Digital Commons Network^™

Collusive Bidding In The Fcc Spectrum Auctions, Peter Cramton, Jesse Schwartz

Jesse A. Schwartz

This paper describes the bid signaling that occurred in many of the FCC spectrum auctions. Bidders in these auctions bid on numerous spectrum licenses simultaneously, with bidding remaining open on all licenses until no bidder is willing to raise the bid on any license. Simultaneous open bidding allows bidders to send messages to their rivals, telling them on which licenses to bid and which to avoid. This “code bidding” occurs when one bidder tags the last few digits of its bid with the market number of a related license. We examine how extensively bidders signaled each other with retaliating bids …

Przebieg Zmienności Stężeń Wybranych Zanieczyszczeń W Gazach Odlotowych Z Procesu Mokrego Gaszenia Koksu, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki

Robert Oleniacz

Continuous measurement results of selected constituent concentrations in the gases emitted to the air during the coke wet quenching process were presented and discussed in the paper. The measurements were carried out for the standard wet quenching tower. The research covered such substances as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide and a total content of hydrocarbons and hydrogen (combustible gases). Changeability of the substance concentrations depending of the quenching process duration was analyzed. Among other things the beginning of these substances formation, appearance of the maximum and the range of observed concentrations were taken into consideration. …

Reasons For Iraq War Lack Weight, David R. Keller

David R. Keller

No abstract provided.

Psychic Waste: Freud, Fechner And The Principle Of Constancy, Suzanne Raitt

Suzanne Raitt

Regulation Of Rac1 Activation By The Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor–Related Protein, Zhong Ma, Keena S. Thomas, Donna J. Webb, Radim Moravec, Ana Maria Salicioni, Wendy M. Mars, Steven L. Gonias

Ana Maria Salicioni

The low density lipoprotein receptor–related protein (LRP-1) binds and mediates the endocytosis of multiple ligands, transports the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and other membrane proteins into endosomes, and binds intracellular adaptor proteins involved in cell signaling. In this paper, we show that in murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and L929 cells, LRP-1 functions as a major regulator of Rac1 activation, and that this activity depends on uPAR. LRP-1–deficient MEFs demonstrated increased Rac1 activation compared with LRP-1–expressing MEFs, and this property was reversed by expressing the VLDL receptor, a member of the same gene family as LRP-1, with overlapping ligand-binding specificity. …

Teaching Against Communalism: Role Of Social Science Pedagogy, Ananya Vajpeyi

Ananya Vajpeyi

No abstract provided.

Estimating The Latitudinal Origins Of Migratory Birds Using Hydrogen And Sulfur Stable Isotopes In Feathers: Influence Of Marine Prey Base, Casey A. Lott, Timothy D. Meehan, Julie A. Heath

Julie Heath

Hydrogen stable isotope analysis of feathers is an important tool for estimating the natal or breeding latitudes of nearctic-neotropical migratory birds. This method is based on the latitudinal variation of hydrogen stable isotope ratios in precipitation in North America (iDp) and the inheritance of this variation in newly formed feathers (iDf). We hypothesized that the typically strong relationship between iDp and iDf would be decoupled in birds that forage in marine food webs because marine waters have relatively high iD values compared to iD values for local precipitation. Birds that forage on marine prey bases should also have feathers with …

知理的民主, 还是盲情的媒主? (中文完整版) = Informed Democracy, Or Involuntary Mediocracy? (Uncensored Chinese Rewrite), Xinshu Zhao

Professor Xinshu ZHAO

No abstract provided.

Dollywood Bollywood, Kembrew Mcleod

Kembrew McLeod

No abstract provided.

Screening At Worksite Applying The Framingham Heart Study Score., Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

The first evaluation of class of occupation and cardiovascular risk factors in a Brazilian sample of civil servants. 1) context: Cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of death in Brazil. The high-risk approach to cardiovascular risk factors by screening test at worksite is one possible strategy of prevention. 2) objective: to verify the impact of a risk factors screening according to occupational levels. 3) type of study: cross-sectional 4) setting: occupational division of University of Sao Paulo 5) participants: 6,587 employees aged 20 to 69 years-old classified according three occupational grades (non-skilled, both manual and non-manual jobs; technical; faculty). 6) …

Electricity Production By Geobacter Sulfurreducens Attached To Electrodes, Daniel R. Bond, Derek Lovley

Derek Lovley

Previous studies have suggested that members of the Geobacteraceae can use electrodes as electron acceptors for anaerobic respiration. In order to better understand this electron transfer process for energy production, Geobacter sulfurreducens was inoculated into chambers in which a graphite electrode served as the sole electron acceptor and acetate or hydrogen was the electron donor. The electron-accepting electrodes were maintained at oxidizing potentials by connecting them to similar electrodes in oxygenated medium (fuel cells) or to potentiostats that poised electrodes at +0.2 V versus an Ag/AgCl reference electrode (poised potential). When a small inoculum of G. sulfurreducens was introduced into …

Coastal Habitat Use By Wood Storks During The Non-Breeding Season, A. L. Bryan Jr., Karen F. Gaines, C. S. Eldridge

Karen F. Gaines

We documented roosting and foraging habitat use by Wood Storks during the post-breeding season in the coastal zone of Georgia from 1994-1998. Larger, more persistent aggregations of roosting storks typically oc- curred in enclosed wetlands on large estuarine islands. Smaller, more ephemeral aggregations tended to occur on salt marsh/upland ecotones, where storks appeared to be waiting for local conditions (tide levels) to become suit- able for foraging. Examination of habitat types within a 2-km radius of the larger (mean > 10 storks/survey) vs. smaller (mean <10 storks/survey) roosts showed that surrounding habitat structure, including those used for for- aging, were similar. Foraging storks typically fed in close proximity (median = 0.5 km) to large roosts, much closer than storks using coastal wetlands during the breeding season. Tidal creeks were used almost exclusively as foraging habitat (92%). Storks and other wading birds were almost always present when the study bird arrived. The foraging patterns of study birds and four storks carrying radios suggested that storks often used the same foraging sites and/ or marsh systems in the non-breeding season. Coastal Wood Storks apparently selected roosting sites based on the presence of conspecifics, abundant local prey, or possibly as shelter from adverse weather conditions

The Principle And Practice Of Women's 'Full Citizenship': A Case Study Of Sex-Segregated Public Education, Jill Elaine Hasday

Jill Elaine Hasday

For more than a quarter century, the Supreme Court has repeatedly declared that sex-based state action is subject to heightened scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause. But the Court has always been much less clear about what that standard allows and what it prohibits. For this reason, it is especially noteworthy that one of the Court's most recent sex discrimination opinions, United States v. Virginia, purports to provide more coherent guidance.

Virginia suggests that the constitutionality of sex-based state action turns on whether the practice at issue denies women "full citizenship stature" or "create[s] or perpetuate[s] the legal, social, and …

An Empirical Test Of Models Explaining Research Expenditures And Research Cooperation, Ulrich Kaiser

ULRICH KAISER

No abstract provided.

On The Nature Of The Electrochemically Synthesized Hard Fe-0.96 Mass Pct C Alloy Film

A.S. Md Abdul Haseeb

A hard Fe-0.96 mass pet C alloy with a hardness value of 810 HV has been electrochemically synthesized from a ferrous sulfate bath containing a small amount of citric acid and L-ascorbic acid. The nature of the alloy has been investigated by a number of techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Mössbauer spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and magnetic measurements. The decomposition behavior of the alloy is also studied and compared with that of thermally prepared martensite. It has been found that the electrochemically deposited Fe-C alloy exists in …

Satisfaction Of Orthognathic Surgical Patients In A Malaysian Population, K. K. Siow, S. T. Ong, C. B. Lian, W.C. Ngeow

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Thirty-one patients treated at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, were assessed for their satisfaction following orthognathic surgery. The female to male ratio was 22:9 with an age range of 17 to 36. Almost all patients (97%) listed appearance as one of their rationales for surgery. More males (78%) than females (59%) wanted functional improvement, while more females (91%) than males (33%) hoped for improvement in self-confidence. All patients reported esthetic improvement while 68% each reported improvement in mastication and self-confidence. Slightly more than half (52%) chose esthetic improvement as the single most important factor resulting in satisfaction. Almost …

Orthognathic Surgery In The University Of Malaya, W.C. Ngeow, S. T. Ong, K. K. Siow, C. B. Ian

Wei Cheong Ngeow

This is the first review on orthognathic surgery in Malaysia. The records of a total of 84 patients seen between 1977 and 1999 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya were analysed. Skeletal III deformity formed 85% of the sample with a female dominance of 2 to 1. The patients' age ranged from 17 to 36 years, with a mean of 25.3 years. The common surgical techniques used were combined bilateral sagittal split and Le Fort I osteotomy. The predominant ethnic group was Chinese (n=58, 69%); followed by Malay (n=14, 17%) …

Greek-Turkish Dilemmas And The Cyprus-Eu Accession Process, Neophytos Loizides

Neophytos Loizides

Greek–Turkish Dilemmas and the Cyprus EU Accession Process NEOPHYTOS G. LOIZIDES* Department of Political Science, University of Toronto, Canada This article compares the processes of foreign policymaking in Greece and Turkey in order to examine why the incentives and pressures of the enlargement process have failed until now to initiate a settlement in the Cyprus bicommunal negotiations. While most studies on the Cyprus problem have focused on the two communities of the island, little at-tention has been paid to the policies of the two ‘motherlands’, namely Greece and Turkey. Yet their leverage on the two Cypriot communities and their conflicting …

Growth Of Government And The Politics Of Fiscal Policy, Chetan Ghate, Paul J. Zak

Chetan Ghate

US government expenditures increased rapidly during the post-war period, then slowed in the 1980s and began falling in 1992. To examine the dynamics of the growth and subsequent reduction in government spending, we present a general equilibrium growth model in which politicians chose government spending to maximize support by their constituents. That is, output and government spending are endogenous and jointly determined. The model predicts that government expenditures will initially mimic Wagner’s law—the tendency for government spending to increase with GDP—but eventually diverge from output due to the growth of the welfare state. After government expenditures become large, we identify …

Imported Capital Dependency As An Economic Development Strategy: The Failure Of Distortionary Tax Policies In Puerto Rico, Joseph Pelzman

Joseph Pelzman

The use of tax holidays and other financial incentives designed to attract foreign investment is an old development strategy which like a magic pill has substantial negative side effects. There are many factors that influence the flow of investment across borders. An increase in the rate of return as exemplified by a deferral of taxes is but one factor among many including, but not limited to, the quality of host location infrastructure, the human capital of the participating labor force, the state of health care provision, the state of telecommunication coverage, etc., that enter a multinational’s decision tree and determine …

An Inexpensive, Accurate Method For Measuring Leaf Area And Defoliation Through Digital Image Analysis, Matthew E. O'Neal, Douglas A. Landis, Rufus Isaacs

Matthew E. O'Neal

We report a protocol using a common desk-top scanner and public domain software for measuring existing leaf area and leaf area removed as a result of herbivory. We compared the accuracy and precision of this method to that of a standard leaf area meter. Both methods were used to measure metal disks of a known area, the area of soybean (Glycine max L.) leaves, and the area removed by simulating leaf feeding with a hole-punch. We varied the amount of injury across a low, medium, and high degree of simulated feeding. The mean area of 10 cm2 and 50 cm2 …

Osaka University: A Focus Of Polymer Science: 70th Anniversary Celebration, Otto Vogl, Koichi Hatada

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Personalities In Polymer Science: Cover Page, Title Page, Introduction, And List Of Articles, Otto Vogl

Otto Vogl

A compilation of articles with short biographies of the scientists who played leading roles in the field and provided the basis of Polymer Science and Technology throughout the 20th century.

Kryptoperidinium Foliaceum Blooms In South Carolina: A Multi–Analytical Approach To Identification, Torstein Tengs

Dr. Torstein Tengs

Observations following the discovery of Kryptoperidinium foliaceum blooms in South Carolina (SC), USA, suggest that a multi-analytical approach, using a standard, minimal set of criteria, should be adopted for determining dinoflagellate species identity and taxonomic placement. A combination of morphological, molecular, and biochemical analyses were used to determine the identity of this “red tide” dinoflagellate, first documented in SC waters in the spring of 1998. Results from thecal plate tabulations (based on scanning electron and epifluorescence microscopy), gene sequence data, species-specific PCR probe assays, and microalgal pigment profiles were analyzed and compared to reference cultures of K. foliaceum. Comparative data …

Self-Consistent Three Dimensional Models For Quantum Ballistic Transport In Open Systems, Eric Polizzi, N. Ben Abdallah

Eric Polizzi

A quasi-three-dimensional model for quantum ballistic transport in nanostructures is proposed. The model goes beyond the Thomas-Fermi approximation and is numerically more tractable than the full three-dimensional Schrödinger-Poisson model. Its derivation relies on the strong confinement of electrons at the heterojunction which allows us to split the three-dimensional Schrödinger equation into a one-dimensional Schrödinger equation for the confined direction and a two-dimensional Schrödinger equation in the transport direction. The space charge effects are taken into account in a three-dimensional framework. Numerical simulations of quantum waveguide devices such as T stubs and directional couplers are used to illustrate the accuracy of …

The Social Ministries Of American Baptist Churches And Clergy, Sherrie Steiner, Donald Gray, Margaret Ferrell

Sherrie M Steiner

No abstract provided.

Subsets More Likely To Benefit From Surgery Or Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation After Chemoradiation For Localized Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Bruce Keith, Mark Vincent, Larry Stitt, Anna Tomiak, Richard Malthaner, Edward Yu, Pauline Truong, Richard Inculet, Michael Lefcoe, A. Dar, Walter Kocha, Ian Craig

Edward Yu

After chemoradiation for localized non-small-cell lung cancer, surgery and prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) have been used as additional therapies. Less than a third of patients develop brain recurrences, or have local recurrence as their sole initial site of recurrence; these are groups that would benefit from PCI or surgery, respectively. Pretreatment identification of patients more likely to benefit from surgery or PCI would be useful. A retrospective analysis of 80 patients was performed to determine prognostic factors for such patterns of failure. Twenty-nine patients were subsequently selected for surgery in a nonrandomized manner. Seventeen patients had isolated local initial recurrence …

The Existence Of Gender-Specific Promotion Standards In The U.S., Kathy Paulson Gjerde

Kathy A. Paulson Gjerde

This paper is motivated by the claim that promotion probabilities are lower for women than men. Using data from the 1984 and 1989 National Longitudinal Youth Surveys, this paper tests this claim and two related hypotheses concerning training and ability. It is found that females are less likely to be promoted than males, and females receive less training than males. The relationship between promotion and gender varies across occupations, however, suggesting that the alleged glass ceiling faced by women and other minorities in the workplace is not uniform across all labor markets.

Note: Link is to the article in a …

Prevention Of Inhalational Anthrax In The U.S. Outbreak, Ron Brookmeyer, Natalie Blades

Ron Brookmeyer

No abstract provided.

Western Frontier Or Feudal Society? Metaphors And Perceptions Of Cyberspace, Alfred C. Yen

Alfred C. Yen

The Article examines how metaphors influence perceptions of cyberspace. Among other things, the Article studies the comparison of cyberspace to the American western frontier and the metaphor's construction cyberspace as a "place" whose natural characteristics guarantee freedom and opportunity. This supports an often-made claim that cyberspace is different from real space, and that government should generally refrain from regulating the Internet.

The Article surveys the basis of the western frontier metaphor in academic history and popular culture and concludes that the metaphor misleads people to overestimate cyberspace's "natural" ability to guarantee freedom and opportunity. The Article accomplishes this in part …