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2003

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Inter-Domain Dynamic Routing In Multi-Layer Optical Transport Networks, Xi Yang, Byrav Ramamurthy Jan 2003

Inter-Domain Dynamic Routing In Multi-Layer Optical Transport Networks, Xi Yang, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Next-generation optical transport networks will automatically and dynamically provision end-to-end connections. In this paper, we study the problem of inter-domain dynamic routing under a multi-layer multi-domain network model, which allows the end-to-end connections to be set up not only across multiple routing domains but also through two transport layers: the optical layer and the digital layer. In this model, a connection can traverse the domain boundary either through optical bypass or through optical-electrical-optical (O/E/O) processing. We propose an inter-domain dynamic routing scheme with modest time complexity to address the problem from an algorithmic perspective.

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A New Efficient Algorithm For Solving The Simple Temporal Problem, Lin Xu, Berthe Y. Choueiry Jan 2003

A New Efficient Algorithm For Solving The Simple Temporal Problem, Lin Xu, Berthe Y. Choueiry

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

In this paper we propose a new efficient algorithm, the Δ STP-solver, for computing the minimal network of the Simple Temporal Problem (STP). This algorithm achieves high performance by exploiting a topological property of the constraint graph (i.e., triangulation) and a semantic property of the constraints (i.e., convexity) in light of the results reported by Bliek and Sam-Haroud [1], which were presented for general CSPs and have not yet been applied to temporal networks. Importantly, we design the constraint propagation in Δ STP-solver to operate on triangles instead of operating on edges and implicitly guarantee the decomposition of …

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Perceptions Of Communication In A Family Relationship And The Reduction Of Intergroup Prejudice, Jordan Soliz, Jake Harwood Jan 2003

Perceptions Of Communication In A Family Relationship And The Reduction Of Intergroup Prejudice, Jordan Soliz, Jake Harwood

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

From a contact theory perspective, links between variation in young adults’ perceptions of communication with their grandparents and attitudes toward older adults are examined. The analysis pays particular attention to variation in communication with multiple grandparents and finds links be-tween that and perceived variability in the older adult population as a whole. More variation in perceptions of communication with grandparents is associated with perceptions of older adults as more heterogeneous. However, variation in grandparent relationships is associated with more negative attitudes toward older adults on measures of attitudinal central tendency. The results are dis-cussed in terms of intergroup communication processes, …

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A Model For Integrating Construction Design And Schedule Data, Zhigang Shen, Raja R. A. Issa, William O'Brien Jan 2003

A Model For Integrating Construction Design And Schedule Data, Zhigang Shen, Raja R. A. Issa, William O'Brien

Department of Construction Engineering and Management: Faculty Publications

The difficulty of timely retrieval of useful information from heterogeneous data sources is a major cause of low productivity in the construction industry. The goal of this research is to provide a new methodology to handle the data-heterogeneity problems encountered in a construction project. This research proposes a tree-structured product model, which binds design knowledge, cost data and schedule data together, as a feasible solution for the data integration problem in construction projects. The methodology uses the knowledge representation of construction projects based on an ontology. Metadata are used to describe the conceptual structure of the project knowledge. The concept …

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Convolutional Interleaver For Unequal Error Protection Of Turbo Codes, Sina Vafi, Tadeusz A. Wysocki, Ian Burnett Jan 2003

Convolutional Interleaver For Unequal Error Protection Of Turbo Codes, Sina Vafi, Tadeusz A. Wysocki, Ian Burnett

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

This paper describes construction of a convolutional interleaver as a block interleaver and discusses its application to turbo codes with equal and unequal error protection techniques. Based on simulations, different convolutional interleaver structures suitable for turbo codes with unequal error protection capability are suggested. Finally, based on conducted simulations the best method is selected.

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Displacement Based Route Update Strategies For Proactive Routing Protocols In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Mehran Abolhasan, Tadeusz Wysocki Jan 2003

Displacement Based Route Update Strategies For Proactive Routing Protocols In Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Mehran Abolhasan, Tadeusz Wysocki

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

This paper presents a new route update strategy for performing proactive route discovery in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). In this strategy, the rate at which route updates are sent into the network is controlled by how often a node changes its location by a required distance. We refer to this updating strategy as Minimum Displacement Update Routing (MDUR). We implemented MDUR on top of the Fisheye State Routing (FSR) protocol and investigated its performance by simulation. The simulations where performed in a number of different scenarios, with varied network mobility, density, traffic and boundary. Our results indicate that MDUR …

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Research On School Bullying And Victimization: What Have We Learned And Where Do We Go From Here? [Mini-Series], Dorothy L. Espelage, Susan M. Swearer Napolitano Jan 2003

Research On School Bullying And Victimization: What Have We Learned And Where Do We Go From Here? [Mini-Series], Dorothy L. Espelage, Susan M. Swearer Napolitano

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

This special issue on bullying and victimization in School Psychology Review, highlights current research efforts in American schools on bullying and peer victimization, and how this research can inform prevention and intervention planning. This introductory article provides a brief overview of several major insights gained over the last decade from research on bullying in school-aged youth and sets the stage for the special issue. Research on psychosocial correlates in bullying behaviors is reviewed and four insights that provide directions fur future research are derived. The contributing authors in the special issue augment these insights by examining the intluence of …

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Long-Lived Pluvial Episodes During Deposition Of The Navajo Sandstone, David B. Loope, Clinton M. Rowe Jan 2003

Long-Lived Pluvial Episodes During Deposition Of The Navajo Sandstone, David B. Loope, Clinton M. Rowe

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The Navajo Sandstone of the American Southwest was deposited at approximately 190 Ma in a giant, subtropical dune field near the western margin of Pangea. From this unit, we report thick intervals of dune cross-strata that were churned by insects and trampled by reptiles. Although dunes continued to migrate freely, the distribution of trace fossils shows that plant life in wet interdune areas sustained high levels of animal activity on the dunes for many thousands of years. We interpret this suite of structures as the record of a pluvial episode climatologically similar to the period of “greening” in the Sahara …

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Geography Of Religion And Belief Systems, Robert H. Stoddard, Carolyn V. Prorok Jan 2003

Geography Of Religion And Belief Systems, Robert H. Stoddard, Carolyn V. Prorok

Geography Program: Faculty Publications

Spatial and environmental dimensions of religious behavior, artefacts, and attitudes are grist for the geographer’s intellectual mill because spiritually motivated convictions and actions play an important role in human affairs. It is not surprising, therefore, that the geography of religion and belief systems is an important, emerging field of study. We commence this chapter with a definition of the field, particularly as it entails distinctions that arise out of the highly personal nature that religious belief is accorded in the academy and society at large. A limited review and summary of trends in the field over the past decade follows, …

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Where Are The Women Geoscience Professors?, Mary Anne Holmes, Suzanne O'Connel Jan 2003

Where Are The Women Geoscience Professors?, Mary Anne Holmes, Suzanne O'Connel

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Compiles an extensive set of data on the status of women in the geosciences, identifying successful strategies for increasing diversity as well as obstacles that hinder efforts. The lessons learned and best practices that arise from this report will help geoscientists continue to increase the gender diversity of their community. Some of these lessons also provide insight into ways to improve the racial and ethnic diversity of the geosciences.

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The Everchanging Pulsating White Dwarf Gd358, Souza Oliveira Kepler, Matt A. Wood, Nicole M. Silvestri, Thomas J. Ahrens Jan 2003

The Everchanging Pulsating White Dwarf Gd358, Souza Oliveira Kepler, Matt A. Wood, Nicole M. Silvestri, Thomas J. Ahrens

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

We report 323 hours of nearly uninterrupted time series photometric observations of the DBV star GD 358 acquired with the Whole Earth Telescope (WET) during May 23rd to June 8th, 2000. We acquired more than 232 000 independent measurements. We also report on 48 hours of time-series photometric observations in Aug 1996. We detected the non-radial g-modes consistent with degree ℓ = 1 and radial order 8 to 20 and their linear combinations up to 6th order. We also detect, for the first time, a high amplitude ℓ = 2 mode, with a period of 796 s. In the 2000 …

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Multisite Observations Of The Pms Δ Scuti Star V351 Ori, Vincenzo Ripepi, T D. Oswalt, Mark J. Rudkin, Kyle B. Johnston Jan 2003

Multisite Observations Of The Pms Δ Scuti Star V351 Ori, Vincenzo Ripepi, T D. Oswalt, Mark J. Rudkin, Kyle B. Johnston

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

We present the results of multisite observations spanning two years on the pre-main-sequence (PMS) star V351 Ori. A total of around 180 hours of observations over 29 nights have been collected, allowing us to measure five different periodicities, most likely related to the δ Scuti variability of V351 Ori. Comparison with the predictions of linear nonadiabatic radial pulsation models put stringent constraints on the stellar parameters and indicate that the distance to V351 Ori is intermediate between the lower limit measured by Hipparcos (210 pc) and that of the Orion Nebula (450 pc). However, radial pulsation models are unable to …

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Implications Of Face-To-Face And Web-Based Asynchronous Staff Development Approaches, John D. Solis Jan 2003

Implications Of Face-To-Face And Web-Based Asynchronous Staff Development Approaches, John D. Solis

Graduate Research Papers

As more institutions of higher education invest in technology, an increased number of educators have to keep up with those technologies. Technology opens new opportunities to teach and to learn. However, if technology is to be used to support learning, educators must first be comfortable using technology. In order for educators to become comfortable and to effectively use technology in their own teaching, staff development opportunities must be set in place. Staff development programs need to be relevant to the specific needs of educators of higher education. Because technology is rapidly changing, it is impossible for educators to know all …

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A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools : A Reflective Essay, Vicki M. Sullivan Jan 2003

A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools : A Reflective Essay, Vicki M. Sullivan

Graduate Research Papers

Through the words and actions of my first teachers, my parents, I have come to know that I am unconditionally loved and valued. This understanding has led to a belief in self, the capability to take risks, and the capacity to look beyond self to meet the needs of others. Extended family reinforced the same message, and my grandmother in particular played a vital role in my development. As a child with many brothers and sisters and even more cousins I treasured time alone with my grandmother. I loved long afternoons in the sewing room playing on a cool linoleum …

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Self-Perceptions, Peer Influence, Social Information Processing And Bullying Behavior, Jaime Strickler Jan 2003

Self-Perceptions, Peer Influence, Social Information Processing And Bullying Behavior, Jaime Strickler

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on self-perceptions of bullies, · peer influence on bullying behavior, and social information processes of bullies. These three variables were chosen in an attempt to understand some of the potential causes of bullying behavior and to examine their effects during bullying episodes. While self-perceptions of bullies may be positive or negative, it is unclear as to the direction of influence between self-perceptions and bullying. Peer influence on bullying can vary from situation to situation; but it is clear. that peers do have an influence in bullying episodes. The social information …

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The Role Of The Literacy Coach: The Challenge Of Change, Janet Bargmann Thompsen Jan 2003

The Role Of The Literacy Coach: The Challenge Of Change, Janet Bargmann Thompsen

Graduate Research Papers

The process of change in education requires effective leadership along with professional development and on-site support. Fear of change and risk-taking may result in some teachers resisting change. Literacy coaches can provide the needed follow-up training and support for professional development that assists teachers to successfully implement new strategies and methods of instruction. Michael Fullan's ideas on the change process serve as the foundation for this article. The author incorporates the perspectives of researchers and leaders in the field of change with her own experiences to discuss the importance of understanding change, the factors affecting its initiation, and the role …

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Integrating Technology To Enhance Reading Comprehension, Ryan Thole Jan 2003

Integrating Technology To Enhance Reading Comprehension, Ryan Thole

Graduate Research Papers

This literature review explores whether or not using technology enhances the students reading comprehension of material. Studies in this review are in support of using computers for children when it comes to learning comprehension skills. Among the list of software, Accelerated Reader is one that is used frequently for testing what students remember after they have finished a book giving them immediate feedback. This review also is in agreement with the use of using computers for children to learn at their own pace. It provides the children with a sense of achievement that they learned it on their own, yet …

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An Effectiveness Assessment Of The Quicktionary Reading Pen For Grades 3 Through 6, Barbara K. Waugh Jan 2003

An Effectiveness Assessment Of The Quicktionary Reading Pen For Grades 3 Through 6, Barbara K. Waugh

Graduate Research Papers

Testing of24 students in an Iowa public school in third, fourth, fifth, and sixth grades was conducted to determine if the Quicktionary Reading Pen improved reading accuracy. This was done using reading scores both with and without the pen and a standard t-test with the presence of the pen being the only variable in the study. The reading pen was found to have a positive effect, most notable with students with a reading accuracy below 90%. The increase was statistically significant at an 80% confidence interval or better. The pen had little effect for initial reading accuracy in excess of …

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Absorption Spectroscopy Of Colored Dissolved Organic Carbon In Georgia (Usa) Rivers: The Impact Of Molecular Size Distribution, Yosef Z. Yacobi, James J. Alberts, Monika Takacs, Michelle Mcelvaine Jan 2003

Absorption Spectroscopy Of Colored Dissolved Organic Carbon In Georgia (Usa) Rivers: The Impact Of Molecular Size Distribution, Yosef Z. Yacobi, James J. Alberts, Monika Takacs, Michelle Mcelvaine

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was collected in six rivers that transect the coastal plain of Georgia in July 1999 and February 2000. DOC concentrations ranged from 4.9 to 40.7 g m-3 and from 7.1 to 40.5 g m-3, respectively. The absorption coefficient at 440 nm was highly correlated with DOC concentration, suggesting that the optical parameter may be utilized for rapid estimation of DOC in these waters. The isolated DOC was separated into fractions of operationally defined molecular size, using an ultrafiltration technique that yielded three fractions: <10 ("small"), 10-50 ("medium") and >50 ("large") kilodalton. The smallest fraction was the most abundant (>50%) in …

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Mondev International Ltd. V. United States: A Case Study Of The Potential Risks Of Nafta's Ever-Expanding Arbitration Provisions, Chad D. Hansen Jan 2003

Mondev International Ltd. V. United States: A Case Study Of The Potential Risks Of Nafta's Ever-Expanding Arbitration Provisions, Chad D. Hansen

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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The Current State Of Play Under The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002, Thomas Wardell Jan 2003

The Current State Of Play Under The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002, Thomas Wardell

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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The Ceres-Rice Model-Based Estimates Of Potential Monsoon Season Rainfed Rice Productivity In Bangladesh, Rezaul Mahmood, Mark Meo, David R. Legates, Mark L. Morrissey Jan 2003

The Ceres-Rice Model-Based Estimates Of Potential Monsoon Season Rainfed Rice Productivity In Bangladesh, Rezaul Mahmood, Mark Meo, David R. Legates, Mark L. Morrissey

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Agricultural practices in Bangladesh are largely dependent on the monsoonal rainfall. Historically, Bangladesh often experiences severe droughts and floods during the monsoon months, with significant crop losses during both extreme conditions. This article provides a quantitative assessment of potential monsoon-season aman rice for four transplanting dates: 1 June, 1 July, 15 July, and 15 August. A crop-growth simulation model, the CERES-Rice, is applied to sixteen locations representing major rice-growing regions of Bangladesh to determine baseline yield estimates for four transplanting dates. The applications were conducted for 1975 through 1987. Average potential yield in Bangladesh is 6,907, 5,039, 3,637, and 1,762 …

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Integral Transforms Of Functionals In L2(C0[0, T]), Byoung Soo Kim, David Skough Jan 2003

Integral Transforms Of Functionals In L2(C0[0, T]), Byoung Soo Kim, David Skough

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this paper we give a necessary and sufficient condition that a functional F(x) in L2(C0[0, T]) has an integral transform Fα,βF(x) which also belongs to L2(C0[0, T]).

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Updates From The Regional Human Rights Systems, Lilah Rosenblum, Patricia Staible, Kristin Edison Jan 2003

Updates From The Regional Human Rights Systems, Lilah Rosenblum, Patricia Staible, Kristin Edison

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

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Freedom Of Expression Under The European Convention On Human Rights: A Comparison With The Inter-American System Of Protection Of Human Rights, Amaya Ubeda De Torres Jan 2003

Freedom Of Expression Under The European Convention On Human Rights: A Comparison With The Inter-American System Of Protection Of Human Rights, Amaya Ubeda De Torres

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

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Attacks From Within: Zimbabwe's Assault On Basic Freedoms Through Legislation, Jamal Jafari Jan 2003

Attacks From Within: Zimbabwe's Assault On Basic Freedoms Through Legislation, Jamal Jafari

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.

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Shaping Globalization: The Role Of Human Rights - Comment On The Grotius Lecture By Mary Robinson, Ko-Young Tung Jan 2003

Shaping Globalization: The Role Of Human Rights - Comment On The Grotius Lecture By Mary Robinson, Ko-Young Tung

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Back To Court After Shrimp/Turtle? Almost But Not Quite Yet: India's Short Lived Challenge To Labor And Environmental Exceptions In The European Union's Generalized System Of Preferences, Robert Howse Jan 2003

Back To Court After Shrimp/Turtle? Almost But Not Quite Yet: India's Short Lived Challenge To Labor And Environmental Exceptions In The European Union's Generalized System Of Preferences, Robert Howse

American University International Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Western Corn Belt Cropping Systems On Agroecosystem Functions, Mark Liebig, Gary E. Varvel Jan 2003

Effects Of Western Corn Belt Cropping Systems On Agroecosystem Functions, Mark Liebig, Gary E. Varvel

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Agricultural sustainability is enhanced by management practices that optimize the performance of multiple agroecosystem functions. The performance of western Corn Belt cropping systems was evaluated based on four agroecosystem functions: food production, raw materials production, nutrient cycling, and greenhouse gas regulation. A simple multiattribute ranking procedure was used to quantify agroecosystem performance using data from a long-term cropping systems experiment near Mead, NE. Treatments included in the procedure were continuous corn (Zea mays L.) (CC), corn–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (C–SB), corn–oat (Avena sativa L.) _ clover [80% sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis L.) and 20% red …

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Influence Of Nitrogen And Duration Of Weed Interference On Corn Growth And Development, Sean P. Evans, Stevan Z. Knezevic, John L. Lindquist, Charles A. Shapiro Jan 2003

Influence Of Nitrogen And Duration Of Weed Interference On Corn Growth And Development, Sean P. Evans, Stevan Z. Knezevic, John L. Lindquist, Charles A. Shapiro

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

An improved understanding of the effects of nitrogen (N) on crop–weed interactions is needed for the development of integrated weed management systems where responsible use of N fertilizers is considered. Field experiments conducted in 1999 and 2000 at two locations in eastern Nebraska quantify the effects of N and increasing duration of weed interference on corn growth and development. A naturally occurring population of weeds was allowed to compete with the corn crop for increasing lengths of time and at three rates of N application (0, 60, and 120 kg N ha-1). Weed interference and withholding applied N …

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