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The Antitrust Duty To Deal And Intellectual Property Rights, James C. Burling, William F. Lee, Anita K. Krug

Articles

This Article discusses how courts have addressed so-called ‘"duty-to-deal" antitrust claims involving intellectual property, and what they should do in those circumstances to ensure appropriate deference to the competition goals of intellectual property doctrine.

Part II discusses duty-to-deal principles in the general case, where intellectual property rights are not at issue, noting that hard and fast rules have yet to emerge.

Part III discusses the approaches courts have taken in the intellectual property context and contends that, although many courts have conducted their analyses with a view to the objectives of patent law, at least two have not, with potentially …

In Re Guardianship Of Larson: Did South Dakota Abolish A Guardian's Fiduciary Duty, Ann F. Mines

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Policy And Science: A Review Essay Of Wilson's Consilience: The Unity Of Knowledge, Thomas Earl Geu

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Harm In The Application Of The Harmless Error Doctrine To The Constitutional Defect In In Re C.V., Denise M. Faehnrich

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

South Dakota Trust Amendments And Economic Development: The Tort Of Negligent Trust Situs At Its Incipient Stage, Michael J. Myers, Rollyn H. Samp

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Themes And Issues In The Experience Of Child Survivor Friends, Katherine Jane Adolphus

School of Psychology Theses

This study was interested in the experience of adults who had been bereaved of close friends during childhood (aged 5-12 years). This was identified as an area that was both underresearched and of potential importance to mental health professionals. Six participants were recruited through newspaper articles and requests placed in G.P. surgeries. All of the participants met with the researcher for an open-ended, unstructured interview lasting between 1 and 11/2 hours. The interviews were explored using the qualitative approach of 'Interpretative Phenomenologjcal Analysis'. Several themes and issues emerged as important in the experience of child survivor friends. These themes were …

Disturbances Observed By Endoscopic Examination Of The Upper Respiratory Airway Tract In Horses, Hüseyi̇n Tan, Alev Akdoğan Kaymaz, Cengi̇z Yilgin, Remzi̇ Gönül

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The upper respiratory airways of 367 horses that were healthy but had poor performance in races were examined by endoscope. Disturbances were observed in the following percentages: nasopharyngeal follicular hyperplasia 65.49%, entrapment of the epiglottis 12.3%, larve of Rhinoestrus equi 13.6%, anomalia of the epiglottis 0.27%, neoplasm of the nasopharynx and larynx 87%, left pharyngeal hemiplegia 1.63%, deformation of the nasal bone 0.27% and damaged nasopharynx 0.54%. The aetiology and pathogenesis of these disturbances and their effects on racing performance were investigated.

The Investigation Of Some Reproduction Characteristics Of The Alburnoides Bipunctatus Fasciatis (Nordman, 1840) Living In Oltu Stream, Çoruh Basin, Ayhan Yildirim, Orhan Erdoğan, Mustafa Türkmen, Bedri̇ Cemal Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

LIn this study, the age and season of reproduction, and fecundity of Alburnoide bipunctatus fasciatis caught from Oltu Stream between August 1995 and July 1996 were investigated. Both males and females reached at sexual mature at the age of two. In the Oltu Stream, the Alburnoides bipunctatus fasciatis began to spawn at the end of May when water temperature was 16 °C and the spawning continued to the end of the July when water temperature was 25°C. The mean individual and relative fecundity were determined as 13135±1107 eggs/female and 707700±52129 eggs/female respectively. The fecundity-fork length, fecundity-total weight and fecundity-age relationships …

Determination Of Intracardiac Blood Pressures And Cardiac Functions In Dogs, Utku Bakirel, Remzi̇ Gönül, Alev Akdoğan Kaymaz, Tarik Bi̇lal, Hüseyi̇n Tan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Intracardiac blood pressure was determined in twenty-seven healthy adult mongrel dogs weighting 14-32 kg. Cardiac catheterization was used to measure intracardiac blood pressure. A Pingtail catheter was placed in the aorta and the left ventricle via the A. carotis communis, and a Swanz-Ganz catheter was placed in the right ventricle via the V. jugularis. End-systolic blood pressure was found to be 113±3.1 mm/Hg in the left ventricle 53±2.9 mm/Hg in the right ventricle, 3±2.5 mm/Hg in the left atrium, 3±1.3 mm/Hg in the right atrium and 127±3 mm/Hg in the aorta. In addition, times of contraction, relaxation, filling, pre-ejection and …

Correlation Between Serum Retinol And Zinc Concentrations And Effect Of Seasons On These Parameters In Angora Goats, Mahmut Zühtü Çevi̇k, Ari̇f Altintaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the relations of the serum zinc and the Vitamin A, \beta-carotene concentrations depend on physiological conditions and seasonal effects in Angora Goats raised in Lalahan Livestock Research Institute. Healthy, 2-years old Angora Goats (n = 26) were used in this study. The blood samples were collected four times through the year to cover the whole seasons. Vitamin A, \beta-carotene and zinc concentrations of serum samples were measured. The highest serum b-carotene concentrations (6.63 ± 0.76 \mug/dl) were found in samples taken in the summer and the lowest concentrations (1.17 ± 0.36 \mug/dl) …

The Effects Of Different Intermittent Lighting Schedules Used In Different Diurnal Periods On Performances Of Broilers, Kaan M. İşcan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the effects of different lighting schedules on the performance and electricity use of broilers were compared. The study was undertaken in controlled chambers and a total of 1900 broilers were divided into 10 groups consisting of 190 broilers (12.85 chicks/m^2). Each group was housed in the pens of 3.65X4.05 m (14.78 m^2). In each pen the lighting density of 3 lux was supplied using a 40 watts of lamp. Broilers subjected to different daylight (9, 11, 15 hours) and an intermittent lighting (IL) regime consisting of 1 hr of light (L): 1hr of darkness (D), 1L:2D, 1L:3D …

Morphology And Development Of Several External Myiasis Larvae Recorded In Elazığ, Cem Ecmel Şaki̇, Edi̇p Özer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A study was conducted on external myiasis of livestock in Elazığ and its districts (Sivrice, Kovancılar, Baskil and Salkaya) in 1994-1995. Eight species of myiasis flies including Lucilia sericata, L. caesar, Calliphora vicina, C. vomitoria, Chrysomya albiceps, Wohlfahrtia magnifica, Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis and S. carnaria were determined and published seperately. In addition, morphological and biological characteristics of larvae of Lucilia sericata, Calliphora vicina, Wohlfahrtia magnifica and Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis were investigated under laboratory conditions as well. The studies showed that development from larvae to fly was recognized in 17-22 days for L. sericata, 10-16 days for S. haemorrhoidalis, 19-23 days for C. …

Incidence And Serotype Distribution Of Listeria Monocytogenes In Frozen Broiler Carcasses, İrfan Erol, Ufuk Tansel Şi̇reli̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to determine the presence of Listeria spp. and the serotype distribution of L. monocytogenes in fifty frozen broiler carcass samples obtained from different producers. USDA/FSIS suggested method was used for the isolation and identification of Listeria spp. Overall, 5 different Listeria species could be isolated from 94 % of frozen broiler carcasses. L. innocua was the most prevalent species with 90 % (45/50) followed by L. monocytogenes with 30 % (15/50), L. welshimeri with % 8 (4/50), L. grayi with 2 % (1/50) and L. murrayi with % 2 (1/50) respectively. According to the analysis there …

Judicial Review Of The Manual For Courts-Martial, Gregory E. Maggs

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In the Manual for Courts-Martial, the President of the United States has established the procedural, evidentiary, and other rules that govern many aspects of the military justice system. This article describes and analyzes nine arguments that litigants have advanced when asking courts to ignore or invalidate Manual provisions: (1) The Manual provision is merely precatory; (2) The Manual provision conflicts with the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ); (3) The Manual provision conflicts with another Manual provision; (4) The Manual provision conflicts with a federal regulation; (5) The President lacked authority to promulgate the Manual provision; (6) The Manual provision …

The Effects Of Some Natural And Synthetic Pigment Materials On Egg Yolk Pigmentation Andproduction In Yellow Corn Diets, Figen Kirkpinar, Ramazan Erkek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of lutein, alfalfa meal, marigold meal, paprika meal, \beta-apo-8'-carotenoic acit ethyl ester, canthaxanthin and \beta -apo-8'-carotenoic acit ethyl ester+canthaxanthin in addition to 60% yellow corn diets on egg yolk pigmentation and production. Paprika meal showed the maximum Roche color fan value (RCF). \beta -apo-8'-carotenoic acit ethyl ester, alfalfa meal and marigold meal showed the highest \beta -carotene equivalents value (BCE). The maximum Hunter L value was found in the control group. Paprika meal showed the maximum Hunter a value. Lutein had the highest Hunter b value (P0.01).

A Research On The Use Of Mediterranean Mussel In Feed For Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus Mykiss W. 1782), Orhan Aral, Cumaali Ağirağaç, Murat Yi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The research has been conducted on the use of mediterranean mussel in feed for rainbow trout reared in sea cages in Black Sea. In the research which was carried out for 39 days in the sea cage unit of the Ondokuz Mayis University Fisheries Faculty of Sinop, 480 rainbow trouts with initial mean weights of 120 g were used. At the end of research, it has been concluded that it is possible to replace mediterranean mussel with certain amount of pellets in the rainbow trout nutrition. According to the prices in 1995, the cost of rainbow trout fed on pellet …

The Importance Of Urinary Enzyme Activities In Dogs With Experimentallyinduced Gentamicin Nephrotoxicity, Mehmet Maden, Veysi Aslan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Totally nine healthy and mature dogs were used in the study. Two of which were served as controls and remaining seven dogs were assigned to experimental group. Gentamicin sulphate was given to induce nephrotoxicity at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight every 8 hours for 10 consecutive days. The samples of blood and urine were taken twice before the experiment and every other day during gentamicin infection and for 5 days after gentamicin injection was ceased. N-acetyl-?-D-glocosaminidase (NAG), ?-glutamyl transterase (GGT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and creatinine (CR), total protein (TP), glucose (GLU) and electrolyte (Ca, P, Na, K) …

Investigation Of Relationship Between Transferrin And Birth Weight Andlive Weight Gain In Lambs, Ayşegül Bi̇ldi̇k, Fatmagül Yur, Fuat Odabaşioğlu, Serap Çep, Hayati Çamas

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the types of transferrin and weight and live-weight gain of Morkaraman, Morkaraman x Dorsetdown, Morkaraman x Corriedale Lambs. Sixteen Morkaraman, 17 Morkaraman x Dorsetdown, 14 Morkaraman x Corriedale lambs were used as matirals. Using polyacril-amid gel electrophoresis technique, plasma samples were analysed for transferrin types. Transferrin types were found AA, AB, AM, BM, AD in Morkaraman lams, BS, MD, BB, AB, DD, AD and AE in Morkaraman x Dorsetdown lambs and BB, AB, BM, AM, MM, AA, MD in Morkaraman x Corriedale lambs. The highest gene frequencies were calculated …

A Comparison Of The Growth Differences Of Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus Mykissw., 1792) In Freshwater And Seawater (The Black Sea), Murat Yi̇ği̇t, Orhan Aral

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The research was carried out to determine the growth differences of rainbow trout in freshwater and seawater. Totally 480 individuals with initial mean weights of 88.08±0.91 g and 85.58±1.15 g were used in the experiment which was car-ried out in a freshwater facility of a commercial trout farm and the sea farm of Sinop Fisheries Faculty of the University of Ondokuz Mayis. The experiment was conducted for 90 days. At the end of the experiment, rainbow trouts grown in freshwater and seawater, reached final average weights of 295.56±5.65 g and 388.41±8.12 g and the daily growth rates were found as …

Gonioscopic Diagnosis And Operatife Treatment Of Glaucoma In Dog Breeds, Faruk Akin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Intraocular pressure of 104 eyes of 52 dogs were measured using Schiøtz's tonometer between 1995-1996. Obtained scala readings were conversed according to Peiffer's canine calibration table. Lig. pectineum and iridocorneal angles were observed by the help of gonioscopy and slit-lamp. Gonioscopic findigs were evaluated in association with intraoculer pressure separatley. Intraoculer pressures were found higher than normal levels according to finding first of all in Kangal breeds then in half-breed Kangals and the other breeds. The standart deviations were calculated and the pressures were observed to be nearly >30 mmHg. Position of lig. pectineum and the angles were examinated by …

Antigenic Relatedness Of Highly Virulent Infectious Bursal Diseaseviruses Isolated From Different Regions Of Turkey, Olcay Türe, Fethiye Çöven, Sabahattin İçin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Antigenic relatedness of 4 highly virulent infectious bursal disease viruses (Agean: G34, G35; Marmara: G41; Central Anatolia: ETL3) isolated from infectious bursal disease outbreaks that occured during 1990's in Turkey were investigated compara-tively with the reference serotype 1 classic D78 strain, variant E (Ev) and serotype 2 OH viruses by cross virus neutralization (VN). Antigeanic relatedness values (R) for all the viruses were calculated from geometric mean antibody titers of minimum of three tests. Cross-neutralization studies indicated that there are 2 antigenic sub-groups exist among the regional highly virulent viruses. G34, G41 and ETL3 strains that were isolated from clinical …

Comparative Analysis Of Highly Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Viruses Isolated In Turkeyusing The Sds-Page And Western Immunoblotting Techniques, Olcay Türe, Fethiye Çöven

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Structural protein profiles and antigenic ralatedness of the regional viruses (Agean:G34, G35; Marmara:G41; Central Anatolia:ETL3) isolated from the infectious bursal disease outbreaks in Turkey were examined comparatively with the serotype 1 classic (D78) and variant (E variant) strains using the SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) and Western immunoblotting techniques. SDS-PAGE analysis of 3 purified field (G34, G35, ETL3) and 1 reference (D78) viruses showed that local viruses had the same protein profiles with the serotype 1 reference strain. VP2(40K), VP3(32K) and VPX(48K) were the proteins identified in Coomassie blue stained gels. In this study, it was not possible …

Pathological And Biochemical Studies On "Fatty Liver And Kidney Syndrome" In White Broiler Chickens Fed With Ration Including Rendering Oil, Erkan Karadaş, Harun Özer, Enver Beytut, Necmi Özdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The "Fatty Liver and Kidney Syndrome" (FLKS) was induced experimentally in white broiler chickens. Eighty chickens of ten-day-old were divided into equally five groups. These chickens were fed with a daily provided commercial ration containing poultry rendering oil in a ratio of 0% in group I (control group), 5% in group II, 10% in group III, 15% in group IV and 20% in group V for eight weeks. Total mortality was 18.75%. Although group II chickens did not show significant clinical, morphological and biochemical findings, these findings were found to be significant in groups III, IV and V. In these …

Prevalence Of Liver Fluke Infections In Slaughtered Animals In Trakya(Thrace), Turkey, Ayşen Gargili, Erkut Tüzer, Aynur Gülenber, Müfi̇t Toparlak, İlker Efi̇l, Vedat Keleş, Meltem Ulutaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of liver fluke infections in cattle and sheep in Trakya (The European Part of Turkey). For this purpose the slaughterhouses of different localities (Tekirdağ, Hadimköy, Lüleburgaz, Çorlu, Kırklareli and Keşan) were visited between 03.03.1997 and 22.10.1997, and a total of 476 sheep and 415 cattle livers were examined. The prevalence rates of fasciolosis hepatica and dicrocoeliosis dendriticum were 3.99% and 23.55% in sheep, and 0.48% and 2.65% in cattle respectively. No changes in livers, which led to the partial or total condemnation, were observed.

Linear Regression Analysis With Missing Observations Among Theindependent Variables In Animal Breeding, G. Tamer Kayaalp

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In animal breeding, when there is a relationship between the dependent (Y) and independent (X) variables, regression analysis is applied. But when one of the variables has one or more missing observations regression analysis cannot be applied. This paper illustrates and discusses a regression analysis in which the independent variable (X) has a missing observation.

Efficacy Of Moxidectin Against Toxocara Canis Inexperimentally Infected Dogs, Ayşen Gargili, Erkut Tüzer, Aynur Gülanber, Müfi̇t Toparlak, İlker Efi̇l, Vedat Keleş, Meltem Ulutaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, 6 six-week-old puppies born of a stray bitch were used. Four of them were 5 kg, one of them 7 kg and the last 8 kg. Before egg inoculation, fecal examination by flotation technique showed that the animals had no helminth infection. Each puppy was infected orally with 150 embriyonated Toxocara canis eggs. When the egg first seen in their faeces after inoculation, Moxidectin (Cytectin 1% inj) at a dose of 0.2 mg/kgbw was given subcutaneously. Fecal examinations were performed by flotation technique, on day-0 (treatment day), day-7, day-14 and day-21, and EPG values were calculated on …

Performance Of Village Sheep Flocks In Central Anatoliaii. Fertility And Productivity Of Ewes, Olaf Thieme, Mehmet Karazeybek, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Özbayat, Rahi̇me Sözmen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Performance data on fertility of ewes, pre-weaning mortilaty of lambs and productivity were collected during two years from 24 village flocks in Cnetral Anatolia. The data included flocks with sheep from the Akkaraman and Merino breeds and their crosses. The overall means for lambing rate, weaning rate, twining rate and pre-weaning lamb mortality were 92.1%, 89.8%, 4.8% and 6.9%, respectively. The fertility traits were significant effected by genetic group, area were the flock was located and age of ewe and the lamb mortality by the first two effects. Merino ewes had a significantly higher fertility and twinning rate than the …

Growth Of The Mediterranean Mussel (Mytilus Galloprovincialis Lam., 1819) On Ropers In The Black Sea, Turkey, Orhan Aral

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the present study, the growth of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam., 1819 in the Black Sea on ropes has been studied. The result of a 18 month-trial showed that the mussels grew 72.84±0.74 mm in lenght. Temperature of seawater has been measured (minimum of 7ú°C in the month of February and maximum of 27.7°C in August). Salinity varied from 17.2 to 19.3‰.

Morphologic Examinations Of Cases Of Naturally Acquiredencephalitozoonosis In A Rabbit Colony, Hati̇ce Eröksüz, Yesari̇ Eröksüz, Nursal Meti̇n, Harun Özer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A four-month study of the distribution of morphologic lesions relating to encephalitozoonosis and the staining proper-ties of Encephalitozoon cuniculi was carried out on 40 rabbits from a breeding colony of 100 White New Zealand rabbits. Prominent and constant gross lesions, distinguished by subcapsular, small depressions, were identified in the kidneys of 37 rabbits (92.5%). These lesions were bilateral, and exhibited focal and multifocal distribution. Microscopic examinations of the kidneys revealed that the lesions were characterized by non-purulent granulomatous interstitial nephritis (55%) and chronic interstitial nephritis (45%). Non-purulent focal granulomatous encephalitis, frequently located in the cerebral cortex, was also detected in …

Isolation And Serological Characterization Of Highly Virulent Viruses Frominfectious Bursal Disease Outbreaks In Turkey, Olcay Türe, Fethi̇ye Çöven

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) field viruses were isolated from the bursa Fabricius (BF) materials collected from the IBD infected or suspected flocks in different geographical regions of Turkey during 1992-1994. The field viruses were adapted to embryonated spesific-pathogen-free (SPF) eggs and chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cell cultures by serial blind passages and characterized by virus neutralization test (VN). In this study, out of 60 BF samples that were diagnosed positive for IBDV by agar gel precipitation (AGP) test, only 20 isolates adapted and grew in CEF cell cultures and showed cytopathic effect (CPE) typical to IBDV. During further characterization of …