoto, Bart Miles, Donna E. Hurdle

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This exploratory, qualitative study examined risk and protective factors influencing drug and alcohol use and/or resistance of Native youth in the Southwest. Thirty-two Native middle school students participated in 10 focus groups that explored their experiences with alcohol and drugs in their school and reservation communities. The findings indicate a complex interaction of both risk and protective factors related to substance use. Respondents' cousins and siblings, in particular, played a key role in their decisions to use or resist drugs. Implications for social work practice are discussed.

Finding And Keeping Affordable Housing: Analyzing The Experiences Of Single-Mother Families In North Philadelphia, Susan Clampet-Lundquist

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The location, availability, and quality of housing shapes one's social networks, affects access to jobs, and impacts on social relations within the housing unit. However, access to affordable housing is limited for a significant portion of the population in the urban United States. In this study, I interviewed eighteen African-American and Puerto Rican single mothers in two low-income neighborhoods of Philadelphia about how they create and maintain their housing arrangements. Within the constraints of an affordable housing shortage, women told me how they struggle to share housing with others, rehab abandoned properties, live in substandard housing, and remain in unsafe …

Globalization And Human Welfare. Vic George & Paul Wilding.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book note for Vic George and Paul Wilding, Globalization and Human Welfare. New York: Palgrave, 2002. $75.00 hardcover, $25.00 papercover.

Single Mothers And The State: The Politics Of Care In Sweden And The United States. Cecilia Winkler.

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Book note for Cecilia Winkler, Single Mothers and the State: The Politics of Care in Sweden and the United States. Lanham, MD: Rowan & Littlefield, 2002, $69.00 hardcover.

Dietary Feedback Effects And Gender Differences In Stages Of Change For Fat And Fiber Intake Behavior, Janis M. Boury

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The stages of change (SOC) model has addressed changes people make to important habits such as smoking or diet. This study had three purposes (a) examining the influence of cultural role expectations for males and females on decisional balance (DB), (b) examining changes in stage assignment following feedback for the hidden nutrients of fat and fiber, (c) comparing the effects of feedback and tailored messages on change in fat and fiber intakes.;This study was an experimental control group design with 273 participants at baseline, 235 at intervention, and 197 at post-intervention. Most participants had some college. Baseline included general and …

Characterization Of Point Defects In Nonlinear Optical Materials, Madalina M. Chirila

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Thermoluminescence (TL), optical absorption, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) were used to characterize point defects in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 Crystals. A broad TL emission, peaking at 440 nm, is observed near 94 K from LiNbO3 when the crystal is irradiated at 77 K and then rapidly warmed. From the LiTaO3 crystals two overlapping TL peaks occur at 94 and 98 K, with each showing a 350-nm maximum in spectral emission. These peaks are observed after 77-K exposure of the crystals to x rays or lasers (266, 325, or 355 nm). During excitation of these crystals at 77 K, holes are …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers And Their Application In Preconcentrators For Gas Phase Sensors, Yi Fu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Various of molecularly imprinted polymers were synthesized by different protocols. Piezoelectric quartz crystals coated with molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared to detect small organic vapors. Hydroquinone (HQ) and Phenol (P) have been used as non-covalent bound templates in order to generate shape-selectivity cavities in the polymer matrix. The recognition film was immobilized on the crystal surface via a pre-coated Poly(isobutylene) layer. The selective behaviors of the imprinted polymer films were studied by their steady-state response to various kinds of small organic vapors. The partition coefficients of polymers toward vapors were evaluated. The imprinted polymers exhibit high sensitivity and selectivity toward …

Designing A Scalable Dynamic Load -Balancing Algorithm For Pipelined Single Program Multiple Data Applications On A Non-Dedicated Heterogeneous Network Of Workstations, Ashraf Osman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Dynamic load balancing strategies have been shown to be the most critical part of an efficient implementation of various applications on large distributed computing systems. The need for dynamic load balancing strategies increases when the underlying hardware is a non-dedicated heterogeneous network of workstations (HNOW). This research focuses on the single program multiple data (SPMD) programming model as it has been extensively used in parallel programming for its simplicity and scalability in terms of computational power and memory size.;This dissertation formally defines and addresses the problem of designing a scalable dynamic load-balancing algorithm for pipelined SPMD applications on non-dedicated HNOW. …

Metallothionein Isoform 3 Expression In Human Bladder Urothelium, Seongmi Park

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The third isoform of metallothionein, MT-3 is shown to have a restricted pattern of tissue distribution with expression confined to the neural tissue. Previous work done by this laboratory has shown that MT-3 is not expressed in the normal bladder but is over-expressed in bladder cancer with levels correlating to the type and grade of tumor. Recently, a new bladder epithelial cell line UROtsa has been characterized that does not express the MT-3 gene and may serve as a useful in vitro model system of the normal human urothelium. The goal of this study was to see the effect of …

Teachers' Views Of The Impact Of The Good Start, Grow Smart Early Childhood Initiative On Head Start Programs In A Western Maryland Community, Fannie L. Boayue

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As the call for accountability increased, President George W. Bush signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act in January 2002 to reform the Elementary and Secondary Education Act that was reauthorized in 1994. The Good Start, Grow Smart Early Childhood Education Initiative, followed in April 2002. Both of these reform measures have significant implications for school success and achievement of all children in both childcare and public school settings as well as accountability for teachers and administrators.;The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the views of Head Start teachers on the impact of the Good …

Analysis Of A Curved Buoyant Jet In An Enclosure Using Les, Allen E. Badeau Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of this study is to investigate curved buoyant jets in an enclosure using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) methods with an Implicit Turbulent Model (ITM). To accomplish this goal, a numerical solver was written, named DREAMRTM, which is capable of solving three dimensional, transient flows using an accurate monotonic and non-oscillatory upwinding scheme. The three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved in Cartesian coordinates, with the control volume approach being implemented on a staggered grid. The numerical scheme uses a fractional time step method, with the overall spatial and temporal accuracy being second order.;In ITM simulations, there is no explicit subgrid-scale …

Reaction Engineering Study Of Natural Gas Hydrate Formation In Special Packed -Bed Reactors By Controlling The Boundary Layer Surfaces Of The Gas -Liquid -Solid Phases, Budhijanto Budhijanto

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Natural gas hydrates (NGH) are crystalline compounds that consist of water and natural gas (NG) molecules. By hydrogen bonds, water molecules form a regular lattice structure containing many cavities. NG molecules occupy the cavities, and therefore stabilize the cavities. NGH are considered to be one of the most potential alternative world energy resources. The applications of NGH in other fields, such as NG purification, storage, and transportation, are also possible. To obtain the full benefits of all the possible applications of NGH, a full understanding of the kinetics of NGH formation is needed.;Strictly speaking, the experimental works of reproducible intrinsic …

Basic Theory And Experimental Approach To Characterize Flow And Fracture Properties Of Fine Powder Bulk Body, Wiratni Wiratni

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation comprised two parts, which were Part I for the development of a method to characterize the fine powder flow at ambient temperature and Part II for the application of the method in fine powder aeration at elevated temperature.;The analysis conducted on fine powder aeration in Part I was based on the theory of homogeneously-aerated-expanded (HAE) emulsion phase, which viewed a system of aerated fine powders as a quasi-solid single phase.;The original aeration data from an aeration experiment (gas velocity, pressure drop, and bed height) were transformed into the new variables specifically defined for aerated fine powder (powder strain …

The Liability Of Alaska Mental Health Providers For Mandated Treatment, Marshall L. Wilde

Alaska Law Review

No abstract provided.

Assisted Suicide, Liberal Individualism, And Visceral Jurisprudence: A Reply To Professor Chemerinsky, Eric A. Johnson

Alaska Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Alaska Misconduct Involving Weapons Statutes: A History And Analysis, John D. Fred

Alaska Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Future Of The Australian-U.S. Security Relationship, Rod Lyon Dr., William T. Tow Prof.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

The authors assess the future of the Australian-U.S. security relationship within the context of the Canberra's transformation and strategic shift. They conclude that this relationship will remain important and will be strengthened in some ways--interdependence will be central to Australian strategy--but they consider the building of large-scale American military bases in Australia unlikely. The challenge, they note, will be sustaining political support within Australian for this type of relationship.

Flocking Over 3d Terrain, Joel Gompert

School of Computing: Technical Reports

A method is presented for animating herds of animals that can follow terrain while being efficient enough to run in real-time. This method involves making simple modifications to Reynolds’ agent-based flocking algorithm. The modifications use only local properties of the terrain, and thus have low complexity. This method focuses on using terrain that can be described as an elevation grid, but it may be extendible to arbitrary terrain. The flocking algorithm with these modifications produces naturally behaving herds that follow the terrain. They will swerve around hills and attempt to follow paths that reduce energy expenditure. The terrain-following rule added …

Extraction Of Urinary Bladder Stone As Described By Abul-Qasim Khalaf Ibn Abbas Alzahrawi (Albucasis) (325-404 H, 930-1013 Ad). A Translation Of Original Text And A Commentary, Rabie E. Abdel-Halim, Ali S. Altwaijiri, Salah R. Elfaqih, Ahmad H. Mitwalli

Saudi Medical Journal

This is a detailed study of the technique of cystolithotomy as practiced by the Muslim surgeon Alzahrawi (Albucasis) in Cordova more than 1000 years ago. In addition to translating the relevant chapter in his book Al-Tasreef, his technique is critically evaluated comparing it with that of his predecessors and his successors. The study confirmed the originality of Alzahrawi who described operative steps and invented operative instruments not known in the Greco-Roman era. He was also the first to describe, in details, the operative technique in women and to recommend the 2-stage operation in complicated cases. His modifications and innovations greatly …

The Burden Of Infections And Child Health In Iraq, Ibrahim M. Khan, Rashid Chotani, Khaled Yassin, Samreen Khan, Ulrich Laaser

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Common Questions About Aac Services In Early Intervention, Cynthia J. Cress, Christine A. Marvin

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Children and adults with developmental delays have benefited from the use of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems to develop language skills necessary for more generative and functional communication. Beginning communicators however, have historically been considered too young or too pre-linguistic and therefore have not been introduced to AAC systems until behaviors, thought to be prerequisites, have been noted. Recent research and theories about early communication development have challenged this traditional practice and broadened the scope of what is considered to be AAC. Practitioners and parents unfamiliar with early AAC options may not recognize possible applications of communication strategies used …

Color Management Of Desktop Input Devices: Quantitative Analysis Of Profile Quality, Xiaoying Rong

Masters Theses

This thesis investigates the color management principle and input device profiling. The input devices discussed in this thesis are flatbed scanners.

In this thesis, the human visual system, CIE L*a*b* color space, ICC profiles are reviewed, and the evaluation of profile quality is discussed. Grayscale and standard color targets of three primary suppliers are used to create profiles for a scanner. The quantitative analyses of the quality of different profiles, created by two primary commercial profiling software, are conducted according to the Delta-E of the CIE L*a*b* color space. Finally, the relationship of different color targets and profiles for desktop …

Knowledge Is Power, Cindy Dankewich

Digitized Theses and Dissertations (prior to 2008)

This is to certify that the Master of Education Portfolio of Cindy Dankewich has been approved by the Supervising Committee for the portfolio requirement for the Master of Education in Special Education in the Department of Special Education

California Agricultural Water Electrical Energy Requirements, Charles M. Burt, Daniel J. Howes, Gary Wilson

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

The Irrigation Training and Research Center, working under agreement with the California Energy Commission as part of its Public Interest Energy Research Program, conducted an analysis of the energy used to supply water to California's agriculture and examined potential future trends in the agriculture water community to predict future energy requirements.

Measured Effects Of Rapid Palatal Expansion On Nasal Cavity Volume Utilizing Cbct, Jon Neal Robinson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and predict the expected changes that occur in the nasal cavity volume following rapid palatal expansion. Eighteen subjects (11 female, 7 male), ages 9 to 18, requiring rapid palatal expansion in conjunction with comprehensive orthodontic treatment, were selected for the study. Rapid palatal expansion was accomplished using the standard, banded hyrax appliance. Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomograms using the NewTom 9000™ were acquired before and after expansion. Serial coronal slices of the nasal cavity were made using the QV9000™ software program. The resultant serial images were imported into 3-D Doctor™ for analysis …

Legislating Morality: The Duty To The Tax System Reconsidered, Watson

Scholarly Works

Four years ago, I presented a paper at a symposium on professionalism jointly sponsored by the University of Kansas Law School and the Kansas Bar Association. That paper espoused the view (contrary to what appears to be the popular view among tax scholars) that tax lawyers owe no special duty to the "tax system" other than to abide by the law and the applicable standards of professional conduct. During the four-year interim since my last visit to Kansas, however, we have witnessed the deleterious effect of the IRS Restructuring and Reform Act of 1998 (RRA '98) on IRS enforcement and …

Energy Efficient Routing Protocols For Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Chansu Yu, Ben Lee, Hee Yong Youn

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Although establishing correct and efficient routes is an important design issue in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), a more challenging goal is to provide energy efficient routes because mobile nodes' operation time is the most critical limiting factor. This article surveys and classifies the energy-aware routing protocols proposed for MANETs. They minimize either the active communication energy required to transmit or receive packets or the inactive energy consumed when a mobile node stays idle but listens to the wireless medium for any possible communication requests from other nodes. Transmission power control approach and load distribution approach belong to the former …

Changing Scientific Evidence, Edward K. Cheng

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

A number of high-profile toxic tort cases, such as silicone breast implants, have followed a familiar and disturbing path: Early studies suggest a link between a suspected substance and a particular illness. Based on these initial studies, lawsuits are brought and juries award large judgments to various plaintiffs. Then later, more comprehensive studies find no evidence of a causal link. How should the legal system cope with this problem in which new scientific evidence calls into question previous findings of liability? These erroneous judgments seriously harm social welfare and legitimacy. Beneficial products are needlessly discontinued or are made more expensive, …