Digital Commons Network^™

Market Hierarchy And Copyright In Our System Of Free Expression, Neil W. Netanel

Vanderbilt Law Review

If trends of the past two decades persist, a vast inequality of wealth may well become a fundamental, defining characteristic of political and social life in many Western democracies, particularly the United States.' Among its potentially pernicious effects, massive wealth disparity threatens the integrity of the democratic process. Liberal democracy aspires to political equality, which demands that opportunities to acquire and assert political power be widespread and broadly distributed. Political equality does not require economic equality. But political equality may be undermined by severe disparities of wealth. Absent preventive regulation, private wealth buys political power. It enables those with greater …

Cruel, Mean, Or Lavish? Economic Analysis, Price Discrimination And Digital Intellectual Property, James Boyle

Vanderbilt Law Review

It is not because of the few thousand francs which would have to be spent to put a roof over the third-class carriages or to upholster the third-class seats that some company or other has open carriages with wooden benches .... What the company is trying to do is to prevent the passengers who can pay the second-class fare from travelling third class; it hits the poor, not because it wants to hurt them, but to frighten the rich .... And it is again for the same reason that the companies, having proved almost cruel to third-class passengers and mean …

Analyze This: A Law And Economics Agenda For The Patent System, Rebecca S. Eisenberg

Vanderbilt Law Review

Patent law as a field of academic study has benefited enormously from the attention of economists. Indeed, law professors are relative newcomers to the academic patent field, trickling in behind the economists in small but growing numbers as patent law evolves from an arcane, practitioner-taught specialty to a less marginal role in law school curriculums.' Yet considering the prominence of economists in academic discourse about the patent system, they have had relatively little impact on patent law and policy. One reason for this disparity between the role of economists in the academy and in policy arenas may be the indeterminacy …

Lessons From Studying The International Economics Of Intellectual Property Rights, Keith E. Maskus

Vanderbilt Law Review

When the Uruguay Round negotiations began in 1986, the subject of intellectual property rights ("IPRs") was completely unfamiliar to international trade economists. Presumably the area was ignored because global trade policy concerns had not moved into questions of domestic business regulation. Even today, readers will search in vain for serious treatments of the trade implications of exclusive rights to intellectual property ("IP") in international economics textbooks.

Despite this general inattention, a small but growing literature has emerged in which trade economists have framed specific questions and applied theory and statistical analysis to them. This literature has advanced the understanding of …

The Pharmaceutical Industry And World Intellectual Property Standards, F. M. Scherer

Vanderbilt Law Review

When I was a high school student during the late 1940s, the first so-called "wonder drugs"-initially penicillin and then the broad-spectrum antibiotics such as tetracycline-were entering the U.S. market. From their profitable experience developing the broad- spectrum antibiotics, the leading pharmaceutical companies of America and Europe acquired a strong research orientation that led to a cascade of new therapeutic entities, including additional anti-infectives, vaccines, diuretics, and then other agents to reduce heart attack risks, tranquilizers, antidepressants, birth control pills, anti-fungal agents, immuno suppressants, corticosteroids, AIDS inhibitors, powerful pain relief agents, and many other agents effective against specific diseases. Thanks to …

Comment On "Lessons From Studying The International Economics Of Intellectual Property Rights", Paul Goldstein

Vanderbilt Law Review

Copyright is the "dog that didn't bark" in Keith Maskus's paper, "Lessons from Studying the International Economics of Intellectual Property Rights." Like virtually every other economic study of intellectual property and trade, the Maskus paper confines its examples and analysis to the industrial side of intellectual property-mainly patents and know-how-and leaves the authorial side-copyright-untouched. As a small step toward repairing this imbalance, and toward opening a corner of policy inquiry that has so far been largely unexamined, I would like here to make a few observations on copyright and trade in developing economies.

The regular omission of copyright from economic …

Shaping Competition On The Internet: Who Owns Product And Pricing Information?, Maureen A. O'Rourke

Vanderbilt Law Review

Historically, markets have almost always fallen short of satisfying the conditions for and providing consumers with the benefits of perfect competition. Certain characteristics of electronic markets, however, enhance the possibility that e-commerce will be conducted in an environment that comes closer to attaining the perfectly competitive ideal than that of most conventional markets. Essentially, technology analogous to that which users already employ to search the Internet can also enable this retailing revolution by allowing consumers easily to obtain comparative product and pricing information. However, for a number of reasons, on-line merchants (e-tailers), are asserting a variety of legal claims that, …

The Ftc As Internet Privacy Norm Entrepreneur, Steven Hetcher

Vanderbilt Law Review

This symposium explores the economic approach to intellectual property law. This Article concerns a particular type of intellectual good-personal data. Personal data is an increasingly important topic because of its connection to the issue of Internet privacy, which has recently taken center stage in the public policy arena.

Boiled down to its core, the Internet privacy debate is a debate about who should control personal data-Internet users (data subjects) or websites. The scope of website data collection practices is expanding dramatically, due in large part to technological advances such as cookies, Web-crawlers, and Web-cams. If Internet users are unable to …

An Unhurried View Of Private Ordering In Information Transactions, Yochai Benkler

Vanderbilt Law Review

We stand at an unprecedented moment in the history of exclusive private rights in information ("EPRIs").' Technology has made it possible, it seems, to eliminate to a large extent one aspect of what makes information a public good-its nonexcludability. A series of laws-most explicitly the Digital Millennium Copyright Act ("DMCA") and the Uniform Computers Information Transactions Act ("UCITA")-are building on new technologies for controlling individual uses of information goods to facilitate a perfect enclosure of the information environment.

The purpose of this Essay is to explain why economic justifications interposed in favor of this aspect of the enclosure movement are, …

Who's Patenting What? An Empirical Exploration Of Patent Prosecution, John R. Allison, Mark A. Lemley

Vanderbilt Law Review

Patents are big business. Individuals and companies are obtaining far more patents today than ever before. Some simple calculations make it clear that companies are spending over $5 billion a year obtaining patents in the U.S.- to say nothing of the costs of obtaining patents elsewhere, and of licensing and enforcing the patents. There are a number of reasons why patenting is on the rise; primary among them are a booming economy and a shift away from manufacturing and capital-intensive industries towards companies with primarily intellectual assets. But whatever the reason, it is evident that many companies consider patents important. …

Patent Policy Innovations: A Clinical Examination, Josh Lerner

Vanderbilt Law Review

On the domestic front, the dispute has centered on the question of whether the United States should honor commitments made in bi- lateral agreements with Japan to remove idiosyncratic features of its patent system. In particular, legislation to require the publication of pending patent applications and to grant awards to the party that is first to file for an award (as are the practices in most nations) have been fiercely debated in the past few congressional sessions. In the developing nations, the requirements for minimal levels of patent protection in the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariff and …

System Level Microwave Design: Radar-Based Laboratory Projects, Michael A. Jensen, David V. Arnold, Donald E. Crockett

Faculty Publications

Two laboratory projects-a Doppler radar and a synthetic aperture radar (SAR)-designed to augment traditional electromagnetics education are proposed. The projects introduce students to component and system level design and expose them to modern computer-aided design (CAD) tools, microstrip and surface mount fabrication technologies, and industry standard test equipment and procedures. Additionally, because the projects result in a working radar system, students gain new enthusiasm for the electromagnetics discipline and directly see its relevance in the engineering field. Implementation of these laboratories within the curriculum have proven to be highly motivational and educational and have even contributed to increased enrolments in …

Extensible Mpeg-4 Textual Format (Xmt), Michelle Kim, Steve Wood, Lai-Tee Cheok

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper describes the Extensible MPEG-4 Textual format (XMT), a framework for representing MPEG-4 scene description using a textual syntax. The XMT allows the content authors to exchange their content with other authors, tools or service providers, and facilitates interoperability with both the X3D, developed by the Web3D consortium, and the Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SM1L) from the W3C consortium.

Mustang Daily, October 31, 2000

Cal Poly Student Newspaper

Student newspaper of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA.

The Bates Student - Volume 130 Number 07 - October 31, 2000, Bates College

The Bates Student

No abstract provided.

Innovator, 2000-10-31, Student Services

Innovator

The Innovator was a student newspaper published at Governors State University between March 1972 and October 2000. The newspaper featured student reporting, opinions, news, photos, poetry, and original graphics.

Information Retrieval And Mining In High Dimensional Databases, Xiong Wang

Dissertations

This dissertation is composed of two parts. In the first part, we present a framework for finding information (more precisely, active patterns) in three dimensional (3D) graphs. Each node in a graph is an undecoraposable or atomic unit and has a label. Edges are links between the atomic units. Patterns are rigid substructures that may occur in a graph after allowing for an arbitrary number of whole-structure rotations and translations as well as a small number (specified by the user) of edit operations in the patterns or in the graph. (When a pattern appears in a graph only after the …

Robert Marshall's Wilderness "Ideology", Philip Terrie

ICS Fellow Lectures

No abstract provided.

The Chanticleer, 2000-10-31, Coastal Carolina University

The Chanticleer Student Newspaper

The editorially independent student produced weekly newspaper of Coastal Carolina University.

Spartan Daily, October 31, 2000, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 115, Issue 43

10/31/2000 Obituary Records, Hawaii Obituaries

Obituaries

List of Obituaries for individuals who passed away on 10/31/2000. Scroll down to see the names and obituary description.

Gould Inc V. A&M Battery

2000 Decisions

USDC for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Robert Marshall's Wilderness "Ideology", Philip Terrie

ICS Fellow Lectures

Robert Marshall was one of the most important of early twentieth-century American conservationists. He was a founder of the wilderness Society, a committed progressive, and, as an employee of both the Forest Service and the Department of the Interior, a major designer of federal land policy. Using the case of Robert Marshall, Professor Terrie explores the connections between progressive politics and the emergence of a wilderness ideology in the American Environmental movement. The combination of Marshall's progressive politic and his commitment to wilderness provide a significant counter argument to recent theorizing among some environmental historians to the effect that the …

Meeting Minutes, Wku Council Of Academic Deans

Council of Academic Deans

Meeting regarding enrollment, summer school, awards, four-year graduation, leadership studies, faculty workload, information technology and budget.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 76, No. 19, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Warren, Brandy. $80 Fee Increase Passes – Regents, Athletics Fee
• Moore, Brian. Ohio Valley Conference Champions – Football
• Lynch, Caroline. University Settles Three Harassment Lawsuits – Jessica Allen, Janet Short, Tammy Collins, Wayne Jones
• Dawes, Jennifer. Hell House Draws Protesters, Large Crowd – Diversity Coalition, Green Party, Demonstrations, Victory Hill Ministries
• Hall, Rex. Gated Lots Damaged After Tops’ Victory – Parking & Traffic Services, Vandalism
• Fee Hike Shows Regents Don’t Care – Athletics Fee
• Grady, Brian. Editorial Cartoon WKU Athletics Trick or Treating for Cash
• Lanter, Charlie. Student Government …

10/31/2000 - Eiu Event Highlights November 2000, University Marketing And Communications

2000

No abstract provided.

Department Of Music, Pittsburg State University

Recital Booklets

Tuesday Afternoon Recital featuring music by Mendelssohn, Curnow, Vivaldi, Telemann, Lamater, Handel, Holborne, and Bach at McCray Recital Hall at 1:00 P.M.

Control Of High-Harmonic Generation And Laser-Assisted X-Ray-Atom Scattering With Static Electric And Magnetic Fields, D. B. Milošević, Anthony F. Starace

Anthony F. Starace Publications

We consider the use of strong static fields to control two related atomic processes: laser-assisted x-ray-atom scattering (XAS) and high-harmonic generation (HHG). We first analyze the laser field intensity dependence of the differential cross section (DCS) plateau structures for the laser-assisted XAS process in the presence of a static electric field as a function of the number of photons exchanged with the laser field. Besides the recently discovered (Milošević, D.B. and Starace, A.F., 1998, Phys. Rev. Lett., 81, 5097) extended plateau for absorbed photons, which indicates a substantial increase of the scattered x-ray energies, a new plateau, having many …

Interview With Anita Leaning, Elena Rue, Anita Leaning

Interviews

Anita Leaning discusses bison farming.

Interview With Professor Mary Suydam, Jenny Lawton, Mary Suydam

Interviews

Professor Mary Suydam discusses shopping for food in Mount Vernon and Gambier. Jenny Lawton discusses interview process.