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Multiplicative-Additive Despeckling In Sar Images, Gülay Aksoy, Fati̇h Nar
Multiplicative-Additive Despeckling In Sar Images, Gülay Aksoy, Fati̇h Nar
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Visual and automatic analyses using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are challenging because of inherently formed speckle noise. Thus, reducing speckle noise in SAR images is an important research area for SAR image analysis. During speckle noise reduction, homogeneous regions should be smoothed while details such as edges and point scatterers need to be preserved. General speckle noise model contains gamma distributed multiplicative part which is dominant and Gaussian distributed additive part which is in low amount and mostly neglected in literature. In this study, a novel sparsity-driven speckle reduction method is proposed that takes both multiplicative noise model and …
Bases Of Polymatroids And Problems On Graphs, Hakan Kutucu
Bases Of Polymatroids And Problems On Graphs, Hakan Kutucu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In the paper, we present new theorems to show that a Hamiltonian path and circuit on an undirected graph can be formulated in terms of bases of polymatroids or extended polymatroids associated with submodular functions defined on subsets of the node-set of a given graph. In this way, we give a new formulation of the well-known traveling salesman problem including constraints in these terms. The main result in the paper states that using a special base of the polymatroid, a Hamiltonian path on an undirected graph can be solved effectively. Since the determination of a Hamiltonian circuit can be reduced …
Harmonic Reduction Of Svc With System Integrated Apf, Yan Xuhui, Wang Feng, Mahmood Ul Hassan, Muhammad Humayun
Harmonic Reduction Of Svc With System Integrated Apf, Yan Xuhui, Wang Feng, Mahmood Ul Hassan, Muhammad Humayun
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Static var compensators (svcs) are widely used to compensate for reactive power in a system. The hybrid active power filter (hapf) in combination with svc has extensively been studied in the literature to reduce harmonics generated by the svc. This study proposes a new topology of svc for three-phase systems based on a three-phase thyristor-control reactor (tcr). The harmonics generated by the tcr are minimized by an active power filter (apf), which can be realized by a reduced resonant capacitor size. A control strategy comprising feedback and feedforward control is employed to achieve good harmonic reduction and fast transient response. …
Quasi-Physical Modeling Of Robot Irb 120 Using Simscape Multibody For Dynamicand Control Simulation, Truc Le Ngoc, Tung Lam Nguyen
Quasi-Physical Modeling Of Robot Irb 120 Using Simscape Multibody For Dynamicand Control Simulation, Truc Le Ngoc, Tung Lam Nguyen
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The mathematical model of robot that is used to design control algorithms is mostly reused in numerical simulations as a virtual plant. The use of same model for both control design and simulation tasks makes the outcome idealized. Consequently, the effectiveness and feasibility of designed control methodologies when applied in practice seem to be questionable. The paper presents the quasi-physical modeling of a 6-DOF robot using MATLAB/Simscape Multibody for dynamic and control simulation. The bodies of the robot are assembled into a physical network with connections that represent physical domains. The dynamical manners of the quasi-physical model are close to …
Performance Analysis Of A Fuzzy Disparity Selector For Stereo Matching Of Imagesegments Under Radiometric Variations, Akhil Appu Shetty, Vadakekara Itty George, Chempi Gurudas Nayak, Raviraj Shetty
Performance Analysis Of A Fuzzy Disparity Selector For Stereo Matching Of Imagesegments Under Radiometric Variations, Akhil Appu Shetty, Vadakekara Itty George, Chempi Gurudas Nayak, Raviraj Shetty
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Stereo matching algorithms generate disparity maps, which contain the depth information of the environment, from two or more images of a scene taken from different viewpoints. The process of obtaining dense disparity maps is a problem which is still being actively researched. The presence of radiometric differences in the images only further complicates the stereo matching problem. In the present research work, the images are initially split into small patches of pixels, such that pixels in each patch have similar intensities. The authors attempt to study the effect of the parameters, namely, tuning parameter `?? and the number of segments, …
Improvement Of The Distribution Network State Estimation With Increase Ofaccurate Information And Using A Two-Step Method, Karim Amiri, Rasool Kazemzadeh
Improvement Of The Distribution Network State Estimation With Increase Ofaccurate Information And Using A Two-Step Method, Karim Amiri, Rasool Kazemzadeh
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Distribution networks (DNs) are gradually changing and this makes their control and utilization complicated. State estimation (SE) plays a significant role in active distribution networks. The performance of the energy management center in modern distribution networks is highly dependent on the results obtained from the SE. In the present study, considering the shortage of measurements in the DN, a two-step state estimation method with a new network reduction process (NRP) is proposed. In the proposed method, a new NRP is used in a two-step state estimation method to improve the performance of SE in a DN. Obtaining accurate initial information …
An Efficient Reliability Simulation Tool For Lifetime-Aware Analog Circuit Synthesis, Engi̇n Afacan
An Efficient Reliability Simulation Tool For Lifetime-Aware Analog Circuit Synthesis, Engi̇n Afacan
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Time-dependent degradation (aging) has become more severe in modern CMOS technologies. Therefore, it is highly critical to capture the variation effects and design reliable circuits against aging. Simulation of time-dependent variations is quite complicated since the degradation is a function of time, where the step count of simulation directly affects the accuracy and the efficiency of the analysis. Commercial simulator tools use a constant step count during reliability simulations, in which choosing a large step count degrades the efficiency whereas keeping it small may result in accuracy problems. To overcome this bottleneck, a couple of different approaches have been proposed …
Dynamic Optimal Management Of A Hybrid Microgrid Based On Weather Forecasts, Hamadi Bouaicha, Emily Craparo, Habib Dallagi, Samir Nejim
Dynamic Optimal Management Of A Hybrid Microgrid Based On Weather Forecasts, Hamadi Bouaicha, Emily Craparo, Habib Dallagi, Samir Nejim
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Hybrid microgrids containing both renewable and conventional power sources are becoming increasingly attractive for a variety of reasons. However, intermittency of renewable power production and uncertainty in future load prediction increase risks of electric grid instability and, by consequence, restrict the portion of renewable power production in microgrids. In order, to prefigure the upcoming renewable power production, particularly, wind power and photovoltaic power, we suggest using weather forecasts. In addition to illustrating short term renewable power prediction based on ensemble weather forecasts, this paper focuses on optimizing the management of distributed power generation, power storage, and power exchange with the …
Transmit Antenna Selection Schemes For Stbc-Sm, Belal Asaati, Ammar Abu Hudrouss
Transmit Antenna Selection Schemes For Stbc-Sm, Belal Asaati, Ammar Abu Hudrouss
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The coupling of space-time block codes (STBCs) with the spatial modulation (SM) scheme can introduce a spatial diversity to the SM systems. This paper presents antenna selection techniques to provide an additional coding gain with the space-time block coded spatial modulation (STBC-SM). Specifically, the selection of optimal transmit antenna elements at the transmitter to send a spatially modulated space-time block code is studied. This paper studies the effects of applying the capacity optimized antenna selection (COAS) algorithm with the STBC-SM. The COAS algorithm has a suboptimal performance with a trade-off between complexity and bit-error-rate (BER) enhancement. Simulation results for STBC-SM …
The Quantum Version Of The Shifted Power Method And Its Application Inquadratic Binary Optimization, Ammar Daşkin
The Quantum Version Of The Shifted Power Method And Its Application Inquadratic Binary Optimization, Ammar Daşkin
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this paper, we present a direct quantum adaptation of the classical shifted power method. The method is very similar to the iterative phase estimation algorithm; however, it does not require any initial estimate of an eigenvector, and as in the classical case its convergence and the required number of iterations are directly related to the eigengap. If the amount of the gap is in the order of $1/poly(n)$, then the algorithm can converge to the dominant eigenvalue in $O(poly(n))$ time. The method can be potentially used for solving any eigenvalue related problem and finding minimum/maximum of a data set …
Passenger Scoring For Free-Pass Promotion In Public Transportation, Ufuk Demi̇r Alan, Derya Bi̇rant
Passenger Scoring For Free-Pass Promotion In Public Transportation, Ufuk Demi̇r Alan, Derya Bi̇rant
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The focus of promotions targeted to increase the use of public transportation concentrates on increasing the attractiveness of it, particularly by decreasing transportation fares. To serve that purpose, this paper proposes a novel passenger scoring model, namely RFLT (recency, frequency, loyalty, and time), for offering a free-pass promotion in public transportation. It presents the comparison results of RFLT and wRFLT (weighted version) using a real-world dataset obtained by a near field communication (NFC) mobile payment application. The experimental results show that the w-RFLT model provides a more balanced score distribution than the RFLT model, and the frequency parameter (F), among …
A Content-Based Recommender System For Choosing Universities, Miftahul Jannat Mokarrama, Sumi Khatun, Mohammad Shamsul Arefin
A Content-Based Recommender System For Choosing Universities, Miftahul Jannat Mokarrama, Sumi Khatun, Mohammad Shamsul Arefin
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Recommender system (RS) is a knowledge discovery and decision-making system that has been extensively used in a myriad of applications to assist people in making distinct choices from vast sources. This paper proposes a recommendation system that will help the prospective students of Bangladesh in choosing the most suitable private universities for getting admission. Since selecting the best private university does not depend merely on a few criteria or choices and making a decision considering all those criteria is not an easy task, a recommendation system can be of great assistance in this scenario for the prospective students. In this …
Improving Performance Of Indoor Localization Using Compressive Sensing Andnormal Hedge Algorithm, Saeid Hassanhosseini, Mohammad Reza Taban, Jamshid Abouei, Arash Mohammadi
Improving Performance Of Indoor Localization Using Compressive Sensing Andnormal Hedge Algorithm, Saeid Hassanhosseini, Mohammad Reza Taban, Jamshid Abouei, Arash Mohammadi
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Accurate indoor localization technologies are currently in high demand in wireless sensor networks, which strongly drive the development of various wireless applications including healthcare monitoring, patient tracking and endoscopic capsule localization. The precise position determination requires exact estimation of the time varying characteristics of wireless channels. In this paper, we address this issue and propose a three-phased scheme, which employs an optimal single stage TDOA/FDOA/AOA indoor localization based on spatial sparsity. The first contribution is to formulate the received unknown signals from the emitter as a compressive sensing problem. Then, we solve an $\ell_1$ minimization problem to localize the emitter's …
Replica Bias Circuit For Common-Source Amplifier, Burak Kelleci̇
Replica Bias Circuit For Common-Source Amplifier, Burak Kelleci̇
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
A replica bias circuit to set the current of common-source amplifier to reduce the gain variations across process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) changes is proposed. The gain of a common-source amplifier is set by the load resistor and transistor transconductance which is set proportional to a resistor using a constant-gm bias circuit. The success of constant-gm biasing depends on the accuracy of copying of generated current to the transistor. The leakage current at the transistor gate due to the electrostatic discharge protection diodes prevents the matching of the common source transistor current to the constant-gm circuit current. A low-power replica …
A Random Subspace Based Conic Functions Ensemble Classifier, Emre Çi̇men
A Random Subspace Based Conic Functions Ensemble Classifier, Emre Çi̇men
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Classifiers overfit when the data dimensionality ratio to the number of samples is high in a dataset. This problem makes a classification model unreliable. When the overfitting problem occurs, one can achieve high accuracy in the training; however, test accuracy occurs significantly less than training accuracy. The random subspace method is a practical approach to overcome the overfitting problem. In random subspace methods, the classification algorithm selects a random subset of the features and trains a classifier function trained with the selected features. The classification algorithm repeats the process multiple times, and eventually obtains an ensemble of classifier functions. Conic …
A 88 $\Mu W$ Digital Phase-Domain Gfsk Demodulator Compatible With Low-If And Zero-If Receiver With Preamble Detection For Ble, Shen Jie Ung, Ab Al-Hadi Ab Rahman
A 88 $\Mu W$ Digital Phase-Domain Gfsk Demodulator Compatible With Low-If And Zero-If Receiver With Preamble Detection For Ble, Shen Jie Ung, Ab Al-Hadi Ab Rahman
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Unlike conventional analog-to-digital converter (ADC), phase-domain ADC (Ph-ADC) is more power efficient for the implementation of fully digital Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) demodulator in bluetooth low energy (BLE). Besides, Ph-ADC based demodulator is flexible to pair with low-IF and zero-IF receiver, opposed to limiter based demodulator that work with low-IF receiver only. Yet, currently reported Ph-ADC based demodulator lack of preamble detection for BLE which will be used as symbol clock synchronization. In this work, a Ph-ADC based demodulator is proposed with the feature of preamble detection on BLE's packet. The detected preamble is used for symbol clock recovery …
Bibsqlqc: Brown Infomax Boosted Sql Query Clustering Algorithm To Detectanti-Patterns In The Query Log, Vinothsaravanan Ramakrishnan, Palanisamy Chenniappan
Bibsqlqc: Brown Infomax Boosted Sql Query Clustering Algorithm To Detectanti-Patterns In The Query Log, Vinothsaravanan Ramakrishnan, Palanisamy Chenniappan
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Discovery of antipatterns from arbitrary SQL query log depends on the static code analysis used to enhance the quality and performance of software applications. The existence of antipatterns reduces the quality and leads to redundant SQL statements. SQL log includes a large load on the database and it is difficult for an analyst to extract large patterns in a minimal time. Existing techniques which discover antipatterns in SQL query face a lot of innumerable challenges to discover the normal sequences of queries within the log. In order to discover the antipatterns in the log, an efficient technique called Brown infomax …
Disturbance Observer Based Control Of Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System, Hamid Ali, Ahsan Ali, Inam Ul-Hasan Shaikh
Disturbance Observer Based Control Of Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System, Hamid Ali, Ahsan Ali, Inam Ul-Hasan Shaikh
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Twin rotor aerodynamic system (TRAS) approximates the dynamics of helicopters and other vertical take off rotor crafts. The nonlinear nature with significant cross-coupling between the inputs and outputs of the main and tail rotors make the control of such system for either stabilization or reference tracking a challenging task. In this paper, the problem of disturbance rejection for TRAS is addressed by designing disturbance observers through $H_{\infty}$ based approach. The system is decoupled into main and tail rotors subsystems. For each subsystem, an inner loop disturbance observer is synthesized that provides disturbance rejection, whereas to ensure stability and performance an …
Net-Lda: A Novel Topic Modeling Method Based On Semantic Document Similarity, Eki̇n Eki̇nci̇, Sevi̇nç İlhan Omurca
Net-Lda: A Novel Topic Modeling Method Based On Semantic Document Similarity, Eki̇n Eki̇nci̇, Sevi̇nç İlhan Omurca
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Topic models, such as latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), allow us to categorize each document based on the topics. It builds a document as a mixture of topics and a topic is modeled as a probability distribution over words. However, the key drawback of the traditional topic model is that it cannot handle the semantic knowledge hidden in the documents. Therefore, semantically related, coherent and meaningful topics cannot be obtained. However, semantic inference plays a significant role in topic modeling as well as in other text mining tasks. In this paper, in order to tackle this problem, a novel NET-LDA model …
Peri-Net: A Parameter Efficient Residual Inception Network For Medical Imagesegmentation, Fatmatülzehra Uslu, Cher Bass, Anil A. Bharath
Peri-Net: A Parameter Efficient Residual Inception Network For Medical Imagesegmentation, Fatmatülzehra Uslu, Cher Bass, Anil A. Bharath
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Recent developments in deep networks allow us to train networks with more parameters by yielding better performance given sufficient amount of data. However, we are still restricted with the availability of labelled data in medical image segmentation, where the problem is exacerbated with high intra- and intervariability of anatomical structures. In order to bypass this problem without compromising network performance, this study introduces a PERINet, which promises to achieve higher performance while being with smaller parameter count such as on the order of 0.8 million than its counterparts. The network benefits from rich features generated by our versions of inception …
Controlling A Launch Vehicle At Exoatmospheric Flight Conditions Via Adaptivecontrol Allocation, Yildiray Yildiz
Controlling A Launch Vehicle At Exoatmospheric Flight Conditions Via Adaptivecontrol Allocation, Yildiray Yildiz
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The focus of this paper is the control of a reusable launch vehicle at exoatmospheric flight conditions, in the presence of actuator effectiveness uncertainty. Since during exoatmospheric flight, dynamic pressure is nonexistent, aerodynamic control surfaces cannot be used. Under these conditions, reaction control jet actuators can provide the necessary thrust to control the vehicle. Reaction control jets have only 2 states, namely, on and off, and continuous control inputs can be implemented with the help of pulse width modulation, which is also employed in this paper. A continuous controller is designed in the outer loop and a control allocator is …
A Secure And Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing Protocol With Void Avoidancefor Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks, Varun Menon, Divya Midhunchakkaravarthy, Sonali John, Sunil Jacob, Amrit Mukherjee
A Secure And Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing Protocol With Void Avoidancefor Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks, Varun Menon, Divya Midhunchakkaravarthy, Sonali John, Sunil Jacob, Amrit Mukherjee
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Recently, underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) have gained wide attention due to their numerous applications in underwater surveillance, oil leakage detection, assisted navigation, and disaster prevention. With unique characteristics like increased propagation delay, constant mobility of sensor nodes, high error rate, and limitations in energy and interference, efficient routing of data packets from the source node to the destination is a major challenge in UASNs. Most of the protocols proposed for traditional sensor networks do not work well in UASNs. Although many protocols have been specifically proposed for underwater environments, the aim of most of them is to improve only …
Simplified Model Predictive Current Control Of Non-Sinusoidal Low Power Brushlessdc Machines, Alireza Lahooti Eshkevari, Hossein Torkaman
Simplified Model Predictive Current Control Of Non-Sinusoidal Low Power Brushlessdc Machines, Alireza Lahooti Eshkevari, Hossein Torkaman
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Several strategies have been proposed to control nonsinusoidal brushless DC machines (BLDCMs). However, high electromagnetic torque ripple and current overshoots occur in commutation times, which are significant problems of those strategies such as for hysteresis current controllers. This paper proposes a model predictive strategy to solve the above issues. It is simple and straightforward. Moreover, it reduces the motor torque ripple significantly and improves the response rate of the control system to the load torque variation in comparison with the conventional technique. The torque varies smoothly, and the performance of the system at commutation time is improved by eliminating the …
Partial Discharge Detection And Localization On The Medium Voltage Xlpe Cableswith Multiclass Support Vector Machines, Fati̇h Serttaş, Fati̇h Onur Hocaoğlu
Partial Discharge Detection And Localization On The Medium Voltage Xlpe Cableswith Multiclass Support Vector Machines, Fati̇h Serttaş, Fati̇h Onur Hocaoğlu
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In medium voltage cables, partial discharges (PD?s) are the major problems that trigger electrical insulation failures. Therefore, classification of PD source type and failure localization in medium voltage cables are significant issues of medium voltage engineering. Therefore, in this study, both detection and localization of PD are studied. As a first step, 4 different kind of defects are artificially generated at the same length of the same kind of medium voltage cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables. Consequently, an experimental setup is built. During the experiments, different medium voltage levels are applied to the cables, then the PD signals are measured and …
Optimal Svc Allocation In Power Systems Using Lightning Attachment Procedureoptimization, Ayman Awad, Salah Kamel, Heba Youssef, Francisco Jurado
Optimal Svc Allocation In Power Systems Using Lightning Attachment Procedureoptimization, Ayman Awad, Salah Kamel, Heba Youssef, Francisco Jurado
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) technology is widely adopted and utilized to maintain the performance of power systems. However, the improvements of power system performance achieved by FACTS devices depend on the right sizing and allocation of such devices. For technical and economic considerations, a FACTS device's location and size should be selected very carefully in order to maximize its benefits to the power system. In this paper, the sizing and location of a static VAR compensator (SVC) are optimally determined using a new optimization technique called lightning attachment procedure optimization (LAPO). The optimal allocation of the SVC is determined …
Asymmetric Slope Compensation For Digital Hybrid Current Mode Control Of Athree-Level Flying Capacitor Buck Converter, Abdulkeri̇m Uğur, Murat Yilmaz
Asymmetric Slope Compensation For Digital Hybrid Current Mode Control Of Athree-Level Flying Capacitor Buck Converter, Abdulkeri̇m Uğur, Murat Yilmaz
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
The three-level flying capacitor (3LFC) buck converter has the potential to provide better efficiency and higher power density as compared to the traditional buck converter. However, due to the flying capacitor?s instability issues, control is challenging. In this paper, the digital hybrid current mode (DHCM) control method, which combines the average and peak current mode control techniques, is modified and implemented to a 3LFC buck converter. For flying capacitor (FC) voltage balancing, a novel asymmetric slope compensation (ASC) technique is presented. The proposed ASC technique achieves FC voltage balancing by adjusting the slope compensation of the two switching pairs asymmetrically, …
Fiber Optic Chemical Sensors For Water Testing By Using Fiber Loop Ringdown Spectroscopy Technique, Mali̇k Kaya
Fiber Optic Chemical Sensors For Water Testing By Using Fiber Loop Ringdown Spectroscopy Technique, Mali̇k Kaya
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Real-time response, low cost, sensitive and easy setup fiber optic chemical sensors were fabricated by etching a part of single mode fiber in hydrofluoric (HF) acid solution and tested in different water samples such as tap water, DI water, salty and sugar water with different concentrations to record ringdown time (RDT) differences between media due to refractive index differences by employing the fiber loop ringdown (FLRD) spectroscopy technique. Baseline stability of 0.63 % and the minimum detectable RDT of $5.05$ $\mu$s for this kind of fiber optic chemical sensors were obtained. Fabricated sensors were coated with N,N-Diethyl-p-phenylenediamine for the first …
Selective Personalization And Group Profiles For Improved Web Search Personalization, Samira Karimi Mansoub, Gönenç Ercan, İlyas Çi̇çekli̇
Selective Personalization And Group Profiles For Improved Web Search Personalization, Samira Karimi Mansoub, Gönenç Ercan, İlyas Çi̇çekli̇
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Personalization is a common technique used in Web search engines to improve the effectiveness of retrieval. While personalizing some queries yields significant improvements in user experience by providing a ranking in line with the user preferences, it fails to improve or even degrades the effectiveness for less ambiguous queries. A potential personalization metric could improve search engines by selectively applying personalization. One such measure, click entropy uses the query history and the clicked documents for the query, which might be sparse for some queries. In this article, the topic entropy measure is improved by integrating the user distribution into the …
An Alternative Method Of Biomedical Signal Transmission Through The Gsm Voice Channel, Seyedmohsen Dehghan, Mehmet Kaya
An Alternative Method Of Biomedical Signal Transmission Through The Gsm Voice Channel, Seyedmohsen Dehghan, Mehmet Kaya
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
In this work, a new solution for online and accurate biomedical data transmission is presented. For this purpose, a global system for mobile (GSM) communication voice channel is, for the first time, used as a communication link between the patient and healthcare provider. Biomedical signals are converted into speech-like signals before being transferred over a GSM voice channel. On the receiver side, speech-like symbols are stored in a symbols bank, and constructed using random stochastic signals. On the receiver end, the index of the symbol with the most similarity to the received signal is selected as the identified sample. This …
Wavelength Sensitivity Of Indium Tin Oxide On Surface Plasmon Resonance Angles, Antonio Ruiz, Carlos Villa Angulo, Ivan Olaf Hernandez-Fuentes
Wavelength Sensitivity Of Indium Tin Oxide On Surface Plasmon Resonance Angles, Antonio Ruiz, Carlos Villa Angulo, Ivan Olaf Hernandez-Fuentes
Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a charge-density oscillation that occurs when a beam of p-polarized monochromatic light impinges with a greater angle than the critical angle in a dielectric-metal interface. Because of the high losses related to metals, the generated surface plasmon waves propagate with high attenuation in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions in most of the dielectric-metal interfaces. An alternative to reduce such losses is to use a transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) film. In this paper, we compared theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of the SPR angle $\theta_{SPR}$ on the interfaces of a borosilicate prism (Bp) and …