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2001

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What's So Bad About Bush V. Gore? An Essay On Our Unsettled Election, Louis Michael Seidman Jan 2001

What's So Bad About Bush V. Gore? An Essay On Our Unsettled Election, Louis Michael Seidman

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

There is a chance that Bush v. Gore may begin a process of laying a more attractive and realistic foundation for constitutionalism than the Official Story provides. The very fact that the Court is not politically independent and that it could not settle the matter in a disinterested, apolitical fashion might set us down a path toward a more mature version of constitutional law. The politically tendentious character of the Coon's reasoning demonstrates that our core constitutional commitments are subject to political manipulation. Ironically, public understanding of this malleability makes our politics more, rather than less, inclusive. It does so …

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Collusion And Collective Action In The Patent System: A Proposal For Patent Bounties, John R. Thomas Jan 2001

Collusion And Collective Action In The Patent System: A Proposal For Patent Bounties, John R. Thomas

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Persistent commentary contends that the Patent Office is issuing patents that appropriate public domain concepts at an alarming frequency. Complaints of low patent quality enjoy growing resonance with regard to business methods, computer software, and other inventions for which patents were not traditionally sought. In this article, Professor Jay Thomas explains how the judiciary's lenient view of patentable subject matter and utility standards, along with miserly congressional funding policies, have rendered the Patent Office an increasingly porous agency. Professor Thomas next reviews existing proposals for improving patent quality, including the conventional wisdom that adoption of an opposition system will contribute …

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Highways And Bi-Ways For Environmental Justice, Richard J. Lazarus Jan 2001

Highways And Bi-Ways For Environmental Justice, Richard J. Lazarus

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The purpose of this essay is to discuss the past, present, and future of the environmental justice movement as illustrated by the highway between Selma and Montgomery in Alabama and the highway system surrounding the City of Atlanta in neighboring Georgia. The essay is divided into three parts. The first part describes environmental justice, seeking both to place it in a broader historical perspective and to discuss how it relates to civil rights law and environmental law. The second part undertakes a closer examination of the challenges presented by efforts to fashion positive law to address environmental justice norms. This …

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The Clean Air Act And The Constitution, Lisa Heinzerling Jan 2001

The Clean Air Act And The Constitution, Lisa Heinzerling

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

In the summer of 1997, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) strengthened the air quality standards for two air pollutants, particulate matter and ozone, based on mounting scientific evidence of the harmfulness of these pollutants at levels allowed by the existing standards. With respect to particulate matter (PM), the agency found that numerous epidemiological studies had established an association between PM levels and premature deaths in humans, especially in the elderly population. Indeed, one study on which the EPA relied had found that approximately 60,000 premature deaths in the United States alone could be attributed, annually, to particulate matter. The scientific …

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Evaluating Congressional Constitutional Interpretation: Some Criteria And Two Informal Case Studies, Mark V. Tushnet Jan 2001

Evaluating Congressional Constitutional Interpretation: Some Criteria And Two Informal Case Studies, Mark V. Tushnet

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

I begin this Essay by identifying some problems with conducting an empirical inquiry into Congress's performance in constitutional matters. I argue that there is actually only a small set of issues for which we have a reasonably clean record to evaluate. With the problems I have identified in the background, I then examine some aspects of Congress's performance in the impeachment of President William J. Clinton and, more briefly, some aspects of its response to a presidential military initiative taken without formal prior congressional endorsement. I conclude that Congress's performance in the impeachment, however flawed, was reasonably good, and that …

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Legislative Constitutional Interpretation, Neal K. Katyal Jan 2001

Legislative Constitutional Interpretation, Neal K. Katyal

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

This is an Essay about "the how" of constitutional interpretation. Much attention has been devoted to the question of how the Constitution is interpreted in courts. Rather little attention has been devoted to the question of how the Constitution is interpreted elsewhere in the government. The Constitution tells us that Congress, the President, and state legislators and courts must adhere to its terms, but it does not tell us how much interpretive power each actor should have, nor does it prescribe rules for each actor to use when interpreting the text. I argue that constitutional interpretation by Congress is, and …

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Stability And Development In Canon Law And The Case Of "Definitive" Teaching, Ladislas M. Örsy Jan 2001

Stability And Development In Canon Law And The Case Of "Definitive" Teaching, Ladislas M. Örsy

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Stability is an essential quality of any good legal system because a community's laws are an expression of its identity, and there is no identity without permanency. Many times we hear in the United States that we are a country held together by our laws. Although the statement cannot be the full truth, it is obvious that if our laws ever lost their stability, the nation's identity would be imperiled. In a religious community where the source of its identity is in the common memory of a divine revelation, the demand for stability is even stronger. Fidelity to the "Word …

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The Original Meaning Of The Commerce Clause, Randy E. Barnett Jan 2001

The Original Meaning Of The Commerce Clause, Randy E. Barnett

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The U& Supreme Court, in recent cases; has attempted to define limits on the Congress's power to regulate commerce among the several states. While Justice Thomas has maintained that the original meaning of "commerce" was limited to the "trade and exchange" of goods and transportation for this purpose, some have argued that he is mistaken and that "commerce" originally included any "gainful activity." Having examined every appearance of the word "commerce"in the records of the Constitutional Convention, the ratification debates and the Federalist Papers, Professor Barnett finds no surviving example of this term being used in this broader sense. In …

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Ethics In Adr: The Many "Cs" Of Professional Responsibility And Dispute Resolution, Carrie Menkel-Meadow Jan 2001

Ethics In Adr: The Many "Cs" Of Professional Responsibility And Dispute Resolution, Carrie Menkel-Meadow

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

I have been teaching both alternative dispute resolution ("ADR") and professional responsibility for a long time, and I will devote the majority of this essay to reporting on some of the enormous changes and developments in this field. However, I will begin with a mea culpa at a higher level of ethical consciousness than the rules that govern us, or are about to govern us, typically use. I have spent the last five years of my life writing ethical rules for ADR, and I am worried about the future of this field. There are many changes occurring in ADR, and …

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Berle And Means Reconsidered At The Century's Turn, William W. Bratton Jan 2001

Berle And Means Reconsidered At The Century's Turn, William W. Bratton

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Part I places Berle and Means in the context of the legal theory of its day by comparing the work of Dewey on the theory of the firm and Douglas on corporate reorganization. This discussion highlights two progressive assumptions Berle and Means shared with these business law contemporaries-a confidence in the efficacy of judicial intervention to vindicate distributive policies and a distrust of the institution of contract. These assumptions would, in the long run, cause the book's prescription to land wide of the mark. After 1980, Berle and Means lost their paradigmatic status due to a combination of skepticism respecting …

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Teaching The Law Of Race (Book Review), Anthony V. Alfieri Jan 2001

Teaching The Law Of Race (Book Review), Anthony V. Alfieri

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Race Prosecutors, Race Defenders, Anthony V. Alfieri Jan 2001

Race Prosecutors, Race Defenders, Anthony V. Alfieri

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Interpretive Communities: The Missing Element In Statutory Interpretation, William S. Blatt Jan 2001

Interpretive Communities: The Missing Element In Statutory Interpretation, William S. Blatt

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Crime Control And Feminist Law Reform In Domestic Violence Law: A Critical Review, Donna Coker Jan 2001

Crime Control And Feminist Law Reform In Domestic Violence Law: A Critical Review, Donna Coker

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Towards A Practice Of Deliberative Democracy: A Proposal For A Popular Branch , Ethan J. Leib Jan 2001

Towards A Practice Of Deliberative Democracy: A Proposal For A Popular Branch , Ethan J. Leib

Faculty Scholarship

Proposals for practical institutional reforms are notoriously absent from discussions about deliberative democracy. It is imperative to engage in the “nuts and bolts” debate of just what kinds of changes we discourse theorists or deliberative democrats want to effect. Here I would like to try to synthesize a reform proposal of my own based upon three major assumptions. Without argument, I assume a largely discourse-theoretic view of democracy that takes for granted the republican virtue of collective self-government as well as the Kantian claim that each citizen should be the author of his own laws. I further assume that our …

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Multiracial Matrix: The Role Of Race Ideology In The Enforcement Of Antidiscrimination Laws, A United States-Latin America Comparison, Tanya K. Hernandez Jan 2001

Multiracial Matrix: The Role Of Race Ideology In The Enforcement Of Antidiscrimination Laws, A United States-Latin America Comparison, Tanya K. Hernandez

Faculty Scholarship

This Article examines the role of race ideology in the enforcement of antidiscrimination laws. Professor Hernandez demonstrates the ways in which the U.S. race ideology is slowly starting to resemble the race ideology of much of Latin America. The evolving U.S. race ideology is a multiracial matrix made up of four precepts: (1) racial mixture and diverse racial demography will resolve racial problems; (2) fluid racial classification schemes are an indicator of racial progress and the colorblind abolition of racial classifications an indicator of absolute racial harmony; (3) racism is solely a phenomenon of aberrant racist individuals; and (4) focusing …

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Regulation Of Religious Proselytism In The United States, Howard Hunter, Polly J. Price Jan 2001

Regulation Of Religious Proselytism In The United States, Howard Hunter, Polly J. Price

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Howard Hunter and Polly Price examine the components of the US legal system that affect proselytism, focusing on the contradictions between the constitutional protection of religious freedom and legal constraints on proselytism. Hunter and Price comprehensively review the regulation of proselytism in both public and private spaces in the United States, analyze the justifications for these regulations, and suggest probable future issues of debate regarding religious freedom. Additionally, Hunter and Price argue that the regulation of proselytism has led to a failure to protect religious minorities, and in some cases contributed to their persecution.

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2001-2002 Undergraduate Bulletin, Rochester Institute Of Technology Jan 2001

2001-2002 Undergraduate Bulletin, Rochester Institute Of Technology

RIT Digital Archives

No abstract provided.

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Rationalising Restitutionary Damages In Contract Law: An Elusive Or Illusory Ques, Andrew Phang, Pey Woan Lee Jan 2001

Rationalising Restitutionary Damages In Contract Law: An Elusive Or Illusory Ques, Andrew Phang, Pey Woan Lee

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The present article surveys various issues in the law relating to the award of restitutionary damages in contract law, utilising as its point of focus the recent House of Lords decision in Attorney-General v Blake. It explores, in particular, two possible (albeit quite different) routes towards the recovery of such damages; the first based on the (more traditional) compensatory basis and the second on the (more controversial) restitutionary basis for disgorgement of the defendant's gain. While we argue that there is, on a more general level, no overriding objection in principle to the award of restitutionary damages for cynical breach …

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The Yugoslav Truth And Reconciliation Commission: A Shaky Start, Jelena Pejic Jan 2001

The Yugoslav Truth And Reconciliation Commission: A Shaky Start, Jelena Pejic

Fordham International Law Journal

The purpose of this Essay is to examine the establishment of the Yugoslav Truth and Reconciliation Commission and to draw some early conclusions on whether it will be capable of rendering the facts that I would so desperately like my uncle to face. The first part will deal with the need for a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, while the second part will outline and then comment on its basic documents. The assumption is that the reader is basically familiar with the work of similar commissions around the world and the text will therefore not attempt to repeat the literature on …

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Politics And Human Rights In International Criminal Law: Our Case Against Nato And The Lessons To Be Learned From It, Michael Mandel Jan 2001

Politics And Human Rights In International Criminal Law: Our Case Against Nato And The Lessons To Be Learned From It, Michael Mandel

Fordham International Law Journal

This article outlines the case against NATO as having committed war crimes that the author believes should have been tried before the ICTY. The author argues that by not subjecting countries like the United States and other NATO members to international criminal trials and consequences, it undermines international criminal law. The author concludes by discussing the ICC and the United States qualified signing of, and suggested withdrawal from, the treaty and the ramifications that it has for the legitimacy of international criminal law.

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Kosovo And The Limits Of International Law, David Wippman Jan 2001

Kosovo And The Limits Of International Law, David Wippman

Fordham International Law Journal

This article examines the legality and wisdom of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (“NATO”) intervention in Kosovo in 1990. The Kosovo campaign pushed at the boundaries of international law in at least two important respects. First, NATO's decision to engage in large-scale military action without prior Security Council authorization raised significant doubts about the status of the law governing the use of force and the viability of United Nations (“U.N.”) primacy in matters of international peace and security. Second, NATO's high-altitude bombing campaign, conducted without a single NATO combat casualty but with significant civilian casualties within the FRY, called into …

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The Global Schoolyard Bully: The Organisation For Economic Co-Operation And Development's Coercive Efforts To Control Tax Competition, Alexander Townsend, Jr. Jan 2001

The Global Schoolyard Bully: The Organisation For Economic Co-Operation And Development's Coercive Efforts To Control Tax Competition, Alexander Townsend, Jr.

Fordham International Law Journal

This Comment seeks to analyze the OECD's effort to curb tax competition. Section I of this Comment provides background information of the emergence of international taxation and the remedial measures historically enacted to address global fiscal issues, notably double taxation. This section will also outline the OECD's emergence and role in international taxation issues. Furthermore, this section will discuss globalization and its contribution to the growth of preferential tax regimes, thus facilitating the OECD's remedial effort. Section II analyzes the OECD's reports, "Harmful Tax Competition: An Emerging Global Issue" ("1998 Report") and "Towards Global Tax Co-operation: Progress in Identifying and …

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Current Apathy For Coming Anarchy: Building The Special Court For Sierra Leone, Nicole Fritz, Alison Smith Jan 2001

Current Apathy For Coming Anarchy: Building The Special Court For Sierra Leone, Nicole Fritz, Alison Smith

Fordham International Law Journal

Part I of this Article examines the chronology of the decade-long conflict in Sierra Leone. It provides an illuminating backdrop against which the Special Court may be assessed and highlights particular features that the institutional design of the Special Court would have to accommodate. Part II explores the precedents for the Special Court. Specifically, it considers the establishment of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia ("ICTY") and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda ("ICTR"), and the impetus behind the International Criminal Court, developments that parallel in time the unfolding of Sierra Leone's conflict. Part III subjects particular features …

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Issues On Ethnicity And Governance In Nigeria: A Universal Human Rights Perspective, Ema I. Orji Jan 2001

Issues On Ethnicity And Governance In Nigeria: A Universal Human Rights Perspective, Ema I. Orji

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article focuses on the plight of the Igbo ethnic group of southeast Nigeria. It traces the historical and political evolution of Nigeria with emphasis on ethnic relations. In arguing that the Igbo are victims of fundamental human rights violations, references are made to relevant international human rights instruments, as well as to the various constitutional guarantees entrenched in various Nigerian constitutions. The marginalization of the Igbo is discussed, particularly with regard to disparities in national education programs. This Article also discusses the Igbo right to self-determination and the failure of the international community to intervene on behalf of the …

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Introduction- Twenty-Five Years Of The Fordham International Law Journal, Joseph C. Sweeney Jan 2001

Introduction- Twenty-Five Years Of The Fordham International Law Journal, Joseph C. Sweeney

Fordham International Law Journal

A review of the history of the Fordham ILJ. It is a partial reprint of an essay published in 20 FORDHAM INT'L L.J. 1 (1996). The essay attempts to briefly summarize the purpose of the ILJ and past volumes.

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The Agreement On Privileges And Immunities Of The International Criminal Court , Phakiso Mochochoko Jan 2001

The Agreement On Privileges And Immunities Of The International Criminal Court , Phakiso Mochochoko

Fordham International Law Journal

The purpose of this Essay is to examine the provisions of the Agreement and provide the reader with hopefully useful background information on how compromises that enabled delegates to finalize the Agreement were reached. The hope is that this will augur well for a better understanding of the Agreement by filling some of the gaps that may be apparent from a cursory reading of the Agreement. The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not in anyway bind delegates that negotiated the Agreement.

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Necessary Steps For The Creation Of The International Criminal Court , Jennifer Schense Jan 2001

Necessary Steps For The Creation Of The International Criminal Court , Jennifer Schense

Fordham International Law Journal

This Essay will examine in further detail the legal structure for the actual establishment of the Court and relevant examples, in particular the establishment of the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda and the International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea. This Essay will also set forth some recommendations for timely action by governments, the United Nations, and other experts, to ensure that a solid foundation for the Court is constructed in a timely way.

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The Cooperation Of States With The International Criminal Court , Valerie Oosterveld, Mike Perry, John Mcmanus Jan 2001

The Cooperation Of States With The International Criminal Court , Valerie Oosterveld, Mike Perry, John Mcmanus

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article explores the various cooperation obligations included within the Rome Statute related to arrest and surrender; investigation and evidence gathering; privileges and immunities of Court officials; witness protection; enforcement of ICC sentences, fines, and forfeiture orders; and offenses against the administration of justice. The nature of each obligation will be discussed within the context of the Rome Statute itself, its negotiation history, and a comparison of how Canada, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom have implemented their obligations to cooperate with the ICC into their domestic law, to the end of providing technical assistance to States undertaking the important task …

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The Case Against The International Criminal Court , Lee A. Casey Jan 2001

The Case Against The International Criminal Court , Lee A. Casey

Fordham International Law Journal

This article argues against participation by the United States in the International Criminal Court. The article attempts to show that participation in the ICC regime would be inconsistent with American democracy, inimical to American national interests and would violate the Constitution. Were the United States to become a State party to the Rome Statute, it would, for the first time since July 4, 1776, acknowledge the superior authority of an institution neither elected by the American people, nor accountable to them for its actions. Not surprisingly, ratification of the Rome Statute also would violate the Constitution

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