Digital Commons Network^™

Methods For Tagging Whale Sharks: Insights Into Performance And Best Practices With A Focus On Clamp Attachments, Freya C. Womersley, Sofia Green, Alberto Garcia-Baciero, Ronan Conlon, Amy L. Jeffries, Matt J. Waller, Sara S. Ratão, Nuno Queiroz, Pedro Afonso, Gonzalo Araujo, Adam Barnett, Christine Barry, Michael L. Berumen, Farukhkha Bloch, Ginevra Boldrocchi, Camrin D. Braun, Ryan Caillouet, Constance Chapman, Jesse E.M. Cochran

Faculty Publications

Background: Biologging and telemetry have transformed our understanding of marine megafauna movement ecology. Yet, methodological constraints continue to limit data quality and deployment duration. Devices recording whale shark (Rhincodon typus) behaviours and movements have been used for decades, but they remain challenging to deploy and vary in success. Recently, spring-loaded clamp-based systems have emerged as one of the most widely used approaches to attach electronic tags to the fins of this globally endangered species. Currently, however, no consensus guidelines exist as to how to optimise this approach, potentially leading to continued underperforming deployments limiting analysis potential. Here, we synthesise experiences …

Acute Effects Of Accentuated Eccentric Loading On Mean Concentric Velocity During Resistance Training: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Jiahao Yang, Tsuyoshi Nagatani, Paul Comfort, Kristina L. Kendall, G. Gregory Haff

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) may acutely enhance the concentric (CON) barbell velocity after the additional eccentric (ECC) load is removed, however there are inconsistent results regarding the effectiveness of this practice within the scientific literature. Objective: The aims of the present study were to: (1) examine the acute effects of applying AEL, only on the first repetition of a set, on mean barbell velocity during the CON phase of the first 3 repetitions of the set and (2) investigate the influence of the magnitude of ECC load, loading differential and exercise selection on the acute effects of AEL. Methods: …

Dataset For Integrity Attacks On Time Synchronized Synchrophasor Data, Taylah Griffiths, Mohiuddin Ahmed, Chadni Islam

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Phasor measurement units, also known as synchrophasors, are a vital component within smart grids to determine the stability of the grid. These devices send synchrophasor data to phasor data concentrators that collate and analyse the data. Recently, synchrophasor communication data has become beneficial for the research community. However, datasets covering cyberattacks on synchrophasor data are not public. Having access to this data would aid in investigating mitigations against cyberattacks. This paper describes a public specialized dataset, known as ECU-PMU-FDI/TSA. The dataset contains synchrophasor communication data for cybersecurity mitigation testing. Three hours of communication data was captured, from a simulated testbed. …

Abcb5⁺ Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enable High-Ratio Cellular Augmentation Of Bone Grafts Without Loss Of Osteogenic Function, Jakob Hofmann, Tim Niklas Bewersdorf, Ulrike Sommer, Kai Borcherding, Karsten Thiel, Christoph Ganss, Matthias Gerstner, Markus H. Frank, Gerhard Schmidmaier, Mark Andreas Kluth, Tobias Grossner

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Autologous bone grafting remains the standard for reconstruction of bone defects but is constrained by limited graft volume and loss of osteogenic capacity when expanded with acellular materials. We hypothesized that allogeneic ABCB5⁺ mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can serve as a biologic cell source to augment bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) populations without impairing osteogenesis. Primary human BM-MSCs from five donors were combined with GMP-manufactured ABCB5⁺ MSCs at graded replacement ratios (0–95%) and cultured under osteogenic conditions for 21 days. Osteogenic potential was evaluated using complementary assays of mineralization, biochemical activity, and matrix composition. Robust osteogenesis was maintained across all groups, …

A Dynamic Framework Of Professional Identity Formation In Trainees For Low-Resource Settings: A Qualitative Study, Yilin Chen, Peixin Lin, Hengshun Du, Jiaxin Wu, Xuanhua Zheng, Mi Yao, Kai Lin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Professional Identity Formation (PIF) is a dynamic and context-dependent socialisation process; while existing research identifies various influencing factors, there is a paucity of cohesive frameworks that capture the stage-related internalisation of identity elements within practice. This gap is particularly salient in low-resource settings, such as China’s Rural-Streamed Medical Education Programme (RMEP), where substantial turnover and tenuous professional identity among trainees present significant challenges. Drawing upon the Ring Theory of Personhood (RToP) as a theoretical lens, this study aims to construct a dynamic framework for understanding PIF among RMEP trainees, thereby offering insights to enhance PIF for healthcare professionals in …

A Deep Learning Based Three-Stage Fusion Neural Network With Composite Adaptive Momentum Optimizer For Bangla Cyberbully Identification, Mahin Montasir Afif, Abdullah Al Noman, Kazi Abdullah Jarif, Md Emamul Arefin Islam, Sathya Narayana Sharma K, Mahfujur Rahman, Dipta Gomes, Kazi Tanvir, Md Obaidur Rahaman, Syed Mohammed Shamsul Islam

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Cyberbullying in Bangla social media is an increasingly critical issue, posing severe risks to mental health and online safety. Despite the growing need for automated detection systems, challenges such as limited linguistic resources and the nuanced characteristics of the Bangla language hinder model performance. In this study, we propose TriB-FNN, a novel and explainable three-stage fusion neural network, designed to effectively capture cyberbully in Bangla social media texts. The model integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) in a hierarchical pipeline. To optimize training, we employ a Composite Adaptive Momentum (CAM) Optimizer, …

From Proteome To Palate: Proteomics-Led Insights Into Sensory Quality In Oats (Avena Sativa L.), Clare E. O'Lone, Angéla Juhász, Utpal Bose, Haelee Fenton, Dini Ganesalingam, Allan Rattey, Michelle L. Colgrave

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Oats (Avena sativa L.) are a rapidly expanding ingredient in plant-based beverages, snacks and fermented products, where texture, flavour, aroma and colour shape consumer acceptance. A comparatively high lipid content (2–10% w/w) reduces milling efficiency and predisposes products to oxidative rancidity, while textural variation, bitterness and colour instability further constrain product development. The molecular basis for these processing and sensory challenges lies in the globulin-dominant grain proteome.

Scope and approach: This review synthesises advances in liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomics to quantitatively profile the four protein groups shaping oat sensory quality: storage, grain softness-related, lipid-associated, and metabolic and …

Labor Mobility, Managerial Evaluation Risk, And Corporate Performance Disclosures, Justin Hung Nguyen, Buhui Qiu, Cameron Truong

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study documents that managers of firms with greater labor mobility (LM) face higher personal evaluation risk (i.e., higher likelihood of performance-driven forced turnover), especially among firms with more transparent performance disclosures. Moreover, managers of high-LM firms tend to adopt lower-quality performance disclosures (i.e., lower financial statement readability, earnings quality, and accounting conservatism) to mitigate their personal evaluation risk. The effect of LM on performance disclosure quality is stronger for firms whose managers are more concerned about personal evaluation risk, but is weaker for firms headquartered in states that restrain mobility. Finally, low-quality disclosures by high-LM firms attract a valuation …

The Effectiveness Of Cluster Vs. Rest-Redistribution Set Configurations To Maintain Movement Velocity During Resistance Training: A Systematic Review And Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis, Tsuyoshi Nagatani, Christopher Latella, Jiahao Yang, Kristina L. Kendall, Shayne Vial, Paul Comfort, Eric J. Drinkwater, G. Gregory Haff

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Alternative set structures such as cluster sets (CS) and rest-redistribution (RR) are often used as a more effective method for preserving movement velocity during resistance training than traditional sets (TS). However, only a limited number of studies have directly compared CS and RR, and their relative effectiveness has not been comprehensively synthesized. The aim of this present study was to systematically synthesize the existing literature examining acute effects of CS and RR on movement velocity during resistance training, compare CS and RR using Bayesian network meta-analyses, and examine potential moderators of these effects using Bayesian network meta-regressions.

Methods: Two …

Trace Pfoa Synergistically Intensifies Nanoplastic-Humic Acid Fouling In Forward Osmosis: Mitigation Using A Mxene-Tio2 Substrate And A Ta/Fe3+ Interlayer, Roham Ghanbari, Javad Farahbakhsh, Mohadeseh Najafi Arani, Ratish Permala, Stefan Iglauer, Masoumeh Zargar

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Multicomponent fouling arising from the coexistence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), nanoplastics (NPs), and natural organic matter (NOM) remains poorly understood and limits membrane-based water treatment. Here, these interactions and their mitigation are examined through coordinated substrate-interlayer engineering in forward osmosis membranes. A hydrogen-bonded MXene-TiO2 (HMT) composite is incorporated into the polysulfone substrate to improve pore structure, hydrophilicity, and mass transfer, while a tannic acid/Fe3+ interlayer regulates interfacial polymerization and surface chemistry. Control membranes are employed to decouple the individual and combined effects of these modifications. Fouling experiments under single, binary, and ternary conditions reveal that trace PFAS cause …

Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, And Psychometric Validation Of The Team Emergency Assessment Measure (Team) Into European Spanish: A Multi-Perspective Study Including Peer-Assessment, Esther Leon-Castelao, Jose Luis Medina-Moya, Alejandro Durante-Lopez, Pedro Castro-Rebollo, Simon Cooper, Antoni Ruiz-Bueno, Jordi Bañeras

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: The Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) is the most widely used tool for evaluating emergency team performance, with robust psychometric evidence across multiple languages and settings. However, no European Spanish version has been validated, and no previous TEAM study has simultaneously assessed teamwork from four complementary rater perspectives: instructors from the learners’ own specialty, instructors from other specialties, self-assessment by the performing participants, and peer-assessment by observing peers. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and psychometrically validate a European Spanish version of the TEAM (s-TEAM) and to evaluate its reliability and validity across these four perspectives in emergency …

Sarcomerogenesis: Evidence, Context And Key Stimuli—Response To The Commentary By Power Et Al., Anthony J. Blazevich, Walter Herzog, João Pedro Nunes

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

No abstract provided.

Body Composition And Muscle Health Changes After Providing Vascular Imaging Results In Older Adults: Secondary Analysis Of A Randomised Controlled Trial, Jack Dalla Via, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Marc Sim, Abadi K. Gebre, Catherine P. Bondonno, Kun Zhu, Shelby Mullin, John T. Schousboe, Richard J. Woodman, Markus P. Schlaich, Moira Sim, Pawel Szulc, Douglas P. Kiel, Wai H. Lim, Robin M. Daly, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Joshua R. Lewis

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Provision of vascular imaging results has been investigated to prompt changes towards healthy lifestyle behaviours, but effects on body composition and muscle health are unknown. Aim: This secondary analysis of a 12-week parallel-group randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to explore body composition and muscle health effects of providing healthy lifestyle education (Ed) with and without abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) results. Methods: A total of 240 Australian community-dwelling older men and women (mean ± SD age 68 ± 5 years; 58% female; 57.1% with evidence of AAC) were randomised to AAC + Ed (n = 121) or Control + Ed …

Enhancing Independence And Social Connection: The Impact Of A Tailored Exercise Program On New Residents Transitioning Into Australian Residential Care Facilities, Stacey Scott, Annette Raynor, Julie Dare, Jennifer Grieve, Leesa Costello

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Transitioning from independent living to a residential care facility often results in a significant loss of independence, autonomy, and connectedness, leaving new residents with profound feelings of loss and grief. In light of these challenges, this study explored the potential benefits of a tailored in-house exercise program for new residents. Methods: The study took place in an Australian residential care facility and included four new residents (aged 72 to 88, 75% female), who participated in a 12-week tailored exercise program led by an exercise physiologist. A focused ethnographic approach was used to obtain a comprehensive data set, drawing on …

Experiences In Building Social Connectedness And Sense Of Belonging: Voices From African Migrants In Australia, Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu, Kelechukwu Enyinnaya Ahaiwe, Obed Adonteng-Kissi, Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor, Kerrie E. Doyle

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Strategies to address social exclusion often involve promoting social connectedness and a sense of belonging. Drawing from existing literature on social inclusion, social connectedness, and belonging, including the use of primary data, this study explored the experiences of African migrants regarding their sense of connectedness and belonging in Australia. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online with 16 African migrants living in Australia. Using purposive sampling, participants were recruited through community groups across various towns and cities. Interviews were conducted via Teams and Zoom video calls, and subsequently transcribed manually for thematic analysis. Findings highlight the necessity for interventions targeting isolation and …

Anaemia In Pregnancy In Rural New South Wales: A Retrospective Study Of Prevalence, Risk Factors, And Guideline Adherence, Yuanwei Zhang, Esther Adama, Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aim: To determine the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy in rural New South Wales (NSW) and assess the alignment of screening and treatment practices with the 2020 Australian Pregnancy Care Guidelines (APCG).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study at the Regional Hospital using records from 301 women who gave birth between 1st January and 4th September 2024. Data were sourced from eMaternity and PowerChart systems, focusing on haemoglobin and ferritin levels, demographic factors, iron deficiency risk factors, and birth outcomes.

Results: Iron deficiency was identified in 61.8% of women, with 6.0% diagnosed with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). These rates were lower …

Aluminium Based Hydrotalcite Like Compounds For Direct Lithium Extraction: A Critical Review On Crystallography And Structure Selectivity Design, Amin Sarmadi, Yasaman Boroumand, Mohammad Mahdi A. Shirazi, Magdalena Wajrak, Shayan Abrishami, Matthew Myers, Muhammad Rizwan Azhar, Amir Razmjou

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The accelerating demand for lithium is intensifying interest in direct lithium extraction (DLE) technologies that minimise the environmental footprint of conventional solar evaporation ponds. Among sorbent-based DLE concepts, aluminium based hydrotalcite like compounds (Al-HTlc), particularly lithium aluminium layered double hydroxide (LiAl-LDH), are considered the most mature sorbent options, offering facile lithium (Li+) recovery and high selectivity in highly saline chloride based solutions. Both properties arise from a distinct intercalation mechanism wherein Li+ and its counter-anions (e.g. Cl− or SO42−) are co-intercalated into the crystal structure upon brine exposure. Li+ selectivity arises partly from a steric match between Li+ (ionic radius …

Chlorinated Drinking Water Exposure Enriches Antimicrobial Resistance Pathways In The Infant Gut Microbiome: A Randomized Trial, Kimberley Parkin, Claus T. Christophersen, Valerie Verhasselt, Debra J. Palmer, Matthew N. Cooper, Susan L. Prescott, Desiree Silva, David Martino

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Water chlorination is essential for controlling harmful microbes in drinking water; however, the antimicrobial effects of chlorine-based disinfectants present in tap water may influence early-life gut microbial ecology.

Objective: To investigate the functional and compositional impact of chlorinated drinking water on the gut microbiome of infants.

Design: The waTer qUality and Microbiome Study (TUMS) was an Australian-based double-blinded, randomised controlled trial. Six-month-old infants (n = 197) received either de-chlorinated drinking water via benchtop filtration (treatment, n = 99), or regular chlorinated water (control, n = 98) for twelve months. Tap water and stool samples were collected at baseline and …

Effects Of Lower Limb Joint Manipulation On Squat Strength And Ankle Range Of Motion: A Sham-Controlled Double-Blind Randomised Cross-Over Trial, Reneigh Morley-Hart, Barrett Losco, Alasdair R. Dempsey, G. Gregory Haff, Sasha L. Aspinall

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: The back squat is a commonly prescribed exercise for developing lower body strength. The ability to squat can be affected by reduced ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DF-ROM), leading to limited squat depth and dysfunctional compensatory movement patterns.

Objective: To investigate the effect of high-velocity low-amplitude lower limb manipulations on 1 repetition maximum (1RM) back squat strength, sagittal plane ankle kinematics during a squat, and active DF-ROM in individuals with asymptomatic deficits in DF-ROM.

Methods: Twenty-six enrolled; Twenty-four analysed resistance-trained participants with asymptomatic deficits in DF-ROM participated in this double-blind randomised sham-controlled cross-over trial. Interventions involved high-velocity low-amplitude joint …

Graft Survival And Rejection With Repeated Human Leukocyte Antigen (Hla) Mismatch In Kidney Transplantation: A Retrospective Multicentre Cohort Study Protocol, Henry Guo, William Mulley, Narelle Watson, Rhonda Holdsworth, Anne Taverniti, Jon Downing, Alycia Thornton, Lucy Sullivan, Fiona Hudson, Christopher E. Davies, Ryan Gately, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Germaine Wong, John Kanellis, Wai Lim

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Candidates awaiting repeat kidney transplantation face substantial immunological barriers due to prior human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allo-sensitisation. Re-exposure to previously mismatched HLA antigens may increase the risk of acute rejection and premature graft loss. Although avoidance of repeat HLA mismatches (RMM) has been standard practice, emerging evidence suggests this risk varies according to the specific HLA allelic RMM and anti-HLA antibody profile to the RMM. Here we describe the protocol for a retrospective registry-based cohort study that aims to determine the differences in graft outcome between recipients who received kidney transplants with and without RMM, and to examine the …

Scalable And Interpretable Fraud Detection In Fintech: Evidence From A Hybrid Tabnet–Graph Neural Network Framework, Haseeb Ahmad, Istiaque Bhuiyan, Tanvir Bhuiyan, Ariful Hoque

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study proposes a fraud detection framework for FinTech that integrates tabular deep learning with relational graph reasoning. We address a key limitation of state-of-the-art tabular fraud models: their assumption that transactions are independent, despite evidence that modern fraud often arises from coordinated infrastructure reuse (e.g., shared devices, email domains, accounts, and addresses). Using the IEEE-CIS Fraud Detection dataset (≈590,540 e-commerce transactions), we develop a hybrid architecture that combines TabNet, chosen for its built-in interpretability on tabular data, with a GraphSAGE encoder trained on a leakage-free heterogeneous entity graph constructed strictly from historical training transactions. Unseen entities in validation and …

The Impact Of The Basel And Bamako Conventions On Hazardous Waste Trafficking And Environmental Governance In West Africa, Prince Nii Koi Kotei, Kwadwo Adusei-Asante, Shajimon Peter

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study examines the dynamics of hazardous waste trafficking and environmental governance in West Africa. It evaluates the Basel and Bamako conventions through the lens of environmental justice, environmental governance, and the global Race to the Bottom concept. It assesses the environmental governance models adopted by these conventions in West Africa and beyond and evaluates their effectiveness towards achieving environmental justice. This study uses a critical appraisal framework to assess the relevance, sustainability, enforcement, ethical consideration, equity and practicability of the Basel and Bamako Conventions. A total of 28 articles were rigorously selected from multiple databases. It was found that …

Women’S Empowerment And Child Stunting In Peru: A Nationally Representative Analysis, Marisella Chumán-Sánchez, Brando Ortiz-Saavedra, Leonardo J. Uribe-Cavero, Anita P. Llamo-Vilcherrez, Joshua W. Moxey, Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Child stunting remains a persistent public health challenge in Peru. Although women’s empowerment has been linked to improved child health, evidence on its domain-specific relationship with stunting remains limited. The objective of this study was to assess the association between women’s empowerment, across attitudes towards violence, social independence, and decision-making, and child stunting in Peru.

Methods: We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study using nationally representative data from the 2021 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES), including 16,650 mother-child pairs. Analyses of women’s empowerment were conducted in a sub-sample with complete SWPER data (n = 12,696). Stunting was defined as …

A Serial Parallel Mediation Analysis Of Pathways To Green Entrepreneurial Intention Via Educational Interventions, Teaching Methods And Personality Traits, Emefa Akua Amponsah, Victor Fannam Nunfam, Hafiz Adam, Maajid Zakaria Suleiman, Ebenezer Afrifa-Yamoah

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The complex interplay linking educational interventions with personality development in fostering green entrepreneurial intention (GEI) remains insufficiently explored within African higher education contexts. In addressing this gap, we examine the mediation effect of teaching methods (TM) and personality traits (PT) in the relationship among entrepreneurship curriculum (EC), university entrepreneurship support (UES), and students’ GEI in Ghana’s technical university ecosystem. Combining the Theory of Planned Behaviour with Social Cognitive Career Theory, we employed an explanatory cross-sectional design to investigate these relationships. Data collected from 1329 students across four Ghanaian technical universities were analysed using PLS-SEM to test a novel serial-parallel mediation …

Paternal Age And Offspring Bone Health And Body Composition At 20 Years: Findings From The Raine Study, Mia A. Percival, Kun Zhu, John P. Walsh, Marc Sim, Kara B. Anderson, Julie A. Pasco, Natalie K. Hyde

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aims: There is growing evidence supporting paternal contributions to child health. Previous findings from the Vitamin D In Pregnancy study suggest that advanced paternal age is associated with a range of poorer bone measures for offspring at age 11 years. Whether these associations are evident when peak bone mass is attained remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate associations between paternal age and offspring bone health and body composition at age 20 years.

Methods: Data from the Raine study, a multigenerational cohort, were used. Among 1183 offspring with total body DXA data (Norland XR-36 densitometer) at the 20-year follow up, …

Psychosocial, Mental, And Suboptimal Health Measures Are Not Affected By Provision Of Abdominal Aortic Calcification Imaging Results: A 12-Week Rct, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Catherine P. Bondonno, Jack Dalla Via, Marc Sim, Abadi K. Gebre, James Dimmock, John T. Schousboe, Richard J. Woodman, Kun Zhu, Pawel Szulc, Ben Jackson, Wei Wang, Markus P. Schlaich, Douglas P. Kiel, Wai H. Lim, Amanda Devine, Moira Sim, Robin M. Daly, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Joshua R. Lewis

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: The provision of abdominal aortic calcification imaging results can elicit cardiovascular disease risk–reducing behaviors. However, its impact on psychosocial, mental, and suboptimal health measures is less clear.

Methods: Secondary analyses of a previously reported 12-week, single-blind RCT including 240 community-dwelling older Australian males and females were conducted. Participants were provided with abdominal aortic calcification imaging results and cardiovascular disease risk–reducing educational resources (abdominal aortic calcification+education, n =121) or education alone (control+education, n =119). Psychosocial distress, mental health score, and suboptimal health status were estimated using validated questionnaires. Linear mixed models were used to compare changes between groups across 12 …

Secondary Outcomes Of The Early Collaborative Intervention Eaci On Salivary Cortisol Co Regulation In Preterm Infants And Mothers, Evalotte Mörelius, Charlotte Sahlén Helmer, Thomas Abrahamsson, Elvar Theodorsson, Ulrika Birberg Thornberg

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The Early Collaborative Intervention (EACI) aims to strengthen early parent–infant relationships among moderate to late preterm infants in neonatal intensive care. This randomized controlled trial evaluated whether EACI influences mother–infant salivary cortisol co-regulation in mother–infant dyads, as well as infant cortisol reactivity and breast milk exposure during early infancy. Secondary outcomes were assessed in 54 dyads in the intervention group and 41 in the standard care group at one and four months’ corrected age. Salivary cortisol was collected before and after a bath at one month and a still-face procedure at four months. Significant mother–infant salivary cortisol co-regulation was observed …

Sme-Team: Leveraging Trust And Ethics For Secure And Responsible Use Of Ai And Llms In Smes, Iqbal H. Sarker, Helge Janicke, Ahmad Mohsin, Leandros Maglaras

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing today’s business practices; however, their adoption within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) raises serious trust, ethical, and technical issues. In this perspective paper, we introduce a structured, multi-phased framework, “SME-TEAM", positioning trust and ethics as a driving force for resilience, competitiveness, and sustainable innovation within the area of business analytics and SMEs.

Using Scoping Reviews As Precursors To Systematic Reviews: A Typology And Practical Guidance Derived From Eight Worked Examples, Hanan Khalil, Zachary Munn, Christina Godfrey, Micah D.J. Peters, Ellen Davies, Fiona Campbell, Danielle Pollock, Andrea C. Tricco, Dawid Pieper

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives: Scoping reviews are often conducted as a precursor to a systematic review (SR), yet guidance on how this relationship should be planned, executed, and reported is limited. We aimed to illustrate, through worked examples, the ways in which scoping reviews can function as precursors to SRs and to derive practical guidance for teams planning linked or sequential syntheses.

Study Design and Setting: We undertook a methodological analysis of eight contemporary evidence synthesis papers and protocols spanning veterinary medicine, animal welfare, public health, mental health, occupational health, and patient and public involvement, identified through the authors’ knowledge of the evidence …

Leveraging Automated Machine Learning To Benchmark, Deconstruct, And Compare Frailty Indices For Predicting Adverse Spinal Surgery Outcomes, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi, Attri Ghosh, Philip J. Freda, Shane Shahrestani, Alena Orlenko, Justin K. Scheer, Jason H. Moore, Corey T. Walker

Faculty Scholarship

Frailty indices, composite summary scores of diagnostic codes, labs, or vitals, are widely used to assess patient vulnerability. However, their value in predictive modeling remains uncertain. In a cohort of 2,912 elective lumbar spinal fusions, we retrospectively evaluated two established indices, the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) and the electronic Frailty Index (eFI), against a curated set of 63 clinical features from electronic medical records. Using automated machine learning optimized logistic regression models, we compared predictive performances and feature importances of frailty indices, and their individual components, against curated clinical features. The curated clinical feature set consistently outperformed (measured by …