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1999

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Reporter - December 17th 1999, Rit Reporter Staff Dec 1999

Reporter - December 17th 1999, Rit Reporter Staff

University Publications

No abstract provided.

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Putative Pheromones In The Urine Of Male Moose: Evolution Of Honest Advertisement?, Chris Linda Whittle Dec 1999

Putative Pheromones In The Urine Of Male Moose: Evolution Of Honest Advertisement?, Chris Linda Whittle

Biological Sciences

I tested hypotheses about how olfactory communication is related to mating behavior in Alaskan moose (Alces alces gigas). Males dig rutting pits where urine is deposited to which females strongly respond. Consequently, male urine may contain primer pheromones that synchronize estrus of females. Urine samples were collected from captive moose on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Samples included those from the mating season and from the nonrutting period for two adult males, one yearling male, and one male and one female calf. After pH adjustment, samples were extracted with methylene chloride to yield 3 fractions (acidic, neutral, and basic), which were …

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Ecology Of Mountain Sheep: Effects Of Mining And Precipitation, Michael William Oehler Dec 1999

Ecology Of Mountain Sheep: Effects Of Mining And Precipitation, Michael William Oehler

Biological Sciences

We examined effects of mining on mountain sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) in California. Size of home range, forage quality, and diet did not differ between populations in mined and nonmined areas. During summer, we observed the greatest disparity in time spent feeding and diet quality. Because of their dependence on a spring adjacent to the mine, sheep may have spent more time vigilant, and less time feeding. Reducing mining during summer may benefit sheep. We also compared ecology of two female mountain sheep populations from different areas (xeric vs. mesic) in the Mojave Desert. The more xeric Panamint Range was …

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Reproductive Cycle Of The Dungeness Crab, Cancer Magister, In Southeastern Alaska, Katherine Marie Swiney Dec 1999

Reproductive Cycle Of The Dungeness Crab, Cancer Magister, In Southeastern Alaska, Katherine Marie Swiney

Fisheries

This study examined if female Dungeness crabs in Alaska reproduce annually. Crabs (287) were reared in flow-through tanks for one year and gonadosomatic indexes (GSI) and oocyte areas were calculated for seven months. Non-reproducing females had higher GSI and oocyte areas than reproducing females (<0.0001); resorption of gonads was observed. Male GSI varied significantly over the year. Crabs (27,506) were sampled with commercial pots and scuba in April and September in Glacier Bay, Alaska from 1992 to 1998. A large percentage (86%) of non-ovigerous females were observed in the spring when females should be brooding eggs. Molting probability is reduced as females become larger and they rely on stored sperm to fertilize eggs. A tagging study confirmed some females skip at least one mating season and extrude eggs in another season without ecdysis. This study demonstrated not all mature female Dungeness crabs in Alaska, especially larger females, reproduce annually.

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Studies On The Ecological Physiology Of Porphyra Abbottae And Porphyra Torta (Rhodophyta): Development Of New Species For Mariculture In Alaska, Jan Marie Conitz Dec 1999

Studies On The Ecological Physiology Of Porphyra Abbottae And Porphyra Torta (Rhodophyta): Development Of New Species For Mariculture In Alaska, Jan Marie Conitz

Fisheries

Environmental factors affecting the distribution and growth of Porphyra abbottae and Porphyra torta were studied in a research project on the feasibility of nori mariculture in southeast Alaska. In situ abundance of Porphyra abbottae was compared at sites in Sitka Sound, Cross Sound and Chatham Strait. Growth of laboratory cultured Porphyra torta gametophytes was studied in response to nutrients, salinity, crowding and substrate. The seasonal progression of abundance in Porphyra abbottae varied between study sites, with associated differences in water motion and temperature. Double sampling techniques improved accuracy of in situ abundance estimates. Germination and initial growth of cultured Porphyra …

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The Fecal Porphyrin Profile In River Otters As A Biomarker Of The Effects Of Oil Exposure, Christopher Taylor Dec 1999

The Fecal Porphyrin Profile In River Otters As A Biomarker Of The Effects Of Oil Exposure, Christopher Taylor

Marine Biology

The use of profiles of fecal porphyrins in river otters as a biomarker of the effects of oil exposure was investigated. A high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed to quantify porphyrins and compared to a spectrofluorometric method. Profiles of porphyrins were characterized in fecal samples collected at oiled and nonoiled areas in Prince William Sound following the Exxon Valdez oil spill. Levels of porphyrins in fecal samples indicated a temporal pattern of physiological stress and recovery similar to that described by other biomarker studies. Profiles of porphyrins were also characterized in fecal samples from southeast Alaska and contributed to the …

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Acute Toxicity Of The Oil Dispersant Corexit 9500, And Fresh And Weathered Alaska North Slope Crude Oil To The Alaskan Tanner Crab (C. Bairdi), Two Standard Test Species, And V. Fischeri (Microtox Assay), Sara Louise Rhoton Dec 1999

Acute Toxicity Of The Oil Dispersant Corexit 9500, And Fresh And Weathered Alaska North Slope Crude Oil To The Alaskan Tanner Crab (C. Bairdi), Two Standard Test Species, And V. Fischeri (Microtox Assay), Sara Louise Rhoton

Marine Biology

Toxicity assays of the oil dispersant Corexit 9500, and fresh and weathered Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude oil were conducted on Alaskan tanner crab larvae (Chionoecetes bairdi) under cold-region conditions, the reference species, Mysidopsis bahia and Menidia beryllina, and Vibrio fischeri (Microtox bioassay). Acute 96-hour toxicity data for C. bairdi were calculated using the response 'affected' (decreased phototactic response and ability to swim). C. bairdi were most sensitive to non-dispersed weathered oil (EC₅₀=0.4 mg/L), least to dispersant-only solutions (EC₅₀=1,267 mg/L), and were typically more sensitive than the reference species. Dispersant-only solutions were consistently least toxic for all species tested. Dispersed …

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Secondary Reproductive Strategies In Pacific Black Brant (Branta Bernicla Nigricans), Pamela A. Svete Dec 1999

Secondary Reproductive Strategies In Pacific Black Brant (Branta Bernicla Nigricans), Pamela A. Svete

Biological Sciences

Waterfowl are known to use secondary reproductive strategies, both extra-pair copulations and intraspecific brood parasitism, to increase fitness. We used five polymorphic microsatellite loci to determine extra-pair paternity and nest parasitism in 30 nests of Pacific Black Brant geese (Branta bernicla nigricans) containing 108 offspring. Fourteen of the 30 nests contained offspring that were not genetically related to one or both of the attending adults: 6.5% (7/108) of the offspring resulted from extra-pair copulations (EPC); 13.9% (15/108) of the offspring resulted from intraspecific brood parasitism (IBP). All offspring resulting from EPCs were produced during the peak period of nest initiation. …

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Differential Regulation Of The Uncoupling Protein 1 Gene, Stephen R. Lepage Dec 1999

Differential Regulation Of The Uncoupling Protein 1 Gene, Stephen R. Lepage

Biological Sciences

The mouse uncoupling protein 1 gene (Ucpl) is expressed specifically in brown adipose tissue and its transcription is increased by cold exposure. We have analyzed the transcriptional control of this gene through deletion analysis of the upstream untranslated regions of Ucpl. Mutated minigene constructs were microinjected into mouse pronuclei to generate transgenic mice. Positive transgenic founders were crossed with Balb/cByJ +/+ mice to generate F₁ offspring heterozygous for the transgene, which were then examined for tissue-specific and cold inducible expression of the minigenes by northern analysis. Protein-DNA interactions at putative regulatory sites were also explored through in vitro gel shift …

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Um Series Presents Equine Orthopedist, University Of Montana--Missoula. Office Of University Relations Dec 1999

Um Series Presents Equine Orthopedist, University Of Montana--Missoula. Office Of University Relations

University of Montana News Releases, 1928, 1956-present

No abstract provided.

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How To Be A Leader For The Future, C. William Pollard Dec 1999

How To Be A Leader For The Future, C. William Pollard

C. William Pollard Papers

Speaking at Success 2000, Pollard contends that being a leader requires first and foremost the desire to make "a significant contribution in the lives of others."

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Clemson Commencement Program, December 1999, Clemson University Dec 1999

Clemson Commencement Program, December 1999, Clemson University

Clemson Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Shelterwood-Cut Oak Forestry Practices On Breeding Bird Success, Patrick Lee Collins Dec 1999

The Effect Of Shelterwood-Cut Oak Forestry Practices On Breeding Bird Success, Patrick Lee Collins

Theses & Honors Papers

Populations of breeding birds were studied on two shelterwood-cut oak stands in Buckingham County, Virginia. These two tracts, Harris East and Harris West, were cut in 1996 and a Breeding Bird Census has been conducted on these tracts since 1997. This study is part of an ongoing effort to collect pre-bum data, and document the diversity of avian species utilizing this habitat. The changes in avian species present on the Harris East and Harris West plots is important to know so that the effects of shelterwood-cut forestry practices can be understood better. The data collected showed that, by changing the …

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Bard Observer, Vol. 10, No. 4 (December 15, 1999), Bard College Dec 1999

Bard Observer, Vol. 10, No. 4 (December 15, 1999), Bard College

Bard Observer - All Issues (1956 - Current)

No abstract provided.

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Developing And Integrating A Lessons Learned Methodology For Humanitarian Mine Action, Cisr Jmu Dec 1999

Developing And Integrating A Lessons Learned Methodology For Humanitarian Mine Action, Cisr Jmu

CISR Studies and Reports

The demand for a centralized lessons learned database has made it clear that there is value in consolidating the experience derived from the numerous de-mining missions by a variety of teams in a variety of countries. Consequently, the James Madison University Mine Action Information Center developed a methodology for collecting, validating, and distributing lessons-learned within the mine action community.

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Utb-Tsc Academic Senate Minutes 1999-12-15, University Of Texas At Brownsville And Texas Southmost College. Faculty Senate. Dec 1999

Utb-Tsc Academic Senate Minutes 1999-12-15, University Of Texas At Brownsville And Texas Southmost College. Faculty Senate.

UTB/TSC Faculty Senate Minutes

No abstract provided.

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Implantable Controlled Release Device To Deliver Drugs Directly To An Internal Portion Of The Body, Paul Ashton, Paul A. Pearson Dec 1999

Implantable Controlled Release Device To Deliver Drugs Directly To An Internal Portion Of The Body, Paul Ashton, Paul A. Pearson

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Patents

A simple and implantable sustained release drug delivery device with an inner core containing an effective amount of a low solubility agent covered by a non-bioerodible polymer coating layer that is permeable to the low solubility agent is disclosed. A method for treating a mammal to obtain a desired local or systemic physiological or pharmacological effect by surgically implanting such a sustained release drug delivery device into a mammal in need of treatment is also disclosed.

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Genetic Predictors Of Reproduction, Kent Andersen Dec 1999

Genetic Predictors Of Reproduction, Kent Andersen

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Genetic predictions in the form of expected progeny differences (EPDs) represent the beef industry's most powerful source of information for selection and genetic improvement. While EPDs are widely available for traits associated with calving ease, growth, milk and carcass traits, EPDs for reproductive traits are limited. Given the relative economic importance, development of EPDs for reproductive traits should be a priority for the beef industry. Fortunately, recent breakthroughs in analytical procedures have opened the door for potential development of genetic predictions for reproductive traits.

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Some Effects Of Feeding Supplemental Fat To Beef Cattle, R. A. Bellows Dec 1999

Some Effects Of Feeding Supplemental Fat To Beef Cattle, R. A. Bellows

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Meeting nutrient requirements of the replacement of heifer and the pregnant or lactating heifer and cow is of critical importance in assuring optimum reproductive performance. It is well recognized that these nutrients include protein, energy, minerals, vitamins, dry matter, and water. Recent research has indicated adequate fat may be an additional nutrient that needs to be present in the diet. This presentation will review some of our recent work on the effects of feeding additional fat on potential cold tolerance in the newborn calf, development of the replacement heifer, rebreeding of the lactating dam, and weaning weight of her calf.

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New Approach To Estimating Bull Fertility, R. L. Ax, M. E. Bellin, H. M. Zhang, H. E. Hawkins Dec 1999

New Approach To Estimating Bull Fertility, R. L. Ax, M. E. Bellin, H. M. Zhang, H. E. Hawkins

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Breeding soundness evaluations (BSE) are conducted to qualify bulls as potential satisfactory breeders. Guidelines for acceptable measures of scrotal circumference, sperm concentration, sperm motility, and the frequency of sperm with morphological abnormalities are compiled and published by the American Society for Theriogenology (Chenoweth et al., 1992). Unfortunately, according to statistics available from USDA, only 40% of eligible bulls are subjected to a BSE. In the real world, bulls with identical outcomes in terms of physical quality of semen will still vary in actual fertility whether used for natural mating or artificial insemination (A.I).

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Cow Adaptability And Carcass Acceptability – Are They Compatible?, James A. Gosey Dec 1999

Cow Adaptability And Carcass Acceptability – Are They Compatible?, James A. Gosey

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Obviously cows have to be bred to fit their environment/resource base and their progeny have to produce desirable consumer beef. However, genetic antagonisms between traits and other management factors result in mismatches that occur between optimum cow fitness and optimum carcass fitness. Fortunately the knowledge base that can be used to manage some of these mismatches has grown in recent years. Given time, effort, and commitment, a rancher can develop an action plan to produce not a perfect fit, but a profitable compromise between "cow goals" and "carcass goals".

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Going Home To The Family Ranch, Sara F. Hebbert Dec 1999

Going Home To The Family Ranch, Sara F. Hebbert

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Going home to the family ranch is a multi-faceted decision to be made following careful analysis of the whole picture. It is important to identify all the players, choose the right timing, define individual roles, and measure what is most valuable. Combined with these factors is the need to establish partnerships with unlikely partners. The plague of urban sprawl threatening every ag enterprise in the nation makes it continually important that we in the beef industry establish a positive relationship with those not associated with ag. The information that follows is a combination of personal history and observation.

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Blue Ribbon Commission Recommendations Executive Summary – November 1999, Lynn Cornwell Dec 1999

Blue Ribbon Commission Recommendations Executive Summary – November 1999, Lynn Cornwell

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Purpose: The NCBA Board approved and President George Swan appointed the Blue Ribbon Commission to create a stronger NCBA for today and tomorrow by establishing recommendations for:

• Commitment to the producer

• State-national partnership and membership

• Governance and representation

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Opportunities To Recapture Demand For Beef, Andrew Gottschalk Dec 1999

Opportunities To Recapture Demand For Beef, Andrew Gottschalk

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Since 1976, the total supply of red meat and poultry has increased 63%. However, all of the gains since 1976 have been the domain of the competing meats. During 1998, beef production approximated the record production of 1976. This was accomplished with approximately 28 million fewer cattle (100M) than in 1976 (128M). The entire reduction in cattle inventories is offset by an increase in average annual carcass weight. During the period 1990-1998, beef production increased 3.1 billion pounds, pork increased 3.7 billion pounds, chicken increased 9.0 billion pounds and turkey increased 660 million pounds. In total during the 1990-1998 period, …

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Beyond 1998: Achieving Buyer Expectations, A Restaurant Perspective, Chet England Dec 1999

Beyond 1998: Achieving Buyer Expectations, A Restaurant Perspective, Chet England

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Content:
NCCR: Who Are We?
The Restaurant Industry Overall
Things About Which Americans Are Afraid
Why Do We Are?
What Are We Doing for Our Part?
We Need to Minimize Pathogen Incidence
CCP's at Quick Service Restaurants
Why Should You Care?
Protecting Your Customers by Managing Food Safety is the Right Thing To Do!
"Toxin" by Robin Cook

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Convenience Beef Products: Trials And Tribulations In Development And Marketing, Jonathan Rocke Dec 1999

Convenience Beef Products: Trials And Tribulations In Development And Marketing, Jonathan Rocke

Range Beef Cow Symposium

The evolution of convenient beef products is not only an exciting phenomenon that is occurring within the beef industry but is an essential strategy and revolution that must take place if beef is to reverse its downward demand curve. It is not a matter of if, but when, not how, but how fast and certainly it is not a matter of telling the consumer how they will like their beef but rather listening as they tell us "How they would like their beef". It has begun and their will be no retreat.

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Techniques To Identify Palatable Beef Carcasses: Marc Tenderness Classification, Sdsu Colorimeter And Near-Infrared Spectrophotometry (Nir) Systems, Duane M. Wulf Dec 1999

Techniques To Identify Palatable Beef Carcasses: Marc Tenderness Classification, Sdsu Colorimeter And Near-Infrared Spectrophotometry (Nir) Systems, Duane M. Wulf

Range Beef Cow Symposium

The value of any product is determined by a customer's willingness to pay for that product, which is determined by that customer's wants and needs. The value of beef is therefore ultimately determined according to beef customers' desires. There are three basic beef carcass characteristics that affect value.

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Techniques To Identify Palatable Beef Carcasses: Hunterlab Beefcam™, Keith E. Belk Dec 1999

Techniques To Identify Palatable Beef Carcasses: Hunterlab Beefcam™, Keith E. Belk

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Most cattlemen agree that instrument technology, combined with mechanisms to trace livestock through the processing chain, would assist in developing a true "value- or qualitybased" marketing system--where economic signals are transmitted across the entire production chain so that customer preferences are communicated to producers. Tatum et al. (1999) demonstrated the importance of being able to sort beef carcasses, based on an accurate measurement of their subsequent eating quality, if true quality management practices are to ever be implemented to reduce variation and inconsistency in beef palatability. Because Video Image Analysis (VIA) technology has been a priority for commercial testing by …

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Managing Forage Resources For Bigger Profits, Kit Pharo Dec 1999

Managing Forage Resources For Bigger Profits, Kit Pharo

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Our ranch is known as Pharo Cattle Company and is located eight miles north of Cheyenne Wells, which is on the central high plains of Eastern Colorado. This is short-grass country with very limited and unpredictable rainfall. We have a commercial cow herd, as well as a registered cow herd. Our seedstock program consists of Red Angus, Black Angus, Tarentaise, and Composites. Our Composite cattle are 50% Tarentaise, 30% Red or Black Angus and 20% Hereford.

Since our ranch provides our only source of income, our ranching practices must be both sustainable and profitable. Recently I've heard a lot of …

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Reducing Harvesting Costs Using Windrow Grazing, Weldon V. Thomson Dec 1999

Reducing Harvesting Costs Using Windrow Grazing, Weldon V. Thomson

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Dr. Robert Taylor, of Colorado State University, at the 1995 NCA meeting stated, "…after the current cycle 30% of today’s beef producers will not be in business." A colleague, Paul Gehno, now with the King Ranch in Florida, once stated, "the industry that emerges from this down phase will be leaner, smaller and more competitive." Another quote, of which I am afraid I do not have the author states, "in times of change, learners inherit the earth while the learned find themselves beautifully equipped to work in a world that no longer exists."

We live in a world of change …

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