Digital Commons Network^™

Foreign Direct Investments Into Fintech And Blockchain Technology Startups In Latin America, Y. Tatiana Clavijo, Hernán Pantaleón

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

Technology is changing our everyday lives at a faster rate every minute from artificial intelligence and medical advances in robotics to the upcoming self-driving cars. Every sector of our lives is being impacted, disrupted, and constantly altered by innovations, including our finances. In the developed markets, fintech, or financial technology, is the new and exciting area of product innovation for financial services. The innovations rely on the internet, blockchain technology, and the new and highly controversial digital currencies. Consequently, new digital platforms and mobile applications create new possibilities while being accessible to more people at a lower cost across borders. …

How Countries Seek To Strengthen Anti-Money Laundering Laws In Response To The Panama Papers, And The Ethical Implications Of Incentivizing Whistleblowers, Carmina Franchesca S. Del Mundo

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

The Panama Papers is currently the world’s largest whistleblower case that involved 11.5 million leaked documents and over 214,000 offshore entities. It all linked back to one Panamanian law firm, Mossack Fonseca. In 2016, over 400 investigative journalists collaboratively and simultaneously published stories that exposed the money laundering and tax-evading schemes committed by the rich and powerful. This included political figures and heads of states, celebrities, sports figures, criminal organizations, and terrorist groups.

This article aims to dissect the innerworkings of Mossack Fonseca’s asset-shielding strategy and investigate how the Panamanian law firm was able to circumvent the tax and anti-money …

Money Laundering In The Commercial Sex Market In The United States, Youngbee Dale

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

This paper describes money laundering techniques used by different criminal organizations operating in the U.S. sex market. Prior to this study, scholars have not investigated money laundering techniques used in the U.S. sex market in a comprehensive manner. This paper describes and categorizes methods used for money laundering. It discusses the similarities and differences in money laundering techniques in the U.S. sex markets. Current challenges to combating money laundering are reviewed and recommendations are made to strengthen the ongoing fight against money laundering in the U.S. sex markets.

Matter Of A-B-: A Decision That Absolves The United States Of Its Role In Creating And Promoting Violence In El Salvador, Yenis Vanesa Argueta Guevara

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Corruption And Its Effect On Economic Development In Chile, Mexico, And Brazil, Jennifer Lopez

Governance: The Political Science Journal at UNLV

In this paper, the effect of the perception of corruption on economic development will be explored. The research question addressed in this paper is: how does the perception of political corruption in Mexico, Brazil, and Chile affect their economic development? Economic development has increased significantly for all three states since 1990s, but for two of them it has been coupled with rampant corruption. The research question will be explored through a review of the current literature, a discussion of the methods, the presentation of the data and results, and finally a discussion about the results. In order to assess whether …

Commentary: Venezuelan Democracy: Bolivar’S Shattered Dream, Juan E. Chebly

Journal of Vincentian Social Action

Venezuela is one of the oldest democracies in Latin America, dating back to 1958, and has been under attack ever since.Venezuelan armies never conquered, they liberated nations. Led by Simon Bolivar, the Liberator, Venezuelans stood by their neighbors in their quest for freedom and many gave their lives to liberate six nations from oppression (Arana, 2013). Venezuela has served as a beacon of freedom in a land plagued by authoritarian rule over the centuries.

Corruption, Political Instability And Transnational Crime In The Country Of Guinea-Bissau, Brian K. Harte

Journal of Vincentian Social Action

Internationally, Guinea-Bissau is regarded as a ‘cocaine gateway’ and transition point for narcotics trafficking from South America to West Africa, and into Europe (United Nations, 2011). Furthermore, “many esteemed experts have asserted that West Africa, and Guinea-Bissau in particular, is crumbling under the pressures posed by this drug trade which threatens to turn the region into an epicenter of lawlessness and instability” (Bybee, 2011, p. 3). We will provide an overview of transnational crime, corruption and political instability that contribute to social unrest within the country of Guinea-Bissau.

Parameters – Full Issue – Autumn 2019, Usawc Parameters

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

FEATURES: Special Commentary: "Learning Lessons from Afghanistan: Two Imperatives" by Hew Strachan. "Afghanistan's Lessons: Part I" articles by Seth A. Johnston, Howard G. Cooms, Martijn Kitzen, and Christophe Lafaye. "World War II: 75th Anniversary" articles by Conrad C. Crane and Alexander G. Lovelace

Book Reviews, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

Celac: Mexican Foreign Policy Interest On Latin American And Caribbean Regionalism, Demeiati Nur Kusumaningrum

Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional

La Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC) was initiated in 2011 as a forum for dialogue and consensus between Latin American and Caribbean governments where it forms a trading block that excludes the United States and Canada. The US objected to the establishment of CELAC which seemed to challenges the former regional organization (OAS). This paper aims to analyze the considerations of the Mexican government to join CELAC in the midst of mutual agreement with US and NAFTA. Theory of formulation of foreign policy is used to answer the sources of political consideration of the Mexican government. It is …

Environmental Refugees? Rethinking What's In A Name, Elizabeth Keyes

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Russian Influence In Latin America: A Response To Nato, Mason Shuya

Journal of Strategic Security

Since facing international backlash from the West over the situation in Ukraine, Russia has had to focus on new international agreements. In retaliation for NATO expansion towards the east, Russia has sought to create these agreements in Latin America. Russia has specifically sought greater ties with Cuba, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Brazil, and Mexico. Currently, these countries maintain close economic ties with the United States. However, new military agreements are giving Russia greater military access to the region and access to locations that would facilitate greater ease in conducting military and espionage operations against the United States.

Demanding Justice And Security: Indigenous Women And Legal Pluralities In Latin America, David Carey Jr.

Journal of International Women's Studies

No abstract provided.

Land-Lodging-Labor: The Aesthetic, Ethic, And Political Causes Of Homelessness In Latin America, Emilce Cuda

Journal of Vincentian Social Action

It is impossible to talk about the homeless, understood as a lack of decent housing, without at the same time talking about the lack of work and the concentration of land ownership in one sector of society. “Homeless” in Latin America, and for the Argentine Pope, is the lack of land-lodging-labor. The problem of the three “T’s” in the Spanish Tierra, Techo, Trabajo is the question I will develop from aesthetic-ethical-theological foundations, according to the theological method of the Latin American teaching: See-Judge Act.

Combatting Narcoterrorism, Andrea Villa

University of Miami National Security & Armed Conflict Law Review

No abstract provided.

Multiple Identities: Touchstones In Terrorism, Democratic Institutions, And The Rule Of Law, Mary Frances Lebamoff

Comparative Civilizations Review

This paper explores the underlying, foundational politico-social theories and themes that relate closely to radicalization, terrorism, democracy and the rule of law. It examines factors (touchstones) critical to these areas (political violence, terrorism, rule of law and democracy, along with democratic institutions). Some of these touchstones include the ‘lenses’ of identities, tribalism, and contrasts between identities, including cultural, linguistic, socialization and civilizational aspects.

"Never Before In The History Of This Country?": The Rise Of Presidential Power In The Lula Da Silva And Rousseff Administrations (2003-2016), Mauro Hiane De Moura

Washington International Law Journal

After the impeachment of President Collor de Mello (1990-1992), Brazil finally managed to devise and implement an economic plan that, firmly based on economic science, eradicated the country's long-standing hyperinflation. In the following Cardoso Administration (1995-2002), new regulatory frameworks were introduced in several different sectors—the implementation and oversight of which were entrusted to Regulatory Agencies relatively insulated from the Presidency. Such a model, however, came under attack under the Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Rousseff (2011-2016) Administrations, ultimately leading to high levels of inflation, a severe recession, and the escalation of public deficit. This article indicates how, during the Lula …

The Latin-American Flavor Of Enforced Disappearances, Ariel E. Dulitzky

Chicago Journal of International Law

Enforced disappearances occur when persons are deprived of their liberty by state officials, organized groups, or private individuals acting on behalf of, or with the support, direct or indirect, consent, or acquiescence of the government. The deprivation of liberty is followed by a refusal to disclose the fate or whereabouts of the persons concerned or a refusal to acknowledge the deprivation of their liberty. Consequently, such persons are placed outside the protection of the law. As such, the crime and the human rights violation of enforced disappearance comprise many different types of state repression. Given this multiplicity of scenarios in …

Will Corruption In Argentina Prevent The Protection Of Personal Tax Information It Exchanges Under Its Fatca And Crs Commitments?, Jihan Jude

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

No abstract provided.

Transcript Of The Xii Annual Nlsir Symposium On “Sovereignty-Rights Dichotomy: Exploring Issues Of Migration, Refuge And Citizenship”, Nlsir Nlsir

National Law School of India Review

No abstract provided.

Addicted To The War On Drugs, Brendan Walden

University of Pennsylvania Journal of Law and Public Affairs

No abstract provided.

Suction Dredging In The United States: Current Regulations And Potential Paths Forward, Colin Arsenault

UC Law Environmental Journal

No abstract provided.

Drug Policy In Mexico: The Cause Of A National Tragedy—A Radical But Indispensable Proposal To Fix It, Ernesto Zedillo, Catalina Pérez-Correa, Alejandro Madrazo, Fernanda Alonso

University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Huachicoleros: Criminal Cartels, Fuel Theft, And Violence In Mexico, Nathan P. Jones, John P. Sullivan

Journal of Strategic Security

Criminal cartels and gangs dominate the illicit economy in Mexico. These organized crime groups challenge the solvency (specifically capacity and legitimacy) of the state in Mexico. Organized crime in Mexico is involved in a range of activities including extortion, drug trafficking, human trafficking, and petroleum theft. Criminal cartels, often called drug trafficking organizations, have diversified into other illicit activities specifically petroleum theft. This paper provides an overview of the rise of a specialized organized criminal entity: huachicoleros. Huachicoleros specialize in fuel theft and like their narco counterparts use corruption and violence to protect their illicit market. The rise of …

Fdi & Crime In South America: A Panel Data Analysis, Casey Doyle

Empirical Economic Bulletin, An Undergraduate Journal

This paper investigates the relationship between flows of FDI into South America and how it affects crime and how crime affects FDI. The paper incorporates a fixed effects model within an FDI model to examine how flows of FDI from foreign countries into South America impact crime in these countries. This study will use ten countries from South America in a panel data set from 2010 to 2016 that have different FDI intakes and crime rates. This is so that a well-rounded picture can be seen.