Digital Commons Network^™

Annual Report 1 September 1998 - 31 August, 1999, Dublin Institute Of Technology

DIT Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Facing Challenges: Irish Public Television In The Digital Age, Ellen Hazelkorn

Books/Book chapters

This paper traces some of the main challenges facing public television in Ireland.

Identities And Racial Attitudes Of South African And American Adolescents: A Cross-Cultural Examination, Timothy B. Smith, Christopher R. Stones

Faculty Publications

Issues of group identity and prejudice have played a large role in the history of South Africa. This study examined differences among Xhosa-speaking Black, so-called Coloured, English-speaking White, and Afrikaans-speaking White adolescents within a context of social change. Data was collected from 818 high school students using a questionnaire that assessed aspects of these groups' perceptions of themselves (their identities), attitudes toward other racial groups (their prejudices), and beliefs about changes in the socio-political environment. Several statistically significant differences between the groups were found. Comparative analyses on identity and attitude variables performed with 263 White American adolescents were also statistically …

The First Women Members Of The Supreme Court Bar, 1879-1900, Mary L. Clark

San Diego Law Review

In 1879, Belva A. Lockwood of Washington, D.C., became the first woman member of the bar of the U. S. Supreme Court. Lockwood had applied for admission to the bar three years earlier, but had been refused on the ground that no woman had ever been admitted and thus there was no precedent for women's admission. Not easily defeated, Lockwood lobbied Congress to amend the rules governing admission of attorneys to the Supreme Court bar to allow for women as well as men. In February, 1879, Congress adopted "an Act to relieve certain legal disabilities of women," which authorized women …

Temporal Units Of Prosecution And Continuous Acts: Judicial And Constitutional Limitations

San Diego Law Review

Part II will examine the

historical development and the Supreme Court's application of the so- called rule of lenity when adjudicating cases involving statutes with

unclear units of prosecution Part II will also examine the manner in which unclear draftsmanship has been treated in other areas of law and

will compare those areas of law with the rationale behind the rule of lenity. Finally, Part II will conclude by arguing that the rule of lenity creates a presumption opposing multiple prosecutions for the continuing violation of a statute, unless there is clear legislative intent to the contrary. Part M11 will …

Race, Space, And Place: The Geography Of Economic Development, Audrey G. Mcfarlane

San Diego Law Review

In 1993, Congress authorized a community and economic development program called The Empowerment Zone and Enterprise Cities Demonstration Program ("Empowerment Zones Program") to create geographic zones within certain selected cities that would be eligible for special federal attention to alleviate pervasive conditions of

poverty and economic distress within the cities. The program is self- described as a strategy "to create jobs and business opportunities in [the]

most economically-distressed areas of inner cities' by providing tax incentives and social service funds within the zone to stimulate business creation and expansion and attain, over the long-term, revitalization of

the distressed community. The …

Slaves To Fashion: A Thirteenth Amendment Litigation Strategy To Abolish Sweatshops In The Garment Industry, Samantha C. Halem

San Diego Law Review

Viewed as a relic of a bygone era, modem legal teaching largely ignores the Thirteenth Amendment. Few constitutional law textbooks give it any more than a passing glance.' After all, slavery was abolished in the United States in 1863. While it is true that some scholars have suggested new applications for the Civil War Amendment legal practitioners have found few practical applications. This Article proposes a real world application of the Thirteenth Amendment to a current real world problem. Legal practitioners have under-utilized the Thirteenth Amendment. They should employ the Thirteenth Amendment as a valuable tool for fighting slavery and …

Legal Rules And Social Reform, Emily Sherwin

San Diego Law Review

Rules are designed to reduce error by prescribing actions that, in the run of cases, will produce better results than the subjects of rules would obtain if they judged for themselves what to do. At the same time, rules sometimes produce errors when applied to particular cases. If the sum of error under rules is less than the sum of error rules prevent, then the rule-making authority has reason to issue "serious" rules-rules to be followed in every case. Because rules are imperfect, however, the subjects of rules do not always have good reason to follow them. This means that …

The Tort That Refuses To Go Away: The Subtle Reemergence Of Public Disclosure Of Private Facts

San Diego Law Review

This Comment focuses instead on the subtle reemergence of the private facts tort in factual scenarios Warren and Brandeis most likely could not foresee one hundred years ago. Part II of the Comment briefly describes the development of the private facts tort. Part III examines the inevitable conflict between the private facts tort and the First Amendment, and common law attempts to reconcile that conflict through variations of the "newsworthiness" defense. Part IV focuses on the resurrection of the private facts tort in recent case law, due to judicial limitation of the newsworthiness defense. Finally, after examining the problems associated …

Strict Liability For Abnormally Dangerous Activity: The Negligence Barrier, Gerald W. Boston

San Diego Law Review

My main thesis is that the doctrine of strict liability for abnormally dangerous activity (which I sometimes refer to by the acronym SLADA), memorialized in sections 519 and 520 of the Restatement (Second) of Torts,' has evolved to the point of near extinction because courts have concluded that the negligence system functions effectively to deter the serious risks posed by the activities involved. The Restatement (Second) provides that strict liability is inapplicable when the high degree of risk can be eliminated by the exercise of reasonable care.2 The evidence demonstrates that courts are increasingly making precisely that finding, usually without …

The Rule In A Contribution Action Between Third-Party Insurers Wherein The Plaintiff Insurer Seeks Reimbursement Of Defense Costs From The Defendant Insurer After A Collusive Fraud On The Plaintiff Insurer Under California Law

San Diego Law Review

This Comment addresses five sub- issues, as follows:

1. Does or should an insurer have a duty to defend when it "knows" that the insured is involved in collusive fraud? 2. Assuming there is "substantial" but inconclusive evidence of collusive fraud, does an insurer who refuses to defend thereby commit a breach of duty? 3. In connection with a contribution action, are there any "gatekeeper" duties owed by the payer to the non-payer which must be satisfied? 4. Given that the non-payer denied coverage on the basis of collusive fraud, what must be proven in a subsequent contribution action? 5. …

Birbrower, Montalbano, Condon & Frank, P.C. V. Superior Court: A Defensible Outcome, But A Striking Example Of The Need To Reform Unauthorized Practice Of Law Provisions

San Diego Law Review

The comments of then-Governor Pete Wilson perhaps echo a commonly held, nationwide belief: the State Bar of California is arrogant.2 If the State Bar of California has been perceived historically as aloof, then the Supreme Court of California created a public relations nightmare-indeed, threw gasoline on a simmering inferno-with its recent opinion in the case of Birbrower, Montalbano, Condon & Frank, P.C. v. Superior Court ("Birbrower If').' In Birbrower II, the court held that a New York law firm was unable to collect the majority of its fees,

which exceeded one million dollars, because some of its attorneys- none of …

The Devil Made Me Do It: Replacing Corporate Directors' Veil Of Secrecy With The Mantle Of Stewardship, Constance E. Bagley, Karen L. Page

San Diego Law Review

This Article argues that the nature of the corporate form coupled with an exclusive focus on shareholder value leads to economically and socially inefficient results. The "profit maximization" view of directors' duties ignores the historical reasons why corporations were given special privileges, such as limited liability, by the state. This narrow view should be replaced with a doctrine of stewardship that imposes a more comprehensive view of the corporation's and directors' responsibility to manage the vast resources held in corporate form. This broader view is consistent not only with the values of a free market economy, but also with modem …

Real-Time Remote Sensing Of Snowmobiles Emissions At Yellowstone National Park: An Oxygenated Fuel Study, 1999, Jerome A. Morris, Gary A. Bishop, Donald H. Stedman

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

No abstract provided.

Intelligent Control Strategies For An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle, Paul Jason Craven

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

The dynamic characteristics of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) present a control problem that classical methods cannot often accommodate easily. Fundamentally, AUV dynamics are highly non-linear, and the relative similarity between the linear and angular velocities about each degree of freedom means that control schemes employed within other flight vehicles are not always applicable. In such instances, intelligent control strategies offer a more sophisticated approach to the design of the control algorithm. Neurofuzzy control is one such technique, which fuses the beneficial properties of neural networks and fuzzy logic in a hybrid control architecture. Such an approach is highly suited to …

Modelling Of Swash Zone Sediment Transport On Coarse Grained Beaches, Eur Ing Erik Van Wellen

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

A review is presented which assesses the importance of the swash zone as a potential contributor to the longshore and cross-shore transport on steep coarse-grained beaches. Based on this review it is apparent that the swash zone on such beaches forms an important contributor to both the longshore and the cross-shore transport. The review also identifies that the swash zone is neglected in all but a few sediment transport models. In addition, a lack of available shingle beach field data against which to validate existing and new transport models is also reported. Two surf zone integrated equations are presented with …

Human Control Of Robotic Mechanisms: Modelling And Assessment Of Assistive Devices, Cathy-Ann Leonie Radix

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

The prescription and use of Assistive Technology, particularly teleprostheses, may be enhanced by the use of standard assessment techniques. For input devices, in particular, existing assessment studies, most of which are based on Fitts' Law, have produced contradictory results. This thesis has made contributions to these and related fields, particularly in the following four areas. Fitts' Law (and background information theory) is examined. The inability of this paradigm to match experimental results is noted and explained. Following a review of the contributing fields, a new method of assessing input devices is proposed, based on Fitts' Law, classical control and the …

Reducing The Computational Effort Associated With Evolutionary Optimisation In Single Component Design, Harish Dhanji Vekeria

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

The dissertation presents innovative Evolutionary Search (ES) methods for the reduction in computational expense associated with the optimisation of highly dimensional design spaces. The objective is to develop a semi-automated system which successfully negotiates complex search spaces. Such a system would be highly desirable to a human designer by providing optimised design solutions in realistic time. The design domain represents a real-world industrial problem concerning the optimal material distribution on the underside of a flat roof tile with varying load and support conditions. The designs utilise a large number of design variables (circa 400). Due to the high computational expense …

Management Of Change In The Irish Construction Industry, Louis Gunnigan

Masters

Ireland is changing and this change is nowhere more apparent than in the rapidly growing construction industry. The industry is being forced to change at an unprecedented pace. This thesis sets out to develop a framework on which construction organisations can approach and manage change.

It examines the issues that will cause change, reviews the available literature to find how change can be managed and controlled, and develops a model for guiding change programmes in the construction industry. The model is tested against three case studies, the first two of which are concerned with finding increases in efficiency and demonstrating …

A Fibre Optical Strain Sensor, Thomas David Paul Allsop

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Strain-sensing elements, fabricated in standard communications-grade single mode optical fibre, are increasingly being considered for application in structural health monitoring. The reason for this is the numerous advantages demonstrated by these devices compared with traditional indicators. This thesis describes work carried out on optical sensors at the University of Plymouth. The aim of this work was to achieve an optical fibre strain sensing system capable of measuring absolute strain with good resolution and having wide dynamic range, without bulky optical equipment and not susceptible to misalignment due to handling. Earlier work was devoted to study on an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric …

Trauma Stress Severity And Road Traffic Accidents: A Prospective Pilot Study Into 11 Causal Factors, Louise Horner-Baggs

School of Psychology Theses

Factors associated with the development of post traumatic stress symptomatology have frequently been reported in the literature over the last decade. However, of the empirical studies examining these factors, few have used appropriate methodological designs and most have examined one factor in isolation. This pilot study used a cross-lagged panel analysis design to investigate 11 factors previously identified in the literature as being causally related to the development of post traumatic stress symptomatology. The 11 factors investigated were: perceived controllability, perceived predictability, perceived threat, shattering and confirmation of core assumptions, causal attributions, supportive and unsupportive behaviour, peritraumatic dissociation and the …

Rapid Clock Recovery Algorithms For Digital Magnetic Recording And Data Communications, Paul Michael Smithson

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

The 1990's may well be considered as the era of information technology, with the prevalence of computers, digital communications and hence the need for data storage. Diverse data storage media have been introduced, such as silicon (flash memory) [3] and the CD (Compact Disk) [4], however improvements in magnetic recording has resulted in magnetic media as the prominent leader in mass storage technology. With improvements to the storage medium, the read/write heads and the channel electronics, the capacity of magnetic rigid disks has approximately doubled every 3 years (period 1960-90) [5]. These improvements to the channel, coupled with fast data-access …

Front Matter

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

Lessons Of Inscription: Tutor Training And The "Professional Conversation", Peter Vandenberg

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

Addressing Genre In The Writing Center, Irene L. Clark

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

"Little Teachers," Big Students: Graduate Students As Tutors And The Future Of Writing Center Theory, Connie Snyder Mick

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

Censoring Students, Censoring Ourselves: Constraining Conversations In The Writing Center, Steve Sherwood

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

Modelling The Fisheries Of Lake Manzala, Egypt, Using Parametric And Non-Parametric Statistical Methods, Medhat Mohamed Ahmed Abdelaal

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

Much attention has been given to the economic aspects of the fisheries in Egypt, while building a statistical or mathematical model for fish production has received little attention. This study is devoted to a comprehensive assessment of Lake Manzala fisheries; past, present and future. Lake Manzala is one of the main fisheries resources in Egypt, and there is evidence that the fisheries have been over-exploited in recent years. The study objectives were to determine the factors that affect fish catches by individual vessels, to compare between parametric and non-parametric models of the fish catches, and to produce a mathematical model …

Advanced Magnetic Thin-Film Heads Under Read-While-Write Operation, Frank Zhigang Wang

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

A Read-While-Write (RWW) operation for tape and/or potentially disk applications is needed in the following three cases: 1. High reliability; 2. Data servo systems; 3. Buried servo systems. All these applications mean that the read (servo) head and write head are operative simultaneously. Consequently, RWW operation will require work to suppress the so-called crossfeed field radiation from the write head. Traditionally, write-read crossfeed has been reduced in conventional magnetic recording heads by a variety of screening methods, but the effectness of these methods is very limited. On the other hand, the early theoretical investigations of the crossfeed problem concentrating on …

Waterford Crystal: The Chairman's Challenge, Gerry Mortimer

Case studies

As he eased his car out the gates of Castlemartin on a lovely evening in May 1995, Redmond O’Donoghue mused on the meeting which had just finished. Dr A.J.F. O’Reilly, non executive Chairman of Waterford Wedgwood Plc, had brought senior management of the group to his Irish residence in County Kildare for an informal discussion on future strategy. The group comprised two distinct major subsidiaries, Waterford Crystal which produced crystal glass and Josiah Wedgwood whose main business was ceramic tableware. Redmond was Chief Operating officer of Waterford Crystal. With the impending retirement of the current Chief Executive, Paddy Galvin, Redmond …