Digital Commons Network^™

Implementation Of Zurich’S Transit Priority Program, Mti Report 01-13, Andrew Butler Nash

Mineta Transportation Institute

The objective of this research was to describe transit priority techniques in Zürich and understand how the city implemented its program. Most transit priority improvements are relatively simple and inexpensive; however, they have proved to be difficult to implement and sustain. The research effort consisted of a case study with interviews and surveys. We interviewed many persons associated with the development and implementation of Zürich’s transit priority program. A survey to evaluate support of transportation decision-makers in Santa Clara County, California, illustrated transit improvements in a typical U.S. city. The data was compared to a similar survey in Zürich. The …

Using Fiber Networks To Stimulate Transit-Oriented Development: Prospects Barrier And Best Practices, Mti Report 01-16, Walter Siembab

Mineta Transportation Institute

This study empirically examines a practical aspect of a relationship that is only now being conceptualized––the relationship between rail transit, land development, and telecommunications. It pushes the envelope of knowledge in so far as the interaction between just two of the factors, public transportation and land use (urban form), has been a focus of policy research for only about 30 years, especially the last 10 years. This study is concerned with the feasibility of introducing three telecommunications-based incentives for transit-oriented development. The market for these hypothetical incentives is the developers of transit-oriented projects. California’s Bay Area/Santa Clara Valley and Los …

Terrorism Overview, Mti Report 01-14, Brian M. Jenkins

Mineta Transportation Institute

Recent global events make it clear that the threat of terrorism is one to be taken seriously. For those who are attempting to kill in quantity and kill indiscriminately, surface transportation offers the ideal target. Because of the public nature of mass transit, there is often little security with no checkpoints as is the case with airports. The practice of terrorism has moved in varying directions in recent years, depending upon different forms of transportation systems and venues of operation. On the positive side, terrorist attacks on commercial aviation have declined significantly after reaching a high point in the 1970s, …

Effect Of Online Shopping On Vehicular Traffic, Mti Report 01-20, Joseph Giglierano

Mineta Transportation Institute

The purpose of this research was to assess and project the effects of online shopping on vehicular traffic. It was anticipated that as more people purchased goods and services online. short-distance traffic would be reduced. The method of study was personal interviews following a literature review of this subject. Efforts were focused on consumers’ shopping behaviors and the resulting effects on short-distance traffic. Survey data were combined with forecasts of online shopping volume from eMarketer, and estimates of total trip savings were made for the years 2000 and 2004. The results were not encouraging. We estimated that online shopping reduced …

Fine Root Dynamics In Atlantic White Cedar (Chamaecyparis Thyoides) Wetlands: Patterns Of Ecosystem Development In Natural And Restoration Settings, Harvey Leroy Rodgers

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

This work addresses seasonal and successional factors of root dynamics in natural and restoration Atlantic white cedar (AWC) wetlands. Using minirhizotrons, fine root dynamics in a chronosequence of naturally-regenerating and restoration AWC wetlands were measured to compare ecosystem development trends with restoration conditions. A second study was conducted to compare fine root dynamics in AWC wetlands with contrasting hydroperiods. In addition, a technical study was conducted to determine the feasibility of estimating root biomass with indirect minirhizotron measurements.

Root biomass estimates using minirhizotrons were significantly higher in naturally regenerating AWC wetlands and significantly lower in the restoration site relative to …

Human Research Participant Protections: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Two Key Documents, Lisa R. Ballance

English Theses & Dissertations

This case study explores the historical progress of written policy in the field of human research participant protections, leading up to the recent case of several influential suspensions of clinical research at several prestigious academic medical institutions. The IRB process is discussed, including the importance of documentation in the process of managing the board, and the case of suspension at Virginia Commonwealth University is reviewed with attention paid to the drafting of two key documents written for the purpose of reinstating the human subject research charter; (I) the Corrective Action Plan and (2) the Written Policies and Procedures. Each document …

A Phenomenological Case For The Family Farmer As An Environmental Steward, Jim Hanson

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

This phenomenological analysis concludes that the American family farmer is a steward of the environment in a way that the corporate farmer is not. As a study of consciousness, phenomenology recognizes that family farmers have more sensitive and less selective experience because of living in the farm environment. It draws from the first-hand accounts articulated by family farmers-accounts that reflect their firsthand and direct experiences of the farm environment. Although considered to be irrelevant by many scientists and statisticians, phenomenological accounts of direct experience are important starting points for the scientific study of farmers and their knowledge of environmental problems.

The New Unwritten Constitution, Jed Rubenfeld

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Why Talking About “States’ Rights” Cannot Avoid The Need For Normative Federalism Analysis: A Response To Professors Baker And Young, Ann Althouse

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Review Of The Five Crows Ledger: Biographic Warrior Art Of The Flathead Indians By James D. Keyser, Candace Greene

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Publication of the Five Crows Ledger brings to light a new source of information for examining the complex and shifting boundaries of Plains Indian culture in the nineteenth century. This set of thirteen drawings clearly demonstrates that the Flathead, usually categorized as a Plateau people, participated heavily in the Plains war practice of counting coup and validating their personal exploits with lasting visual records.

These drawings, now in the collection of the Jesuit Missouri Province Archives in St. Louis, were collected by Fr. Pierre-Jean De Smet in western Montana in the early 1840s. De Smet's annotations provide a rich body …

Review Of The Texas Sheriff; Lord Of The County Line By Thad Sitton, Nail Sapper

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

Thad Sitton's The Texas Sheriff, an anecdotal collage of reminiscences about local law enforcement in Texas in the first half of the twentieth century, is based upon extensive interviews with more than thirty retired Texas county sheriffs as well as articles from the Sheriffs' Association of Texas Magazine and the Texas Lawman. Sitton also draws upon memoirs and newspaper columns written by former Texas county sheriffs and reportage in the popular press.

Unfortunately for this book, Texas is a large state with 254 counties. The Texas Sheriff focuses on only a few counties with colorful or communicative sheriffs. In …

Winter Severity And Wolf Predation On A Formerly Wolf-Free Elk Herd, L. David Mech, Douglas W. Smith, Kerry M. Murphy, Daniel R. Macnulty

United States Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center: Publications

We studied wolf (Canis lupus) predation on elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park from 17 March to 15 April 1997 (severe winter conditions) and from 2 to 31 March 1998 (mild winter conditions) 2-3 years after wolves were reintroduced to the park. Elk composed 91% of 117 kills. Data comparisons for 1997 versus 1998 were: hunting success rate, 26% versus 15%; kill rate, 17.1 kg/wolf/day versus 6.1; percent of kill consumed in first day, 7 versus 86; percent femur marrow fat of adult kills, 27 versus 70; calf:adult ratios of kills, 2:33 versus 17:23; sex …

Effects Of Trapping And Subsequent Short-Term Confinement Stress On Plasma Corticosterone In The Brown Treesnake (Boiga Irregularis) On Guam, Tom Mathies, Todd A. Felix, Valentine A. Lance

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The effects of capture in a live trap and subsequent handling stress on plasma concentrations of corticosterone and other sex steroids were examined in wild male and female brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis), an introduced species on Guam that has been implicated in the extirpation or decline of many of that island's vertebrate species. Males and females that spent 1 night in a trap had plasma levels of corticosterone about four and two times higher, respectively, than those of the respective free-ranging controls. Mean plasma levels of corticosterone of snakes that had spent 3 nights in a trap were …

In Hell There Will Be Lawyers Without Clients Or Law, Susan P. Koniak, George M. Cohen

Faculty Scholarship

More than twenty years ago, moral philosopher Richard Wasserstrom framed the debate in legal ethics by asking two questions. Does the lawyer's duty to zealously represent the client, constrained only by the bounds of the law, render the lawyer "at best systematically amoral and at worst more than occasionally immoral in ... her dealings with the rest of mankind[?]" And is the lawyer's relationship with the client likewise morally tainted in that it generally entails domination by the lawyer over the client rather than mutual respect? Wasserstrom answered both questions affirmatively. Though these questions have preoccupied legal ethics scholars ever …

Section 1983'S And Laws Clause Run Amok: Civil Rights Attorney's Fees In Cellular Facilities Siting Disputes, Clive B. Jacques, Jack M. Beermann

Faculty Scholarship

In this article, we argue that enforcing the TCA against state and local zoning authorities raises serious legal concerns, especially if such enforcement is via a § 1983 "and laws" action. In particular, we argue that courts should not award attorney's fees under § 1988 to providers who prevail in claims alleging violation of TCA section 704. First, we argue that this is not an appropriate "and laws" claim because the TCA's cell siting provisions, in the main, do not create rights that are enforceable via § 1983 action. Further, in our view Congress did not intend that providers be …

Exploring The Emergent Identities Of Future Physicians: Toward An Understanding Of The Ideological Socialization Of Osteopathic Medical Students, Lynn M. Harter, Kathleen J. Krone

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

This project brings contextual factors to the forefront of socialization research by investigating how medical ideology relates to the formation of the identities of students of osteopathic medicine. In particular, we investigate their attitudes toward, the role of communication in, and the expression of emotion in health care delivery. Through in-depth interviews with students about their vocational development experiences, we began exploring their emergent identities as future practitioners of osteopathic medicine. Three themes emerged from a constant comparative analysis of data, including (a) selecting osteopathic medicine, (b) encountering osteopathy, and (c) students’ emergent identities. These themes, and their respective subthemes, …

Circle Of Willis In Adults, Saleh M. Al-Hussain, Ali M. Shoter, Ziad M. Bataina

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to describe the main variations of the Circle of Willis and to clarify the clinical importance of these variations, so that practitioners and the students are more alert when dealing with this subject. METHODS: This work is based on the study of 50 Circles of Willis from adult Jordanians who died from diverse causes without signs of cerebrovascular diseases. The arteries of these circles are drawn and measured with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope provided with a drawing tube. RESULTS: Fourteen types of Willis polygonals have been identified among which 13 would be …

A Patient With Hypoxemia And A Normal Chest Radiograph, Abdullah F. Al-Mobeireek, Mohamed A. Babatin

Saudi Medical Journal

The case of a young patient with hypoxemia and a normal chest radiograph is presented in the form of a clinical quiz, followed by a discussion of the differential diagnosis, investigative methods and a brief review of the final diagnosis.

Rit Dividends Fall 2001

RIT Digital Archives

No abstract provided.

The Constitution In Exile: Is It Time To Bring It In From The Cold?, William W. Van Alstyne

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Narratives Of Federalism: Of Continuities And Comparative Constitutional Experience, Vicki C. Jackson

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Congress As Culprit: How Lawmakers Spurred On The Court’S Anti-Congress Crusade, Neal Devins

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Tripping On The Threshold: Federal Courts’ Failure To Observe Controlling State Law Under The Federal Arbitration Act, Charles Davant Iv

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Federalism And The Double Standard Of Judicial Review, Lynn A. Baker, Ernest A. Young

Duke Law Journal

From 1937 to 1995, federalism was part of a “Constitution in exile.” Except for the brief interlude of the National League of Cities doctrine2—which, like Napoleon’s ill-fated return from Elba, met with crushing defeat3—the post–New Deal Supreme Court has been almost completely unwilling to enforce constitutional limits on national power vis-à-vis the states. The reason, by all accounts, has much to do with federalism’s historic link to other aspects of our expatriate constitution—e.g., economic substantive due process, legislative nondelegation— which were banished for their collusion against the New Deal.

Causes Of The Recent Turn In Constitutional Interpretation, Christopher H. Schroeder

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Hip-Hop/Scotch: "Sounding Francophone" In French And United States Cultures, Francesca Sautman

Publications and Research

This essay adresses the relationship between "being/speaking Francophone" and forms of ethnic-cultural dissent in France and the U.S. In both countries, terms such as Francophone and Francophonie are often captured by specific political agendas and practicies. What it means to be "Francophone" involves complex interfacings between various langages, including English and French, between competing discursive claims made on the basis of linguistic home and the particular forms of cultural and linguistic hybridity, such as French hip-hop culture and world music.

Jointly Coordinating Ecn And Tcp For Rapid Adaptation To Varying Bandwidth, Archan Misra, Teunis Ott

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The introduction of service differentiation in the Internet implies that the residual bandwidth available to best-effort traffic becomes highly variable. We explore the design of a rapidly-reactive congestion control framework, where the ECN-aware best-effort flows aggressively go after any unused capacity. By making routers mark packets in a much more aggressive manner, we are able to achieve fast backoff in the network without resorting to the TCP's current drastic step of halving the congestion window. Simulations indicate that our ECN-mod protocol is better than ECN-NewReno in exploiting rapid variations in the available bandwidth. Moreover, the milder backoff policy of ECN-mod …

Mining Multi-Level Rules With Recurrent Items Using Fp'-Tree, Kok-Leong Ong, Wee-Keong Ng, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Association rule mining has received broad research in the academic and wide application in the real world. As a result, many variations exist and one such variant is the mining of multi-level rules. The mining of multi-level rules has proved to be useful in discovering important knowledge that conventional algorithms such as Apriori, SETM, DIC etc., miss. However, existing techniques for mining multi-level rules have failed to take into account the recurrence relationship that can occur in a transaction during the translation of an atomic item to a higher level representation. As a result, rules containing recurrent items go unnoticed. …

The Constitution In Exile: Is It Time To Bring It In From The Cold?, William W. Van Alstyne

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Disability, Equal Protection, And The Supreme Court: Standing At The Crossroads Of Progressive And Retrogressive Logic In Constitutional Classification, Anita Silvers, Michael Ashley Stein

Faculty Publications

This Article compares current disability jurisprudence with the development of sex equality jurisprudence in the area of discrimination. It demonstrates that current disability law resembles the abandoned, sexist framework for determining sex equality and argues that disability equality cases should receive similar analysis as the more progressive, current sex equality standard. As such, the Article attempts to synthesize case law (l4th Amendment Equal Protection jurisprudence) and statutory law (Title VII and the ADA) into a comprehensive overview of the state of current disability law viewed within the context of discrimination law in general.