Digital Commons Network^™

The Pacific Island Mapping Program Of The Us Geological Survey, Frank C. Whitmore Jr.

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

A little-known aspect of the U.S. Geological Survey history is its involvement in preparing terrain intelligence reports during World War II. The Survey's Military Geology Unit was in charge of compiling these reports on areas of possible military operations. Maps were the main part of' these studies; they were compiled from existing maps, geologic and soils literature, aerial and ground photographs, and travelers' accounts. Compiled geologic anti soils maps served as basic data for interpretative maps on such subjects as construction materials. water supply, road and airfield siting and construction, and cross-country movement by tanks.

Separation Of Notch1 Promoted Lineage Commitment And Expansion/Transformation In Developing T Cells, David M. Allman, Fredrick G. Karnell, Jennifer Punt, Sonia Bakkour

Biology Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Estimated Areal Extent Of Colonies Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs In The Northern Great Plains, John Sidle, Douglas Johnson, Betty Euliss

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

During 1997-1998, we undertook an aerial survey, with an aerial line-intercept technique, to estimate the extent of colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in the northern Great Plains states of Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming. We stratified the survey based on knowledge of colony locations, computed 2 types of estimates for each stratum, and combined ratio estimates for high-density strata with average density estimates for low-density strata. Estimates of colony areas for black-tailed prairie dogs were derived from the average percentages of lines intercepting prairie dog colonies and ratio estimators. We selected the best estimator …

Effects Of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper And Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus Radiometric And Geometric Calibrations And Corrections On Landscape Characterization, James E. Vogelmann, Dennis Helder, Ron Morfitt, Michael J. Choate, James W. Merchant, Henry Bulley

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The Thematic Mapper (TM) instruments on board Landsats 4 and 5 provide high-quality imagery appropriate for many different applications, including land cover mapping, landscape ecology, and change detection. Precise calibration was considered to be critical to the success of the Landsat 7 mission and, thus, issues of calibration were given high priority during the development of the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). Data sets from the Landsat 5 TM are not routinely corrected for a number of radiometric and geometric artifacts, including memory effect, gain/bias, and interfocal plane misalignment. In the current investigation, the effects of correcting vs. not correcting …

The Impact Of Unmediated Document Delivery On Faculty Use Of Traditional Interlibrary Loan At Wichita State University, Kathy A. Downes, Ted Naylor

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

In these times of growing journal prices and shrinking budgets, alternative methods of information access are a necessity. Document delivery services have become an important alternative to providing information access beyond traditional interlibrary loan services. This article analyzes the effect the "unmediated" EbscoDoc document delivery service had on traditional interlibrary loan in a medium sized academic library. Access to the service was provided to faculty members at Wichita State University for a period of approximately two years. Use of the service varied from faculty members who ordered one article to the "super" users who ordered from 100 to 400 documents. …

Bibliographic Instruction For The Geoscience Undergraduate: A Digital Wonderland Or Lost In Space?, Adonna Fleming

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries: Faculty Publications

Technology has not only changed the format in which students access information, it has also changed the pedagogy of bibliographic instruction. Today, bibliographic instruction takes place in high-tech classrooms where librarians are teaching students computer skills, online search techniques, and most importantly how to determine what is appropriate for their research in a Web environment. This paper will demonstrate how library research has changed from the past to the present by reconstructing the search for sources used in the bibliography of a paper written by an undergraduate in the 1980's.

Leadership In Complex Organizations, Russ Marion, Mary Uhl-Bien

Department of Management: Faculty Publications

This paper asks how complexity theory informs the role of leadership in organizations. Complexity theory is a science of complexly interacting systems; it explores the nature of interaction and adaptation in such systems and how they influence such things as emergence, innovation, and fitness. We argue that complexity theory focuses leadership efforts on behaviors that enable organizational effectiveness, as opposed to determining or guiding effectiveness. Complexity science broadens conceptualizations of leadership from perspectives that are heavily invested in psychology and social psychology (e.g., human relations models) to include processes for managing dynamic systems and interconnectivity. We develop a definition of …

The Changing Shape Of Government, Alfred C. Aman, Steve Savas, Elliott Sclar, Lester Salamon, Charles Sabel

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Gillian E. Metzger, Alfred C. Aman Jr., Charles F. Sabel, Lester M. Salamon, E.S. Savas and Elliot D. Sclar participate in panel discussions focusing on the question of how to secure government accountability in the context of the expansion of privatization in government? This panel discusses some of the changes we are seeing in government institutions and in the ways government operates. The panelists describe ways in which the move toward privatization and the expansion of the gray area between public and private is occurring, but also will talk about changes we may see as being particularly useful in dealing …

Equity And The Article I Court: Is The Tax Court's Exercise Of Equitable Powers Constitutional?, Leandra Lederman

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Article I courts are the other federal courts, infrequently studied despite their important role in the judiciary. This article focuses on the United States Tax Court, an Article I court that hears approximately 95 percent of litigated federal tax cases. The article argues that the Tax Court's current tendency to apply equitable doctrines when necessary to avoid harsh outcomes dictated by statute lacks constitutional authority. First, the article examines the role of Article I courts in the federal judicial system and under the Constitution. Next, it considers the historical and modern meanings of equity and equitable powers in the context …

Conjugate Heat Transfer From A Two- Layer Substrate Model Of A Convectively Cooled Circuit Board, S. A. Harman, Kevin D. Cole

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

This note presents the results of a study of a simple model of an air-cooled electronic device mounted on a circuit board. The model includes a flush-mounted heater to represent the electronic device, a two-layer substrate to represent the circuit board, and a steady shear flow to represent the cooling fluid.

Ortega provides a good review of the literature and a comprehensive introduction to conjugate methods applied to electronic cooling, emphasizing simple shear flows and single-layer substrates to illustrate basic principles. Ortega also describes two-layer effects by including infrared thermographs of a convectively cooled glass/epoxy circuit board with copper traces, …

Is Virtual Trespass An Apt Analogy?, Maureen A. O'Rourke

Faculty Scholarship

Legal doctrine often evolves both more slowly than the conduct and the technology it is intended to regulate and by analogy. When parties argue that previously unheard-of behavior should generate some legal response, the relevant institution often seeks guidance from past experience. Earlier decisions addressing a specific actual context give some confidence that applying the legal rules from these prior situations to the new fact pattern will produce a sensible result. But principles developed to deal with one set of facts can only imperfectly fit another. This imperfect fit often becomes more evident over time, sometimes raising the question of …

Antitrust Intent, Ronald A. Cass, Keith N. Hylton

Faculty Scholarship

Many legal rules turn on a party's state of mind or intent with respect to some action or consequence. Legal scholars have long debated the contours of such requirements and the sorts of proof required for them. Intent has been an especially controversial issue in antitrust law. This paper provides a theory of legal standards that explains the role of intent analysis in antitrust and in other areas of the law. We argue that intent requirements, and many other legal rules, can be understood by focusing on the goal of minimizing the expected costs from legal errors. After developing a …

Party As A "Political Safeguard Of Federalism": Martin Van Buren And The Constitutional Theory Of Party Politics, Gerald F. Leonard

Faculty Scholarship

In the last decade or so, the Supreme Court has revitalized judicial enforcement of federalism. This development has spurred the partisans of Herbert Wechsler's "political safeguards of federalism" to begin a serious investigation of the ways in which extra-judicial politics can and does substitute for and complement the judicial role in enforcing federalism and the Constitution. Similarly, constitutional scholars have turned in increasing numbers to the question of how even judicially promulgated doctrines of constitutional law turn out to be more derivative of popular politics than vice versa. Necessarily, much of the investigation on both fronts has turned historical and …

Tying Law And Policy: A Decision-Theoretic Approach, Keith N. Hylton, Michael Salinger

Faculty Scholarship

This paper offers a decision theoretic framework for analyzing tying law, and presents a critical assessment of post-Chicago tying theory. The decision theoretic framework takes into account the likelihood of judicial error in the application of rules and the costs of such error. We use the decision theoretic framework to assess the proper legal rules regarding tying and technological integration. Three general themes run throughout much of our analysis. First, the per se rule against tying simply has no economic foundation. Second, while the post-Chicago literature established the theoretical possibility of anticompetitive tying, one must know the frequency of anticompetitive …

Bankruptcy Law V. Privacy Rights: Which Holds The Trump Card?, Walter W. Miller Jr., Maureen A. O'Rourke

Faculty Scholarship

The Internet's emergence as a retail marketplace has both posed new issues and cast old problems in a new light. As technology, particularly software, has advanced over time, traditional bricks and mortar firms have acquired the capability of tracking and analyzing all sorts of information about their customers, including purchasing patterns and demographic information. For years, firms have been licensing and selling such customer data both in and out of bankruptcy without much fear of legal limitations. In particular, the law has generally not adopted privacy rules that would present a barrier to commerce in personal information.

A Framework For The Rejuvenation Of The American Labor Movement, Michael C. Harper

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Combining Ordering Heuristics And Bundling Techniques For Solving Finite Constraint Satisfaction Problems, Amy Beckwith, Berthe Y. Choueiry

School of Computing: Technical Reports

We investigate techniques to enhance the performance of backtrack search procedure with forward-checking (FC-BT) for finding all solutions to a finite Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). We consider ordering heuristics for variables and/or values and bundling techniques based on the computation of interchangeability. While the former methods allow us to traverse the search space more effectively, the latter allow us to reduce it size. We design and compare strategies that combine static and dynamic versions of these two approaches. We show empirically the utility of dynamic variable ordering combined with dynamic bundling in both random problems and puzzles.

Optimization Of Amplifier Placements In Switch-Based Optical Networks, Ling Zong, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) offers a solution to the problem of exploiting the large bandwidth on optical links; it is the current favorite multiplexing technology for optical communication networks. Due to the high cost of an optical amplifier, it is desirable to strategically place the amplifiers throughout the network in a way that guarantees that all the signals are adequately amplified while minimizing the total number amplifiers being used. Previous studies all consider a star-based network. This paper demonstrates an original approach for solving the problem in switch-based WDM optical network assuming the traffic matrix is always the permutation of …

The Impact Of Software Evolution On Code Coverage Information, Sebastian Elbaum, David Gable, Gregg Rothermel

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Many tools and techniques for addressing software maintenance problems rely on code coverage information. Often, this coverage information is gathered for a specific version of a software system, and then used to perform analyses on subsequent versions of that system without being recalculated. As a software system evolves, however, modifications to the software alter the software’s behavior on particular inputs, and code coverage information gathered on earlier versions of a program may not accurately reflect the coverage that would be obtained on later versions. This discrepancy may affect the success of analyses dependent on code coverage information. Despite the importance …

Technology As The Representative Anecdote In Popular Discourses Of Health And Medicine, Lynn M. Harter, Phyllis Japp

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

Using a Burkean framework (1969), this article approaches medical dramas as cultural texts to be read for dominant meanings of health and health care. Burke’s representative anecdote illuminates the melding of science, technology, and healing in popular discourses of health, establishing technological intervention as the norm and marginalizing nontechnological (i.e., alternative) forms of health care. Popular entertainment reinforces this anecdote in narratives of healing as technological competence triumphing over nature.

A Generator Of Random Instances Of Binary Finite Constraint Satisfaction Problems With Controllable Levels Of Interchangeability, Hui Zou, Amy Beckwith, Berthe Y. Choueiry

School of Computing: Technical Reports

In order to test the performance of algorithms for solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs), we must establish a large collection of CSP instances that meet a given set of specifications, such as the number of variables, domain size, constraint density, tightness, etc. The goal of this report is to describe a generator of instances that have a specified degree of interchangeability. An example of such a generator is described in (Freuder and Sabin 1997), which generates non-reflexive constraints and does not allow us to control concurrently the degree of interchangeability and tightness. We have developed a technique and written a …

Optimization Of Orthogonal Polyphase Spreading Sequences For Wireless Data Applications, B. J. Wysocki, Tadeusz Wysocki

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications (to 2015)

In this paper, we propose a simple but efficient method for optimizing correlation properties of polyphase spreading sequences for asynchronous DS CDMA applications. The proposed method can be used to minimize the mean square value of aperiodic crosscorrelation or the mean square value of aperiodic autocorrelation, the maximum value of aperiodic crosscorrelation functions, merit factor or other properties of the sequence set. The important feature of the method is that when applied to orthogonal sequences, it modifies correlation properties of the sequence set, while preserves their orthogonality for perfect synchronization.

Infrastructure Support For Controlled Experimentation With Software Testing And Regression Testing Techniques, Hyunsook Do, Sebastian Elbaum, Gregg Rothermel

School of Computing: Technical Reports

Where the creation, understanding, and assessment of software testing and regression testing techniques are concerned, controlled experimentation is an indispensable research methodology. Obtaining the infrastructure necessary to support such experimentation, however, is difficult and expensive. As a result, progress in experimentation with testing techniques has been slow, and empirical data on the costs and effectiveness of techniques remains relatively scarce. To help address this problem, we have been designing and constructing infrastructure to support controlled experimentation with testing and regression testing techniques. This paper reports on the challenges faced by researchers experimenting with testing techniques, including those that inform the …

Hierarchical Ring Network Configuration And Performance Modeling, V. Carl Hamacher, Hong Jiang

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Approximate analytical queuing network models for expected message packet delay in 2-level and 3-level hierarchical ring interconnection networks (INs) are developed. A major class of traffic carried by these INs consists of cache line transfers between processor caches and remote memory modules in shared-memory multiprocessors. Such traffic consists of short, fixed-length messages; they can be conveniently transported by the slotted-ring transmission technique which is studied here. The packet delay results derived from the models are shown to be quite accurate when checked against a simulation study. As well as facilitating analysis, the analytical models can be used to determine optimal …

Hierarchy-Based Access Control In Distributed Environments, Jean-Camille Birget, Xukai Zou, Guevara Noubir, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

Access control is a fundamental concern in any system that manages resources, e.g., operating systems, file systems, databases and communications systems. The problem we address is how to specify, enforce, and implement access control in distributed environments. This problem occurs in many applications such as management of distributed project resources, e-newspaper and payTV subscription services.

Starting from an access relation between users and resources, we derive a user hierarchy, a resource hierarchy, and a unified hierarchy. The unified hierarchy is then used to specify the access relation in a way that is compact and that allows efficient queries. It is …

The Effects Of Multitasking On Quality Inspection In Advanced Manufacturing Systems, Jose A. Pesante, Robert C. Williges, Jeffrey C. Woldstad

Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Although the industrial quality inspection task has been extensively studied, the effect of multitasking on the performance of the operator in a hybrid inspection system is still unknown. The experiment described in this article compared the quality inspection performance for participants performing a single task, 3 multiple tasks, and 5 multiple tasks. The results of this research indicate that the performance of the operator in the quality inspection task while multitasking in an advanced manufacturing system will be determined by the interaction between the number of different types of defects that can be presented at the same time in the …

Beyond Indian Law: The Rehnquist Court’S Pursuit Of States’ Rights, Color-Blind Justice And Mainstream Values, David H. Getches

Publications

No abstract provided.

Tracking Of Moving Objects In Scenery Using Subspace Projection Using Independent Component Analysis, Brian J. Noe, Fredric M. Ham

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

A system is developed for tracking moving objects though natural scenery. A technique is presented for performing change detection on imagery to determine the difference between two images or a sequence of images. Form there an algorithm is presented to detect the presence of a new object and/or the deletion of objects. Then the application of a Variable Structure Interacting Multiple Model tracking filter is presented. The method of performing change detection is based upon the concept of image subspace projection. A set of basis image maps are formed when combined with a mixing matrix can recreate the original image. …

A Direct Correlation Function For Mesomorphic Polymers And Its Application To The ‘Smectic’ Phase Of Isotactic Polypropylene, Y Cohen, Ravi F. Saraf

Papers in Materials Science

A general model to calculate the structure of a smectic to nematic-like order in polymer systems is proposed. The model is limited to well-aligned molecules with respect to each other. It is especially suited for systems where the packing between neighboring chains is described by liquid-like disorder with axial registration in the chain-axis direction. In such a case the diffraction pattern from the oriented structure exhibits broad liquid-like reflections on the equatorial but sharper reflections on the layer lines. An Ornstein-Zernike approach is adopted to calculate the inter-chain packing and inter-chain registration, where the direct correlation function of packing and …

Relationship Between Durophagy And Feeding Biomechanics In Gray Triggerfish, Balistes Capriscus: Intraspecific Variation In Ecological Morphology, Christopher J. Durie, Ralph G. Turingan

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The relationship between oral jaw biomechanics and consumption of hard prey was compared between Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) and Atlantic Ocean (Atlantic) populations of gray triggerfish (Balistes capriscus) to examine intraspecific ecomorphological variation between these fish. Gut content analysis revealed that Atlantic fish fed more on hard-shelled invertebrates, such as crabs and sea urchins, than Gulf conspecifics. Difference in the relative magnitude of durophagy between Gulf and Atlantic triggerfish was associated with intraspecific differences in key biomechanical properties of the prey-capture and processing mechanism. The more durophagous Atlantic B. capriscus had more massive jaw bones and muscles than Gulf fish. …