Digital Commons Network^™

Accountability For State Crimes: The Past Twenty Years And The Next Twenty Years, Aryeh Neier

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Justice In The Former Yugoslavia: Antidote Or Placebo For Coercive Appeasement, Paul R. Williams, Patricia Taft

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Robert H. Jackson And The Triumph Of Justice At Nuremberg, Henry T. King Jr.

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Justice And Peace, M. Cherif Bassiouni

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

What If Anything Is Wrong With Cloning A Human Being?, Arthur L. Caplan Ph.D.

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Scientific Empathy, American Buddhism, And The Ethnography Of Religion, Daniel S. Capper

Faculty Publications

The expansion of the use of ethnography in the study of religion has led to substantial methodological confusion. The reflexive ethnographic efforts which exist commonly appeal to the need for ethnographer empathy for field subjects, although the nature and ethical ramifications of this empathy remain poorly explored. This essay offers a model of ethnographic empathy in terms of the methodological observations of Weber, Homans, and Kohut. Using a model of empathy in terms of a reflexive “evenly hovering attention” for data collection, possible gains in the field from this model are explored. These gains include overcoming obstacles to data collection …

A Theory Of Self-Control Problems And Incomplete Contracting: The Case Of Shareholder Contracts, Manuel A. Utset

Utah Law Review

This Article approached the incomplete contracting problem from a new perspective, one that brought to the foreground potential self-control problems faced by contracting parties. The Article identified two sources of incomplete contracts due to self-control problems. First, this Article showed how the timeinconsistent preferences of transacting parties can lead the parties to repeatedly procrastinate adopting contractual provisions that they had a strict (long-term) preference to adopt. Second, the Article showed how the intertemporal nature of contracting can lead to a projection bias by transacting parties: when trying to predict how their preferences may evolve during the transaction, parties will tend …

Introduction: The Utah Restorative Justice Conference, Erik Luna

Utah Law Review

Restorative justice proves to be a fascinating topic and a provocative foil for challenging contemporary crime and punishment in the United States. The Utah Restorative Justice Conference may be the first of its kind in American legal academe, providing a much-needed forum to hash out the arguments for and against restorativism vis-d-vis traditional approaches to the criminal process. As such, the Symposium hopes to inspire further debate on restorative justice, its principles, and its practices. Restorativism certainly has both charms and warts, but given the current state of affairs in criminal courts and correctional facilities across the nation, the potential …

Repairing The Harm: Victims And Restorative Justice, Lawrence W. Sherman, Heather Strang

Utah Law Review

From a victim perspective, restorative justice has been shown usually to do better than the existing criminal justice system. It has met the burden of proof for benefiting one stakeholder in the process of justice. It might arguably lose that status if it is found that restorative justice also hurts offenders or communities. But in thousands of restorative justice conferences on three continents, no clear evidence has yet emerged that restorative justice has such negative side effects. Given the substantial evidence of unfairness and disrespect in the treatment of victims by criminal justice, restorative justice seems to be in a …

Cold Comfort: Law And Community In Ethan And Joel Coen's Fargo, Jeanne L. Carriere

Utah Law Review

Comfort is thus offered in Fargo-to some. The Coens subvert that comfort by making clear that the refuge of Brainerd is available only to those who participate in its normative vision. That normative vision grounds community in a uniformity that extends beyond what is required to preserve the community, such as conformity to its fundamental narrative, to neutral but noticeable traits such as appearance and racial heritage. The Coens offer no redemptive vision by which to transform Brainerd's exclusionary nomos. Marge, who combines keen intellect with sustaining humanity, is the most likely redemptive figure; but the woman who can face …

Designing Online Courses : Reflections From The Cyber Trenches, Cherie Post Dargan

Graduate Research Papers

This paper reviews research on the use of instructional design in developing course websites; it then describes the writer's experience creating a supplemental website using Blackboard, contrasting the project with the previous experience of creating an online course using WebCT. The writer analyzes problems with early online courses, reflects on the challenges of becoming an online teacher, documents her methodology, shares the results of the project, and makes recommendations for the design of effective web-based courses. Online teachers incorporate instructional design in many ways: they rethink their courses, analyze learners and content, design on paper first, structure the physical layout …

Are College Students Prepared For Conflict? : A Review On Conflict Resolution Among College Students, Marc J. Dalmasso

Graduate Research Papers

The following is a review of the research on the topic of conflict resolution in college age students. All of the research involved used college students as their participants. The purpose of this review was to find out if college students constructively resolve conflicts in their individual and professional lives. The research reveals that there are various factors that play a key role in how this age group comes to their resolution strategies. Nevertheless, students appear to use some nonconstructive techniques. However, constructive methods to be aware of are discovered as well as skills that may offer insight further into …

A Review Of Separation Anxiety Disorder With A Focus On Research Based Intervention Strategies, Lauryn C. Kittleson

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper is to discuss what Separation Anxiety Disorder is, what causes SAD symptoms in some children, successful assessment methods, and finally treatment and intervention options available and the efficacy of each one. The focus of this paper is on research based interventions with the intention of finding the most successful and empirically based intervention available. The most widely used and empirically based intervention available at this time is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Alternative methods of treatment include psycho-education for mild cases and CBT plus medication for severe cases.

Many areas need further research and future studies …

Differentiated Instruction : Does It Work?, Michelle Maher

Graduate Research Papers

The fact that every child is unique poses a dilemma for educators. The model for differentiated instruction requires teachers to be flexible in their approach to adjusting the curriculum and presentation of information to learners. Noting that there is no recipe for differentiation, this paper discusses the broad principles and characteristics that are useful in establishing a differentiated classroom. Studies explore the impact differentiated instruction has on students, and research highlights what must be done to transition beliefs about differentiated instruction into action. The outcome of this review indicates mixed results regarding differentiated instruction and implementation. Further research is suggested …

Using Wordless Picture Books To Stimulate Fictional Writing In First-Grade Students, Kathryn Nicol Morris

Graduate Research Papers

The use of wordless picture books was a successful strategy as an adult intervention for helping students at different levels in their writing ability to produce a story that followed a logical progression of events; that had a clear beginning, middle and end; and that described a character's experiences to a point of conclusion. This was accomplished with varying degrees of teacher assistance required. The stories from these students showed some similarities, but each student brought some unique element to the writing. The stories were distinguishable, even though the text in each story was inspired by the same set of …

The Effect Of Year-Round Education On Student Achievement, Rebecca Okerlund

Graduate Research Papers

The year-round calendar has generated interest among many educators as a way to increase student achievement by reducing learning loss that often occurs during long summer vacations. This paper explores various assertions made about year-round education (YRE) as it compares with traditional-calendar education (TCE). Achievement results in the core subjects of math and reading are discussed and compared in school districts.that have utilized either a multi-track, a single-track, or a traditional 9-month calendar:

The outcome of this review indicates mixed results regarding YRE and student achievement.Because many of the studies contained incomplete data and confounding variables such as length of …

Books And Letters Vol. 17, No. 1, University Libraries, Anne Marie Candido, Ethel C. Simpson, Juana R. Young, Nancy Ellen Talburt, Misha Dyer, Cheri Pearce, University Relations

Books and Letters

New Directions: Lectures, Exhibits, and Concerts; New Digital Collections Site Created; Development Director Appointed; A Reader’s Library of Mystery and Crime Fiction

The Effects Of Hands-On Science On Student Achievement, Christopher Andrew Gersitz

Graduate Research Papers

In recent years, many major science curriculum development projects have promoted hands-on, practical activities as an effective and an enjoyable way for students to learn science content (Hodson, 1990). After a quarter of a century, the phrase "hands-on science" is part of the everyday vocabulary of science educators, particularly those at the elementary and middle school levels (Flick, 1993).

The Study Of The Role And Effects Of Vocational Education On The Local Economic And Social Development In China, Chich-Jen Shieh

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

This study examined the relationship between vocational education and the development of regional social economy, as related to the background of the current reform of the vocational and educational system in China. It also reviewed and analyzed the reform of vocational educational systems in six regions in China. In particular, this study investigated the interrelationship between labor force resources, urban and rural vocational education and the development of social economy. The special phenomena accompanying vocational education and the economic development were illustrated. Research explored the importance and impact of vocational education on the economic and social development.

From this study, …

Stressful Educational Phenomena That Led Teachers To Separate Voluntarily From A South Florida School District, Michael Raymond

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

In 1999, the Florida State Legislature passed a statute that provided funding to all Florida school districts for recruitment and retention (Florida Department of Education, Teacher Exit Interview Information, 2000-01 [FDOETEII], 2001). This statute required all districts to document teacher attrition with exit interviews. In the two years that exit interviews have been conducted, 11 1 of the 655 teachers left the district voluntarily due to stress on the job, equating to 16.9% of the total number of voluntary separations (FDOEETEII, 200 1,2002).

When a teacher suffers from burnout they at first could develop increased feelings of emotional exhaustion and …

Grade Retention : Its Impact On Students, Teresa Ann Schneider

Graduate Research Papers

Grade retention has been a heated topic in education for a number of years. Research has shown there are a variety of factors that put students at greater risk for retention. While studies found some students who were retained showed academic improvement, others did not. Retention was also found to have a negative impact on social and emotional adjustments. Students were more successful when retention was paired with additional programs. Schools need to aggressively implement programs to eliminate the need for retention. Principals and teachers must connect research to classroom practice.

Best Practices In Balanced Early Literacy Instruction, Suzanne Yoder

Graduate Research Papers

In order to provide the best literacy instruction for the nation's earliest learners, it is crucial that best practice principles, as defined by Steven Zemelman, Harvey Daniels, and Arthur Hyde, be adhered to. These principles include all aspects of what have been found to be the teaching methods and strategies most conducive to successful early literacy acquisition. The purpose of this paper is to examine the historical and current trends in literacy education, discuss and explain the best practice principles, and to relate these principles to a current balanced literacy approach. Further, activities and lessons are presented which could be …

Educating African American Children : Breaking The Silence, Bernadette Thomas

Graduate Research Papers

It is inappropriate to view all children as the same, even when they may look very similar or share a cultural background. Differences exist in and among all racial and ethnic groups at all social levels. It would be dangerous to read information on diversity and apply it as if all people in that particular group are the same. Cultural information can promote understanding and insight for all. It is necessary to understand the challenges and issues that children of diverse backgrounds are faced with in order to facilitate positive change and resiliency in the counseling process. The author provides …

Ethical Leadership--A Search For Self : A Reflective Essay, Deborah Fisher Vroom

Graduate Research Papers

Robert DeBlois (2000) in an article in Phi Delta Kappan magazine stated that "Maybe being a good leader is neither more or less complicated than knowing who you are and what your job is." Aristotle stated it even more simply as "Know thyself'. What is good leadership? We have had in recent years a plethora of books and articles on leadership from Steven Covey, Anthony Robbins, John Maxwell, to Peter Senge, with ideas on learning to take a risk to ''find new cheese" to using Christopher Robin as a leadership style. What is it that all of these experts have …

Diabetes Education: Overview, Obstacles, And Opportunities, Mary Ann Steffensmeier

Graduate Research Papers

The slogan "if you build it they will come" became a popular marketing phrase in Iowa after the movie "Field of Dreams." One area of health education that would like to see this type of business growth in Iowa is diabetes self-management education. In Iowa, thirty-eight state certified self-management programs exists (Iowa Department of Public Health, 2001a). These programs have been built to meet the standards of the Iowa Department of Public Health (IDPH) for providing quality diabetes education programs. The IDPH's standards are quite similar to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) standards. The ADA has 65 certified programs ("Education …

Factors Related To Physical Activity Behaviors In Young People, Julie Simonson

Graduate Research Papers

Physical activity behaviors in young people are complex and multi-dimensional in nature. The number of children meeting minimum physical activity standards is low, and the prevalence of overweight among youth in the United States is rapidly increasing. This is true in spite of published research showing the positive psychological and physical health benefits of regular physical activity. Reasons for the declining number of children meeting minimum physical activity standards vary widely, and include both demographic and environmental factors. Subsequent knowledge gained through additional research on these determinants and improved educational programs could prove beneficial in increasing physical activity levels in …

A Historical Review Of The School-Based Health Center In Black Hawk County, Diane Lemon Weliver Hoffman

Graduate Research Papers

School-based health centers can provide primary and preventive health care services to students and families while reducing lost school and work time, removing barriers to health care, and promoting family involvement. The research indicates by utilizing a multidisciplinary staff, with interest in prevention and expertise in adolescent health care, anticipatory guidance and appropriate interventions can increase efficiency and effectiveness of preventive health care (Brindis, Kapphahn, McCarter, & Wolfe, 1995; Brindis & Sanghvi, 1997; Key, 2002; Santelli, Morreale, Wigton, & Grason, 1996; Shuler, 2000; Wang, 2000). In addition to staff, the location of the health center also helps to promote and …

Using Computer Software To Enhance Instruction Of Early Literacy Skills In The Kindergarten Classroom, Janann Dostal

Graduate Research Papers

This review investigates skills vital to early literacy instruction, technology use in early childhood classrooms, and software available to enhance early literacy skills of kindergarten students. Letter naming, phonological awareness, concepts about print, and language development are early literacy skills vital to a student's future reading success. Studies have shown that technology has been used in early childhood classrooms as an effective teaching tool, to promote active student involvement, and as a tool for motivation, showing that computers can be utilized successfully with young students. Research indicates that early literacy software used to supplement teacher instruction has great potential to …

Enhancing Student Learning Styles Through The Use Of Technology, Mark A. Dugger

Graduate Research Papers

The multiple learning styles of students have in the last few years become a major topic of concern for all educators. Experience and time are valuable learning tools assisting teachers in developing an understanding of these learning styles. This review pursues the importance of considering student learning styles when incorporating technology within an existing curriculum. Research studies provide supporting evidence that a technology-rich environment promotes collaborative, project-based learning, which in tum has a positive effect on learning styles.

Adolescent Depression : Implications For The High School Counselor, Mary C. Zierke

Graduate Research Papers

For many teenagers, today depression is more thanjust a case of the blues. An estimated 6 - 30% percent of teenagers suffer from clinical depression. Life is not always happy and carefree, and for many adolescents, these are not the best years of their lives. Given the prevalence and seriousness of adolescent depression, it is important that teenagers suffering from this disorder receive quick and effective treatment. Since most teenagers spend a majority of their day in schools, school counselors play a critical role in addressing teenage depression. The importance of this paper was to examine the causes for depression …