Digital Commons Network^™

The New Rural-Urban Labor Mobility In China: Causes And Implications, Michael Seeborg, Zhenhu Jin, Yiping Zhu

Scholarly Publications

As the Chinese economy reforms, a huge new populationof rural-urban migrants is transforming the urban labor force. This article explores some of the most important reasons for the emergence of the floating population in China. We argue that the neoclassical model alone is not adequate to explain the massive rural-urban internal migration underway in China. Instead, ideas drawn from both sociological theories of segmented markets and institutional economics are used to supplement the standard neoclassical explanation. We found that Chinese policy reforms in both rural and urban areas decreased the balkanization of labor markets and opened up employment opportunities for …

The Political Economy Of Sports Facility Location: An End-Of-The-Century Review And Assessment, Tim Chapin

Marquette Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

Benefits By Gender: Determinants Of Welfare Accessibility For Migrant Women In Western Europe, Kathryn Vojack '00

Honors Projects

According to statistical data, there are dissimilarities between the ease of welfare accessibility for migrant men and migrant women within European nations. Research proposes the following to be linked with welfare access: percent GDP spent on welfare, size of immigrant population, percent of Roman Catholic Church identification, relative leftism of country, percent of women in the workforce, and public attitudes of immigrant population, welfare system and feminism. Analyses of these variables indicate that welfare accessibility for migrant women is primarily explained by attitudes towards gender roles and the status of women in society rather than the size of the immigrant …

Mind And Heart 2000, Whitworth University

Mind and Heart Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Critical Analysis Of Interventions Against Fgc In Egypt, Nahla G. Abdel-Tawab, Sahar Hegazi

Reproductive Health

Community-based programs designed to discourage the practice of female genital cutting (FGC) in Egypt started as early as the 1920s, however, NGOs seldom document the implementation, strengths, and weaknesses of each approach; or difficulties faced in implementation or ways of overcoming those difficulties. The present meta-assessment was designed by the Population Council to address these issues. Recommendations proposed to increase the effectiveness of anti-FGC interventions in Egypt include: conducting formative research to assess the needs of individuals/communities; using more participatory learning techniques in awareness-raising seminars and training workshops; focusing messages not only on the health hazards of FGC, but also …

Yelling, Not Telling: An Antitherapeutic Approach Promoting Conflict, Luis Muñiz Argûelles

Seattle University Law Review

In this Article, I will first examine the facts of the Pentecostal Church case, where the above quoted offensive language was used by the Puerto Rico Supreme Court (I). Later I will illustrate the reaction this language produced (II). Following this, I will briefly comment on the benefits and limits of a more conciliatory manner of expression (III). Finally, I will raise some questions as to whether the therapeutic jurisprudence movement should venture into conflicts where the parties are, in effect, testing out their respective political strengths or if it should concentrate on the more traditional fields that have earned …

The Secret Of The Court In The Netherlands, Niels F. Van Manen

Seattle University Law Review

The procedural organization of the legal system in the Netherlands is quite different from the North American model. The Dutch legal system forbids the publication of dissenting opinions. There is even a veil of ignorance about unanimity, created by what is "secret of the court": justice is handed out in black and white terms, regardless of the judges' motivations. This might create an image of unity and unanimity, and thus promote the legitimacy of jurisprudence, however, this secret of the court also prevents the effects of therapeutic jurisprudence, since those who have "won," but even more so those who have …

Gender And Generation In Household Labor Supply In Jordan, Mary Kawar

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper examines gender and age differences in the labor supply of households in Jordan, and the impact of young women’s employment on gender and generation relations. The objective of the study is to address the issues of gender and generation as factors influencing accessibility to labor markets, and to provide a broader understanding of female employment by exploring age-related factors. Empirically, the study looks at the disproportionate workforce participation of young urban single women in Amman, Jordan, and argues that this generation of working women is evidence of a new stage in the lives of Jordanian women: single employed …

The School Environment In Egypt: A Situation Analysis Of Public Preparatory Schools, Sahar El Tawila, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Barbara Mensch, Hind Wassef, Zeinab Gamal, Wesley H. Clark, Rania Sakr

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Very little research exists in Egypt on contemporary education outcomes and their relationship to an array of education inputs. Also, few datasets are available on the acquisition and retention of basic skills from education. This research aims at filling that gap in our knowledge by drawing a profile of the situation of public preparatory schools, investigating the distinct dimensions of the environment in these schools, and examining the links among these dimensions and specific education outcomes. As noted in this report, this study focuses on the preparatory stage of the general education system. Students in this stage comprise one-quarter of …

Women Street Vendors: The Road To Recognition, Monique Cohen

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of SEEDS explores the experience of women working and organizing as urban street vendors at a time when both the volume of demand and the number of vendors are expected to grow. As municipalities seek to change laws that affect how street vendors ply their trade, it is clear that vendors must have a seat at the table. Local-level organizational efforts need to be consolidated at the national level to cement vendors’ hard-earned gains as rights in national laws and policy. A 1995 meeting in Bellagio conceived an international alliance of street vendors—StreetNet—which aims to promote the exchange …

The Effects Of Schooling Incentive Programs On Household Resource Allocation In Bangladesh, Mary Arends-Kuenning, Sajeda Amin

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper examines the impact of programs that provide incentives for school attendance in rural Bangladesh-a food-for-education program for poor primary-school children and a secondary-school scholarship scheme for girls. Detailed time-use data were available from a 1991-92 village study conducted prior to the programs’ implementation as well as for two points in time in 1995 and 1996 when the programs were in place. The time children spent in school increased dramatically, especially for adolescent girls. Families were able to take advantage of the school programs because of the short school days required and because of the compatibility of household work …

The Potential Role Of Contraception In Reducing Abortion, John Bongaarts, Charles F. Westoff

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Since the 1960s the proportion of couples practicing contraception has risen rapidly, particularly in the developing world, and the mix of methods is now dominated by modern methods. Despite these trends, the incidence of unintended pregnancy remains high mainly because the number of children desired has declined. Worldwide there are almost as many unintended as intended pregnancies each year (not counting miscarriages, which are excluded in this analysis) and more than half of these unintended pregnancies end in abortion. This study examines the potential role of further increases in contraceptive prevalence and effectiveness in reducing abortion rates. The model used …

Unmet Need For Family Planning In Developing Countries And Implications For Population Policy, John B. Casterline, Steven W. Sinding

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Unmet need for family planning has been a core concept in international population discourse for several decades. In this paper we reevaluate its utility. We review the history of unmet need and the development of increasingly refined methods of its empirical measurement. We then turn to the main questions that have been raised about unmet need during the past decade, some of which concern the validity of the concept and others its role in the post-ICPD environment. The discussion draws heavily on empirical research conducted during the 1990s, much of it localized, in-depth studies combining quantitative and qualitative methodologies, that …

Socialization To Gender Roles And Marriage Among Egyptian Adolescents, Barbara Mensch, Barbara L. Ibrahim, Susan M. Lee, Omaima El-Gibaly

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Using nationally representative survey data, this paper explores gender role socialization and attitudes toward marriage among unmarried Egyptian adolescents aged 16-19 years. We examine the daily activities of adolescent boys and girls, views about age at marriage and desirable qualities in a spouse, and various indicators of gender role attitudes including opinions about whether wives should defer to husbands, about sharing household decisionmaking, and about responsibility for domestic tasks. Our findings reflect strong gender differentiation: girls have much less free time than boys, are much less mobile, are much less likely to participate in paid work, and have heavier domestic …

Future Trends In Contraception In The Developing World: Prevalence And Method Mix, John Bongaarts, Elof D.B. Johansson

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The main objectives of this study are to review existing methodologies for projecting future trends in contraception, evaluate the validity of the assumptions underlying these projections, propose methodological improvements, and assess the prospects for new methods of contraception in the coming decade. The prevalence of contraception in the developing world has increased dramatically over the past several decades from near zero to around 60 percent in 2000. Demand for contraception can be expected to continue to rise rapidly for the next few decades as population size continues to grow and fertility declines further to near the replacement level. As a …

Some Preconditions For Fertility Decline In Bengal: History, Language Identity, And An Openness To Innovations, Alaka Malwade Basu, Sajeda Amin

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper argues that looking solely for the immediate causes of reproductive change may fail to take into account not only the impact of policies and programs but the societal decision to adopt these policies and programs to begin with. The paper examines the historical origins and spread of ‘modern’ ideas in Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal in India. It concludes that a colonial history in which education and modernization processes took hold very early among the elite in the larger Bengal region was paradoxically accompanied by a strong allegiance to the Bengali language. This strong sense of …

Adolescent Girls' Livelihoods. Essential Questions, Essential Tools: A Report On A Workshop [Arabic], Carey Meyers

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This report, co-published by the Population Council and the International Center for Research on Women, describes a workshop convened in Cairo in 1999 to learn more about the nature of both younger and older adolescents' work experience, differentiate the particular needs and potentials of adolescent girls, and identify programs and policies that might have promise for supporting them.

The Virtue Of Ordered Conflict: A Defense Of The Adversary System, David Barnhizer

Nebraska Law Review

I. Introduction

II. The Idea of Ordered Conflict

III. Imperfections in the Adversary System

IV. The Role of Law in Coping With Conflict and Social Change

V. The Adversary System in a Complex American Democracy

VI. A Period of Intensifying Social Conflict and Search for Identity

VII. Social Despair and Acquiring Meaning through Joining a Micro-Community

VIII. How Doctrine Helps Shape and Balance our Political System

IX. Doctrine as a System and Structure

X. Conclusion: Democracy, Change, and Conflict

The Role Of The Federal Constitutional Court, Jutta Limbach

SMU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Organizational Culture: Relationship To Uncertainty, Sensemaking And Organizational Effectiveness, Rolf D. Dixon

Mountain Plains Journal of Business and Technology

Organizational culture is examined as a response to environmental uncertainty and organizational effectiveness is examined in terms of that uncertainty. The dysfunctional effects of uncertainty on an organization are examined. Organizational culture is then developed as an approach by which management may proactively deal with these effects in a manner designed to bring about a higher level of organizational effectiveness. Several propositions are offered as descriptions of how this process can unfold and be managed.

Place As Text: Approaches To Active Learning, Bernice Braid, Ada Long

National Collegiate Honors Council Monographs

INTRODUCTION, Bernice Braid
HONORS SEMESTERS: ANATOMY OF ACTIVE LEARNING, William Daniel
HONORS SEMESTERS: AN ARCHITECTURE OF ACTIVE LEARNING, Bernice Braid

OTHER STRUCTURAL MODELS OF ACTIVE LEARNING City as Text©, Bernice Braid
Faculty Development Institutes, William Daniel
Summer High School Field Experience, Bernice Braid
College Recruitment Exercise, Bernadette Low
Orientation Exercise, Bernadette Low
Professional Development Exercise, Bernadette Low
Other Courses, Bernadette Low

AN EXAMPLE OF ACTIVE LEARNING IN THE COLLEGE CLASSROOM, Shirley Forbes Thomas

ACTIVE LEARNING: ASSESSMENT OF HONORS SEMESTERS Internal Assessment, Ann Raia
External Assessment, Ada Long

ACTIVE LEARNING: STUDENT PERSPECTIVES ON HONORS SEMESTERS, Elizabeth Beck

ACTIVE LEARNING IN A …

Ancient Traditions, New Interpretations: Compression Resist Textiles In North And Mesoamerica, Virginia Davis

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Anasazi pieces from the Southwest USA, circa 1100 - 1300 AD, are known having compression resist patterning by tieing or stitching. These may possibly show influence from further south. In Mexico, tie and stitch resist is seen in pre-Hispanic indigo dyed brown cotton fragments recovered in the region of Tehuacan, Puebla. The codices are rich in depiction suggesting tie-dye, in particular, the cloak of Nezahualpilli, Lord of Texcoco, Codex Ixtlilxochitl, analyzed by Dr. Patricia Anawalt. Nezahualpilli, means in Nahuatl "blue knot," linguistically reflecting the design in the legitimizing cloak. Codex Mendoza shows tribute to the Aztecs with tie design from …

Cloth In Contemporary West Africa: A Symbiosis Of Factory-Made And Hand-Made Cloth, Heather Marie Akou

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

The concepts of "tradition" and "fashion" both center on the idea of change. Fashion implies change, while tradition implies a lack of change. Many scholars have attempted to draw a line between the two, often with contradictory results. In a 1981 article titled, "Awareness: Requisite to Fashion," Mary Ellen Roach-Higgins argued that,

If people in a society are generally not aware of change in form of dress during their lifetimes, fashion does not exist in that society. Awareness of change is a necessary condition for fashion to exist; the retrospective view of the historian does not produce fashion.¹

Although …

The "Invasion" Of Zapotec Textiles: Indian Art "Made In Mexico" And The Indian Arts And Crafts Act, W. Warner Wood

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

In May 2000, in Capitol Hill hearing testimony Andy Abeita described the "threat"," largely coming from South of the border as an "onslaught" creating "significant losses" because of ''unfair competition." He further described the situation as a "takeover" causing "economic harm" against which those in the U.S. should be "protect[ed]." Abeita's choice of vocabulary was not out of the ordinary.¹ As a number of authors have pointed out, Mexican workers are often described as an invasionary force.² megal and legal Mexican migration and work in the U.S. or in the maquiladora manufacturing plants that have sprung up along …

Wright State University Women's Soccer Media Guide 2000, Wright State University Athletics

Athletics Publications

A media guide for Wright State University's 2000 Women's Soccer team. This guide includes photographs, player stats, game results, and records.

Changes In Individualism And Collectivism As A Function Of Acculturation : A Study Of International Students, Layton Seth Curl

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Rock Of My Soul : Slave Culture And The Meaning Of Jesus, Gregg L. Newby

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Room That Shook (Rattled And Rolled) The World : The Memphis Recording Service And Sun Records At 706 Union Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee, Frank Fetzer Mills

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Collaborative Research: Conflicts On Authorship, Ownership, And Accountability, Rochelle C. Dreyfuss

Faculty Articles

In this Article, Professor Dreyfuss explores the field of collaborative research in the realm of intellectual property law. Traditionally, scientists, artists, and professors developed ideas alone, utilizing only their own knowledge and research to complete their works. Recently, however, due in part to an increasing need for specialization, the globalization of the marketplace, the rapid growth of the Internet, and an expansion in intellectual property law, collaborative production is replacing individual efforts. Collaborative efforts have posed an array of new and challenging legal problems. Parties sometimes find themselves without a clear sense of who has rights to royalties, who can …

The Social And Economic Status Of Eritrean Women: Advances And Reversals, Asgedet Stefanos

Trotter Review

In assessing the post-independence status of women in Eritrea, I want to pose two questions. First, how did the leadership of the national liberation movement, the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), embark on promoting women's emancipation, given the attitudes firmly rooted in the minds of both men and women that ran counter to the idea of an emancipated woman? Secondly, what changes were established in Eritrean women's public and personal lives during the national liberation struggle — in politics, economics, and the social realm?

This is an excerpt of the speech delivered by Asgedet Stefanos at the 20th Anniversary of …