Digital Commons Network^™

Compensation And Revenge, Emily Sherwin

San Diego Law Review

Compensation is one of the least controversial goals of law; compensating for harms is assumed to be both efficient and morally praiseworthy. I shall argue that the moral component of this assumption needs refinement. Some of the features of legal remedies that pass as compensatory suggest that pursuit of compensation is not entirely virtuous.

The Grounds And Extent Of Legal Responsibility, Richard W. Wright

San Diego Law Review

To question that is the title of this symposium, What Do Compensatory Damages Compensate?, requires consideration of the basic grounds and purposes of legal responsibility. The question is usefully brought into sharper focus by the specific questions and puzzles posed to the contributors to stimulate thought and discussion.

Probing Scattering Wave Functions Close To The Nucleus, Don H. Madison, Daniel Fischer, Matthew S. Foster, Michael Schulz, Robert Moshammer, Stephenie J. Jones, Joachim Hermann Ullrich

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recently, three-dimensional imaging of the ejected electrons following 100  MeV/amu C⁶⁺ single ionization of helium led to the observation of a new structure not predicted by theory [M. Schulz et al., Nature (London) 422, 48 (2003)]. Instead of the usual “recoil lobe” centered on the momentum-transfer axis, a ring-shaped structure centered on the beam axis was observed. New measurements at 2  MeV/amu exhibit a similar structure, which is now predicted by theory. We argue that the same theory failed at 100  MeV/amu because the faster projectiles probe distances much closer to the nucleus, where our multiple-scattering model is expected …

Score Tests For Inverse Gaussian Mixture, Zhenlin Yang

Research Collection School Of Economics

The mixed inverse Gaussian given by Whitmore (Scand. J. Statist., 13, 1986, 211–220) provides a convenient way for testing the goodness-of-fit of a pure inverse Gaussian distribution. The test is a one-sided score test with the null hypothesis being the pure inverse Gaussian (i.e. the mixing parameter is zero) and the alternative a mixture. We devise a simple score test and study its finite sample properties. Monte Carlo results show that it compares favourably with the smooth test of Ducharme (Test, 10, 2001, 271-290). In practical applications, when the pure inverse Gaussian distribution is rejected, one is interested in making …

Information Recovery In A Study With Surrogate Endpoints, Song Xi Chen, Denis H. Y. Leung, Jing Qin

Research Collection School Of Economics

Recently, there has been a lot of interest in statistical methods for analyzing data with surrogate endpoints. In this article, we consider parameter estimation from a model that relates a variable Y to a set of covariates, X, in the presence of a surrogate, S. We assume that the data are made up of two random samples from the population, a validation set where (Y, X, S) are observed on every subject and a nonvalidation set where only (X, S) are measured. We show how information from the nonvalidation set can be incorporated to improve upon estimation of a parameter …

Optimum Currency Area In Europe: An Alternative Evaluation, Yoonbai Kim, Hwee Kwan Chow

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this paper we explore an alternative scheme to assess the suitability of adopting a common currency by Western European countries. It is based on the role of common regional shocks in the determination of output. The results show that the OCA theory well explains and predicts participation decisions in EMU. We also find that our OCA index is highly consistent with two popular schemes that have been introduced by Bayoumi and Eichengreen.

The Impacts Of Hong Kong's Currency Board Reforms On Its Interbank Market, Yiu Kuen Tse, Paul S. L. Yip

Research Collection School Of Economics

Among the economies with a Currency Board System (CBS), Hong Kong (HK) is probably the one with the largest and most developed financial sector, as well as the highest capital mobility. Hence, studying HK’s CBS is not only crucial to HK, but also important for the understanding of the modern CBS. This paper outlines the major monetary reforms in HK since the late 1980s. The impacts of these reforms and the 1997–1998 Asian Financial Crisis are then examined empirically. We focus on the differentials between the US and HK interbank interest rates. We assume the conditional-mean equation follows an autoregressive …

Fiducial Predictive Densities And Econometric Duration Analysis, Zhenlin Yang

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this article, we propose using fiducial predictive density (FPD) as a density estimate, which leads naturally to estimators of survivor and hazard functions and provides a simple way of constructing shortest prediction intervals. This approach is studied in detail in the context of two flexible duration models proposed in this paper, namely the trans-normal and trans-exponential families, by presenting the FPDs, their basic properties, their Bayesian correspondence and their applications in econometric duration analysis. Empirical evidences show that the FPD method provides better estimates of survivor and hazard functions, particularly the latter, than does the usual maximum likelihood method. …

Objectivity, Information, And Maxwell's Demon, Steven Weinstein

Dartmouth Scholarship

This paper examines some common measures of complexity, structure, and information, with an eye toward understanding the extent to which complexity or information‐content may be regarded as objective properties of individual objects. A form of contextual objectivity is proposed which renders the measures objective, and which largely resolves the puzzle of Maxwell's Demon.

Divided We Fall: The Federal Government Confronts The Digital Divide, Charmaine Jackson

Journal of Student Financial Aid

This research examines the potential consequences for higher education access if the U.S. Department of Education continues to move forward with its technology plan for financial aid delivery. More specifically, it explores how the transition of Federal Student Aid (formerly Student Financial Assistance) toward a Web-based financial aid application process will affect college applicants'particularly low-income students who often lack access to technology. Using a national data set of financial aid applicants, discriminant analyses (several stepwise) are conducted on selected demographic variables to ascertain the potential impact of this migration.

A Survey Of Student Term-Time Employment: Choosing Subpopulations For Further Study, Patrick Hughes, Bruce I. Mallette

Journal of Student Financial Aid

Despite substantive research at the national level, local institutional information on students who work off campus while enrolled full time has been sparse. After considering the need for local studies examining the causes of term-time employment and employment's role in persistence, this research explores the appropriateness of using total student cohorts as opposed to subpopulations restricted to financial aid applicants. Distinguishing between residency groups is also considered. The analyses demonstrate that employment was locally substantial, persistence studies are best paired with total populations, and employment studies are best paired with populations restricted to students who have financial aid data on …

Inadequate Physician Knowledge Of The Effects Of Diet On Blood Lipids And Lipoproteins., Mary M. Flynn, Chris N. Sciamanna, Kevin C. Vigilante

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND:To assess the nutrition knowledge of physicians on the basic effects of diet on blood lipids and lipoproteins.

METHODS:Anonymous mailed dietary knowledge surveys to 6000 randomly selected physicians in the United States licensed in either Internal Medicine or Cardiology.RESULTS:Response rate: 16% (n = 639). Half of the physicians did not know that canola oil and 26% did not know olive oil were good sources of monounsaturated fat. Ninety-three percent (84% of cardiologists vs. 96% of internists; p < 0.001) did not know that a low-fat diet, in general, would increase blood triglycerides. Approximately three-quarters (70% of cardiologists vs. 77% of internists; p < 0.01) did not know a low-fat diet would decrease HDL-c and almost half (45%) thought that a low-fat diet would not change HDL-c.

CONCLUSIONS:If physicians are to implement dietary and cholesterol management guidelines, they will likely need to become more knowledgeable about nutrition.

Aerodynamic Force And Moment Balance Design, Fabrication, And Testing For Use In Low Reynolds Flow Applications, Corey Abe

Theses

The aerodynamic performance of airfoils operating at Reynolds numbers below 105 has been of interest due to its variety of applications in areas such as unmanned remotely piloted vehicles, small-scale machinery, and more recently, Micro Air Vehicles (MAV's). Design and testing of airfoils to meet these applications is challenging due to the lack of experimental data in low Reynolds flow, compared to airfoils tested at higher Reynolds numbers. Two mechanical balance devices are designed and evaluated to provide a quick and simple method to test small airfoil aerodynamic loads. Each device measures two degrees of freedom; a force balance measures …

Second Thoughts: Toward A Critique Of The Digital Divide, David J. Gunkel

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

This article introduces critical perspective into the discussion of the digital divide, which is commonly defined as the gap separating those individuals who have access to new forms of information technology from those who do not. The analysis is distinguished from other undertakings addressing this matter, insofar as it does not document the empirical problems of unequal access but considers the terminology, logical structure, and form that define and direct work on this important social and ethical issue. The investigation employs the tools of critical theory and targets extant texts, reports, and studies. In this way, the analysis does not …

Mediating The Model: Women's Microenterprise And Microcredit In Tobago, West Indies, Cheryl A. Levine

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

From the perspectives of economic anthropology, feminist anthropology, and feminist theory, this applied anthropological study is an evaluation of a popular international development model targeting poor women. Based on the celebrated Grameen Bank of Bangladesh, the so-called "microcredit" model is designed as a poverty alleviation strategy to provide small loans to poor women in rural settings and is designed to facilitate microenterprise development. Due to the popularity of the microcredit model with the international development community, it is being replicated in different settings. Through an analysis of microenterprise development among Afro-Caribbean women, this study presents the argument that successful application …

The Relationship Between Optokinetic Nystagmus And Caloric Weakness, D'Arcy D. Cyr

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Traditionally, results from caloric testing and optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) testing are analyzed separately because caloric testing is a measure of peripheral function and OKN testing is considered to be a measure of central function. However, there is a connection between the visual system and the vestibular system in the vestibular nucleus of the brainstem. The purpose of this paper was to determine whether a relationship exists between optokinetic nystagmus results and unilateral caloric weakness results. This was determined by conducting a retrospective study of forty patients who exhibited a unilateral caloric weakness greater than or equal to twenty percent and …

Introduction: Spinoza's Law, Arthur J. Jacobson, Steven B. Smith

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Revenge On Jewish Law?, Richard Mason

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Spinoza's Identity And Philosophy: Jewish Or Otherwise?, Suzanne Last Stone

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Criminal Statutes Of Limitations: An Obstacle To The Prosecution And Punishment Of Child Sexual Abuse, Jodi Leibowitz

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

On Leo Strauss's Critique Of Spinoza, Steven B. Smith

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Civil Rights Plaintiffs And John Doe Defendants: A Study In Section 1983 Procedure, Howard M. Wasserman

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Gender Stereotypes In Children's Television Commercials And The Effects On Consumer Purchasing Behavior, Joanne G. Asztalos

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research presents an exploratory investigation on the extent of gender stereotypes portrayed in children's television commercials and the effects on consumer purchasing behavior. The author conducted two studies including a content analysis of viewing 75 children's television commercials, 25 boy, 25 girl, 25 neutral, and documenting evidence of roles, traits, activities, products, speaking parts and settings. Qualitative focus groups were then conducted to correlate the documented gender stereotypes with purchasing behaviors among children between the ages of 6--12. Major findings for this research revealed that there are many gender stereotypes in children's television commercials including the issue that male …

Real-Time Measurement Of Oxides Of Nitrogen From Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines, Aparna Aravelli

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

New emissions regulations and performance requirements imposed on modern diesel engines encourage the development of improved tools for emissions measurements. This study investigated one of the improved tools for NOx emissions measurement. Objectives of this thesis included measurement, comparison and prediction of NOx emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines using two different NOx analyzers. Steady state and transient tests were conducted on six heavy-duty diesel engines in the WVU Engine and Emissions Research Center (EERC). NOx emissions were measured using a conventional Rosemount NOx analyzer and a Cambustion fast response NOx analyzer. The Rosemount analyzer sampled dilute emissions whereas the fast …

Relationship Marketing Elements In Radio Station Websites, Mark L. Atkinson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not radio station website designers effectively use relationship marketing to achieve the goals of the stations and their websites. The study is a comparison/content analysis of the websites of 150 radio stations, in three different formats, in the top 50 U.S. population centers. This study compared the results of a content analysis with the results of a 2000 Edison/Arbitron survey which asked respondents to rank 14 website features according to what those replying considered important. This study sought to determine whether the more popular features actually appeared on more websites …

Crack Detection Technique For Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks, Indumathi Chera

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study describes the instrumentation and test results of a reinforced concrete bridge deck constructed on 3-span continuous steel girders. The instrumented bridge is located in Evansville, West Virginia at the intersection of US Route 50 East and WV 92 South. An instrumentation system is developed and implemented specifically to measure and monitor the growth of cracks along the wheel path. The system consists of 30 crack-meters embedded in concrete over the bottom layer of the reinforcement. The crack-meter readings are automatically collected every 20 minutes together with the readings from other sensors that were placed in concrete and on …

Simplified Live-Load Moment Distribution Factors For Simple Span Slab On I-Girder Bridges, Wesley D. Hevener

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The primary goal of this effort is to identify and assess various methods of computing live load distribution factors and to use the results of laboratory and field tests to compare these methods. It is further a goal of this work to use these methods to perform a parametric study over a wide range of typical slab on steel I-girder bridges to assess the accuracy of both the AASHTO Standard and AASHTO LRFD specifications and to propose an empirical model that correlates better with the analytical results within the range of parameters that are to be studied.;These studies include: (1) …

Laboratory Experiments In Thermal Sciences, Christopher K. Jackson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Study of the basic sciences (chemistry, biology, physics, etc.) requires experimental verification to support the theory developed in the classroom. Engineering solutions are the same in their need for verification. In an academic environment this verification comes in the form of laboratory courses. The link to applications is equally important as the demonstration of theory. This is especially true for engineering disciplines due to the nature of tasks engineers are expected to successfully complete in industry. It is vital for the engineer's career that he/she can successfully apply the background theory learned in university study to real world applications.;The Department …

Characterization Of In-Use Emissions From On-Highway Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines, Mohan Krishnamurthy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Class-8 trucks with GVWR of 80,000 lbs were tested on different driving routes and in-use brake-specific emissions of NOx and CO2 data were collected using the West Virginia University's Mobile Emissions Measurement System (MEMS). An uncertainty analysis was performed on the MEMS and it was determined the maximum possible error in the measurement of brake-specific emissions of NOx was 8% and CO2 was 6%.;A modal analysis indicated that the cruise mode comprised 70% of the time that the vehicle spent in the Not-to-Exceed (NTE) zone while the acceleration and deceleration modes about 20% and 10% respectively.;In order to reduce the …

Characterization Of New Particulate Mmc Materials And Bolted Joints Through Applicable Astm Standards, Vinu Zacharia Mathew

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Particulate reinforced metal matrix composites (PRMMC) comprise a new class of materials whose properties can be adjusted to suit a particular application. The main purpose of producing PRMMC is to achieve lightweight materials with added properties like high stiffness, high ultimate strength and hardness.;In this study we deal with PRMMC manufactured by a novel technology involving the pressure less infiltration of aluminum into a mass of ceramic reinforcement particles. Basic tests like tension test, three point bending test, hardness tests and coefficient of thermal expansion are conducted according to the ASTM standards in order to characterize the material. All these …