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Impact Of Employment Status And Housing Stability On Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence In Virginia, Samuel Deapeh Worgee
Impact Of Employment Status And Housing Stability On Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence In Virginia, Samuel Deapeh Worgee
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Tuberculosis (TB) cases have resurged in Virginia, yet the structural determinants shaping treatment completion among socioeconomically marginalized populations remain unquantified locally, leaving public health programs without state-specific predictive evidence. Grounded in the World Health Organization's social determinants of health framework, this quantitative, ex post facto study examined how employment status, housing stability, and social risk factors predicted TB treatment completion. De-identified surveillance records for N = 898 adult TB cases reported from 2020 through 2024 were extracted from the Virginia Electronic Disease Surveillance System and analyzed using a multivariable binary logistic regression, controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and radiographic severity …
A Spatiotemporal Study Of Environmentally Associated Pulmonary Diseases In Georgia, Jason Raymond Baum
A Spatiotemporal Study Of Environmentally Associated Pulmonary Diseases In Georgia, Jason Raymond Baum
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Exposures to particulate dust matter (PM10 and smaller) from aggregate comminution facilities (ACF) can lead to the onset of environmentally associated pulmonary diseases (EAPDs); acute and chronic asthma (Type I allergic hypersensitivity reaction), chronic pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and lung cancer. In this environmental epidemiological research study, three primary spatial and spatiotemporal research questions related to nonoccupational exposures from 118 facilities across Georgia were evaluated. Secondary data analysis was conducted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) 2018–2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and the Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Metropolitan Divisions to …
Strategic Planned Preventive Maintenance To Promote Sustainability In Acute Care Hospitals, Samuel Ngounou
Strategic Planned Preventive Maintenance To Promote Sustainability In Acute Care Hospitals, Samuel Ngounou
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite advances in healthcare delivery, acute care hospitals often lack standardized strategic planned preventive maintenance (SPPM) protocols, resulting in equipment failures, higher costs, and disruptions to patient care. The purpose of this integrative review was to identify evidence-based best practices for implementing SPPM programs in acute care hospitals. The review question concerned the organizational practices and strategic approaches most effective for implementing an SPPM program. The Donabedian structure–process–outcome model represented the foundational framework for this review. The initial literature search yielded 110 articles. After further assessment, 27 studies were appraised using the Johns Hopkins Nursing evidence-based practice tools. Three low-quality …
Sustaining Small Tutorial, Coaching, And Shadow Education Operations In Nigeria, Adeyinka Adebose Dawodu
Sustaining Small Tutorial, Coaching, And Shadow Education Operations In Nigeria, Adeyinka Adebose Dawodu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Some tutorial and training center managers lack effective strategies effective business sustainability strategies, resulting in poor performance and reduced profitability. Tutorial business stakeholders realize that failure of these centers creates a loss of opportunities for Nigerian youth who depend on their training and preparatory services. Grounded in the performance prism framework, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to identify and explore effective strategies that Nigerian Tutorial/training center managers use to sustain their centers beyond 5 years. The participants were six managers of tutorial/training business centers who have sustained their centers in nonaffluent areas of Lagos and Ogun …
Exploring Stigma In Access To Treatment For Women With Co-Occurring Substance Use And Sex Addiction, Maria Alejandra Knox-Lugo
Exploring Stigma In Access To Treatment For Women With Co-Occurring Substance Use And Sex Addiction, Maria Alejandra Knox-Lugo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite the high prevalence of substance use disorder among adult women in the United States, treatment engagement remains low, particularly for women experiencing co-occurring substance use disorder and compulsive sexual behavior. Although stigma is a documented barrier for individuals with substance use or compulsive sexual behavior in accessing and remaining engaged in behavioral health services, its effects on treatment access for adult women with co-occurring substance and compulsive sexual behavior have not been adequately scrutinized. The purpose of this generic qualitative study was to explore how human services and behavioral health professionals perceive stigma experienced by adult women with co-occurring …
Effectiveness Of Pancreatic Cancer Screening In High-Risk Elderly Individuals In Florida, Adeleke A. Aromolaran
Effectiveness Of Pancreatic Cancer Screening In High-Risk Elderly Individuals In Florida, Adeleke A. Aromolaran
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Routine preventive care supports early identification and management of health conditions among adults at high risk for pancreatic cancer. Evidence is limited regarding socioeconomic and health care access factors associated with engagement in routine preventive care among Florida adults aged 65 years and older at high risk for pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional correlational study was to examine these associations among this population. The health belief model served as the theoretical framework. Secondary data from the 2022 Florida Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analyzed for N = 4,032 participants using two multivariable binary logistic regression models …
Exploring Sub-Saharan African Immigrants’ Perceptions Of The American Criminal Justice System, Martin B. Kalala
Exploring Sub-Saharan African Immigrants’ Perceptions Of The American Criminal Justice System, Martin B. Kalala
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
This qualitative phenomenological study explored sub-Saharan African immigrants’ perceptions of the United States criminal justice system, including law enforcement, courts, and correctional institutions. Despite the significant and growing presence of sub-Saharan African immigrants in the United States, their perspectives remain underrepresented in criminal justice research. Grounded in critical race theory and informed by a narrative inquiry lens, this study sought to understand how race, immigrant status, and cultural background shape perceptions of fairness, trust, and legitimacy within the justice system. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 21 sub-Saharan African immigrants residing in the United States. The data were analyzed …
Relationship Between High-Risk Cytogenetic Abnormalities And Tent5 Mutations And Disease Outcomes Of Multiple Myeloma Patients, Erica Lea Richardson
Relationship Between High-Risk Cytogenetic Abnormalities And Tent5 Mutations And Disease Outcomes Of Multiple Myeloma Patients, Erica Lea Richardson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Multiple myeloma (MM) patients have the lowest 5-year cancer survival rates due, in part, to the time it takes for symptoms to develop and the presence of one to four high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCA). The Terminal Nucleotidyltransferases 5 (TENT5) subfamily, which regulates myeloma cell migration and tumorigenesis, may also increase the risk for developing MM and impact survival rates. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the number of HRCA and TENT5 mutation hits with disease outcomes in MM patients while controlling for the stage of the disease (i.e., I, II, or III) at diagnosis. The …
Phenomenological Study Of Protective Buffering By Afsoc Civilian Spouses During Military Deployments, Janell C. Cotton
Phenomenological Study Of Protective Buffering By Afsoc Civilian Spouses During Military Deployments, Janell C. Cotton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Protective buffering (PB) is used by civilian military spouses to withhold or deny stressful information or concerns to protect their spouse, others, or themselves, from upset or burden. This coping mechanism is commonly used during military deployments, yet is associated with negative physical, psychological, and social consequences. The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the lived experience of when and why civilian military spouses engage in PB during military deployments. Guided by the communication privacy management theory and the transactional stress and coping theory, the study examined the civilian spouses’ perceptions of their active-duty spouses’ stressors, and …
Teachers’ Perceptions Of The Challenges Related To Science Vocabulary Instruction In Wyoming Elementary Schools, Alexis Barney
Teachers’ Perceptions Of The Challenges Related To Science Vocabulary Instruction In Wyoming Elementary Schools, Alexis Barney
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Science vocabulary supports conceptual understanding, engagement in scientific discourse, and achievement across content areas. The problem addressed in this study was Wyoming’s low literacy and science performance, as indicated by standardized and national test scores, highlighting the critical need for improved vocabulary instruction to close gaps in content-specific terminology that hindered elementary students’ understanding and achievement. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore Wyoming elementary science teachers’ perceptions of challenges, instructional strategies, and recommendations for improving science vocabulary instruction. Guided by Vygotsky’s (1978) constructivist theory and the concept of the zone of proximal development, the study included …
Impact Of Sexual Orientation On Syphilis Diagnosis Among African American Men In Colorado, Emmanuel Bhatti
Impact Of Sexual Orientation On Syphilis Diagnosis Among African American Men In Colorado, Emmanuel Bhatti
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Syphilis remains an ongoing public health concern among African American men. Elevated rates during the COVID-19 pandemic further underscored the need for focused attention on this population. The risk factors driving syphilis diagnosis among African American men during a pandemic like COVID-19 remain poorly understood. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to examine the association between sexual orientation and syphilis diagnosis among African American men in Colorado. Social cognitive theory was applied to understand the interaction among sexual orientation, HIV status, age, and syphilis diagnosis. Sexual orientation categories include men who have sex with men (MSM), men who …
The Role Of Street-Level Bureaucrats In Relieving Food Insecurity Among African American Single Mothers, Andre Bakajika Kazadi
The Role Of Street-Level Bureaucrats In Relieving Food Insecurity Among African American Single Mothers, Andre Bakajika Kazadi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In Washington, DC, African American single mothers continued to experience food insecurity despite available assistance, as financial and bureaucratic barriers limited access to and utilization of these programs. This problem is relevant because identifying barriers to food assistance can inform recommendations to improve Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) implementation and effectiveness. Findings from existing literature, conducted primarily from clients’ perspectives, found that food insecurity remained prevalent among African American single mothers. However, limited research has examined the perspectives of SNAP workers, known as street-level bureaucrats, who implement food assistance policies and mediate access to benefits. The purpose of this generic …
Teachers’ Perspectives On Student-Centered Technology Integration, Kiyana Janise Bell
Teachers’ Perspectives On Student-Centered Technology Integration, Kiyana Janise Bell
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The problem that was addressed through this study was the inconsistent integration of student-centered technology among elementary teachers in an urban school district in the southeastern United States. Grounded in the technological pedagogical content knowledge framework, the purpose of this study was to explore teachers’ perspectives on the factors influencing their integration of student-centered technology. Using a basic qualitative design, semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 experienced certified K–5 teachers with at least 1 year of experience integrating technology into the curriculum. Data were analyzed through two-cycle inductive coding and thematic analysis resulting in six themes: teachers (1) demonstrated foundational …
Impact Of Physical Disabilities On Daily Life, Mobility, And Public Health Outcomes Among Internally Displaced Children In Nigeria, Winnifred Obeya-Ekoja
Impact Of Physical Disabilities On Daily Life, Mobility, And Public Health Outcomes Among Internally Displaced Children In Nigeria, Winnifred Obeya-Ekoja
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The growing population of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Nigeria presents significant public health challenges for children with physical disabilities. This study investigated how physical disabilities affect daily life, mobility, access to resources, and health outcomes among internally displaced children in IDP camps in Benue State, Nigeria. Guided by the ecological model of health behavior, the study examined caregivers’ experiences of children’s self-care, daily activities, environmental and interpersonal conditions, sanitation, and access to healthcare. A basic qualitative design used semi-structured interviews with parents and caregivers selected through purposive and snowball sampling. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s six-phase thematic …
Early Elementary Teachers' Experiences Implementing Concrete Representational Abstract Strategies In A Low-Performing District, Grace Sheree Bruce-Spence
Early Elementary Teachers' Experiences Implementing Concrete Representational Abstract Strategies In A Low-Performing District, Grace Sheree Bruce-Spence
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The problem addressed in this study was that early elementary students in an achievement zone continued to demonstrate low mathematics achievement, despite the district-wide implementation of the concrete representational abstract (CRA) instructional strategy, designed to promote conceptual understanding through scaffolded stages at a school district in the southeastern United States. In this district, an achievement zone refers to a cluster of schools serving historically underperforming students in high-poverty communities who receive targeted academic support. Grounded in Bruner’s constructivist learning theory, the purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore kindergarten through third-grade teachers’ experiences implementing the CRA strategy in …
Relationship Between Aleks Use, Implementation Models, And Grade 9 Students’ Achievement On Algebra 1 Summative Assessments, Deneen Alfordburke
Relationship Between Aleks Use, Implementation Models, And Grade 9 Students’ Achievement On Algebra 1 Summative Assessments, Deneen Alfordburke
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The problem that was addressed through this study was Grade 9 students’ achievement on the Algebra 1 New Jersey Student Learning Assessment (NJSLA) continued to be below the proficiency level that is defined by the state, despite implementation of Assessment and Learning in Knowledge Spaces (ALEKS) Algebra 1 software. The study was grounded in Doignon and Falmagne’s knowledge space theory (KST) which evaluates students’ current knowledge levels and guides them along individualized learning paths based on what they are ready to learn next. The purpose of this nonexperimental quantitative study was to determine whether the predictor variables Grade 9 students’ …
Enhancing Housing Stability Among Homeless Lgbtq+ Youth, Chaunita Lotoya Johnson
Enhancing Housing Stability Among Homeless Lgbtq+ Youth, Chaunita Lotoya Johnson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Studies on LGBTQ+ youth homelessness, specifically concerning causes, health outcomes, and barriers to access, have garnered increased attention from social scientists in human services. Applying Ecker’s work, this study addressed how intersectionality impacts homelessness among LGBTQ+ youth, highlighting disparities related to race, poverty, and identified gender. This study also explored the question of whether family rejection is a significant cause of housing insecurity among LGBTQ+ youth. The methodology featured collaboration with service providers and generating recommendations informed by empirical research and professional practices. A semi-structured interview protocol was used to collect data for this study, ensuring comprehensive findings while providing …
Effective Strategies For Retaining Employees And Increasing Workplace Productivity In A Changing Healthcare Environment, Marie D. Exantus
Effective Strategies For Retaining Employees And Increasing Workplace Productivity In A Changing Healthcare Environment, Marie D. Exantus
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Employee turnover and declining workplace productivity remain persistent challenges for healthcare organizations operating in a rapidly evolving industry environment. Healthcare leaders are concerned about employees’ intent to leave, as it is the strongest predictor of rising turnover, directly threatening both productivity and organizational stability. Grounded in equity theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry project was to explore effective strategies healthcare leaders use to retain employees and increase workplace productivity in a changing healthcare environment. The participants were seven healthcare leaders who had implemented effective strategies to retain employees and increase workplace productivity in a changing healthcare environment. Data …
The Impact Of Leadership Styles From Traditional Policing To Community Policing, Ryan Gates
The Impact Of Leadership Styles From Traditional Policing To Community Policing, Ryan Gates
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
This study examines leadership in a community policing context. It addresses a long-standing problem: injustice, inequality, and unfair treatment. Specifically, it examines community policing and the impact of law enforcement leadership, particularly servant leadership, on policing outcomes. Greenleaf’s Theory of Servant Leadership guided this study. Participants included mid- to senior-level law enforcement officers with community policing experience, at least three years of leadership experience, and at least 18 years of age. Recruitment occurred through social media outlets such as Facebook and Instagram. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 19 participants. Thematic analysis produced six themes: community engagement and partnerships; …
Fractured Identities: Military–Civilian Dissonance And The Well-Being Of Women Veterans, Melissa D. Smith
Fractured Identities: Military–Civilian Dissonance And The Well-Being Of Women Veterans, Melissa D. Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
For many women leaving military service, the path to civilian life involves a fundamental renegotiation of identity. Gender-specific pressures, institutional norms, and fractured belonging compound reintegration, yet the lived experiences of women veterans navigating competing identities remain underexplored. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand the lived experiences of women veterans at least 5 years postdischarge who struggled with identity dissonance between their military and civilian identities. The study was informed by reculturation theory. Seven women veterans participated in semistructured interviews, and data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis, revealing five themes: institutions, culture, and unequal …
From Service To Start-Up: Personality Prediction Of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation In Female Veterans And Current Service Members, Carolyn Flinn Gaskill
From Service To Start-Up: Personality Prediction Of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation In Female Veterans And Current Service Members, Carolyn Flinn Gaskill
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The entrepreneurial orientation of female veterans and current service members remains insufficiently understood despite their growing presence in the military and small-business sectors. Organizational leaders need to understand this concern as an important indicator of entrepreneurial potential, innovation capacity, and business development outcomes among women with military experience. Grounded in personality theory and the individual entrepreneurial orientation framework, this quantitative predictive correlational study examined whether the Big Five traits, individually and collectively, predicted individual entrepreneurial orientation (Ind-EO) among 135 U.S. female veterans and current female service members. They completed the Big Five Inventory-2 and the Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale in …
Healthcare System Barriers To Somali Refugees In Kenya, Zahra Sharif Hashim
Healthcare System Barriers To Somali Refugees In Kenya, Zahra Sharif Hashim
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Access to health care is a fundamental right of every refugee, yet gaps in implementing Kenya's Refugees Acts of 2006 and 2021 continue to limit access for Somali refugees in Dadaab camp. Existing research has documented resource constraints, movement restrictions, and other barriers to refugee health care, but how policy implementation gaps shape access in Dadaab has not been well explored. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to understand barriers to health care access for Somali refugees resulting from gaps in implementing Kenya's refugee health policies. The narrative policy framework guided the study. Data from semistructured interviews with …
Visual Arts Teachers’ Perception Of Integrating Visual Arts To Help With Student Core Content Achievement, Amanda Munoz
Visual Arts Teachers’ Perception Of Integrating Visual Arts To Help With Student Core Content Achievement, Amanda Munoz
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The problem addressed in this study was that local school districts in Texas do not offer a visual arts-integrated curriculum despite the known academic and social-emotional benefits for K–12 students. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of Texas K–12 visual arts teachers regarding arts integration to enhance core content learning. Grounded in Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory, the research questions focused on teachers' perceptions of arts integration and their recommendations for implementation. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with 10 K–12 visual arts teachers in Texas who had at least 1 year of teaching experience. …
Optimizing Advanced Ehr And Enhanced Data-Sharing And Reporting In Rural Health Clinics, Adaeze Honesta Duru
Optimizing Advanced Ehr And Enhanced Data-Sharing And Reporting In Rural Health Clinics, Adaeze Honesta Duru
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Rural clinics continue to face several barriers in utilizing advanced electronic health record (EHR) features, including interoperability, data sharing, and care coordination. The purpose of this integrative review was to investigate strategies to overcome barriers to the use of advanced EHRs and enhance data-sharing and reporting capabilities in rural clinics. The review question emphasized viable strategies for overcoming barriers to advanced EHR utilization and enhancing data-sharing and reporting capabilities in rural clinics. The consolidated framework for implementation research provided a conceptual model for understanding the various facets of EHR optimization. A literature search initially resulted in 135 relevant articles. After …
Implementing A Routine Fall Risk Assessment In Older Adults In An Inpatient Psychiatric Setting, Amaka Obi
Implementing A Routine Fall Risk Assessment In Older Adults In An Inpatient Psychiatric Setting, Amaka Obi
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The purpose of the project was to implement and evaluate a structured fall risk assessment process that promoted the early identification of patients at increased risk for falls and supported interventions designed to prevent fall-related events. A pre- and post-implementation evaluation design was used to assess the intervention's effectiveness by comparing fall rates before and after implementation of the standardized assessment protocol. De-identified data obtained from the electronic health record (EHR) were analyzed using descriptive statistics to evaluate changes in fall incidence and protocol adherence. The project findings demonstrated that provider-led, standardized fall-risk assessments improved screening compliance, provider adherence, and …
Personal Experiences With Remarkable Outcomes Of Stage 4 Cancer: A Phenomenological Study, Gail Firman Porter
Personal Experiences With Remarkable Outcomes Of Stage 4 Cancer: A Phenomenological Study, Gail Firman Porter
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Prayer as a source of improved physical outcomes for individuals with medically diagnosed Stage 4 cancer has not been thoroughly addressed in recent academic literature, despite an increase in individual reporting within nonacademic sources.. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of individuals in the United States who experienced remarkable healing from Stage 4 cancer after receiving Christian prayer for healing. Using the biopsychosocial-spiritual model as the conceptual framework, this study investigated the lived experiences of participants regarding their decision to seek prayer to heal their Stage 4 cancer, and its subsequent effects on their …
Workplace Loneliness And The Impact Of Social Connections In Distributed Teams, Belkys Stallings
Workplace Loneliness And The Impact Of Social Connections In Distributed Teams, Belkys Stallings
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Workplace loneliness is a growing organizational challenge as the rise of distributed teams reshapes opportunities for social connection and engagement. Business leaders need to understand this challenge because it is associated with reduced belonging, lower job satisfaction, diminished productivity, and increased turnover intentions. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the extent to which distributed team environments (remote, hybrid, or flexible) impacted workplace loneliness and whether social connectedness moderated this relationship. Social exchange theory, self-determination theory, and Weiss’s concept of loneliness grounded this study. The participants comprised 84 adults working full-time in distributed team environments across the …
Effective Strategies To Increase Employee Engagement Within Small And Medium Enterprise (Sme) Remote Workforces, Marion Catherine Hulse-Lawlor
Effective Strategies To Increase Employee Engagement Within Small And Medium Enterprise (Sme) Remote Workforces, Marion Catherine Hulse-Lawlor
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The prevalence of remote work environments has created challenges for small and medium enterprise (SME) healthcare leaders who must sustain workforce productivity while increasing employee engagement. Declining employee engagement affects not only productivity but also organizational effectiveness and profitability. The purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry research project was to identify and explore the effective strategies that some leaders of remote SME healthcare workforces use to improve employee engagement. Using engagement theory as the conceptual lens to guide the research project, six purposefully sampled United States business leaders who demonstrated successful engagement practices within remote SME healthcare workforces were studied. …
Electrical Leaders’ Effective Strategies To Reduce Workplace Fatalities And Injuries, Amy Clark
Electrical Leaders’ Effective Strategies To Reduce Workplace Fatalities And Injuries, Amy Clark
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Workplace electrical safety programs help reduce injuries and fatalities, yet some U.S. electrical leaders who manage safety programs and oversee safety issues lack effective strategies to sustain safe environments to reduce electrical accidents. Grounded in Heinrich’s incident/accident pyramid theory and behavior-based safety theory, this qualitative pragmatic inquiry explored strategies used by six electrical leaders who successfully reduced workplace incidents. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and document analysis and analyzed using Castleberry and Nolen’s inductive thematic approach. Key themes included hazard identification, controls, personal protective equipment and inspections, common challenges (time, resistance, complacency), communication and engagement, safety culture and leadership, …
Staff Members And Students’ Perceptions On Retention In A Trio Student Support Services Program, Gregoire N. Lee
Staff Members And Students’ Perceptions On Retention In A Trio Student Support Services Program, Gregoire N. Lee
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The problem that was addressed in this study was the low retention rates and consequent low completion rates of students who are low-income, first-generation, and/or disabled who did not participate in a TRIO Student Support Services (SSS) program at Urban University. Grounded in Tinto’s student integration theory, Dweck’s mindset theory, and Duckworth’s grit theory, the purpose of this study was to determine staff members and students’ perceptions on the helpfulness of the TRIO SSS program in improving retention from Year 1 to Year 2 at Urban University. For this basic qualitative design, semistructured interviews with nine students and four staff …