Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Conference

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
File Type

Articles 128761 - 128790 of 136280

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

General Report Session 10: Wave Propagation In Soils, Chaim J. Poram Mar 1991

General Report Session 10: Wave Propagation In Soils, Chaim J. Poram

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Go to article

A Numerical Solution Of Wave Equation For Dynamic Compaction Of Soil, K. B. Agarwal, B. Siva Ram Mar 1991

A Numerical Solution Of Wave Equation For Dynamic Compaction Of Soil, K. B. Agarwal, B. Siva Ram

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

It is a known fact that any disturbance at the ground surface, like the one created by vibratory, compactors or by application of blast pressure on detonation of a foamed propellant, is transmitted into ground until it is weak enough to travel deeper and farther. The ground acceleration at various points, induces compaction. The transmission of vibrations due to such surface dynamic loads are governed by the equation of motion based on Newton's second law. The equation of motion is presented in Euiler's Coordinates using tensor notation and is solved for surface displacements due to surface dynamic loads. These loads …

Go to article

Analysis Of Damping In Soil As Applied To Machine Foundations, B. M. Basavanna, M. S. Nagakumar Mar 1991

Analysis Of Damping In Soil As Applied To Machine Foundations, B. M. Basavanna, M. S. Nagakumar

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The parameters needed for the design of machine foundations are usually evaluated from the model block resonance test conducted at a given site. Sometimes it may not be possible to attain complete resonance and the test results may be limited to the ascending part of the response. In this paper the possible effect of damping on the values of the design parameters evaluated from the ascending part of response is examined and the nature of damping which gives realistic values of design parameters is presented.

Go to article

Damage Criteria For Small Amplitude Ground Vibrations, K. Rainer Massarsch, Bengt B. Broms Mar 1991

Damage Criteria For Small Amplitude Ground Vibrations, K. Rainer Massarsch, Bengt B. Broms

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

European codes and recommendations have been reviewed with respect to critical vibration levels, causing damage to buildings. It was found that the variation of the vibration threshold levels was large between the different codes. A rational approach to assess the damage caused by ground vibrations is proposed, based on wave propagation theory. The wave length appears to be the most important parameter. The damage potential was found to be greatest when the length of the propagating wave is equal to or shorter than the length of the building. The wave length can be determined from the frequency and wave propagation …

Go to article

Pile Driving Analysis: Two-Phase Finite Element Approach, P. Hölscher Mar 1991

Pile Driving Analysis: Two-Phase Finite Element Approach, P. Hölscher

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The pile-driving process is analysed using the dynamic finite element program SATURN. The soil is modelled as a two-phase (skeleton and water) axi-symmetric continuum. The elasto-plastic behaviour of the skeleton is considered. Energy dissipation due to radiation, plastic deformation and water-skeleton friction is taken into account. The importance of permeability of the soil, its strength and its dilatancy are outlined. The soil resistance under the toe is strongly influenced by the low compressibility of the water. The results of the simulations show that the non-linear soil behaviour around the pile toe cannot be simulated satisfactorily using a single phase material. …

Go to article

Dedication To Harry B. Seed, Shamsher Prakash Mar 1991

Dedication To Harry B. Seed, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Earthquake Potential Along The Hayward Fault, California, Glenn Borchardt, J. David Rogers Mar 1991

Earthquake Potential Along The Hayward Fault, California, Glenn Borchardt, J. David Rogers

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The Loma Prieta event probably marks a renewed period of major seismic activity in the San Francisco Bay Area. Particularly ominous is the historic record of major events a few years apart on opposite sides of the Bay in 1836 (N. Hayward fault) and 1838 (N. Peninsula, San Andreas fault) and 1865 (Loma Prieta segment, San Andreas fault), and 1868 (S. Hayward fault) (Figure 1). Recent preliminary measurements of the Holocene geologic slip rate of the Hayward fault are as much as 9 mm/yr (Lienkaemper and others 1989) - about 80% greater than the first Holocene measurements determined as recently …

Go to article

General Report, Loma Prieta Earthquake Sessions, Mary Ellen Hynes Mar 1991

General Report, Loma Prieta Earthquake Sessions, Mary Ellen Hynes

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Lifeline And Geotechnical Aspects Of The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, T. D. O'Rourke, H. E. Stewart, T. E. Gowdy, J. W. Pease Mar 1991

Lifeline And Geotechnical Aspects Of The 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake, T. D. O'Rourke, H. E. Stewart, T. E. Gowdy, J. W. Pease

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper provides an overview of areas in San Francisco which were affected by soil liquefaction and significant ground deformation as a result of the Loma Prieta earthquake. The distribution of pipeline system damage is examined, and comparisons are made between 1989 and 1906 patterns of water supply damage. Special attention is given to the Marina to illustrate how the natural site conditions and artificial fills contributed to soil liquefaction and buried pipeline damage of both the water and gas distribution networks. Finally, the liquefaction potentials of natural beach and sand bar deposits, land-tipped fill, and hydraulic fill are evaluated …

Go to article

Performance Of Earth Dams During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, Leslie F. Harder Jr. Mar 1991

Performance Of Earth Dams During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, Leslie F. Harder Jr.

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The October 17, 1989 Lorna Prieta Earthquake shook a large number of earth and rockfill darns. There were actually more than 100 darns within 50 miles of the fault rupture associated with this event. Although more than half of these embankments were less than 60 feet in height, a number of major darns were strongly shaken. In general, the darns performed satisfactory with one major darn and one minor darn developing moderate damage. A small number also developed minor to moderate cracking which required repairs. The great majority, however, sustained no significant damage. Although this result is quite encouraging, this …

Go to article

Prediction Of Loma Prieta Earthquake And Creation Of Awareness About It In Society, Arun Bapat Mar 1991

Prediction Of Loma Prieta Earthquake And Creation Of Awareness About It In Society, Arun Bapat

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Prediction of earthquake as an exercise of academic interest is one activity. Creation of awareness about seismic disaster and its mitigation is more broad base social activity. It is necessary that the predicted seismic event is likely to occur, people in the vulnerable seismic area should be told about the utility of macroseismic, short-term reliable earthquake precursors, which could be observed by common man. The happenings involving both the above cases for Loma Prieta earthquake are discussed.

Go to article

Study Of Co-Seismic Planetary Conditions For Earthquake Prediction, R. N. Ketkar, M. N. Viladkar, P. N. Agrawal Mar 1991

Study Of Co-Seismic Planetary Conditions For Earthquake Prediction, R. N. Ketkar, M. N. Viladkar, P. N. Agrawal

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The periodicities in the occurrence of earthquakes, as indicated by the cosmic conditions, have been traced by analysing the planetary data at the time of occurrence of more than 1100 earthquakes of magnitude, M 27.0, which occurred during the period 1896 to 1965. Correlation between the transits of planets in the sensitive areas and at sensitive longitudes in the zodiac and the seismicity of California and adjoining area has been shown. Based on the analysis, a method for forecasting earthquakes is also proposed.

Go to article

System Identification And Seismic Performance Evaluation Of Earth Dams, H. S. Sayed, A. M. Abdel-Ghaffar, S. F. Masri Mar 1991

System Identification And Seismic Performance Evaluation Of Earth Dams, H. S. Sayed, A. M. Abdel-Ghaffar, S. F. Masri

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A system identification technique is developed to provide dynamic properties of earth dams from their seismic records. The technique is utilized to assess the capabilities and limitation of analytical models in terms of dynamic nonlinear constitutive relationships as well as damping. The technique is based on the least square method using Gaussian hypothesis. Earth dams are modeled as a three-dimensional nonhomogeneous visco-elasto-plastic soil structure. The forward problem is solved using a Galerkin-Ritz formulation in which the solution is expanded using basis function, which is selected to be the eigenmodes. The spatial variation of the excitation is considered by using global …

Go to article

The Loma Prieta Earthquake: Implications Of Structural Damage, S. A. Mahin Mar 1991

The Loma Prieta Earthquake: Implications Of Structural Damage, S. A. Mahin

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The Loma Prieta earthquake provides a wealth of information on the seismic response of a wide variety of structures over a large metropolitan area. Soil amplification at sites distant from the epicenter contributed significantly to the substantial damages developed during the earthquake. Because of the large shaken area, the earthquake provides much useful information for all those interested in earthquake engineering. Structural damages resulting from the earthquake are reviewed herein with emphasis on buildings and bridges. Implications for modern design and retrofit methods are highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the need to carefully consider soil conditions, to treat the structure …

Go to article

Panel Reports: Discussions, Multiple Authors Mar 1991

Panel Reports: Discussions, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Soil-Pile Interaction Model For Earthquake Response Analysis Of Offshore Pile Foundations, Toyoaki Nogami Mar 1991

Soil-Pile Interaction Model For Earthquake Response Analysis Of Offshore Pile Foundations, Toyoaki Nogami

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Go to article

An Approach To Characterise Cyclic Deflection Of Piles In Calcareous Soil Media Under Offshore Wave Loading Conditions, Y. S. Golait Mar 1991

An Approach To Characterise Cyclic Deflection Of Piles In Calcareous Soil Media Under Offshore Wave Loading Conditions, Y. S. Golait

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Behavior of piles subjected to cyclic lateral loads due to wave action is an important aspect which needs to be evaluated for analyzing and designing these piles supporting offshore structures. The study on the model piles in calcareous soil media was therefore undertaken to investigate the cyclic pile deflection response under offshore wave loading conditions. The test results are analyzed and interpreted to evolve an approach to characterize the cyclic deflection behavior of piles under critical storm loading effect and normal wave loading action.

Go to article

Cyclic Strength Evaluation Of Rockfill Dams, Farhat H. Siddiqi, Richard J. Fragaszy Mar 1991

Cyclic Strength Evaluation Of Rockfill Dams, Farhat H. Siddiqi, Richard J. Fragaszy

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A method of modeling the cyclic behavior of gravelly soils containing particles too large to be tested in standard laboratory equipment has been described. This matrix model is based on the understanding that oversize particles floating in a matrix of smaller grains can be removed without significantly affecting the cyclic behavior of the total soil. Successful modeling of the total soil requires that the matrix be tested at the same relative density as that of the total material. Cyclic triaxial test results on two different gravelly soils are presented. Results of tests performed on the total soil with maximum grain …

Go to article

Experimental Study On Lateral Flow Of Ground Due To Soil Liquefaction, Yasushi Sasaki, Hideo Matsumoto, Ken-Ichi Tokida, Syoichi Saya Mar 1991

Experimental Study On Lateral Flow Of Ground Due To Soil Liquefaction, Yasushi Sasaki, Hideo Matsumoto, Ken-Ichi Tokida, Syoichi Saya

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A series of shake table tests is carried out on the lateral flow of the ground due to soil liquefaction during earthquakes. The model grounds are 6.0 m long, 0.8 m wide and their average height is 1.2 m. The slope of the ground surface and the lower boundary condition of liquefiable layer are varied, and the sinusoidal accelerations with a frequency of 2 Hz are inputted for 20 seconds. The deformation of model grounds, the excess pore water pressure of the liquefied layer, and the acceleration of the grounds are monitored. Based on the test results, the influence of …

Go to article

Large Scale Field Tests On Quaternary Sand And Gravel Deposits For Seismic Siting Technology, Makota Watabe, Takaaki Konno, Masao Hayashi, Sadao Suzuki, Kenji Ishihara, Koji Kitazawa, Kinji Akino, Yoshio Suzuki, Setsuo Iizuka, Takashi Matsuda, Tetsuichi Ukita, Kiyonari Mori, Tsutomu Yamazaki, Kiyoshi Nagai Mar 1991

Large Scale Field Tests On Quaternary Sand And Gravel Deposits For Seismic Siting Technology, Makota Watabe, Takaaki Konno, Masao Hayashi, Sadao Suzuki, Kenji Ishihara, Koji Kitazawa, Kinji Akino, Yoshio Suzuki, Setsuo Iizuka, Takashi Matsuda, Tetsuichi Ukita, Kiyonari Mori, Tsutomu Yamazaki, Kiyoshi Nagai

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The basic policy of Japan is to build nuclear reactor building on bed rock. But, in order to cope with the middle and long term siting problems it has become necessary to promote new siting technology from the standpoint of expanding the available range of site selections and effective utilization of land. The large scale field tests were conducted at the Tadotsu Engineering Laboratory, Kagawa Prefecture, of The Nuclear Power Engineering Test Center (NUPEC) as an entrusted project into the Siting Methods on Quaternary Deposits from the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), in order to verify the seismic …

Go to article

Measured Full-Scale Dynamic Lateral Pile Responses In Clay And In Sand, Matti Hakulinen Mar 1991

Measured Full-Scale Dynamic Lateral Pile Responses In Clay And In Sand, Matti Hakulinen

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In order to design machine foundations and to examine interaction between pile and soil, versatile horizontal dynamic loading tests were done to piles. In the tests both stiffness and damping values of piles were measured in overconsolidated clay and in earthfill sand. The stiffness of piles was analyzed by Winkler's spring method and the damping of piles with Gazetas' and Dobry's method. The measured and calculated values were almost the same when stiffness was considered. In damping the measured values were about 40 ... 70% of the calculated values. Very important in the calculation is to know which is the …

Go to article

Stress State And Stress Ratio Effects In Downhole And Crosshole Shear Wave Velocity Tests On Sands, Li Yan, Peter M. Byrne Mar 1991

Stress State And Stress Ratio Effects In Downhole And Crosshole Shear Wave Velocity Tests On Sands, Li Yan, Peter M. Byrne

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The effects of stress state and stress ratio on the maximum shear modulus, obtained from in-situ downhole and crosshole shear wave velocity tests were evaluated in the model tests. The hydraulic gradient similitude method was used to increase and control the model stress level. The downhole and crosshole shear waves were generated and received along the principal stress axes using piezoceramic bender elements. It was found that (1) the shear wave velocity is dependent upon the individual principal stresses in the directions of wave propagation and particle motion, and (2) only the stress ratio defined in the plane of wave …

Go to article

Tunnel Damage Resulting From Seismic Loading, J. S. Phillips, B. A. Luke Mar 1991

Tunnel Damage Resulting From Seismic Loading, J. S. Phillips, B. A. Luke

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Correlation of ground motion to observed tunnel damage has largely been based on estimates of ground motion rather than observations and measurements. In an effort to provide a data set that included both measured ground motions and documented tunnel response, an experiment was designed and fielded 0.5 km from a recent underground nuclear explosion (UNE) which had a body wave magnitude, mb, and a Richter local magnitude, ML, of 5.0. The data obtained in this experiment are summarized in the paper. The discussion centers on the applicability of the results of this experiment to the design …

Go to article

A Practical Assessment Of Site Liquefaction Effects And Remediation Needs, Geoffrey R. Martin, Kandiah Arulmoli, Chan-Feng Tsai Mar 1991

A Practical Assessment Of Site Liquefaction Effects And Remediation Needs, Geoffrey R. Martin, Kandiah Arulmoli, Chan-Feng Tsai

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper describes a case history where potential earthquake induced liquefaction is of concern at a site where a major housing development is planned. The site comprises inter-layer saturated loose to medium dense sandy silts, silty sands and soft clay layers to a depth of 35 ft. Liquefaction potential at the site was evaluated through the use of cone penetrometer test (CPT) logs and standard penetration test (SPT) data. Results of DESRA-2 effective stress site response analyses were also used to determine pore pressure response at the site for a given design earthquake, and are compared to liquefaction assessments conducted …

Go to article

Analysis Of Liquefiable Sand Deposits Using Gravel Drains, Zhi-Ying Xu Mar 1991

Analysis Of Liquefiable Sand Deposits Using Gravel Drains, Zhi-Ying Xu

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In this paper, based on the simplified assumption about seismic pore water pressure a partial differential equation of 3-D axi-symmetrical problem which takes into account of the generation, diffusion and dissipation of seismic pore water pressure is presented. This equation is then solved by the method of separation of variables and 5-function and a mathematical formula for residual pore water pressure is obtained. The formula can be used in the calculation and design of the gravel drains installed in the sand layer prone to liquefy. The computed results by this formula are presented in a series of charts which can …

Go to article

Deformation Of Coarse Materials Associated With Cyclic Loadings, Jiro Kuwano, Shih-Chang Chen Mar 1991

Deformation Of Coarse Materials Associated With Cyclic Loadings, Jiro Kuwano, Shih-Chang Chen

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A series of static and cyclic triaxial tests was carried out on compacted greywacke sandstone containing small amount of fines. Permanent strain of saturated or air-dried sample induced by cyclic loading was measured for different cyclic loading sequences, initial shear stress, and fine content. The shear deformation and strength of those samples were also investigated by monotonic loading on virgin and post-cyclic loading samples.

Go to article

Dilatometer Based Liquefaction Potential Of Sites In The Imperial Valley, F. Reyna, J. L. Chameau Mar 1991

Dilatometer Based Liquefaction Potential Of Sites In The Imperial Valley, F. Reyna, J. L. Chameau

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The liquefaction potential of several sites in the Imperial Valley, south California, is evaluated on the basis of standard penetration, cone, and dilatometer test data. The performance of the soil deposits at these sites during past earthquakes has been documented in earlier studies. Since the dilatometer parameter Kd is expected to reflect factors (e.g. fabric, prestress, preshaking, aging) affecting liquefaction potential to a certain extent (Marchetti, 1982), this paper primarily focuses on this parameter as an index for evaluating liquefaction potential. A tentative boundary curve (in terms of stress ratio vs. Kd) for evaluating liquefaction potential that …

Go to article

Earthquake-Induced Settlement In Soft Grounds, K. Yasuhara, T. Konami, M. Hyodo, K. Hirao Mar 1991

Earthquake-Induced Settlement In Soft Grounds, K. Yasuhara, T. Konami, M. Hyodo, K. Hirao

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Earthquake-induced settlements in clay is derived from both undrained shear deformation and post-earthquake volume change. The former is assumed to be time-independent while the latter must be time-dependent. To determine the characteristics of cyclic-induced settlements, the authors have carried out a family of cyclic triaxial tests followed by drainage on the plastic marine clay. In every test, shear strain and excess pore pressure were measured during undrained stage and volume change was measured during dissipation of excess pore pressure. In the present study, in particular, the results from cyclic triaxial tests were formulated in order to predict the variations of …

Go to article

Energy Approach For Liquefaction Of Sandy And Clayey Silts, Y. L. Cao, K. T. Law Mar 1991

Energy Approach For Liquefaction Of Sandy And Clayey Silts, Y. L. Cao, K. T. Law

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The liquefaction potential of sandy and clayey silts is assessed in this paper using an energy approach original developed for sand. Three series of laboratory tests were conducted to examine the liquefaction resistance of clean silt, sandy silt and clayey silt. The test results have been analyzed to establish a liquefaction failure criterion for silty soils. Based on this criterion, the case records of a new database have been studied and the results suggest that a single criterion can be used for sand, silt, sandy silt and clayey silt. For sandy or silty soils without clay content, the criterion is …

Go to article

Experiments On Soil Spring Constants During Liquefaction, Masakatsu Miyajima, Masaru Kitaura Mar 1991

Experiments On Soil Spring Constants During Liquefaction, Masakatsu Miyajima, Masaru Kitaura

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The present paper deals with the soil spring constant on pipeline in relation to liquefaction process. The soil spring constant is one of the most influential factors in evaluation of the pipeline failure induced by soil liquefaction. Laboratory tests were conducted using a steel pipe in order to obtain the hysteresis curve of pipe-soil layer system. Based on the experimental results, the authors propose a model of the restoring force characteristics which is represented by two soil spring constants K1 and K2. Furthermore, the authors investigated K1 and K2 in relation to the effective stress …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last