Digital Commons Network^™

Characterization Of Infield Vehicle Activity Data And Exhaust Emissions From Diesel Powered Off-Road Vehicles, Ryan Andrew Barnett

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A study was conducted to determine brake-specific emissions from diesel-powered off-highway heavy equipment that were exercised on steady-state and transient cycles. Two vehicles were evaluated in this study, a streetsweeper (114 hp) and a rubber-tired loader (110 hp). Due to the lack of appropriate transient cycles available for these vehicles, methods were developed to document infield operation for the creation of test cycles and strategies. These cycles were later used to mimic infield operation for the collection of emissions and performance data on a dynamometer test bed.;Brake-specific emissions data collected during the transient cycles was compared to data collected during …

Factors Influencing Crosslink Formation In Muscle Tissue, Maricica Pacurari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of the crosslink breaker ALT-711 on the concentration of soluble collagen, as well as its effectiveness on meat tenderness.;Final body weights were not affected by treatments. Muscle tenderness was higher (p < 0.05) for TB, SS, BF, ST, and LT (p < 0.10) for A-maturity animals compared to control and ALT-711 treated animals. No consistent ALT-711 effect on shear force measurements was found. Shear force increased linearly with age BF, R2 = 0.94; SM, R2 = 0.81; LL, R 2 = 0.77; SS, R2 = 0.63; LT, R2 = 0.32; TB, R2 = 0.37; ST, R2 = 0.40. Total collagen content was not different (p > 0.10) between A-maturity, control and ALT-711 treated animals. However, the concentration of soluble collagen was higher (P < 0.05) for A-maturity group. Insoluble collagen content was higher (p < 0.05) for longissimus thoracis, biceps femoris, and (p < 0.10) for supraspinatus of control animals. Muscle soluble collagen content decreased linearly as chronological age increased LT R2 = 0.98; LL R 2 = 0.92; TB R2 = 0.99; BF R2 = 0.99; ST R2 = 0.95; SM R2 = 0.99; SS R2 = 0.36. The soluble collagen percentage was higher for ALT-711 treated animals compared to control animals.;ALT-711 tended to increase muscle soluble collagen content of aged cattle. ALT-711 may be an effective age-related collagen crosslink breaker. However, ALT-711 may not be used to improve meat quality of aged cattle.

Economic Evaluation Of Three Preventive Drug Therapies For Osteoporotic Fractures Among Women At Different Risk Levels, Xin Gao

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Objective. To evaluate cost-effectiveness (CE) of three drug therapies for preventing osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women from a state Medicaid Program perspective using the estimated risk distribution in the study population. The three therapies are: hormone replacement therapy (HRT), alendronate, and raloxifene. Methods. A hypothetical cohort of white women aged 45--85 years, postmenopausal, and without past incidence of osteoporotic fractures was treated with one of the three alternatives, and tracked over 3 years in a decision model. The CE ratio was defined as the treatment costs [e.g., medications, monitoring, adverse events (AE)] divided by the number of fractures averted. Treatment …

Ante- And Post-Mortem Factors Affect Muscle Protein Functionality From Fish, Sitima Jittinandana

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fillets were brined in 8.7 or 17.4% (w/v) sodium chloride solution, respectively, for 30, 60, 90, or 120 min at 3°C. Increased brine concentration decreased brined pH, myosin solubility, brined and cooked moisture content, and water activity, and increased fillet weight loss after brining, cook yield, actin solubility, water-phase salt content, and shear force. Brining time linearly increased myofibrillar protein solubility, fillet weight loss after brining, water-phase salt content, and cooked ash content and linearly decreased water activity and brined and cooked moisture content. An 8.7% (w/v) brine and 90-min brining time resulted in maximum texture …

Higher Order Chromatin Degradation Induced By Hydrogen Peroxide In Glial Cells, Raymond Mouzannar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study addresses the genotoxicity of oxidative stress. We induced oxidative stress in cultured rat oligodendrocytes by exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Intact genomic DNA was isolated by agarose embedding and its fragmentation was assessed by field inversion gel electrophoresis (FIGE). To detect single strand fragmentations, the DNA was digested with S1 nuclease before FIGE. We found that the exposure of oligodendrocytes to pathological concentrations of H2O2, induces a rapid digestion of nuclear chromatin in a pattern consistent with higher order chromatin degradation (HOCD). HOCD, the hallmark of programmed cell death (PCD), proceeds through single strand scissions that accumulate at …

Damage Mechanics Of Human Cortical Bone, Gagik Parsam Parsamian

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Skeletal fragility is an important orthopedic concern including the prevention of osteoporosis, long-term stability of prosthetic implants and stress fractures. Damage in human cortical bone has been implicated as a cause of increased fragility and is thought to initiate bone remodeling. Therefore, characterization of the mechanisms of damage initiation and accumulation in bone is challenging not only from the engineering prospective but also has a potential of revealing new insights in its physiology. The main objectives of this dissertation work were to study the early stages of damage development in human cortical bone and develop a constitutive formulation describing damage …

Physiological Study Of Cold Acclimation In Rhododendron Sp. With Emphasis On Role Of Dehydrins, Calin O. Marian

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this study we established the significance of 25 kDa dehydrin accumulation during cold acclimation (CA) in a wide array of Rhododendron species. These species (24 in total) belong to two diverse subgenera, Hymenanthes and Rhododendron, native to diverse latitudes and altitudes. The dehydrin of interest is highly conserved in Rhododendron genus and was present and up-regulated during CA in all the species studied with one exception---R. brookeanum ---a species adapted to tropics. Some other dehydrins were also found to accumulate in response to cold acclimation in several species, but none of these accumulated consistently. Experimental data show that there …

Green Tea Antioxidants Inhibition Of Oxidation And Mutation, Paul Stout Mcconnell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Green tea is a complex mixture containing several major potent antioxidants e.g., flavins and/or polyphenols. These antioxidants in green tea may react directly or indirectly with strong oxidizers e.g. peroxynitrite or its constituents (superoxide or nitric oxide). Green tea antioxidants can destroy the oxidants. Based on a simple chemical interaction of peroxynitrite (OONO-) and luminol, blue light is produced upon oxidation. It was shown that green tea and constituents have light inhibitory capabilities. In order to show the possible beneficial effects of green tea with DNA, plasmids were chosen to determine whether or not green tea was also capable of …

Factors Contributing To College Freshmen Placed On Academic Probation, Lee Ann Vecellio

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The responses of college freshmen placed on academic probation to a survey examining the factors leading to their poor academic performance were studied to ascertain the perceived problem areas. One hundred and seventy-two college freshmen selected factors concerning motivation, time management, social, and financial components, which they believed contributed to their poor academic performance during their freshman year. For males, inadequate balance between time and other activities was perceived as the number one factor contributing to their demise. On the other hand, females selected lack of academic motivation as their number one factor. Interestingly, these factors were reversed when identifying …

Contents Of Volume 99: Subject Index, Articles, Notes, Authors, Books Reviewed, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

No abstract provided.

United States Patent: Isolation And Characterization Of Gene Encoding Maize Heat Shock Protein, Thomas Elthon, Adrian A. Lund, Dinakar Bhattramakki, David Rhoads

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

This invention relates to the identification and characterization of the maize HSP22 protein including the corresponding nucleic acid molecules, nucleic acid fragments and protein fragments. Further, this invention relates to both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to HSP22 and the production thereof. These antibodies can be used in a method for detecting the presence of HSP22 expression in whole leaf samples. Further, the nucleic acid molecule and fragments thereof can be used in assays to detect the levels of nucleic acid molecules involved in HSP22 expression. The levels of both HSP22 and HSP22 mRNA are then utilized as an indication of …

Neuronal Cell Model And Methods Of Use Therefor, Craig S. Miller, Robert J. Danaher, Robert J. Jacob

Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics Faculty Patents

The present invention provides, inter alia, a PC12 cell quiescently infected with a neurotropic virus. Preferred quiescently-infected neural cells are those wherein the neurotropic virus is a neurotropic herpes virus. Methods related to these and other materials are also provided.

The Scientific Foundations Of Habitat Conservation Plans: A Quantitative Assessment, Elaine K. Harding, Elizabeth E. Crone, Bret D. Elderd, Jonathan M. Hoekstra, Alexa J. Mckerrow, John D. Perrine, Jim Regetz, Leslie J. Rissler, Amanda G. Stanley, Eric L. Walters

Faculty Publications

The number of habitat conservation plans (HCP) has risen dramatically since the first plan was written over 18 years ago. Until recently, no studies have quantitatively investigated the scientific foundations underlying these documents. As part of a larger study of HCPs, we examined 43 plans primarily to assess the availability and use of scientific data and secondarily to determine the extent of involvement by, and influence of independent scientists within the process. Specifically, our analysis focused on five key steps taken when an HCP is developed: assessing status of a species, determining take, predicting the project effects, mitigating for those …

2001 (January-June) Performance And Progress Report: Unh/Noaa Joint Hydrographic Center, Larry A. Mayer, Noaa-Unh Joint Hydrographic Center (Jhc/Ccom)

Progress Reports

Report Period: 01/01/2001 – 07/01/2001

Production Of Cell Wall Enzymes In Pepper Seedlings, Inoculated With Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Glomus Etunicatum, A C Odebode, A O Salami, O Osunubi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Pepper seedlings inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal AM fungus, Glomus etunicatum, produced cellulase, polygal-acturonase and pectin methylestrase enzymes. The activities of the enzymes increased as the pepper seedlings matured in age, showing that the activity of the enzymes in the seedlings was age mediated. The pectinases showed higher activity than the cellulase enzyme which may indicate establishment of the mycorrhizal in the host. The significance of this finding is that there is an initial infectivity factor in (AM) fungi interactions with plant just like in other host-parasite interaction.

Heavy Metals In Green Vegetables And Soils From Vegetable Gardens In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, O C Othman

Tanzania Journal of Science

Edible portions of five varieties of green vegetables, namely amaranth, chinese cabbage, cowpea leaves, leafy cabbage and pumpkin leaves, collected from several areas in Dar es Salaam, were analyzed for lead, cadmium, chromium, zinc, nickel and copper. Except for zinc, the levels of heavy metals in the vegetables grown at Tabata area were much higher than in the vegetables from Ukonga and Kiwalani. Amaranth and pumpkin leaves had more than 60% higher content of heavy metals, especially copper, chromium and lead, than the other vegetables. All vegetables from Tabata, Buguruni and Sinza had lead-levels higher then the FAO/WHO recommended permissible …

Physicochemical Characteristics Of Some Locally Manufactured Edible Vegetable Oils Marketed In Dar Es Salaam, F N Ngassapa, O C Othman

Tanzania Journal of Science

The physicochemical properties (refractive index, saponification value, Free Fatty Acid (FFA) value, iodine value, acid value, peroxide value and tocopherol content) of seven edible vegetable oils manufactured in Tanzania, were assessed using standard procedures of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Also determined were the levels of these properties with respect to shelf storage of the products. When compared with standard values recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission of FAO/WHO and with other published results, the locally produced vegetable oils were found to be of fair quality but of poor storage stability.

Occurrence And Activity Budget Of The Leopard Tortoise, Geochelone Pardalis, In Northern Tanzania, J Kabigumila

Tanzania Journal of Science

Occurrence and activity budget of the leopard tortoise, Geochelone pardalis were studied in northern Tanzania between October 1993 and June 1996. Tortoises occurred most frequently in short grass (51.5%) and along roads and track verges (33.9%), but only occasionally in the bush undergrowth (6.7%) and shambas (3.6%). Walking (46.3%) and feeding (37.2%) were the most frequent activities. Resting was observed only occasionally (13.6%) while courtship (1.9%) and drinking (0.9%) were rarely recorded. Activity budget differed significantly between the age classes and habitats, but not between the sexes. Juveniles walked more frequently (59.3%) than other age classes. Walking was most frequent …

Test Of The Additive-Dominance Model Of Grain Weight And Grain Uniformity Of Oat, Avena Sativa L, Genotypes, Sowm Reuben

Tanzania Journal of Science

An investigation of the genetic mechanisms controlling grain weights for the primary and secondary grains uniformity expressed in primary: secondary individual grain weight (P: S IGW) ratio and % tertiary grains produced was conducted using a backcross experiment'. Two oat, parental genotypes, I.L82-1657 (pistillate) and 10589 Cn (staminate) with different grain weight characteristics were hybridized to obtain 6 backcross generations viz. P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2. The scaling test indicated that overall average, primary and secondary individual grain weights and % tertiary grain weight produced failed to satisfy the additive - dominance model and digenic interactions were detected …

Reproductive Constraints And The Evolution Of Life Histories With Indeterminate Growth, Eric Charnov, Thomas Turner, Kirk Winemiller

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

This article develops a new evolutionary model for life histories by combining a new production-growth model with some general, yet specific, constraints on reproductive allocation, and by allowing natural selection to adjust the age of first breeding and the metabolic/productive capacity of cells. The optimal life histories correctly predict the numeric value of dimensionless numbers that combine maturation age (size), mortality, and reproductive allocation. The life-history prediction also yields a new lifetime growth model for body mass under indeterminate growth and predicts that the fastest growth rate will be near the size at first reproduction. Table 1 is a glossary …

The Murray Ledger And Times, July 30, 2001, The Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

July 30, 2001 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Daily Eastern News: July 30, 2001, Eastern Illinois University

July

No abstract provided.

Modeling Vegetative Buffer Performance Considering Topographic Data Accuracy, Jason M. Brothers, Dean E. Eisenhauer, Matthew J. Helmers, Mike Dosskey, Thomas G. Franti

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Riparian buffers are a promising tool in efforts to reduce sediment contribution to streams. Models that predict the capacity of buffers to trap sediment have recently been developed. A number of parameters that are required to conduct such modeling efforts are derived from the topography of the site. In this study, three topographic data sources were used to generate the model input for an agricultural field with a riparian buffer. The runoff and sediment transport in the system was then simulated for three years. As a result, the area that contributed runoff and sediment to the buffer was substantially different …

Deafdigest Blue: Vol. 5, No. 52 July 29, 2001, Barry Strassler

DeafDigest Blue 2001

No abstract provided.

43rd Rocky Mountain Conference On Analytical Chemistry

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 43rd annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Analytical Chemistry, co-sponsored by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, July 29 - August 2, 2001.

2001 Summer Commencement, Harding University

Commencement Programs

Program for the Commencement on July 28.

Commencement Speaker: Daryl Bassett

Linda Grace Hoyer Updike: Woman, Author, And Mother, Leslie Hoffman

Library Summer Fellows

Linda Grace Hoyer was a brilliant individual. She graduated from Ursinus College at the age of nineteen, received a master's from Cornell University, and after many years of diligent work, published two novels and a myriad of short stories. She lived an unusual life: reflective, feminine in her thought processes, but nevertheless somewhat stubborn in a time when women were meant to fill a subordinate role. I have found through my research that Hoyer's brilliance did not lie in her intellect and writing alone. In fact, as demonstrated by her literature's autobiographical nature, her brilliance as a writer seemed to …

Volume 38, Number 42: July 27, 2001, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

The Experience Of Alcohol Use In Adolescence: A Hermeneutic Study, Stacy O. Swenson

Theses and Graduate Projects

Alcohol use among adolescents has been a long-standing problem in the United States. This study was undertaken to gain a better understanding of what the experience of using alcohol as a teenager is like. For this hermeneutic study, three participants took part in an in-depth interview that focused on their experiences with alcohol. The main theme that emerged from the experiences was Maturing. This theme and two subthemes, Peer Influence and Risk Taking, were examined for deeper meaning. These findings suggest that professionals working with adolescents can further help their clients by keeping the door open for discussion of …