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1998

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La Familia En La Mira: Nuevas Perspectivas Sobre Madres, Padres E Hijos, Judith Bruce, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Ann Leonard, Patrice L. Engle, Niev Duffy Jan 1998

La Familia En La Mira: Nuevas Perspectivas Sobre Madres, Padres E Hijos, Judith Bruce, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Ann Leonard, Patrice L. Engle, Niev Duffy

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

A pesar de la retórica de los últimos años que lamenta la pérdida de la "familia tradicional," las familias jamás se han podido encajonar en modelo único. "Familia" puede referirse a la gente que se ha vinculado entre sí por matrimonio o parentesco, o a los que pretenden descender de antecesores comunes. Las personas pueden formar y extender familias, ya sea mediante la adoptación o crianza de niños, o definiendo como familiares a gente no emparentada o mediante el establecimiento de sociedades consensuales. Las familias son tan adaptables como diversas, pues se reconfiguran a sí mismas en el transcurso de …

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The Uncharted Passage: Girls' Adolescence In The Developing World, Barbara Mensch, Judith Bruce, Margaret E. Greene Jan 1998

The Uncharted Passage: Girls' Adolescence In The Developing World, Barbara Mensch, Judith Bruce, Margaret E. Greene

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Adolescence is a formative time of transition to adulthood. What happens between the ages of 10 and 19 shapes how girls and boys live out their lives as women and men—not only in the reproductive arena, but in the social and economic realm as well. Yet, despite its impact on human development, adolescence has been sidelined as a research and policy subject in developing countries. While all adolescents deserve our attention, the needs of adolescent girls in the developing world are particularly pressing. This monograph focuses on these girls, presenting statistics to examine the social and economic context of their …

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Covert Contraceptive Use: Prevalence, Motivations, And Consequences, Ann E. Biddlecom, Bolaji M. Fapohunda Jan 1998

Covert Contraceptive Use: Prevalence, Motivations, And Consequences, Ann E. Biddlecom, Bolaji M. Fapohunda

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper examines women’s covert use of contraceptives, that is, use without the knowledge of their husbands. Covert use may highlight conflict between husbands and wives about family planning, or it may reflect behaviors that spouses find difficult to discuss together. This study addresses three questions: 1) How is covert use measured in different settings? 2) How prevalent is it? and 3) What are the factors underlying covert use? We examine these questions by drawing on existing studies and detailed survey and qualitative data collected in 1997 in an urban setting in Zambia from married women and a subsample of …

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Women's Lives And Rapid Fertility Decline: Some Lessons From Bangladesh And Egypt, Sajeda Amin, Cynthia B. Lloyd Jan 1998

Women's Lives And Rapid Fertility Decline: Some Lessons From Bangladesh And Egypt, Sajeda Amin, Cynthia B. Lloyd

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

In some of the more traditional parts of the world, fertility is falling steadily, sometimes rapidly, in environments where women’s lives remain severely constrained. The recent experiences of Bangladesh and Egypt, both predominantly Muslim countries, are illustrative in this regard. Since the late 1970s, rural and urban areas in both countries have experienced steady declines in fertility, with recent declines in rural Bangladesh similar to those in rural Egypt, despite lower levels of development and higher rates of poverty. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of the demographic transition in these two societies as seen through the dual lens of …

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The Impact Of An Integrated Micro-Credit Programme On Women's Empowerment And Fertility Behavior In Rural Bangladesh, Fiona Steele, Sajeda Amin, Ruchira Tabassum Naved Jan 1998

The Impact Of An Integrated Micro-Credit Programme On Women's Empowerment And Fertility Behavior In Rural Bangladesh, Fiona Steele, Sajeda Amin, Ruchira Tabassum Naved

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper examines the impact of participation in women’s savings and credit groups organized by Save the Children USA on women’s empowerment, contraceptive use, and fertility in a rural area of Bangladesh. The data are drawn from a panel survey conducted in 1993, shortly before the groups were formed, and in 1995 after interventions began. This quasi-experimental design enables us to identify the characteristics of women who chose to join savings groups. The findings show that those who joined tend to more educated and more socially independent than are women who did not. Thus, to control for selection bias, preintervention …

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Migration, Sexual Behavior And Hiv Diffusion In Kenya, Martin Brockerhoff, Ann E. Biddlecom Jan 1998

Migration, Sexual Behavior And Hiv Diffusion In Kenya, Martin Brockerhoff, Ann E. Biddlecom

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The association of migration with the spread of AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa is well documented, yet the social and behavioral mechanisms underlying this relationship remain poorly understood. Using data from the 1993 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, this paper examines whether migrants are more likely than nonmigrants to have multiple recent sexual partners and not to use condoms with those partners. Results indicate that migation is a critical factor in high-risk sexual behavior and that its importance varies by gender and by the direction of movement. Independent of marital and cohabitation status, social milieu, awareness of AIDS, and other crucial …

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Fertility And Reproductive Preferences In Post-Transitional Societies, John Bongaarts Jan 1998

Fertility And Reproductive Preferences In Post-Transitional Societies, John Bongaarts

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Conventional theories have little to say about the level at which fertility will stabilize at the end of the transition although it is often assumed that replacement fertility of about 2.1 births per woman will prevail in the long run. However, fertility has dropped below the replacement level in virtually every population that has moved through the demographic transition. If future fertility remains at these low levels populations will decline in size and age rapidly.This paper attempts to contribute to the understanding of levels and trends of post-transitional fertility by examining the causes of discrepancies between reproductive preferences and observed …

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The Onset Of Fertility Transition In Pakistan, Zeba Sathar, John B. Casterline Jan 1998

The Onset Of Fertility Transition In Pakistan, Zeba Sathar, John B. Casterline

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Recent trends in fertility and contraceptive prevalence indicate that the marital fertility transition in Pakistan, which has been anticipated for three decades, has begun in the 1990s. Before that decade, the total fertility rate had exceeded 6 births per woman for at least three decades, and fewer than 10 percent of married women practiced contraception. The most recent survey data, collected in 1996- 97, show a total fertility rate of 5.3 births per woman and a contraceptive prevalence rate of 24 percent. Underlying this development are macroeconomic trends that have led to widespread economic distress at the household level, and …

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The Changing Social Environment For Adolescents In Kassena-Nankana District Of Northern Ghana: Implications For Reproductive Behavior, Barbara Mensch, Daniel Bagah, Wesley H. Clark, Fred N. Binka Jan 1998

The Changing Social Environment For Adolescents In Kassena-Nankana District Of Northern Ghana: Implications For Reproductive Behavior, Barbara Mensch, Daniel Bagah, Wesley H. Clark, Fred N. Binka

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This study reports on a primarily qualitative investigation of adolescent reproductive behavior in the Kassena-Nankana District, a rural isolated area in northern Ghana, where traditional patterns of marriage, family formation, and social organization persist. The study is based on in-depth interviews and focus groups with adolescents, parents, chiefs and traditional leaders, teachers, youth leaders, and health workers, supplemented by quantitative data from the 1996 wave of a panel survey of reproductive-aged women conducted by the Navrongo Health Research Centre. The social environment faced by adolescent boys and girls in the Kassena-Nankana District and its links to reproductive behavior are described. …

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The Impact Of Family Planning Household Service Delivery On Women's Status In Bangladesh, James F. Phillips, Mian Bazle Hossain Jan 1998

The Impact Of Family Planning Household Service Delivery On Women's Status In Bangladesh, James F. Phillips, Mian Bazle Hossain

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Since 1982, the Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Extension Project has compiled longitudinal panel data on rural women’s contact with household service providers who visit homes to discuss family planning and offer services to women on request. This study tests the hypothesis that home-based services reinforce customs of purdah (female seclusion) by sustaining the dependency and isolation of the women served by the program. Results show that household services improve women’s status. This effect is largely attributable to the impact of outreach on effective fertility regulation. Findings do not support the hypothesis that household service delivery is detrimental …

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Social Networks And The Diffusion Of Fertility Control, Mark R. Montgomery, John B. Casterline Jan 1998

Social Networks And The Diffusion Of Fertility Control, Mark R. Montgomery, John B. Casterline

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Theories of the fertility transition now routinely reserve a place for diffusion effects. Two fundamental behavioral mechanisms account for such effects: social learning and social influence. Social learning refers to the acquisition of information from others. The information might have to do with a new technology or with the health, social, and economic consequences of decisions. In the case of fertility, individuals might learn from others about the availability of a new contraceptive, or about health side effects of certain contraceptives, or about the apparent gains and losses from having fewer children and investing in their schooling. Social influence refers …

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Obstetric Variables And Maternal Attitudes As Risk Factors For Postpartum Depression, Teresa B. Stire Jan 1998

Obstetric Variables And Maternal Attitudes As Risk Factors For Postpartum Depression, Teresa B. Stire

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Depression is a significant mental health concern and has been studied scientifically for more than 100 years (Logsdon, McBride, & Birkimer, 1994). However, until the past decade, little attention had been paid to the phenomenon of postpartum depression. Postpartum depression refers to depressive symptoms and impairment in women's ability to function that persists beyond the first week postpartum (Steiner, 1990). Research conducted in the past decade has indicated that approximately 10% to 15% of postnatal women suffer from postpartum depression (Beck, Reynolds, & Rutowski, 1992; Beck, 1996). Typical onset of postpartum depression seems to be between 3 to 6 weeks …

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The Ada Interactive Process: The Employer And Employee’S Duty To Work Together To Identify A Reasonable Accommodation Is More Than A Game Of Five Card Stud, Sam Silverman Jan 1998

The Ada Interactive Process: The Employer And Employee’S Duty To Work Together To Identify A Reasonable Accommodation Is More Than A Game Of Five Card Stud, Sam Silverman

Nebraska Law Review

Since the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) took effect, employers have struggled when trying to apply the act to real employment situations. Originally, federal protection against handicap discrimination was established in the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of handicap with regard to any program or activity receiving federal assistance. Precedent arising from cases decided under the Rehabilitation Act have served as guidance for ADA determinations. As ADA case law becomes more developed, however, courts are relying less on the Rehabilitation Act case law. In enacting the ADA, Congress specifically required that the Equal …

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The Problem With Pension Portability, Steven L. Willborn Jan 1998

The Problem With Pension Portability, Steven L. Willborn

Nebraska Law Review

This article is about pension portability, but the problems addressed are important and general ones affecting all types of employee benefits. All employee benefits are part of the compensation package and, as such, all are designed to pursue certain employment-related goals. Portability of health care benefits, for example, poses issues similar to those posed by pension portability. Regulation on that issue, and indeed regulation of all employee benefits, occurs in the context of uncertainty about the costs of regulation and its distributional effects and about its effect on the continued willingness of employers to offer the benefit. This article is …

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The Relationship Between Internal Object Representations And Affective Style: A Tat Study, Robin B. Kerner Jan 1998

The Relationship Between Internal Object Representations And Affective Style: A Tat Study, Robin B. Kerner

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study explored the relationship between internalized object representations and interpersonal affective style (AS). Subjects were drawn from a sample of families participating in the Yale Psychiatric Institute Family Study (Diamond & Doane, 1994). The present study examined only the parents in these families (N = 70). At the time of their child's psychiatric admission, these subjects were administered the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and participated in a family interaction task in order to assess their affective style (AS; Doane et al., 1981). TATs were scored utilizing Westen's (1985, revised 1989) Social Cognition and Object Relations Scale (SCORS). It was …

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Welcome To The 21st Century Classroom - Your Living Room: The Fcc Requires Three Hours Of Children's Educational And Informational Programming, Richard Jr. Cortez Jan 1998

Welcome To The 21st Century Classroom - Your Living Room: The Fcc Requires Three Hours Of Children's Educational And Informational Programming, Richard Jr. Cortez

SMU Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Limited Partner, Maximum Effect: Rethinking The Risk Of Investing In Delaware Limited Partnerships, J. Brooke Hern Jan 1998

Limited Partner, Maximum Effect: Rethinking The Risk Of Investing In Delaware Limited Partnerships, J. Brooke Hern

SMU Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Initial Thoughts On Classifying The Major Japanese Business Entities Under The Check-The-Box Regulations, Christopher H. Hanna Jan 1998

Initial Thoughts On Classifying The Major Japanese Business Entities Under The Check-The-Box Regulations, Christopher H. Hanna

SMU Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Troubled State Of Chapter 13 Bankruptcy And Proposals For Reform, Jeffrey A. Logan Jan 1998

The Troubled State Of Chapter 13 Bankruptcy And Proposals For Reform, Jeffrey A. Logan

SMU Law Review

No abstract provided.

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International Human Rights, Harvetta Asamoah, Alya Kayal, Emily Chuo, Melanne Anromecca Civic Jan 1998

International Human Rights, Harvetta Asamoah, Alya Kayal, Emily Chuo, Melanne Anromecca Civic

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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Environment And Health Under Wto Dispute Settlement, Steve Charnovitz Jan 1998

Environment And Health Under Wto Dispute Settlement, Steve Charnovitz

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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Future Challenges: New Substantive Areas - Comments, Guillermo Aguilar Alvarez, Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, Grant Aldonas Jan 1998

Future Challenges: New Substantive Areas - Comments, Guillermo Aguilar Alvarez, Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, Grant Aldonas

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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Will The Judgment-Proof Own Cyberspace, Henry H. Perritt Jr. Jan 1998

Will The Judgment-Proof Own Cyberspace, Henry H. Perritt Jr.

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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Revenge Of The Push-Me, Pull-You: The Implementation Process Under The Wto Dispute Settlement Understanding, Timothy M. Reif, Majorie Florestal Jan 1998

Revenge Of The Push-Me, Pull-You: The Implementation Process Under The Wto Dispute Settlement Understanding, Timothy M. Reif, Majorie Florestal

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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International Trade, Charles Owen Verril Jr., Peter S. Jordan, Timothy C. Brightbill Jan 1998

International Trade, Charles Owen Verril Jr., Peter S. Jordan, Timothy C. Brightbill

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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A New Pillar Of The Wto: Sound Science, Warren H. Maruyama Jan 1998

A New Pillar Of The Wto: Sound Science, Warren H. Maruyama

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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International Environmental Law, Paul E. Hagen, Annie Petsonk, David Favre, Richard J. Ferris Jan 1998

International Environmental Law, Paul E. Hagen, Annie Petsonk, David Favre, Richard J. Ferris

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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Employment And Labor Law, Cyndi M. Benedict, Lucie Frost Webb, Joseph A. Bourbois, Jeffrey L. Bryan Jan 1998

Employment And Labor Law, Cyndi M. Benedict, Lucie Frost Webb, Joseph A. Bourbois, Jeffrey L. Bryan

SMU Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Law Of Letters Of Credit And Investment Securities Under The Ucc - Modernization And Process, Gene N. Lebrun, Fred H. Miller Jan 1998

The Law Of Letters Of Credit And Investment Securities Under The Ucc - Modernization And Process, Gene N. Lebrun, Fred H. Miller

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Case Survey: A Brief Survey Of Selected South Dakota Supreme Court Cases Decided In 1997, Thomas Simmons Jan 1998

Case Survey: A Brief Survey Of Selected South Dakota Supreme Court Cases Decided In 1997, Thomas Simmons

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

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