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Articles 10261 - 10290 of 74543
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Temporal And Spatial Variability Of Specific Energy Consumption For Atmospheric Water Generators, Anthony T. Brenes
Temporal And Spatial Variability Of Specific Energy Consumption For Atmospheric Water Generators, Anthony T. Brenes
Theses and Dissertations
Atmospheric Water Generators (AWG) produce potable water from the moisture in the air, providing a potentially viable water source in austere locations or emergency response scenarios. In this study, the operating constraints of three existing commercially available AWG devices are investigated, compared to historical weather data from across the continental United States. Utilizing linear regression modeling and weather station data for the years of 1985-2019, the monthly and spatial trends of energy demand to produce water from these devices are evaluated. Energy and water production efficiencies for the devices are highly dependent on environmental conditions with relative humidity and temperature …
Mission Dependency Weighted Water Distribution Networks, Payten A. Connally
Mission Dependency Weighted Water Distribution Networks, Payten A. Connally
Theses and Dissertations
How does the United States Air Force (USAF) assess and plan to replace their most critical drinking water infrastructure? The historical answer is to wait for it to break and then replace or repair the failed pipe. While this has been the process in the past, it is no longer a sustainable approach with resources and funding becoming more constrained in the public and private sectors, and aging assets approaching the end of their usable life. The USAF has taken the first step in asset management to identify their underground water lines, but they have not developed ways to convey …
Investigation Of Possible Alternatives To Fossil Fuels For The Dod In Indopacom, Terrence W. Caploe
Investigation Of Possible Alternatives To Fossil Fuels For The Dod In Indopacom, Terrence W. Caploe
Theses and Dissertations
Energy security, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and geopolitical concerns in the south pacific require diversification and independence from legacy energy sources in the Indo-Pacific Combatant Command (INDOPACOM) area of operation (AO). The United States Government has placed mandates and directives to minimize the impacts of GHG on the climate. These orders require divestment from GHG producing fuel sources by 2050. This study compares the energy alternates to Jet Propulsion 8 (JP8) as Ammonia, Hydrogen, and Lithium-ion Batteries. The study uses Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) tools to determine the environmental impacts of various energy candidates in the South Pacific. These results …
A Systems Modeling Approach To Support Human-Agent Team Performance For Combat Identification, Clayton W. Couch
A Systems Modeling Approach To Support Human-Agent Team Performance For Combat Identification, Clayton W. Couch
Theses and Dissertations
Combat Identification (CID) in an air-to-air combat context is a highly complex cognitive task that requires the operator to make rapid, high consequence decisions. To accomplish CID, fighter aircrew must attend to and perceive a broad range of information while concurrently building situation awareness (SA) and conducting other tasks. While existing automated agents are available to help fighter aircrew with this CID task, they are designed for a very narrow subset of the overall task and are not well suited for human-agent teaming. An interdependence analysis of the human operator and supporting machine agents conducted for this task support the …
An Analysis On Recommended United States Air Force Additive Manufacturing Construction Unit Type Code Package For Expeditionary Deployment, Caleb G. Dann
Theses and Dissertations
Additive Manufacturing Construction (AMC) is an emerging technology in the construction industry which utilizes 3-D printing to reduce costs, labor requirements and deviations in quality. This technology has the ability to rapidly produce repeatable construction projects while tailoring each to specific requirements through the use of 3-D designs. One of the primary objectives of the 2018 National Defense Strategy (NDS) is to continue meeting mission demands with a greater focus on the efficient use of resources. AMC has the ability to satisfy the requirements of this objective. The United States Air Force has begun initial print trials but have not …
Effects Of Level Of Effort Measurement In The Application Of Earned Value Management, James M. Demos
Effects Of Level Of Effort Measurement In The Application Of Earned Value Management, James M. Demos
Theses and Dissertations
Major Air Force contracts are subject to overview utilizing Earned Value Management (EVM). EVM is flexible in its application through the adherence of guidelines rather than strict rules. Due to this method, there is concern for potential abuse of application through overuse of Level of Effort (LOE) as a measurement technique. There are current recommended practices and rules of thumb that suggest LOE should be limited to 15% of a program’s budget with no quantitative research to support this claim. This study examines how LOE is currently employed in ACAT I Air Force programs and what LOE’s impact is on …
Investigation Of Rhine Pointing As A Solution To The Aircraft Human Machine Interface Problem, Alexandra C. Dobranski, Samuel J. Medvec
Investigation Of Rhine Pointing As A Solution To The Aircraft Human Machine Interface Problem, Alexandra C. Dobranski, Samuel J. Medvec
Theses and Dissertations
The human machine interface in 5th generation aircraft has not evolved proportionally with advances in display size and data density. The traditional cursor slew method fails to rapidly relocate the cursor, especially on large displays. Previous studies at the Air Force Test Pilot School and Air Force Institute of Technology identified methods that have the potential to improve the human machine interface. This research expanded upon those studies by providing an assessment of head tracking technology as a secondary method of cursor manipulation. Specifically, this study examined the effects that visual feedback (visible and invisible head tracking cursors) and cursor …
The Kinetics Of Biocontaminant Inactivation: A Comparative Study With Bacillus Globigii And Bacillus Anthracis, Leigh M. Durden
The Kinetics Of Biocontaminant Inactivation: A Comparative Study With Bacillus Globigii And Bacillus Anthracis, Leigh M. Durden
Theses and Dissertations
Bacillus anthracis has been a biological threat for decades and after the 2001 terrorist attack via the U.S. Postal Service where five people died, there was heightened awareness and inquiry on the subject (Goel, 2015; Greenberg et al., 2010; Nicholson & Galeano, 2003; Spotts Whitney et al., 2003). The health risk to humans makes this biological agent, a Tier 1 agent and one of the most likely to be used in an attack (Anthrax as a Bioterrorism Weapon | CDC, n.d.; Driks, 2009; Rose & Rice, 2014). B. anthracis is one of most resistant and potent biological warfare agents as …
Method Development Biological Agent Personal Decontamination Effectiveness For Airman Battle Uniform Fabric Material: Ms2 Bacteriophage, Alisha Helm
Theses and Dissertations
This article presents a study that investigates the effectiveness of a common decontamination (decon) strategy used by Airmen in the United States Air Force who may find themselves in a densely populated area during an emergency evacuation. Ultimately, this study addresses the following questions: Is there a significant difference in the number of viral particles being re-aerosolized before and after the applied decon strategy, and is this difference significant enough to consider the decon strategy effective? The study entails using MS2 bacteriophage to contaminate swatches of Airman Battle Uniform (ABU) fabric. Swatches were secured to a vortex centered in the …
Introvert Personality Labor: A Unique Theoretical Construct That Describes The Effects Of Introverts Existing In The Extrovert Idea, Kathleen S. Hendershott
Introvert Personality Labor: A Unique Theoretical Construct That Describes The Effects Of Introverts Existing In The Extrovert Idea, Kathleen S. Hendershott
Theses and Dissertations
The Extrovert Ideal led to a society that has a favorable bias toward extroverts. Classrooms, workplaces, and the general public have been designed with extroverts in mind. Introverts, who make up more than half the world’s population, are forced to act in extroverted ways due in part to the extrovert ideal. Previous studies indicate introvert performance declines when working with more extroverted preferences, like open offices that favor group work, but fail to discuss the acting introverts are forced to do in workplaces created for their extroverted counterparts. The purpose of this study is to present a unique theoretical construct, …
Human-Machine Teaming Optimization: Creating A Measurement Tool For Operator Trust In Autonomous Systems, Kevin R. Hieronymus
Human-Machine Teaming Optimization: Creating A Measurement Tool For Operator Trust In Autonomous Systems, Kevin R. Hieronymus
Theses and Dissertations
Automation has become a critical component in the modern economy. Augmenting limited human attention resources allows for greater productivity in numerous businesses, tasks, and projects. As automated processes become more integrated into everyday life, the need to understand the relationship between human operators and automation becomes paramount. In the past, automation development relied on operator feedback which can vary depending on the operator’s familiarity with similar systems and acceptance of modern technology. This fact highlights the lack of a standardized measure that can quantify the amount of trust an individual displays in an automated system. This research establishes such a …
Climate-Informed Idf Curve Updates And Impact On Design Policy, Douglas C. Jaks
Climate-Informed Idf Curve Updates And Impact On Design Policy, Douglas C. Jaks
Theses and Dissertations
Stormwater systems across the United States (US) are aging with the American Society of Civil Engineers awarding a grade of D for the state of the infrastructure. Additionally, these aging systems are under-designed for climate-induced non-stationarity of rainfall. Several studies indicate a global increase of extreme rainfall events as a result of climate change, driving the need for future stormwater management designs that account for a changing climate. Specifically, this research generates climate-change informed intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve change factors through downscaled climate scenario change factors. While previous work has identified processes for predicting future IDF curves, this study generated curves, …
Civilian And Military Civil Engineer Mission In The Space Domain, Linda E. Kuster
Civilian And Military Civil Engineer Mission In The Space Domain, Linda E. Kuster
Theses and Dissertations
Military and civil interest in space-based operations has increased dramatically in recent years due to the discovery of life sustaining properties such as water on Mars and advancements in cyber technology. Civilian sector discussions and research have centered on the establishment of permanent extraterrestrial infrastructure, while discussions from the military perspective have focused on providing reliable, resilient infrastructure, capable of withstanding cyber-based and kinetic attacks. Both perspectives account for known threats and sustainment methods required to ensure success in the space domain. With the existence of threats for the military and civilian missions, civil engineers will undoubtedly be critical to …
Aligning Dod Cost Analysis Competencies To Third Party Standards, Helga D. Leite-Evora
Aligning Dod Cost Analysis Competencies To Third Party Standards, Helga D. Leite-Evora
Theses and Dissertations
In an attempt to improve certification training programs, the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) of 2020 mandated changes to certification requirements for all acquisition related career fields directing the implementation of certification programs based on nationally or internationally accredited third-party standards (NDAA, 2019). This research focused on DoD’s Defense Acquisition University’s (DAU) Business Cost Estimating (BUS-CE) Program’s compliance with the NDAA. The study has one major research question that focuses on determining how well aligned the Defense Acquisition University’s (DAU) BUS-CE certification program’s competency model is to its relevant third-party standard, the International Cost Estimating and Analysis Association's (ICEAA) Cost …
Defense Industrial Base Mergers And Acquisitions In The Post-Cold War Era, Corey D. Mack
Defense Industrial Base Mergers And Acquisitions In The Post-Cold War Era, Corey D. Mack
Theses and Dissertations
The United States Department of Defense (DoD) relies on prime contractors for weapon system development, acquisition, and sustainability, but the increased consolidation of the Defense Industrial Base (DIB) through mergers and acquisitions (M&A) has raised concerns over reduced competition. This research consists of two studies. The first reviews existing literature to identify factors behind the DIB's increased M&A activity since the 1990s, such as DoD budget cuts and market structure. The second study examines the relationship between a prime contractor's financial health and M&A spending, finding a significant relationship between efficiency and M&A spending. Policymakers can use this information to …
Net Zero Water Air Force Installations, Kenneth R. Mcknight
Net Zero Water Air Force Installations, Kenneth R. Mcknight
Theses and Dissertations
The United States continues to face problems of a reduction in quality and quantity of groundwater sources because water extraction exceeds natural source recharge. The Air Force has recognized the importance of these groundwater sources but has put minimal effort into determining their contribution to the depletion of these sources. The purpose of this study is to determine this contribution by determining whether Air Force installations are net zero water. This is done using a geospatial information system to determine the volume of water recharging groundwater sources associated with an Air Force installation. This volume is then compared to the …
An Analysis Of Cloud Computing Migration Costs And Effects For Dod Applications, Joseph S. Moore Iv
An Analysis Of Cloud Computing Migration Costs And Effects For Dod Applications, Joseph S. Moore Iv
Theses and Dissertations
The Air Force launched “Cloud One” in 2017. Cloud One provides cloud computing options for military applications. Cloud One provides common secure computing environments, standardized platforms, application migration and support services, and data management. Currently, Cloud One has over one hundred mission applications on board. Although there is information on the cost, performance, personnel requirements, risks, and migration of the commercial sector and cloud options, there is limited recorded information on the same topics for Cloud One. As such, there is a gap in the literature regarding data/feedback for mission applications that have migrated to Cloud One. This research takes …
A Comparative Analysis Of Viral Aerosol Biological Sampling Efficiency Of A Small Unmanned Aircraft System (Suas)-Mounted Aerosol Sampler And A Reference Static Biosampler®, Jonathan D. Moroz
Theses and Dissertations
Bioaerosol sampling using small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) is a rapidly developing field that may result in a paradigm shift in emergency response and industrial hygiene sampling conventions. These technologies offer decreased sample acquisition times, larger sampling area coverage, and reduced health and safety risks to traditional human sampling teams. This potential requires a comprehensive investigation of sUAS capabilities and limitations. This study is a continuation of the characterization of an AFIT-developed sUAS-mounted aerosol sampler, proven capable of collecting viable vegetative and spore-forming bacteria through previous AFIT research. Within this study, viral biological sampling efficiency (BSE) of the sUAS-mounted aerosol …
Team And Skill Matching For Disaster Recovery Operations, Emily B. Frahm
Team And Skill Matching For Disaster Recovery Operations, Emily B. Frahm
Theses and Dissertations
United States Air Force (USAF) bases are key power projection platforms that ensure mission readiness and help bring humanitarian aid to locations in need. Recovering airfields after attack or natural disaster is a key mission of USAF civil engineers, and accomplishing this repair as swiftly as possible is key to maintaining our position in the global order. Accomplishing a disaster recovery project is a set of teams, each assigned to a specific task, and made up of a series of personnel. The question answered within this paper is: how do we match the right person with the appropriate skills to …
Sea Level Rise Impacts On Wastewater Treatment Plants And Their Social Vulnerability Differences, David S. P. Robinson
Sea Level Rise Impacts On Wastewater Treatment Plants And Their Social Vulnerability Differences, David S. P. Robinson
Theses and Dissertations
Many of the United States’ major cities that have a high population are located along the coast. The number of people residing in low elevation coastal areas, be-low 10 meters, is increasing. Coastal areas may be affected by various short- and long-term climate hazards, such as sea level rise (SLR). Climate change induced SLR will threaten residents and infrastructure in low-lying coastal areas. A household’s capacity to respond to hazards is highly dependent on its socio-demographic situation which determines its social vulnerability. Wastewater treatment facilities area particularly critical piece of infrastructure often located in low-lying areas due to gravity fed …
A Decadal Analysis Of Factor Trends In Production Data For Department Of Defense Acquisition Programs, Scott A. Reilly
A Decadal Analysis Of Factor Trends In Production Data For Department Of Defense Acquisition Programs, Scott A. Reilly
Theses and Dissertations
This research involves the analysis of standard parametric cost factors across decades within the Production phase of Department of Defense (DoD) acquisitions. DoD cost estimators utilize factors to develop budgets, build cost estimates, measure program progress, and crosscheck for other estimating methodologies. This research analyzed contract data from 732 cost data summary reports (DD Form 1921) across seven decades and eight common work breakdown structure (WBS) elements. In addition to analyzing differences in these WBS elements, this research also provides analysis across decades for several commodity types, contract types, contractor types, and service branches. The statistical tests conducted in our …
Cost Estimating Relationships For Recurring T100 Flyaway Costs, Kyrie M. Rojo
Cost Estimating Relationships For Recurring T100 Flyaway Costs, Kyrie M. Rojo
Theses and Dissertations
This research investigates a dataset of over 80 Air Force and Navy aircraft and applies regression techniques to create two cost estimating relationships (CERs) for predicting recurring T100 flyaway costs, depending on where in the acquisition lifecycle the estimate takes place. The first CER explains 89 percent of the variation in the dataset and can be applied prior to Milestone B (MS B). The second CER explains 88 percent of the variation in the dataset and can be applied between MS B and MS C. Significant cost drivers identified include stealth, cohort, empty weight, the natural log of speed, legacy …
Illuminating The Unknown: A Mixed Methods Exploration Of The Dod Software Factory Ecosystem, Zachary O. Ryan
Illuminating The Unknown: A Mixed Methods Exploration Of The Dod Software Factory Ecosystem, Zachary O. Ryan
Theses and Dissertations
The Department of Defense’s (DoD) software factories are a collection of modern software acquisition programs that commonly employ the agile, network-based business strategies often found within commercial industries. Having been formally recognized by senior leaders for their revolutionary software development approaches, the software factories highlight a cultural shift within the DoD away from traditional organizational practices. As a result of the factories demonstrated successes, the number of programs employing non-traditional strategies is expanding. While this is notable, it also presents a challenge because a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics, structures, and behaviors of the DoD’s software factories does not currently …
Decontamination Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances From Stainless Steel Piping Used In Aqueous Film Forming Foam Fire Suppression Systems, Ryan M. Register
Decontamination Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances From Stainless Steel Piping Used In Aqueous Film Forming Foam Fire Suppression Systems, Ryan M. Register
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the removal of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from legacy hangar fire suppression systems which utilized PFAS containing aqueous film forming foam (AFFF). Hundreds of these systems are currently in place throughout the Department of Defense, with planned phase-out occurring by 2024. The estimated cost of replacing these systems is $2.1 billion dollars. To mitigate this cost, a triple-rinse method of decontamination has been proposed. This thesis explores the release of PFAS from AFFF systems during a triple-rinse decontamination, and the continued removal of PFAS after a triple-rinse is complete while simultaneously analyzing methylene blue dye as a potential …
Long-Term Asset Prioritization To Support District Planning, Melissa R. Sallberg
Long-Term Asset Prioritization To Support District Planning, Melissa R. Sallberg
Theses and Dissertations
The United States Air Force (USAF) relies on its installations to project military power across the globe. However, due to the deferred infrastructure maintenance and recapitalization backlog of $33 billion as of 2019 (Wilson & Goldfein, 2019), it is more critical than ever for base-level community planners to focus their attention to the projects that will achieve each installation’s long-term goals. The recent incorporation of asset management principles into the USAF District Planning Process allows a unique opportunity to improve the existing scoring model for a holistic look at what matters to enterprise leaders and community planners making the plans …
The Effects Of International Defense Sales On Aerospace Prime Contractor Profitability, Gregory T. Sanders
The Effects Of International Defense Sales On Aerospace Prime Contractor Profitability, Gregory T. Sanders
Theses and Dissertations
Faced with declining defense budgets following the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s, US defense contractors needed to explore other sources of revenue outside of typical domestic defense sales to survive. Expansion into the international defense sales market was one of the avenues pursued by defense contractors attempting to capture profits (Deutch, 2001). However, not many studies have been found assessing the relationship between international defense sales and profitability since then. This research examines the relationship between international defense sales and profitability using data collected on the top five US defense contractors from 1994-2021. Time-series analysis is …
Applications Of Fragile Curves To Water Distribution Networks, Danielle M. Van Lanen
Applications Of Fragile Curves To Water Distribution Networks, Danielle M. Van Lanen
Theses and Dissertations
Water distribution networks are of critical importance to provide uninterrupted services to a city. Not only do they provide potable drinking water to customers they also are used for fire services and other emergency support functions. By the year 2039, the United States’ drinking water investment gap is estimated to grow to $136 billion dollars. As the gap between available funding and funding required, being able to prioritize assets for investments is critical. Unfortunately, water distribution networks are typically managed reactively rather than proactively. This paper showcases a methodology for a proactive approach to asset management through the use of …
An Analysis Of Escalation Forecasting For Ppi3364, Jacob T. Smith
An Analysis Of Escalation Forecasting For Ppi3364, Jacob T. Smith
Theses and Dissertations
The accurate forecasting of escalation is vital to generating useful cost estimates. This research investigates various methods for their accuracy in forecasting an index, PPI3364, which measures price changes in aerospace product and parts. This is done over two different spans of time: fiscal years and FYDP (five out years). Also, this study of methods for forecasting was conducted from the perspective of the practitioner in the PPBE process. Global Insight is the current source for forecasting escalation for the aerospace products and parts industry, but there are concerns, expressed by the Air Force Cost Analysis Agency, regarding the accuracy …
An Analysis Of A Modular Open System Approach On Program Management Metrics For Cost And Schedule, Kayla I. Vogler
An Analysis Of A Modular Open System Approach On Program Management Metrics For Cost And Schedule, Kayla I. Vogler
Theses and Dissertations
A modular open system approach (MOSA) and its inclusion of open architecture are among the prevailing acquisition strategies for cost and schedule management. This approach involves the incorporation of reusable, modular packages that can be incrementally added and upgraded throughout programs’ lifecycles. Many practitioners throughout the acquisitions community find that MOSA enables better opportunities for affordability, rapid acquisition, flexibility, enhanced competition, and innovation. A literature review reveals that few studies examine the interaction between MOSA and the extent to which it influences cost and schedule performance. However, no studies to date examine open architecture’s impact via programmatic evaluation of Earned …
Integrating Ace And Mca Requirements Into The Civil Engineer Officer Occupational Competency Framework, Stone D. Williford
Integrating Ace And Mca Requirements Into The Civil Engineer Officer Occupational Competency Framework, Stone D. Williford
Theses and Dissertations
The Air Force Civil Engineer officer career field has made dedicated efforts to the professional development of its company grade officers. In response to the 2015 Air Force Strategic Master plan, the Civil Engineer officer career field adopted a competency-based education approach. In 2020, the Civil Engineer Officer Career Field Education and Training Plan was published, officially integrating the career field’s operational requirements into a competency framework. However, since 2020, the Air Force has adopted an updated force generation strategy, and with it, changes to the way the Air Force assets are employed in contingency environments. This new scheme of …