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Are Sexual Promiscuity And Relationship Infidelity Linked To Different Personality Traits Across Cultures? Findings From The International Sexuality Description Project, David P. Schmitt

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Over 17,000 participants responded to self-report measures of sexuality and personality as part of the International Sexuality Description Project. It was expected that romantic relationship infidelity would be associated with the personality traits of disagreeableness and a lack of conscientiousness across most cultures. Sexual promiscuity, on the other hand, was expected to relate to extraversion across most cultures. Analyses across 58 cultures from 52 nations revealed that romantic relationship infidelity was significantly associated with disagreeableness and low levels of conscientiousness across most cultures. Sexual promiscuity was related to extraversion across many, but not most, cultural regions. The expected pattern of …

Leadership And Teamwork In Developing Countries: Challenges And Opportunities, Zeynep Aycan

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Leadership and teamwork are the key factors contributing to organizational effectiveness if their attributes fit to the socio-cultural context. In this reading, the leadership and teamwork process are described in Developing countries (DCs). Developing countries, which comprise of 80 % of the world's population, are diverse in many ways. However, there are some common socio-economic, institutional, and political characteristics as well as shared cultural attributes. The first section addresses the difficulty of finding a definition of developing countries and lays out some common features. Next comes the presentation of six key socio-cultural characteristics that have implications for leadership and teamwork. …

Sojourners To Another Country: The Psychological Roller-Coaster Of Cultural Transitions, Nan M. Sussman Ph.D.

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Cultural sojourners are temporary visitors to another country who return to their home country. They can be students enrolled in a foreign university or corporate employees assigned to an international branch of their company. This chapter explores the psychological aspects of the cultural transition cycle experienced by the sojourner. The concepts of enculturation and cultural identity are introduced followed by a discussion of a transition model which focuses on awareness, adjustment, adaptation, self-concept change, cultural identity response and repatriation. Ideas for minimizing repatriation distress are suggested.

Culture Of Poverty: Lessons From Two Case Studies Of Poverty In The Philippines; One Became Rich, The Other One Stayed Poor, Ma. Teresa Tuason

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

This article describes the lives of poverty in the context of a specific culture, the Philippines. The goal of this article is to study what it means to be poor and to understand the cultural factors that contribute to this human experience. Two case studies will be presented; one of a Filipino who was born poor and has become materially successful, and another of a Filipino who was born poor and has stayed poor. Interestingly, the two persons are relatively similar in terms of beginning circumstances, education, gender, religion, and age. The discussion will deal with the processes of living …

Environmental Attitudes And Behaviors Across Cultures, P. Wesley Schultz

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

One of the fundamental aspects of culture is the relationship it prescribes between individuals and environment. Am I part of the natural environment, or am I separate and perhaps superior to nature? The answer to this question influences the types of attitudes that individuals within a given culture are likely to develop, the types of environmental behaviors that individuals are likely to adopt, and more generally, beliefs about how to solve environmental problems. This chapter examines differences in attitudes about environmental issues across cultures. We distinguish between egoistic environmental attitudes, and biospheric environmental attitudes, and summarize recent cross-cultural research on …

Subjective Well-Being Across Cultures, Eunkook M. Suh, Shigehiro Oishi

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

All individuals strive to be happy. How they pursue this ultimate human goal, however, seems to vary in interesting ways across cultures. Three key findings have emerged from recent scientific research: 1) individualist cultures are happier than collectivists, 2) psychological attributes characterizing the self (e.g., self-esteem, self-consistency) are more relevant to the happiness of Western individualists than to the happiness of collectivists, and 3) the self-judgment of happiness is anchored on different types of cues and experiences across cultures.

Somatization Vs. Psychologization Of Emotional Distress: A Paradigmatic Example For Cultural Psychopathology, Andrew G. Ryder, Jian Yang, Steven J. Heine

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

This paper describes the developing area of cultural psychopathology, an interdisciplinary field of study focusing on the ways in which cultural factors contribute to the experience and expression of psychological distress. We begin by outlining two approaches, often competing, in order to provide a background to some of the issues that complicate the field. The main section of the paper is devoted to a discussion of depression in Chinese culture as an example of the types of questions that can be studied. Here, we start with a review of the epidemiological literature, suggesting low rates of depression in China, …

The Making Of A Culturally Competent Counselor, Paul B. Pedersen

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Culturally competent counselors are accurately aware of culturally learned assumptions by themselves and their clients, comprehend the culturally relevant facts and information about a client' culture and are able to intervene skillfully to bring about positive change through counseling. A three-stage developmental framework proceeds from awareness to knowledge to skill in defining necessary competencies through a needs assessment. Examples of cultural bias are discussed and resistance to multicultural competence by counselors is described. Examples of facts and information needed to comprehend each cultural context meaningfully are identified and the possibility of multiculturalism as a "fourth force" in counseling is examined. …

Effect Of Peptidoglycan-Polysaccharide Complex On Reproductive Efficiency And Mastitis In Sheep, Ida Holaskova

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Bacterial infections associated with mastitis reduce pregnancies in cattle. Effects on pregnancy and incidence of mastitis in sheep were investigated after immunization with peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-PS) and killed cells from Strep. pyogenes. Rambouillet (n = 100) and mixed breed (n = 18) ewe lambs were immunized (∼d42 and 22 before breeding) with PG-PS (30mugPG/kg/bw) or killed cells or were not immunized (Control, n = 117). IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA. Ewes were bred at synchronized estrus. All immunized and half of non-immunized ewes were challenged with PG-PS (60mugPG/kg/bw) d5 after breeding. Although proportion of ewes pregnant at d42 did not …

Effect Of Dietary Protein On Plasma Uric Acid, Body Weight, And Oxidative Stress In Broilers, Maribel Machin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Uric acid is an important antioxidant due to its role as a free radical scavenger, and methods to elevate its plasma concentration may be important in animal health. In a preliminary study, the effect of dietary protein on plasma uric acid (PUA) was determined in 3-wk-old chicks. Twenty-four broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 4 diets: low protein (LP) containing 10% casein, medium protein (MP) containing 20% casein, high protein (HP) containing 45% casein and a commercial diet (COD) for 2-wks. PUA concentration increased in chicks fed HP diet and declined in chicks fed LP. In the principal study, PUA …

Survival And Recovery Characteristics Of Arcobacter Butzleri In Groundwater Microcosms, Robert Darrell Mcelwain

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Arcobacter butzleri may be an etiological agent of gastroenteritis. However, relatively little is known about the persistence and ecology of this genus, particularly in groundwater. In laboratory studies it was determined that the survival of A. butzleri in groundwater can exceed that of the traditional indicator organism, Escherichia coli. An inverse relationship between survival and water temperature was observed for both organisms, but the persistence of A. butzleri exceeded that of E. coli at 5, 15, and 25°C. Selective media for the isolation of Arcobacter spp., while sensitive enough to recover stressed cells, proved ineffective at reducing background flora. Only …

Effects Of Edge And Coarse Woody Debris On Small Mammal Communities In Riparian And Upland Habitats In Northern West Virginia, Joseph Daniel Osbourne

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The effects on biological communities of human-induced disturbances such as road construction for logging and military activities are a topic of much controversy in modern society. Furthermore, the response of small mammal communities to edge and coarse woody debris (CWD) volume in riparian and upland habitats of the central Appalachian Mountains has received little attention. The objectives of this study were to: (1) Perform a faunal survey of the Camp Dawson Collective Training Area in Preston County, West Virginia with an emphasis on rare and endangered species, (2) Estimate small mammal abundance, diversity, and condition in response to CWD manipulation, …

Psychometric Evaluation Of The Sport Disengagement Questionnaire, Heather Renee Deaner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study assessed the construct validity of the Sport Disengagement Questionnaire (SDQ) through a series of factor analyses and examined demographic variables in relation to total SDQ scores. The overall sample was comprised of 400 collegiate athletes representing five National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I universities and one NCAA Division II university across a total of 17 varsity sports. The participants completed either a pencil/paper (n = 253) or an online (n = 147) version of the 36-item SDQ and a demographic sheet. Three separate reliability analyses, interfactor correlation analyses, and factor analyses were conducted: one for the …

Relative Abundance, Temporal Distribution, And Functional Feeding Groups Of Aquatic Insects In Two First-Order Southwestern Pennsylvania Streams, Judith S. Steinberg

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Two first to second order streams (Kent Run and Munnell Hollow) at Ryerson Station State Park, Greene County, Pennsylvania, were compared as to water parameters (dissolved oxygen, hardness, temperature, pH, and current velocity), species diversity, and abundance of both immature and adult insects. Samples were taken biweekly for one year from May, 1999 through April, 2000 for a total of 26 sampling periods. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA. Kent Run had lower dissolved oxygen, higher pH and hardness, lower temperatures, and higher current velocity. A total of 137 taxa were collected at both streams. Of the total …

Vanadate-Induced Cell Cycle Regulation And Its Signal Transduction Pathway, Zhuo Zhang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Vanadate is potent toxic and carcinogenic agent. The mechanisms of its toxic and carcinogenic actions are still under investigation. Cell cycle arrest is an important mechanism in maintaining genomic stability and integrity in response to environmental stress. The present study investigated the possible mechanisms involved in vanadate-induced cell cycle arrest and its signal transduction pathway. The results show that vanadate caused G2/M phase arrest A549 cells. p21 and cdc25C affected on cyclin B/cdc2 complex, resulting in the cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. p38 and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) were involved in the regulation of these cell cycle regulatory …

Advanced Generation Niosh Automatically Deployable Rollover Protective Structure (Autorops), Khaled Ali Alkhaledi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

AutoROPS have been developed recently under the sponsorship of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in collaboration with the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department at West Virginia University. Unfortunately, numerous tractors' operators have removed the factory ROPS from the Tractors because of the lack of housing area on the tractor, which may result in frequent collision between the ROPS and low-hanging tree branches.;One main purpose of this work was to study the base of the second generation AutoROPS, to insure that the base can withstand the impact loads associated with the rollover of any farm tractor. Another …

Developing A Healthcare Website With Oracle Xml Technologies, Haiyan Liu

Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations

Taking a healthcare website as an example, this project addresses certain difficult issues involved in website development and maintenance. The three major problems confronted by current healthcare web sites are static content, underutilized data, and high development and maintenance cost. Adopting a new web design methodology, this project demonstrates how to overcome these problems and accomplish the following objectives: serve dynamic content from backend database, maximize the use of data, and minimize development and maintenance cost.

The technologies chosen to implement the project are Oracle XML technologies. Oracle XML Developer's Kit (XDK) combines the power of SQL, XML and XSLT …

Emotion-Based Personality Traits And Associations With Conflict Tactics And Relationship Satisfaction In Romantic Relationships, Christine A. Rudnicki

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to assess the role that emotion based personality traits play in conflict tactic choice and relationship satisfaction in romantic relationships. The researchers proposed that emotional intelligence and affective orientation influenced the choice of verbally aggressive or reasoning tactics use and their subsequent affects on overall relationship satisfaction. 159 participants, 84 men and 75 women, from a large Mid-Atlantic university participated in this study. Results showed that emotional intelligence and affective orientation were significantly correlated (r = .58), and that affective orientation in combination of the participants' perceptions of their partner's use of verbally aggressive, …

Optimisation Of Bile Production During Normothermic Preservation Of Porcine Livers., Charles J. Imber, Shawn D. St Peter, Inigo Lopez De Cenarruzabeitia, Hugh Lemonde, Mike Rees, Andrew Butler, Peter T. Clayton, Peter J. Friend

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Machine perfusion of livers may provide a mechanism for extended preservation of marginal donor organs before transplantation, as well as a method for viability assessment. It has proved possible in a series of experimental porcine liver perfusions to maintain liver viability for up to 72 h. However, a reduction in bile production with associated histological evidence of cholestasis was seen after 10 h of perfusion, damaging the biliary canaliculi during the preservation period and leaving these organs in an unacceptable condition for transplantation. It was proposed that reduction in bile production was the result of a relentless depletion of available …

The Relationship Between Perceived Self-Efficacy, Regimen Adherence, And Glycemic Control In Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study, Antonieta Pelias Alteza

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

This pilot study examined the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and regimen adherence on glycemic control among adolescents, aged 11 to 18 years, with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Thirty-six adolescent-parent dyads participated in this study. Bivariate analysis using Pearson product moment-correlations identified no significant relationships among the variables. Regarding treatment regimen, adolescents on insulin pumps had a mean glycosylated hemoglobin level of 8.09% whereas adolescents on daily insulin injections had a mean glycosylated hemoglobin level of 9.26%. Bandura's theory of self-efficacy provided the theoretical framework for this study. The Self-Efficacy for Diabetes scale and Questionnaire of Self-Care Behaviors scale were used …

Effects Of Ethanol On The Toxicity And Metabolism Of Acetonitrile And Acrylonitrile, Nancy Ochoa-Garza

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

This study examined the effects of ethanol on the toxicities and metabolism of two aliphatic nitriles: acetonitrile and acrylonitrile (one unsaturated and one saturated aliphatic nitrile, respectively) in male Sprague-Dawley rats at four different time intervals. Toxicity signs were apparent in all animals given the nitrile dosage, but those treated with ethanol dosages showed signs of toxicity earlier than those treated with glucose dosages. Both of the nitrites were metabolized to cyanide and thiocyanate. The concentration levels of each metabolite was apparent at 2 and 3 g/kg ethanol dosage for acetonitrile and 3 and 4.5 g/kg ethanol dosage for acrylonitrile …

Study Of Natural Gas Vehicles (Ngv) During The Fast Fill Process, Eric Paul Shipley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Natural gas is being used as an alternative fuel to gasoline. Natural gas vehicle (NGV) refueling stations, however, are not able to guarantee a 100% full fill to NGV's. A system was designed and built to better understand the characteristics of CNG during the fill process. Useful characteristics of CNG during the fill process are temperature, pressure, and flow rate, as well as, total volume dispensed. CNG is dispensed to an NGV through a process known as the fast fill process, since it is completed in less than five minutes. The system that was built is transportable, which means that …

Virtual Child Pornography: Criminal Conduct Or Protected Speech?, Daniel S. Armagh

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Blooding Of America: Privacy And The Dna Dragnet, Jeffrey S. Grand

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Comprehensive References And Indexes, Volume 23 (2001-2002)

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Multicultural Factors On The Supervision Working Alliance, Derya Suzen

Theses and Dissertations

The working relationship is important in all models of supervision. Bordin’s (1983) description of the working alliance in supervision suggests one important way of looking at the supervisory relationship. The purpose of the study was to investigate the extent to which the supervisor’s and supervisee’s perception of the supervisory working alliance is related to their multicultural characteristics (age, gender, sexual orientation, ethnic background, religion, relationship status, and physical disability) during the supervisees’ pre-doctoral internship year.

Individual participants were psychology interns and their individual supervisors recruited from APA-accredited university counseling centers through out the United States. Forty-nine intern-supervisor pairs responded during …

The Perceptions Of Selected Tribal College Transfer Students Attending The University Of North Dakota, Donna L. Brown

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the perceptions transfer students from Tribal Colleges have upon entering The University of North Dakota regarding their own readiness for a four-year institution. This study sought to find out what could be done at the tribal colleges, at UND, and what the institutions could do collaboratively to improve the success of tribal college transfer students. Eleven students participated in the study. They were first semester transfers coming directly from tribal colleges who had transferred in at least 45 semester credits and with grade point averages of 3.0 or higher. …

July 31, 2002 Cal Poly Report Digest, Public Affairs Office

Cal Poly Report

No abstract provided.

The Daily Egyptian, July 31, 2002, Daily Egyptian Staff

July 2002

No abstract provided.

07/31/2002 Obituary Records, Hawaii Obituaries

Obituaries

List of Obituaries for individuals who passed away on 07/31/2002. Scroll down to see the names and obituary description.