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Assessment Of Volatile Metabolites For In Situ Detection Of Fungal Decay Of Wood, Nasim Maafi Aug 2017

Assessment Of Volatile Metabolites For In Situ Detection Of Fungal Decay Of Wood, Nasim Maafi

Theses and Dissertations

Although incipient fungal decay of wood may be difficult to detect early, it causes a significant decrease in wood strength. Developing a reliable method of decay identifica-tion to overcome wood replacement costs by non-destructive methods is necessary. This study investigates a possibility of identifying fungal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as means of fungal detection using solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Volatile emissions from two brown rot (Gloeophyllum trabeum and Postia pla-centa) and two white rot (Trametes versicolor and Irpex lacteus) fungi on pine and aspen and their profiles related to wood mechanical strength and mass …

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Body Fat Determination Of Stock-Type Horses In Varying Body Condition By Carcass Dissection, Rump Fat Thickness, And Deuterium Oxide Dilution And Fatty Acid Composition Of Adipose Tissues, Emily Nicole Ferjak Aug 2017

Body Fat Determination Of Stock-Type Horses In Varying Body Condition By Carcass Dissection, Rump Fat Thickness, And Deuterium Oxide Dilution And Fatty Acid Composition Of Adipose Tissues, Emily Nicole Ferjak

Theses and Dissertations

The primary objectives of the study were to compare 2 body fat (%, BF) prediction methods for stock-type horses by rump fat thickness (RFT) and D2O dilution with actual tissue fat analysis by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and to identify the relationships among BF, BCS, and physical measurements. Secondary objectives were to determine the fatty acid (FA) composition of mesenteric (MS), cardiac (CD), subcutaneous (SC), intermuscular (IM), and leaf fat (LF) and to identify relationships between of FA composition and BCS in horses. Results indicated that D2O dilution is an accurate predictor of BF, and RFT alone does not accurately predict …

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Determining Adult Perceptions Of Youth On Southern Region Ffa Nominating Committees, Emily Marie Keeton Aug 2017

Determining Adult Perceptions Of Youth On Southern Region Ffa Nominating Committees, Emily Marie Keeton

Theses and Dissertations

Southern region state FFA nominating committees utilize adults and students to elect state FFA officers. However, the role of the adult nominating committee members is up to the discretion of the state FFA nominating committee coordinators. In the nine states studied in the southern FFA region, five states utilized adults as voting members of the nominating committee, and four states utilized them as consultants. Adults completed a modified version of the Inventory of Adult Attitudes and Behaviors instrument, and the majority’s preferred style of working with students was “regarding youth as resources.” However, students had mixed feelings about working with …

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Engendering Landscape: A Gendered Analysis Of Migration To The Buffer Zone Of Carara National Park, Costa Rica, Jessica Ann Arends Aug 2017

Engendering Landscape: A Gendered Analysis Of Migration To The Buffer Zone Of Carara National Park, Costa Rica, Jessica Ann Arends

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis uses gender as a lens of analysis for understanding the motivations of internal migrants in their decision to move to the 10 kilometer buffer zone of Carara National Park in Costa Rica. The thesis is in reaction to Wittemyer et al.’s (2008) article that statistically demonstrates that population levels at the borders of study selected national parks and protected areas across Africa and Latin America are growing due to in-migration. The study is composed of 30 interviews with Costa Rican migrants who live in three communities inside Carara’s buffer zone. This study used cultural consensus analysis and semi-structured …

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Evaluation And Management Of Neonicotinoid Resistant Tobacco Thrips (Frankliniella Fusca) (Hinds) In Cotton, Chelsie Hope Darnell Aug 2017

Evaluation And Management Of Neonicotinoid Resistant Tobacco Thrips (Frankliniella Fusca) (Hinds) In Cotton, Chelsie Hope Darnell

Theses and Dissertations

Research was conducted 2014-2016 to determine how tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca) (Hinds) resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides impact thrips resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (L.).Studies included bioassays to determine severity and mechanism of resistance and evaluation of host plant characteristics in multiple cotton varieties. Another aspect of research focused on the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin and its leaching ability as a seed treatment on corn by evaluating soil type, water regime, and amount found in tissue.

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Evaluation Of Foliar Fertilizer Or Cytokinin Mixtures In Combination With Common Postemergence Soybean Herbicides, Huntington Tyler Hydrick Aug 2017

Evaluation Of Foliar Fertilizer Or Cytokinin Mixtures In Combination With Common Postemergence Soybean Herbicides, Huntington Tyler Hydrick

Theses and Dissertations

In an effort to reduce application costs and to integrate plant health management strategies in soybean, growers may combine POST herbicides with foliar fertilizers or cytokinin mixtures. Field experiments were conducted at the Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS in 2015 and 2016 to evaluate soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] injury, weed control, and agronomic performance when combining blended or single-nutrient foliar fertilizers with POST herbicide applications. Field experiments were also conducted at the Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS in 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the influence of cytokinin mixtures on soybean injury and weed …

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Development Of A Portable Laser-Induced Fluorescence Sensor, Adam Oswalt Powers Aug 2017

Development Of A Portable Laser-Induced Fluorescence Sensor, Adam Oswalt Powers

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis describes the design and construction of a portable laser induced fluorescence sensor. The objective was to create a low-cost, versatile, and modular laser induced fluorescence sensor for agricultural remote sensing. The sensor module should able to be integrated with different pieces of hardware. The objective was successfully accomplished with the creation of a sensor module that met all of the requirements. The sensor module integrates with a handheld unit for reading and visualizing the data that was constructed and is described in this work. Performance testing and experiments were carried out with the sensor module in the handheld …

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Efficacy Of Bentonite And Calcium Montmorillonite Clays At Reducing Aflatoxin M1 Transfer In Lactating Holsteins, Sarah Caitlin Allen Aug 2017

Efficacy Of Bentonite And Calcium Montmorillonite Clays At Reducing Aflatoxin M1 Transfer In Lactating Holsteins, Sarah Caitlin Allen

Theses and Dissertations

Aflatoxins are naturally occurring carcinogens found on grains, particularly in warmer climates. Because of their carcinogenic properties, they are strictly regulated and are only allowed in minimal amounts. Aflatoxin B1, the most potent naturally occurring carcinogen known, is metabolized in the liver to form aflatoxin M1, which is present in the milk of lactating animals. If aflatoxin concentrations are elevated above legal limits, the milk cannot be used for human consumption. Because of this, research has been conducted to evaluate ways to mitigate its absorption in the animal and prevent transfer to the milk. One such way is through the …

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Water Quality Monitoring And Modeling Studies Of Onarm Water Storage Systems In A Mississippi Delta Agricultural Watershed, Juan David Perez-Gutierrez Aug 2017

Water Quality Monitoring And Modeling Studies Of Onarm Water Storage Systems In A Mississippi Delta Agricultural Watershed, Juan David Perez-Gutierrez

Theses and Dissertations

Federal and state programs have encouraged farmers in the Mississippi Delta region to implement best management practices (BMPs) to promote soil and water conservation. An onarm water storage (OFWS) system is a structural BMP that has several potential benefits, namely, the ability to capture and reuse rainwater and tailwater runoff, provide supplemental water for irrigation, reduce groundwater withdrawals, and improve downstream water quality. However, research demonstrating these benefits and providing new insights for downstream water quality improvement and nutrient-rich runoff management is limited. This dissertation addresses these research gaps by examining the ability of OFWS systems to mitigate off-site nutrient …

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Indirect Measures As Predictors Of Social Skills Observed Through Means Of Direct Observation, Mackenzie Denise Sidwell Aug 2017

Indirect Measures As Predictors Of Social Skills Observed Through Means Of Direct Observation, Mackenzie Denise Sidwell

Theses and Dissertations

The scope of the current study focuses on the relationship between direct and indirect methods of measuring social skills in children. Participants included 33 children between the ages of 6 and 11 years old. The sample drew from elementary schools in 2 Southern states in the U.S., as well as social skills groups from a university-based clinic. While some participants had been previously identified has having disabilities impacting social performance, it was not an inclusionary requirement and the majority of children were not identified as having a disability clinically or through a special education eligibility domain. Teachers and clinicians leading …

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Multicomponent Ligand Interactions With Colloidal Gold And Silver Nanoparticles In Water, Wumudu Dilhani Siriwardana Aug 2017

Multicomponent Ligand Interactions With Colloidal Gold And Silver Nanoparticles In Water, Wumudu Dilhani Siriwardana

Theses and Dissertations

Multicomponent ligand interactions are involved in essentially all nanoparticle (NP) applications. However, the ligand conformation and ligand binding mechanisms on NPs are highly controversial. The research reported here is focused on deepening the fundamental understanding of multicomponent ligand interactions with gold and silver nanoparticles (AuNPs and AgNPs) in water. We demonstrated that AuNPs passivated by saturated layer of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-SH) have large fractions of AuNP surface area available for ligand adsorption and exchange. The fraction of AuNP surface area passivated by PEG-SH with molecular weights of 2000, 5000, and 30000 g/mol was calculated to be ~ 25%, ~20%, and …

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Recreational Firewood Movement As A Vector Of Non-Native Woodborers In Mississippi, Matthew John Thorn Aug 2017

Recreational Firewood Movement As A Vector Of Non-Native Woodborers In Mississippi, Matthew John Thorn

Theses and Dissertations

Recreational firewood collected from campers in Mississippi State Parks was investigated for factors associated with insect presence and their diversity. Insects were found in 20% of firewood and evidence of past feeding was found in 64.8%. Representatives of 35 families of insects were reared from collected firewood. These included representatives of Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, Curculionidae, Formicidae, and Rhinotermitidae. The effects of firewood age, moisture content, and source were also examined as effects on insect presence in firewood. At the same time, a survey of campers’ beliefs and attitudes about non-native woodborers was conducted. Exposure to public awareness campaigns had the strongest …

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Fast Curing Phenol Formaldehyde And Isocyanate Based Hybrid Resin For Forest Products Application, Xiaomei Liu Aug 2017

Fast Curing Phenol Formaldehyde And Isocyanate Based Hybrid Resin For Forest Products Application, Xiaomei Liu

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study is to develop a fast curing phenolic formaldehyde (PF) and polymeric diphenyl methane isocyanate (MDI) based hybrid resin system for wood products applications. Various formulas of PF resins were synthesized with different formaldehyde to phenol ratio, sodium hydroxide to phenol and isocyanate group (-NCO) to hydroxyl group (-OH) molar ratios. The shear bonding strength property was used to evaluate and optimize the formulations by appropriate sample preparation. The optimized resins were characterized by rheometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and other methods. In order to eliminate the influence of hydroxyl groups from water in the …

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Fed Cattle Marketing: A Field Experiment, Matthew Gregory Janzen Aug 2017

Fed Cattle Marketing: A Field Experiment, Matthew Gregory Janzen

Theses and Dissertations

To improve meat quality and consistency, cattle feeders have moved towards implementing end-point marketing strategies (EPM) based on visual estimates of physiological characteristics. A commonly used 0.5 inch backfat target was used in this analysis. Recognizing that physiological targets will not necessarily result in profit maximization; this research developed a profit maximization rule (PMR) that accounts for the dynamics of animal growth, output prices and costs. A natural field experiment was conducted in Iowa to evaluate the potential for the PMR. One hundred twenty three fed cattle were randomly assigned into two treatments (PMR and EPM). Realized profit results indicate …

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Temperature Effects On Warm- And Cool-Season Turfgrass Species And Cultivars, Ethan Todd Flournoy Aug 2017

Temperature Effects On Warm- And Cool-Season Turfgrass Species And Cultivars, Ethan Todd Flournoy

Theses and Dissertations

Research was conducted using the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere-Research (SPAR) units at Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS to investigate temperature effects on warm- and cool-season turfgrasses. Data collected include clipping yield, total root biomass, and relative chlorophyll index (RCI). Cultivars and species in the study included: ‘Latitude 36’, ‘Tifway’, ‘MSB-285’, and ‘TifEagle’ bermudagrass, ‘Meyer’ zoysiagrass, ‘Penn A1/A4’ and ‘Penncross’ creeping bentgrass, ‘Midnight’ Kentucky bluegrass, ‘Fiesta 4’ perennial ryegrass, and ‘Falcon V’ tall fescue. Grasses were grown in the SPAR units at varying day/night temperature regimes. Clipping yield was collected every three days, and regression was used to determine the temperature at which clipping …

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Testing The Life History Approach: Assessing Cultural Bias In Archaeological Mussel Shell Assemblages In The Tombigbee River Drainage, Sarah Kate Mckinney Aug 2017

Testing The Life History Approach: Assessing Cultural Bias In Archaeological Mussel Shell Assemblages In The Tombigbee River Drainage, Sarah Kate Mckinney

Theses and Dissertations

Zooarchaeological mussel shell assemblages can be affected by an array of biases, one of which is cultural bias. Cultural biases may be exhibited in the transport of mussels from nonlocal mussel beds, and/or in preferential taste. There are a few methods used to help determine if cultural biases are at play (e.g., nestedness and detrended correspondence analysis). This thesis aims to test a new method, the life history approach, to determine if it is a viable method for assessing cultural bias in prehistoric mussel assemblages from the Tombigbee River drainage. Shell assemblages from the drainage previously have been demonstrated to …

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The Effects Of Therapeutic Horseback Riding On Communication In Children And Adolescents With Developmental Disorders, Shelby Anne Holm Aug 2017

The Effects Of Therapeutic Horseback Riding On Communication In Children And Adolescents With Developmental Disorders, Shelby Anne Holm

Theses and Dissertations

This mixed-methods study examined the effects of participation in a 10-week therapeutic horseback riding program on communicative behaviors in participants diagnosed with Autism spectrum disorder or Down syndrome. Certified Therapeutic Riding Instructors utilized the Naples Equestrian Challenge Participant Initial Evaluation to complete a pre-evaluation prior to the first riding session and a post-evaluation during the last session. Following the post-evaluation, the researcher collected qualitative data through conducting parent interviews. The study included 16 participants (M = 12.62; age range 5-23 years old, 8 females and 8 males). Change scores for each participant were calculated and an aggregated mean for pre- …

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The Impacts Of Yeast Fermentation And Bacillus Subtilis Dietary Products On Sperm Quality And Semen Microbiota Of Aged White Leghorn Roosters, Midian Nascimento Dos Santos Aug 2017

The Impacts Of Yeast Fermentation And Bacillus Subtilis Dietary Products On Sperm Quality And Semen Microbiota Of Aged White Leghorn Roosters, Midian Nascimento Dos Santos

Theses and Dissertations

Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters have been widely exploited due to concerns about antimicrobial resistance. These feed additives improve growth, in part, by modulating intestinal microbiota. However, their impact on male reproductive performance is not well elucidated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of a yeast fermentation product (YP) and Bacillus subtilis on rooster semen quality and microbiota. Dietary supplementation of YP linearly increased the concentration of yeast and bacteria in semen, whereas it linearly decreased sperm motility, suggesting that bacteria attached to yeast were excreted from the gut, contaminated semen at the cloaca and …

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Incidence Of Salmonella Spp. In Farming Environments And Food Facilities By Improved Detection, Lurdes G. Siberio-Perez Aug 2017

Incidence Of Salmonella Spp. In Farming Environments And Food Facilities By Improved Detection, Lurdes G. Siberio-Perez

Theses and Dissertations

Environmental samples from food processing facilities and production (farms) were taken and analyzed for the presence of indicator organisms and Salmonella spp. on food contact (FC) and nonood contact (NFC) surfaces. Salmonella was isolated from both FC and NFC surfaces of a fruit and catfish-processing plant environment, but not from a dairy processing plant or from produce packaging facility environments. Scatter plots did not show a relationship between indicator organisms and the presence of Salmonella in processing environments, regardless of the facility/environment. Salmonella ser. Gaminara and Salmonella ser. Give were prevalent in the fruit processing environment. Persistence could not be …

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Investigations Into The Life Cycle Of Drepanocephalus Auritus With Notes On The Discovery Of A New Snail Host Biomphalaria Havanensis In Mississippi, Neely Rae Alberson Aug 2017

Investigations Into The Life Cycle Of Drepanocephalus Auritus With Notes On The Discovery Of A New Snail Host Biomphalaria Havanensis In Mississippi, Neely Rae Alberson

Theses and Dissertations

Drepanocephalus auritus is a digenetic trematode parasitizing the double-crested cormorant, a piscivorous waterbird often found feeding on catfish aquaculture ponds in Mississippi. The aquatic snail Planorbella trivolvis was the only known intermediate host in Mississippi until a new snail host, Biomphalaria havanensis, was discovered releasing cercariae belonging to North and South American D. auritus haplotypes. In addition, previous work has reported D. auritus metacercariae begin to resolve in channel catfish 7-21 days post-infection. As a result, a 2-year study was undertaken to elucidate the life cycle of D. auritus and identify if channel catfish can serve as a true intermediate …

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Management Of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Using Gene Manipulation And Biological Nematicides Biological Nematicides, Weasam Adnan Radhi Aljaafri Aug 2017

Management Of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Using Gene Manipulation And Biological Nematicides Biological Nematicides, Weasam Adnan Radhi Aljaafri

Theses and Dissertations

Soybean cyst nematode (H. glycines), reniform nematode (R. reniformis), and Root-Knot nematode (M. incognita) are three damaging plant-parasitic nematodes on soybean. Syntaxin proteins are involved in the process of membrane fusion. T wo G. max syntaxin genes (Gm-SYP22-1, and Gm-SYP22-2) that were similar in amino acid composition have been found to contribute to the ability of Glycine max to defend itself from infection by the plant parasitic nematode Heterodera glycines. Syntaxin genes SYP22-1 and SYP22-2 were identified to be expressed specifically in syncytia undergoing a resistant reaction to H. glycines parasitism. The Gm-SYP22-1 and Gm-SYP22-2 genes were isolated by molecular …

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Monitoring Aspergillus Flavus Progression And Aflatoxin Accumulation In Inoculated Maize (Zea Mays L.) Hybrids, Cedric Xavier Reid Aug 2017

Monitoring Aspergillus Flavus Progression And Aflatoxin Accumulation In Inoculated Maize (Zea Mays L.) Hybrids, Cedric Xavier Reid

Theses and Dissertations

Aflatoxins are a secondary metabolite produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus. A. flavus has been known to infect several crops including tree nuts, peanuts, rice, cotton and maize. Aflatoxins have been found to cause tumors with aflatoxin B1 being the most carcinogenic biologically produced substance known to man. Therefore, the FDA has restricted the amount of aflatoxin in maize for human consumption to 20 ppb (ng/g). An estimated $225 million are lost each year in the United States due to aflatoxin contamination in maize crops alone. Agriculture is a vital part of Mississippi’s economy, and maize is one of its …

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Platelet-Cancer Cell Interactions: Insights From The Canine Model, Shauna Ashtin Fuhrmann Aug 2017

Platelet-Cancer Cell Interactions: Insights From The Canine Model, Shauna Ashtin Fuhrmann

Theses and Dissertations

Animal models have been recognized for the valuable roles they serve in both animal and human medicine. Dogs share many of the same naturally occurring tumors as humans including osteosarcoma, lymphoma, and mammary tumors. In addition, dogs share the same environment as humans, have a shorter lifespan, and often have a quicker progression of disease, making them an attractive model of human disease. Platelets are small anucleate cell fragments that have essential roles in hemostasis, angiogenesis, and wound healing, and, more recently recognized, roles in development, survival, growth, and metastasis of various cancers. Their roles in angiogenesis has proven to …

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Spatial Analysis Of Landscape Dynamics To Meteorological Changes In The Gulf Of Mexico Coastal Region, Tianyu Li Aug 2017

Spatial Analysis Of Landscape Dynamics To Meteorological Changes In The Gulf Of Mexico Coastal Region, Tianyu Li

Theses and Dissertations

The forest ecosystem is a dominant landscape in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) coastal region. Currently, many studies have been carried out to identify factors that drive forest dynamics. Changes in meteorological conditions have been considered as the main factors affecting the forest dynamics. For this study, the statistical regression analysis was used for modeling forest dynamics. Meteorological impact analysis was driven by observed data from PRISM (parameter-elevation regressions on independent slopes model) climate dataset. The forest dynamics was characterized by an indicator, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The objectives of this study are to 1) to specify and …

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Examining College Satisfaction In Students With And Without Disabilities, Molly M. Butts Aug 2017

Examining College Satisfaction In Students With And Without Disabilities, Molly M. Butts

Theses and Dissertations

With the increase of students with disabilities attending post secondary education, it is important to have an understanding of how satisfied a student with a disability is with college. At present, the research on college satisfaction focuses on specific variables and how the specific variables moderate or mediate college satisfaction; however, there is limited research in the area of college satisfaction and students with disabilities. To address the current gap in research, the purpose of the current study was to address if there was a difference in overall satisfaction in students with a disability compared to students without a disability. …

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Reduced Immune Investment With Energy Stress: Evidence From A Mouse Model And Human Studies, Alaina L. Schneider Aug 2017

Reduced Immune Investment With Energy Stress: Evidence From A Mouse Model And Human Studies, Alaina L. Schneider

Theses and Dissertations

During periods of energy stress, animals will prioritize and allocate energy from non-essential to essential tasks. Using a mouse model and published human data, we found that during periods of energy stress, energy is allocated away from immune function, and is prioritized for physical activity usage.

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Sexual Dimorphism In The Femur And Pelvis Of Cebus Apella With A Randomization Experiment Examining Sample Size In The Fossil Record, Ryan P. Schaars Aug 2017

Sexual Dimorphism In The Femur And Pelvis Of Cebus Apella With A Randomization Experiment Examining Sample Size In The Fossil Record, Ryan P. Schaars

Theses and Dissertations

Measures of sexual dimorphism for six skeletal traits of the femur and pelvis of Cebus apella were calculated for 18 individuals to better understand primate skeletal dimorphism. A randomization experiment was also conducted on the measures of sexual dimorphism to examine sample size in the primate fossil record.

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The Influence Of Phylogeny And Niche Differentiation On The Diets Of Malagasy Primates, Rebekka S. Hughes Aug 2017

The Influence Of Phylogeny And Niche Differentiation On The Diets Of Malagasy Primates, Rebekka S. Hughes

Theses and Dissertations

Previous studies have shown that haplorhine diet is affected by phylogeny; however, until now studies in Malagasy strepsirrhines were lacking. The evolution of differences in Malagasy primates’ diets appears to differ from the pattern shown in haplorhines. My results indicate that niche differentiation may be a stronger predictor of diet.

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Phylogenetic Affinities Of Homo Floresiensis Incorporating Postcranial Characters, Kristina M. Feeney Aug 2017

Phylogenetic Affinities Of Homo Floresiensis Incorporating Postcranial Characters, Kristina M. Feeney

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this analysis is to generate hypotheses regarding the evolution and ancestry of Homo floresiensis. Building on the previous study by Argue et al. (2009) by including a much larger sample of postcranial data for a more integrated picture of primitive and derived features across the skeleton.

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Harriet Jacobs And Toni Morrison: A Tradition Of Narrative Resistance, Allyson L. Molloy Aug 2017

Harriet Jacobs And Toni Morrison: A Tradition Of Narrative Resistance, Allyson L. Molloy

Theses and Dissertations

This article considers historical constructions of power and the narrative as a mode of resistance. Working in different centuries, under extremely disparate circumstances, Harriet Jacobs in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and Toni Morrison in her novel The Bluest Eye, utilize specific narrative strategies to challenge and question institutionalized power which is evidenced through their deliberate employment of narrative strategies not only to challenge the institution of slavery or the hegemonic ideal, but also to question the racial and gender oppression systemic to those institutions of power.

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