Digital Commons Network^™

Selecting A Global Optimization Method To Estimate The Oceanic Particle Cycling Rate Constants, Véronique Athias, Pierre Mazzega, Catherine Jeandel

Journal of Marine Research

The objective is to select an inverse method to estimate the parameters of a dynamical model of the oceanic particle cycling from in situ data. Estimating the parameters of a dynamical model is a nonlinear inverse problem, even in the case of linear dynamics. Generally, biogeochemical models are characterized by complex nonlinear dynamics and by a high sensitivity to their parameters. This makes the parameter estimation problem strongly nonlinear. We show that an approach based on a linearization around an a priori solution and on a gradient descent method is not appropriate given the complexity of the related cost functions …

Feeding Selectivity And Rapid Particle Processing By Deep-Sea Megafaunal Deposit Feeders: A 234th Tracer Approach, Robert J. Miller, Craig R. Smith, David J. Demaster, William L. Fornes

Journal of Marine Research

Deposit-feeding megafauna occur in virtually all deep-sea environments, yet their feeding selectivity and particle processing rates are poorly known. Excess 234Th activity is commonly used asa geochemical tracer for recently settled (, 100-d old) particles in the quiescent deep sea, but it has rarely been applied to the study of deposit feeders. To explore the selectivity and rates of megafaunal deposit feeding, we compared excess 234Th activities in the gut contents of deposit feeders from Santa Catalina Basin (SCB) (~ 1200 m depth) and the Hawaiian slope (~ 1680 m) to the activity of surface sediments and, in SCB, to …

Detection Of Bay Of Bengal Eddies From Topex And In Situ Observations, A. K. S. Gopalan, V. V. Gopala Krishna, M. M. Ali, Rashmi Sharma

Journal of Marine Research

Oceanic eddies have warm or cold temperatures and high or low sea surface height (SSH) at the center depending upon the direction of rotation. However, since the Bay of Bengal waters are highly stratified, sea surface temperature (SST) gradients may not be detectable even though the subsurface temperature sections and the SSH show prominent eddy signatures. In this investigation, SSH observations from TOPEX altimeter data and the expendable bathy thermograph (XBT) temperature sections along the Madras-Andamans track have been analyzed to study the Bay of Bengal eddies. Several cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies are identified from the TOPEX altimeter observations. These …

Eastward Surface Jets In The Central Equatorial Pacific, November 1991–March 1992, D. E. Harrison, G. A. Vecchi, R. H. Weisberg

Journal of Marine Research

The central equatorial Pacific typically has westward surface and near-surface flow, interrupted by periods of eastward flow. The processes that may have been responsible for two periods of eastward flow during the 1991-92 El Niño between October 1991 and March 1992 are explored here, based on realistic hindcasts from a high-vertical resolution ocean general circulation model. The model balances indicate that the November-December 1991 surface trapped jet is fully nonlinear, and both wind stress and horizontal pressure gradient forcing are significant. The January-February 1992 jet is less strongly nonlinear. Both jets are strongly affected by local and remote westerly wind …

Spatial Variations In Nutrient Utilization, Production And Diagenesis In The Sediments Of A Coastal Upwelling Regime (Nw Africa): Implications For The Paleoceanographic Record, Philippe Martinez, Philippe Bertrand, Stephen E. Calvert, Thomas F. Pedersen, Graham B. Shimmield, Elisabeth Lallier-Vergès, Michel R. Fontugne

Journal of Marine Research

A biogeochemical study of recent (multicores) sediments of the northwest African slope was undertaken to understand how the sediment composition varies with respect to the location of core sites relative to the centers of coastal upwelling, and how this has affected the palaeoceanographic record. Sedimentary organic carbon contents are inversely correlated with the nitrogen isotopic composition (δ15N), high C_organic concentrations and low δ15N occurring at proximal (shallow) sites and the opposite at distal (deep) ones. These spatial differences are interpreted to result from higher relative nutrient utilization and a decrease in production as waters are advected offshore from the …

Relative Dispersion In The Subsurface North Atlantic, J. H. Lacasce, A. Bower

Journal of Marine Research

Pair statistics are calculated for subsurface floats in the North Atlantic. The relative diffusivity (the derivative of the mean square particle separation) is approximately constant at large scales in both eastern and western basins, though the implied scale of the energy-containing eddies is greater in the west. But the behavior at times soon after pair deployment is quite different in the two basins; in the west the diffusivity grows approximately as distance to the 4/3 power, consistent with an inverse turbulent cascade of energy (or possibly of mixing superimposed on a mean shear), but in the east the diffusivity grows …

Buoyancy-Forced Circulations Around Islands And Ridges, Michael A. Spall

Journal of Marine Research

Observations, theory, and modeling studies indicate that dominant components of both the upwelling and downwelling limbs of the thermohaline circulation take place near boundaries and in regions of steep and/or rough topography. Analytic and numerical results are used here to show that the interaction of upwelling regions with lateral boundaries fundamentally alters the resulting large-scale circulation compared to cases of open ocean upwelling. For narrow upwelling regions, viscous fluxes emerge as a leading term in the potential vorticity budget. The strong horizontal recirculation gyres that are found for sub-basin-scale open ocean upwelling (β-plumes) are replaced by weak, unidirectional flow into …

Islands As Eddy Splitters, Harper Lightfoot Simmons, Doron Nof

Journal of Marine Research

Previous theoretical work has shown that, in an unbounded domain, anticyclones are prohibited from splitting on their own due to limitations imposed by the conservation of angular momentum. By explicitly considering the role of angular momentum exchange between eddies and boundaries (neglected by previous theories), splitting criteria for an anticyclonic lens colliding with a long and thin island are established analytically. The inviscid analytical model consists of an isolated patch of fluid in a reduced gravity regime. Nonlinear analytical solutions are constructed by connecting the initial and final states using conserved quantities (integrated angular momentum, vorticity and mass) and the …

Circulation At The Western Boundary Of The South And Equatorial Atlantic: Exchanges With The Ocean Interior, Nicolas Wienders, Michel Arhan, Herlé Mercier

Journal of Marine Research

Data from a hydrographic section carried out in January-March 1994 offshore from the eastern coast of South America from 50S to 10N, are used to quantify the full-depth exchanges of water between the western boundary currents and the ocean interior. In the upper and intermediate layers, the westward transport associated with the southern branch of the South Equatorial Current was 49 Sv at the time of the cruise. The transports of the central and northern branches in the upper 200 m were 17 Sv and 12 Sv, respectively. After subtraction of the parts that recirculate in the subtropical, subequatorial, and …

Validation Of A Whole Blood Serology Test For Diagnosing Helicobacter Pylori In Chinese Patients, Matthew S. Falk

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Jackrabbit Women's Basketball 2000-2001 Media Guide, South Dakota State University

Jackrabbit Women's Basketball Media Guides (1998-2014)

This is the South Dakota State University Jackrabbit Women's Basketball Media Guide for the 2000-2001 season.

Arboretum Annual Report, 2000, Connecticut College

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Physiological Effects Of Chronic Copper Exposure To Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) In Hard And Soft Water: Evaluation Of Chronic Indicators, Lisa N. Taylor, James C. Mcgeer, Chris M. Wood, D. Gordon Mcdonald

Biology Faculty Publications

Effects of chronic copper exposure on a suite of indicators were examined: acute toxicity, acclimation, growth, sprint performance, whole-body electrolytes, tissue residues, and gill copper binding characteristics. Juvenile rainbow trout were exposed for 30 d to waterborne copper in hard water (hardness = 120 μg/L as CaCO₃, pH = 8.0, Cu = 20 and 60 μg/L) and soft water (hardness = 20 μg/L as CaCO₃, pH = 7.2, Cu = 1 and 2 μg/L). Significant acclimation to the metal occurred only in fish exposed to 60 mg/L, as seen by an approx. twofold increase in 96-h …

Dordt College 2000-2001 Catalog, Dordt College. Registrar's Office

Academic Catalogs

Academic Catalog for 2000-01

Nursing Voice, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Nursing Voice

No abstract provided.

Meeting The Challenge: A Strategic Plan For Boise State University 2000-2005, Office Of The Provost

Office of the Provost

No abstract provided.

Boise State University 2000-2001: Undergraduate Catalog, Boise State University

University Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Graduate Catalog Boise State University: 2000-2001, Boise State University

University Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Vine 2000, Taylor University Fort Wayne

Yearbooks (TUFW & Predecessors)

The 2000 yearbook of Taylor University Fort Wayne in Fort Wayne, Indiana.

Dedicated to Dr. Jay Kessler.

Development Of Exponential-Fitted Numerical Methods For Building Energy Simulation, Michael Crowley, Saleem Hashmi

Conference papers

Simulation of energy flows in buildings is computationally intensive. Consequently, improvements in computing power and algorithm efficiency can always be utilized. Commonly used implicit solvers require extensive matrix processing while standard explicit methods have limited stability and progress in very small time increments. In this work, a number of stable numerical methods are examined which are explicit in nature and therefore do not require the use of matrices. One such algorithm and two proposed developments of it are assessed using a building related test problem prepared for this purpose, and their performances are compared with that of an efficient implicit …

Development Of A High Throughput, Molecular Diagnostic Assay For Predicting Telomerase Activity In Breast Cancer Cell Lines And Tissues, L. Elmore, A. Akalin, L. Gollahon, G. Clarke, M. Grimes, A. Ferreira-Gonzalez, C. Garrett, S. Holt

Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center Publications

Telomerase is a cellular enzyme that helps to provide genomic stability in tumor cells by maintaining the integrity of telomeres. Telomerase is an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase that contains a protein component (hTERT) and an associated RNA (hTR), which is used as a template for telomere repeat addition. Telomerase activity, while not detectable in most normal human somatic cells, is associated with approximately 85% of malignant human cancers overall, including over 90% of breast cancers.

We have optimized a novel, quantitative, high-throughput telomerase activity assay using fluorescently labelled primers and Real Time quantitation via the ABI Prism 7700 (a.k.a., the TaqMan). …

Chair Correspondence January-June 1999, June 2000, Bowling Green State University. Administrative Staff Council

Administrative Staff Council

The records of the Administrative Staff Council (UA-022) are available in print in the Center for Archival Collections.

James Wentzel Cv, James Wentzel

Blood Evidence and DNA

No abstract provided.

Arguing About Consensus: Examining The Case Against Western Watershed Initiatives And Other Collaborative Groups Active In Natural Resources Management, Douglas S. Kenney, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Books, Reports, and Studies

x, 72 leaves

The Decreased Replicative Capacity Of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Sivmac239Δnef Is Manifest In Cultures Of Immature Dendritic Cells And T Cells, Davorka Messmer, Ralf Ignatius, Christine Santisteban

Publications

Transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239Δnef (Δnef) to macaques results in attenuated replication of the virus in most animals and ultimately induces protection against challenge with some pathogenic, wild- type SIV strains. It has been difficult, however, to identify a culture system in which the replication of Δnef is severely reduced relative to that of the wild type. We have utilized a primary culture system consisting of blood-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and autologous T cells. When the DCs were fully differentiated or mature, the DC-CD4⁺ T-cell mixtures supported replication of both the parental SIV strain, 239 (the wild type), …

The Formation Of Immunogenic Major Histocompatibility Complex Class Ii-Peptide Ligands In Lysosomal Compartments Of Dendritic Cells Is Regulated By Inflammatory Stimuli, Kayo Inaba, Shannon J. Turley, Tomonori Iyoda

Publications

During their final differentiation or maturation, dendritic cells (DCs) redistribute their major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II products from intracellular compartments to the plasma membrane. Using cells arrested in the immature state, we now find that DCs also regulate the initial intracellular formation of immunogenic MHC class II-peptide complexes. Immature DCs internalize the protein antigen, hen egg lysozyme (HEL), into late endosomes and lysosomes rich in MHC class II molecules. There, despite extensive colocalization of HEL protein and MHC class II products, MHC class II-peptide complexes do not form unless the DCs are exposed to inflammatory mediators such as tumor …

The Dendritic Cell Receptor For Endocytosis, Dec-205, Can Recycle And Enhance Antigen Presentation Via Major Histocompatibility Complex Class Ii-Positive Lysosomal Compartments, Karsten Mahnke, Ming Guo, Sena J. Lee

Publications

Many receptors for endocytosis recycle into and out of cells through early endosomes. We now find in dendritic cells that the DEC-205 multilectin receptor targets late endosomes or lysosomes rich in major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) products, whereas the homologous macrophage mannose receptor (MMR), as expected, is found in more peripheral endosomes. To analyze this finding, the cytosolic tails of DEC-205 and MMR were fused to the external domain of the CD16 Fcγ receptor and studied in stable L cell transfectants. The two cytosolic domains each mediated rapid uptake of human immunoglobulin (Ig)G followed by recycling of intact …

Will The Making Of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells In Vitro Help Unravel Their Mysteries?, Jacques Banchereau, Bali Pulendran, Ralph M. Steinman, Karolina A. Palucka

Publications

[No abstract available]

The Approach Of A Neuron Population Firing Rate To A New Equilibrium: An Exact Theoretical Result, Bruce Knight, Ahmet Omurtag, Lawrence Sirovich

Knight Laboratory

The response of a noninteracting population of identical neurons to a step change in steady synaptic input can be analytically calculated exactly from the dynamical equation that describes the population's evolution in time. Here, for model integrate-and-fire neurons that undergo a fixed finite upward shift in voltage in response to each synaptic event, we compare the theoretical prediction with the result of a direct simulation of 90,000 model neurons. The degree of agreement supports the applicability of the population dynamics equation. The theoretical prediction is in the form of a series. Convergence is rapid, so that the full result is …

Bryn Mawr College Undergraduate College Catalogue And Calendar, 2000-2001, Bryn Mawr College

Bryn Mawr College Calendar

No abstract provided.