Digital Commons Network^™

Electromagnetic Reaction Cross Sections In Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions, Jack Dostal

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

The goal of this project was to produce a computer program to predict the cross section of relativistic heavy ion collisions between given projectile and target nuclei. An explanation of the usefulness of relativistic heavy ion collision analysis is presented. The use of the Weiszacker-Williams method of virtual quanta for enhancing reaction cross sections of this type is discussed. Quantum-mechanical corrections to the semiclassical Weiszacker-Williams method are introduced. C++ computer code has been developed to calculate both semiclassical (as a check) and quantum-mechanical cross sections for these types of reactions. Preliminary results are given for the heavy ion reaction ( …

The Impact Of Computer-Assisted Communication Techniques On The Accounting Profession, Jennifer Ellwanger

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

Computers have made a tremendous impact on society in the last twenty years. They have affected practically every aspect of life; therefore, it isn't surprising that computers have impacted the accounting profession. The computer has changed the way accountants prepare tax returns and financial statements, and has influenced every other accounting process (Khani and Zarowin, 1995). Computers may also impact the way accountants communicate with clients and their coworkers. This study examines the impact of computer technology on communication in the accounting profession.

Prior research has reported what technologies are available and which ones are being used by accountants. A …

Grace State: A Christian Devotional For College Students, John Farrell

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

Devotional

Senior Auditors' Reaction To Premature Sign-Off By A Staff Member, Amy L. Slabaugh

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

The research presented in this paper is an extension of research completed by Kaplan (1995), who examined senior auditors' reporting intentions upon discovery of premature sign-off of an audit step by a staff member. His research found that audit seniors do not always formally report the discovery of premature sign-off, even though firms have formal policies requiring such reporting (McNair 1991). In Kaplan's (1995) research, an experiment was conducted in which subjects were asked to respond to a hypothetical scenario in which an audit staff member prematurely signed off on a required audit step. His study manipulated two situational variables: …

Game Theory And Its Practical Applications, Angela M. Koos

Presidential Scholars Theses (1990 – 2006)

Game theory identifies players' optimal strategies in the face of interdependence and uncertainty . Games can be divided into two-person and n-person games, zero-sum and nonzero-sum games, and cooperative and non-cooperative games. Although this paper does not touch upon all of these aspects of game theory, it does offer a nice introduction of game theory and its applications for those who are not mathematical specialists.

Les Deux Faces De La Pensée De E. A. Martel, Jacques Choppy

International Journal of Speleology

Réunion de textes de Martel: 1 - Extraits du Nouveau Traité des Eaux Souterraines (1921), donnant l’essentiel de la pensée de l’auteur sur l’hydraulique et la morphologie du karst. 2 - En opposition à cette vision, rappelée de nombreuses fois par l’auteur, extraits de diverses publications (de 1894 à 1930), admettant qu’un fonctionnement en régime noyé était possible: Martel est donc l’un des tout premiers ayant observé des formes de creusement en régime noyé, et les ayant interprétées comme telles.

Laureate, 1997, Old Dominion University

University Yearbooks

1997 yearbook of Old Dominion University

Impact Of A Six-Trait Character Education Program On Sixth-Grade Students’ Perceived Attitudes And Behaviors, Cindy S. Baumgartner

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of a pilot character education program, called BOOMERANG, on students' reported attitudes and behaviors of six character constructs. The subjects consisted of 80 sixth-grade students enrolled in a small Midwestern town during the 1995-96 school year who were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The intervention consisted of a 16-week character education program led by trained high-school students for a weekly, 30-minute session, using a pilot character education curriculum designed by the researcher. The intervention program consisted of six character traits: (a) caring, (b) citizenship, (c) …

Illinois State Today, Volume 31, No. 2, Winter 1997, Illinois State University

Illinois State University Alumni Today (1983-1999)

Illinois State Today: A Publication for Illinois State University Alumni

Glycals : An Extended Study Of The Ferrier-Dimerization, Andreas H. Franz

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

C-linked disaccharides were synthesized from 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-D-glucal 1 (1,5- anhydro-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-1,2-dideoxy-D-arabino-hex-I-enopyranose), 3,4,6-tri-O- acetyl-D-galactal 2 (1,5-anhydro-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-1,2-dideoxy-D-lyxo-hex-1- enopyranose) and 3,4-di-O-acetyl-L-fucal 3 (1,5-anhydro-3,4-di-O-acetyl-1,2,6-tri-deoxy- L-lyxo-hex-1-enopyranose) under Lewis acid catalysis (Scheme 1) and compound 4 was further derivatized at the double bond. Dihydroxylation of the glucose dimer 4 gave high allo-diastereoselectivity. The reactions used in the derivatization of 1 were subsequently applied to 2 and 3. The overall yield of 3 was improved to 70 %. All three glycals (10% solution in toluene) reacted quickly with boron trifluoride to give dimerization products in 40-60% yield. Futile attempts at de-O-acetylation of the 2',3'-unsaturated dimer revealed the necessity of …

Lyceum: A Multi-Protocol Digital Library Gateway, Ming-Hokng Maa, Michael L. Nelson, Sandra L. Esler

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Lyceum is a prototype scalable query gateway that provides a logically central interface to multi-protocol and physically distributed, digital libraries of scientific and technical information. Lyceum processes queries to multiple syntactically distinct search engines used by various distributed information servers from a single logically central interface without modification of the remote search engines. A working prototype (http://www.larc.nasa.gov/lyceum/) demonstrates the capabilities, potentials, and advantages of this type of meta-search engine by providing access to over 50 servers covering over 20 disciplines.

Neither Free Nor Fair: The 1996 Bosnian Elections And The Failure Of The U.N. Election-Monitoring Mission, Christopher A. Riley

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The international community faced a difficult challenge after the Dayton Peace Accords ended the civil war in Bosnia. Free and fair elections became an essential component to establishing a democratic government in the war-torn country. The United Nations and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe responded by carrying out Annex 3 of the Peace Accords, which called for such elections. The resultant election-monitoring mission in Bosnia, however, was unsuccessful The elections were held under improper conditions. Therefore, the Bosnian people lack confidence in the democratic process, which is necessary for long-term democracy.

The Hawaiian Cave Planthoppers (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae) - A Model For Rapid Subterranean Speciation?, Hannelore Hoch

International Journal of Speleology

After the successful colonization of a single ancestral species in the Hawaiian Islands, planthoppers of the cixiid genus Oliarus underwent intensive adaptive radiation resulting in 80 described endemic species. Oliarus habitats range from montaneous rain forests to dry coastal biotopes and subterranean environments. At least 7 independant evolutionary lines represented by different species have adapted to lava tubes on Molokai (1), Maui (3), and Hawaii Island (3). Behavioral and morphological studies on one of these evolutionary lines on Hawaii Island, the blind, flight- and pigmentless Oliarus polyphentus have provided evidence for reproductive isolation between allopatric populations which may in fact …

Genetic Divergence And Evolutionary Times: Calibrating A Protein Clock For South-European Stenasellus Species (Crustacea Isopoda), Valerio Ketmaier, Roberto Argano, Marina Cobolli, Elvira De Matthaeis

International Journal of Speleology

We studied genetic divergence in a group of exclusively stygobiont isopods of the family Stenasellidae. In particular, we assessed evolutionary relationships among several populations of Stenasellus racovitzai and Stenasellus virei. To place this study in a phylogenetic context. we used another species of Stenasellus, S. assorgiai, as an outgroup. S. racovitzai occurs in Corsica, Sardinia and in the fossil islands of the Tuscan Archipelago, while S. virei is a polytypic species widely distributed in the central France and Pyrenean area. This vicariant distribution is believed to be the result of the disjunction of the Sardinia-Corsica microplate from …

Evaluation Of Groundwater Quality In Shallow Aquifers Under Cultivated Lands At Al Oha Area, United Arab Emirates, Waleed Nasser Ahmed Bin Braik

Theses

To assess the impact of application of chemical fertilizers in agriculture on the Quaternary aquifer at AI Oha area, United Arab Emirates, 76 groundwater samples were collected during February 1995 - March 1996. Samples were analyzed for major, minor and trace chemical constituents in the Food Control Laboratory, Abu Dhabi.

The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of collected samples varied between 500 milligrams per liter (mg/l) in the east and 3,500 mg/l in the west. Except for bicarbonate ion (HC03-), concentration of major cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺) and anions (CO₃^{2- …}

Postures Of Judging: An Exploration Of Judicial Decisionmaking, Daniel J. Solove

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This article pits Ronald Dworkin against Fyodor Dostoyevsky. The article critiques Ronald Dworkin's answer to the question of fit: how judges reconcile general legal rules with particular situations. Dworkin's heavy focus on legal principles under-emphasizes the importance of facts in judicial decisionmaking. Exploring how judges approach the question of fit from a more literary perspective, the article examines the posture of a judge - a judge's physical and temporal position in relation to the cases she adjudicates, a position which affects the level of generality with which a judge perceives the facts of a case and directly influences a judge's …

Working Together : A Conference On Doctoral Studies In The College Of Education At The University Of Northern Iowa, April 11-12, 1997, Joane W. Mckay

Faculty Book Gallery

This document is one outcome of the Invitational Working Conference, April 11-12, 1997, on Doctoral Studies in the College of Education at the University of Northern Iowa. Sponsored by the College Committee on Doctoral Studies and the Institute for Educational Leadership at the University of Northern Iowa, the conference gave UNI faculty in the College of Education, practitioners in the local schools, and candidates in the doctoral program the opportunity to discuss five main issues:

■ Distinctive Qualities of the Ed.D. Program

■ The Student's Role in Shaping Doctoral Study

■ Doctoral Research/Scholarship

■ Doctoral Program Delivery: Organization and Staffing …

A Qualitative Characterization Of An Introductory College Nonmajors Biology Laboratory, Cherin Ann Lee

Faculty Book Gallery

The nature of an undergraduate, nonmajors biology laboratory was investigated in this study. Student participants were enrolled in a general education biology laboratory course at the University of Northern Iowa. The researcher's purpose was to gain a characterization of the instructional format and laboratory activities experienced by students.

Interpretation of student and instructor responses enabled an insider's view of the biology laboratory. The laboratory period was consistently described by both students and instructors as having three parts, Beginning, Middle, and End, with the End being of special importance for conceptual development. The instructional format of the three instructors differed within …

The Relationship Between Knowledge Of Breastfeeding And Success In Breastfeeding, Sherry M. Knoppers

Masters Theses

This correlational study examined the relationship between knowledge of breastfeeding and success in breastfeeding. A convenience sample of women attending prepared childbirth classes in a Midwestern metropolitan area was used. The women were pregnant with their first child and planning to breastfeed. Gulick’s (1981) Information on Breastfeeding Questionnaire was used to test knowledge of breastfeeding before delivery and Rentschler's (1991) Breastfeeding Experience Questionnaire was used to measure knowledge and experience.

Roy’s Theory of Adaptive Modes (Andrews & Roy, 1991) was used as a theoretical framework. This study focused on the role function mode and role transition, looking at the secondary …

The Performance Of Children With Down Syndrome On The Bruininks Oseretsky Test Of Motor Proficiency, Erin Docter, Kristine Tyler, Victoria Van Horn

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to begin collection of nonnative data on how children with Down syndrome, that are educable and trainable mentally impaired, perform on the Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency - Short Form (BOTMPSF). The researchers collected data on children with Down syndrome between the ages of 4.11 and 13.7. Twenty subjects including 15 males and 5 females volunteered for the study. All participants were from schools and support groups throughout Holland, Grand Rapids, and Muskegon, Michigan. Each child was tested using the BOTMP-SF. Results indicated that children with Down syndrome perform significantly lower than children …

The Interdisciplinary Treatment Of Temporomandibular Disorder, Wendy Conlon, Amy Jones, Brenda Mitus

Masters Theses

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a chronic complex disorder that is treated by many health care professionals including dentists and physical therapists. The purpose of the study was to investigate the extent an interdisciplinary relationship exists between the dental and physical therapy professions in the treatment of TMD. This was accomplished by sending a survey questionnaire to 300 dentists in three midwestem metropolitan areas. The questionnaire identified treatment strategies and referral patterns used by dentists treating TMD. It is believed that the results of this study will bring attention to the advantages of using an interdisciplinary approach in the treatment of …

The Effect Of Cancer Diagnosis Information On The Anxiety Of Patients With An Initial Diagnosis Of First Cancer, Kim S. Allen

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of differing educational programs on state anxiety of patients with an initial diagnosis of first cancer. The Neuman Systems Model was used as the conceptual framework. The convenience sample included 40 patients in an outpatient chemotherapy clinic. The control group (n=21) received the standard cancer education, the experimental group (n=19) received additional cancer diagnosis information. The dependent variable, state anxiety, was measured using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Two-way ANCOVA demonstrated that, after controlling for pre-test trait and state anxiety, the experimental group who received additional cancer diagnosis information had …

Concurrent Validity Of Functional Reach In Community-Dwelling Elderly Women, Aimee Hosek, Kimberly Sackett

Masters Theses

The purpose o f this correlational study was to establish concurrent validity of functional reach, the maximal distance one can reach forward beyond arm's length without taking a step, as a measure of physical decline, by determining the relationship between functional reach and other physical performance measures. Subjects included 46 community-dwelling women over 65 years of age who performed the functional reach test, the timed Up and Go, and the 10-foot walk. Data analysis employed Pearson correlation coefficients. The association between FR and timed Up and Go and 10-foot walk was r = -.51 and r = -.53 respectively. After …

Nursing Students' Perceptions Of Clinical Instructor Behaviors That Affect The Development Of Self-Confidence, Debra E. Veltkamp

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine clinical instructor behaviors that students perceive as important in promoting or hindering their development of self-confidence. One hundred fifty-eight associate degree and baccalaureate nursing students rated 21 clinical teaching behaviors on the degree each helped or hindered their self-confidence as nurses and responded to two open-ended questions by identifying additional behaviors. Factor analysis of these behaviors revealed six dimensions of clinical teaching that characterized the instructor as: encourager, evaluator, discourager, enabler, benevolent presence, and resource. All behaviors contributing to the dimensions of clinical instructor were rated by students as helpful in their …

The Relationship Of Hamstring Length And Chronic Low Back Pain, Aaron Deline, David Doubblestein

Masters Theses

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most complex dysfunctions facing physical therapists today. There has been some research on the correlation between decreased hamstring length and LBP, but the results have been inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a direct correlation between decreased hamstring length and chronic LBP among males and females aged 20 - 60 years who are non-manual laborers.

Based on responses to a questionnaire thirty-nine volunteer subjects were placed into either the no LBP group or the chronic LBP group. The subjects were then tested bilaterally for hamstring muscle …

Knowledge Of Pre-Physical Therapy Students Regarding Admission Criteria At Grand Valley State University, Kerry Randolph, Beth Wieber

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine how informed pre-P.T. students at G.V.S.U. are about the admission criteria for the P.T. program. A qualitative design was used.

Twenty pre-P.T. students from G.V.S.U. participated in the survey portion of this study. Eight of these students participated in follow-up interviews.

The survey was used to collect information regarding knowledge of admission requirements and sources of information. A personal interview was used to further probe and clarify survey responses. Data was analyzed to identify common themes.

Results indicate that academic advisors for pre-P.T. students at G.V.S.U. are not used as a major …

Perspective Discrepancy Analysis Of Health Care Provider And Well-Elderly Regarding Environmental Fall Risk Factors, Deborah A. Bliler, Catherine I. Schenten, Kay A. Smaltz

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to discover the discrepancies in perspectives regarding environmental hazards in the home between the well-elderly and health care professionals.

Interviews, discussion groups, and review of a videotape were used to gather information. The interviews and videotapes were used to gain the health care professional’s perspectives and the discussion groups were used to gather the elderly’s perspectives.

This qualitative study found both similarities and discrepancies between the well-elderly and physicians. The major discrepancies were: 1) that the elderly and health care professionals are not entirely aware of environmental factors contributed to falls, 2) the physicians …

Strength And Neuromuscular Characteristics Of Female And Male High School Basketball Players, Diane M. Beach, Barbara J. Hoogenboom, Lisa M. Rose

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to identify possible differences in strength ratios and neuromuscular performance between high school female and male basketball players, as tested by concentric isokinetic testing using the Blodex® isokinetic system . We recruited high school basketball players, females (N=26) and males (N=27). All participants underwent isokinetic concentric testing of bilateral hamstrings and quadriceps at five speeds (60, 180, 240, 300, 450 degrees per second). Female subjects demonstrated lower hamstrlng/quadriceps ratios than males at 60 and 240 degrees per second. Compared with male subjects, the female subjects took significantly longer to generate maximum hamstring muscle torque …

A Comparison Of Postpartum Clients' And Nurses' Perceptions Of Priority Information Needs For Early Discharge, Karen E. Lincoln

Masters Theses

The purpose of this descriptive study was to compare the perceptions of postpartum clients and nurses as to priority information needs for early discharge. King's Theory of Goal Attainment provided the conceptual model. A convenience sample of 33 nurses and 62 clients was used for the study. A 50-item instrument by Degenhart-Leskosky (1989) was used to compare perceived maternal and infant needs.

Though the analysis of data suggested there were no significant differences between the clients' and nurses' perceptions, there were discrepancies in 14 of 50 topics, and in some mean rankings. Infant feeding appeared as top priority for both …

Perceived Sources And Level Of Stress Experienced By Student Nurses In Associate And Baccalaureate Degree Programs, Lori J. Kane

Masters Theses

This study examined possible differences in levels of stress and perceived sources of stress in student nurses attending associate degree programs and baccalaureate degree programs. A combination of Lazarus' theory of cognitive appraisal with Roy's Adaptation Model provided the conceptual framework. One hundred and sixteen students from a public university, two private Christian colleges and two community colleges participated in the study. The Student Stress and Coping Inventory (SSCI) questionnaire was used to measure stressful situations and/or experiences from students beginning the second semester of their first year in the nursing program. Reliability of the questionnaire was established at 0.91. …