Digital Commons Network^™

Patient-Centered Imaging In Dentistry, Erika Benavides Dds, Phd, Fabiana Naomi Soki, James R. Geist Dds, Ms, Angela M. Hoikka, Dds, Ms

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This clinical feature discusses joint guidelines by the ADA and AAOMR for patient-centered dental radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), emphasizing individual risk-based needs rather than routine schedules. It covers the principles of radiation safety: justification, optimization (ALARA/ALADA), and dose limitation. The article maps out specific imaging modalities recommended for caries, periodontal disease, endodontics, orthodontics, implants, and TMJ disorders. Additionally, it summarizes Michigan's administrative rules for X-ray installation shielding, equipment alignment, stable mechanical support, operator positioning, and the mandatory radiography training program requirements for dental assistants.

Synthesis Of Fe-Doped Porous Carbon Catalyst Derived From Coconut Shell Waste Using Ferric Nitrate Nonahydrate (Fe(No3)3.9h2o) As An Iron Precursor, Ilham Lestadi Putra, Sukarni Sukarni, Heru Suryanto

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Renewable energy from lignocellulosic biomass is a promising alternative to fossil fuels. Coconut shell (CS) waste is a favorable precursor for porous carbon due to its high carbon content, abundance, and non-food nature. However, conventional biochar often has limited surface area and catalytic active sites, hindering its effectiveness as a catalyst. While Fe-based modifications are promising, the use of ferric nitrate-assisted activation of coconut-shell-derived porous carbon remains underexplored. This research focused on developing an Fe-doped porous carbon catalyst from CS via ultrasound-assisted impregnation, followed by activation in a tube furnace. CS biochar was produced through pyrolysis at 550 °C and …

Unreliable Witness Warnings For Police Testimony, Florence Ashley

UBC Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Damage Done: How The Disease Model Of Addiction Harms Marginalized People In Canada, Sara Gordon

UBC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Revisiting Law Society Disciplinary Powers Over The Attorney General: Professional Discipline For Policy Decisions?, Andrew F. Martin

UBC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Playing Pretend: Why Indigenous Identity Fraud Demands A Crime, Olivia Meier

UBC Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Blackout Period In Aboriginal Law: Colonial Control Via Section 141 Of The Indian Act, Amy Swiffen, Kris Millett, Keith Cherry, Hannah Wyile

UBC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Algorithms In Battle: Ai, International Relations, And Future Warfare, Nikos Koutsoupias, Kyriakos Mikelis, Marios Nosios

Journal of Strategic Security

This study examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming contemporary warfare, with a particular emphasis on its applications in unmanned aerial platforms, sensor networks, and decision-support architectures. The analysis examines current operational uses, the algorithmic processes that enable them, and empirical insights drawn from the Russian-Ukrainian War. Findings indicate that machine learning enhances key military functions, including surveillance, navigation, targeting, fire coordination, and maintaining communication networks under conditions of electronic disruption. The emergence of loitering munitions and autonomous navigation systems reflects a pattern of incremental innovation, wherein automation augments operational efficiency without displacing human authority in decisions involving …

An Enduring Mission, Expanding Responsibilities: Reexamining Educating Students To Think Forty Years Later, Victoria Therriault

Learning Hub

This article reexamines the role of school librarians forty years after the publication of Educating Students to Think. It argues that the central mission of school librarianship, helping students locate, evaluate, synthesize, and use information thoughtfully, has remained consistent while librarians’ responsibilities have expanded. The article connects this mission to contemporary practices including inquiry learning, instructional collaboration, digital and media literacy, AI literacy, digital citizenship, equitable access, and instructional leadership. It also presents an updated framework and practical strategies for applying these responsibilities in modern school library programs.

Central Bank Financial Strength, Credibility, And Global Market Risk: Evidence From Southeast Asian Economies, Mega Fauziah, Hermanto Siregar, Solikin M. Juhro, Tanti Novianti, Sigit Wibowo

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This paper examines central bank credibility in the context of its financial strength, independence, and global market uncertainty in five Southeast Asian countries between 2005 and 2023. We find that the global market risk indicated by VIX reveals that these Southeast Asian economies, despite achieving considerable central bank independence and institutional development, remain fundamentally constrained by global market conditions in maintaining their credibility, measured by the difference between the inflation rate and its target in the same year. We argue that in emerging economies exposed to global uncertainty, central bank profitability, conditional on its independence, is vital for central banks …

Puzzling Behavior In Monetary Policy Transmission: New Evidence From Central Asian Economies, Elyor Davlatov, Judit Sági

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

The misidentification of monetary policy shocks typically produces the price, and the exchange rate puzzles in empirical studies. Numerous identification approaches have been introduced in the VAR literature, and these approaches have been applied to address anomalies in various countries. This study examines how well these identification approaches have worked in resolving price and exchange rate puzzles under state dominance in the financial sector in a highly dollarized and shallow financial market environment of Central Asian Economies (CAEs). First, a baseline Vector Autoregression (VAR) model with short-run restrictions is estimated using Cholesky factorization, with anomalous results observed for both prices …

Bank Soundness Index For Indonesia: The Generalized Dynamic Principal Component Analysis Approach, Yusita Octina Budiyanti, Nasrudin Nasrudin

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

In Indonesia, the Bank Soundness Index (BSI) serves as an early warning instrument for assessing the stability of Conventional Commercial Banks (CCBs) and Islamic Commercial Banks (ICBs). This study develops the BSI employing the Generalized Dynamic Principal Component Analysis (GDPCA) methodology and incorporates the fundamental indicators from the Financial Soundness Indicators released by the IMF. The BSI for CCBs is formulated using three primary components, with the Operating Expense to Operating Income ratio assigned the greatest weight. Likewise, the BSI for ICBs is constituted by three primary components, with the Liquid Asset ratio carrying the greatest weight. The developed BSI …

Oil Futures Reactions To Monetary Policy Surprises: A High-Frequency Analysis, Syed Mujahid Hussain Dr., Basel Awartani, Farrukh Javed, Iqbal Khadaroo Dr., Nader Virk Dr.

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

This study examines how oil futures respond to monetary policy shocks arising from FOMC and ECB target-rate announcements, using high-frequency data. The results indicate that both sets of announcements significantly influence oil futures prices. However, FOMC decisions have a more pronounced effect on oil futures, whereas ECB interest rate surprises predominantly have a limited impact on the oil futures return and volatility. The analysis further uncovers an asymmetric response to positive versus negative interest rate shocks. These findings enhance the understanding of how monetary policy surprises are transmitted to oil futures markets. Therefore, these results have important implications for policymakers …

Autonomy, Adolescents, And Artificial Intelligence, Michael J. S. Beauvais

Journal of Science & Technology Law

In this essay, I explore the potential implications of adolescent use of AI assistants on the development of adolescents’ capacities for autonomy. Thinking through these issues from the perspective of first principles is, I believe, needed in order to sharpen our understanding of some of the issues AI assistants pose for young people. A clear analysis will suggest which legal or policy prescriptions should follow.

I first give an overview of adolescent use of AI assistants, noting their popularity and the variety of use contexts. Drawing upon the work of Catriona Mackenzie, I then outline a relational conception of autonomy …

Front Matter

Journal of Science & Technology Law

No abstract provided.

Pornography And Men's Violence Against Women And Children: From Production To Consumption, Gail Dines Phd., Mandy Sanchez Phd

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

The average age of first viewing mainstream pornography for boys is around ten to twelve years old. The pornography they encounter is largely from “tube sites,” named after YouTube, which are popular because they require no registration, no payment, and no subscription. For the most part, an adolescent only needs access to a digital device to view hundreds of thousands of free videos. As we discuss in this article, the weight of the scientific evidence shows that viewing pornography is associated with multiple social, emotional, sexual, and cognitive harms. However, none of these studies provide a detailed analysis of …

When Protection Becomes Predation: Militarized Masculinity And Sexual Violence In Northeastern Nigeria, Tosin Osasona

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

The study investigates the structural and situational drivers of conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) perpetrated by state security actors in the context of Nigeria’s counterinsurgency campaigns in Borno State. Drawing on militarized masculinity and strain and deprivation theories, and using a qualitative, interpretive research design, the study argues that CRSV is not an isolated or episodic form of deviance by individual soldiers and security personnel but is embedded in routine military–civilian interactions. Advancing an interactionist explanation of CRSV in Nigeria’s Islamist counterinsurgency operations, the study demonstrates that the likelihood of sexual violence increases through the interaction of gendered institutional norms, operational …

The Revival Of Honor Killing In Iranian Kurdistan: A Sociological Analysis Of Gender, Land, And Identity, Parviz Sobhani

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

Honor is a foundational yet restrictive sociocultural construct in Kurdish society of western Iran. Transgressions of its boundaries, particularly by women, are historically met with violent sanction. Despite processes of modernization, honor killings have re-emerged as a conspicuous phenomenon in Iranian Kurdistan, suggesting an active revival rather than a passive residue of tradition. This study employed a qualitative, interpretive phenomenological approach. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 21 social scientists and researchers from January 2022 to February 2024 in Iranian Kurdistan.  A grounded theory framework guided the thematic analysis. Findings reveal a dual symbolic encoding of honor: it …

Mda Insurance - Online Open Enrollment Now Available For Mda Health Plan, Craig Start

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Craig Start, President of MDA Insurance, discusses health insurance planning for dental practices and families, introducing a new secure online open enrollment process through Employee Navigator for the MDA Health Plan. Running through October and November 2026, this online portal coordinates plan sponsors and employees to adjust coverage and add dependents. The article highlights other critical 2027 health coverage enrollment timelines, including individual marketplace plans and Medicare supplement choices, and emphasizes the personalized, cost-free advisory and claims advocacy services provided by MDA Insurance agents to support informed decision-making.

Udm Dean's Report - A Look At The Student Of Today As We Prepare Them For Tomorrow, Mert N. Aksu Dds, Jd, Mhsa, Cert. Dph

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

UDM Dental School Dean Mert N. Aksu discusses the profiles, expectations, and challenges of modern dental students, highlighting their collaborative nature, tech-savviness, and focus on wellness and work-life balance. The report outlines UDM's clinical curriculum enhancements, including systems-based biomedical integration, and extensive clinical practice labs. Aksu addresses the substantial 58% inflation-adjusted rise in educational debt since 2008 and updates on community service rotations (Corktown Clinic, Titans for Teeth), the implementation of the new Vermont Track for rural care, the adoption of AI radiographic analysis, and comprehensive student mental health support programs.

Aall Nasig Liaison Quarterly Update, Rebecca Bearden

NASIG Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Preserving Our Shared Memory: Updates From The Digital Preservation Committee, Ella Hitchcock

NASIG Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Nasig Autumn Conference Update, Amy Castillo

NASIG Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Counterintelligence At Its Core – Assessing And Preventing Foreign Espionage. By Kevin Riehle. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2025., Mike W. Parrott

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

Transitional Terrorism In South Asia: Understanding The Kuki-Chin National Front Using The Crime-Terror Nexus, Masrur Mahmud Khan

Journal of Strategic Security

The emergence of the Kuki-Chin National Front (KNF) within the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) has engendered considerable concern within the domains of domestic and national security. Although the group’s political objectives have evolved from secessionist ambitions towards demands for regional autonomy, KNF has simultaneously engaged in profit-driven criminal activities. Thus, KNF exemplifies a hybrid organization, embodying both political and economic imperatives and operating at the intersection of insurgency, terrorism, and organized crime. In this context, the present qualitative study adopts the ‘crime-terror nexus’ as its analytical framework, positing that KNF represents a hybrid entity defined by its dual political aspirations …

China’S Path To Dominance: Preparing For Confrontation With The United States. By Derek Levine. Boulder: Keypoint Press, 2025., Martin Widzer

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

The Polar Pivot: Great Power Competition In The Arctic And Antarctica. By Ryan Patrick Burke. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2022., Collin Thigpen

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

Parallel Failures: The Recurring Logic Of Interventionist Blunders From Ukraine To Mexico, Jerjes Aguirre Ochoa, Jorge Alejandro Vázquez Valdez

Journal of Strategic Security

This article argues that a potential US military intervention in Mexico, predicated on securitizing cartels as terrorist threats, would replicate strategic failures seen in interventions like Russia’s in Ukraine. Through a comparative framework of three variables—securitization, underestimated nationalist resistance, and neglected co-responsibility—the analysis shows how external force applied to structural crises provokes nationalist backlash. In Mexico, any intervention would reactivate historical memory of US interference, triggering broad institutional and social resistance. The core security challenge is not the cartels but Mexico's institutional fragility: systemic impunity, subnational governance deficits, and weak checks and balances. Therefore, militarized approaches are counterproductive. As a …

Complex Adaptive Resilience And Asymmetrical Balancing: Russia And The 2022 Sanctions Regime, Renny Puspitarini, Sartika Soesilowati, Kacung Marijan, Ahmad Iskandar Rahmansyah

Journal of Strategic Security

The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine prompted unprecedented Western sanctions, which amounted to more than 23,000 sanctions during 2022-2024. However, these sanctions failed to fulfill their designated objective of influencing the end of the Russia-Ukraine War. Russian responses to progressively augmented sanctions have sparked debates surrounding microeconomic sovereignty, macroeconomic adaptability, and, foremost, resilience. The article’s findings reveal that while sanctions have not brought the Russian Federation to acquiesce, they have catalyzed a structural, politically induced policy shift into a Complex Adaptive Resilience (CAR) framework. Russia's ability to build resilience against sanctions has been manifested structurally in its strategy to reinforce …

Was The Us Invasion Of Iraq A Mistake, Or Are We Missing The Emergence Of A Promising Democracy?, Robert Burrell, Arman Mahmoudian, John Pennell

Journal of Strategic Security

This study evaluates the long-term impact of the 2003 US invasion of Iraq on its democratic development, social stability, and regional geopolitics. Utilizing a comprehensive data-driven approach, including metrics on governance resilience, national morale, political dynamics, economic indicators, and security sector reforms, the research assesses progress over two decades. Findings indicate gradual improvements in Iraq’s democratic institutions, public confidence, and economic resilience, despite persistent challenges such as corruption, sectarian divisions, and regional influence from Iran and neighboring states. The analysis suggests that Iraq’s resilience and evolving political landscape could foster a nascent democracy capable of regional influence if key reforms …