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Cross-Dataset Fairness Evaluation Of Transformer-Based Sentiment Models, Sara Zuiran
Cross-Dataset Fairness Evaluation Of Transformer-Based Sentiment Models, Sara Zuiran
Theses and Dissertations
With the growing exploration of Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems in decision-making environments, it is essential to evaluate technical and ethical aspects of the dataset and the NLP model to improve fairness. To assess fairness, the thesis examines demographic imbalances in sentiment classification models by evaluating transformer-based models fine-tuned on the Stanford Sentiment Treebank version 2 dataset (SST-2) against the demographically annotated Comprehensive Assessment of Language Model dataset (CALM). This work identifies performance disparities in sentiment prediction across demographic groups by examining sensitive attributes such as gender and race. The study evaluates both the RoBERTa and MentalBERT transformer models using …
Blink-Related Brainwaves As Digital Biomarkers For Cognition Assessment During Complex Tasks, Lexine Carmlixa Sibert-Jolissaint
Blink-Related Brainwaves As Digital Biomarkers For Cognition Assessment During Complex Tasks, Lexine Carmlixa Sibert-Jolissaint
Theses and Dissertations
Blink-related oscillations (BROs) are neurophysiological responses observed in electroencephalography (EEG) following spontaneous blinking, reflecting the brain processing of new visual information. Prior research has demonstrated BRO responses across various cognitive states, such as resting, cognitive loading, and sensory stimulation, highlighting their potential as a non-invasive biomarker of brain function. We conducted the first investigation of BRO responses during a verbal fluency (VF) task, which is a complex, dynamic task state combining memory, visual perception, executive function, and language processing. Using publicly available EEG data from 22 healthy adults, we measured BRO responses over the left anterior frontal region corresponding to …
Climate Change And The Field Of Farm Labor In The Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, Cody Richard Mortell
Climate Change And The Field Of Farm Labor In The Lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas, Cody Richard Mortell
Theses and Dissertations
Farm workers in the United States are often vulnerable to adverse impacts of climate change, particularly extreme heat. This study explores farm workers’ climate change perceptions (CCP) as a mediating force in climate adaptation. Using latent class analysis, in-person survey data (n=404) from Lower Rio Grande Valley, TX (2024) and NOAA data were analyzed. Results were interpreted using Bourdieu’s field analysis framework and his notions of capital and symbolic power. Findings include: a social hierarchy with three latent classes of workers based on economic, cultural, social, and symbolic capital, which statistically significantly affected CCP. Workers in higher structural positions were …
Linguistic (In) Security And Persistence In Doctoral Studies: A Mixed-Methods Study Of The Impact Of Metapragmatic Discourses On The Persistence Of Multilingual Doctoral Students, Germaine Tondji
Theses and Dissertations
Linguistic beliefs and practices in doctoral studies have often been overlooked, partly due to the assumption that advanced students face fewer language-related challenges. However, research on multilingualism in hypernormative academic contexts suggests that linguistic concerns persist even among the most educated. Multilingual doctoral students (MDSs) operate at the intersection of multiple linguistic and epistemic systems. In English-dominant, monoglossic environments, they must not only navigate the complexities of doctoral study but also reconcile competing linguistic and epistemic identities. This study explores the role of linguistic insecurity (LI) in MDSs' doctoral persistence through a mixed-methods design. The quantitative phase draws on survey …
Ai-Enhanced Flipped Classroom Approach For Chinese Vocabulary And Grammar Learning, Haotian Ye
Ai-Enhanced Flipped Classroom Approach For Chinese Vocabulary And Grammar Learning, Haotian Ye
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the effectiveness of ChatGPT-4 in enhancing L2 Chinese learners' vocabulary and grammar acquisition within a flipped classroom setting, focusing on its impact on learning outcomes, student motivation, and associated challenges. Conducted over 10 weeks, the study involved 19 native English speakers enrolled in a third-year Chinese course at a U.S. university. The experimental group (n = 11) used ChatGPT to self-study six target words and five grammar structures before attending Tuesday and Thursday sessions, while the control group (n = 8) followed a textbook-based approach. Participants completed in-class vocabulary and grammar quizzes twice a week, three journal …
The Effects Of Implementing A Project Based Learning Framework Into A 5th Grade Science Unit On Force And Motion In A Population Of Disadvantaged Students, Kristy Martin
Theses and Dissertations
Providing quality education that meets the needs of diverse populations and economically disadvantaged students is imperative in today’s educational environments. This research study investigates the effects of implementing a project-based learning (PBL) teaching approach as part of a fifth-grade science unit on force and motion. The implications on engagement, motivation, and student achievement on standardized tests were analyzed through a mixed-methods research approach. This study is grounded in the theoretical approaches of Constructivism and Social Interdependence Theory. Both concepts support PBL and explain the positive impacts noted by the research. The participants included 56 fifth-grade students, that were primarily African …
Investigating The Use Of Socio-Scientific Issues As Phenomena Through A Storyline Framework In A High School Biology Course, Dana Marie Delpha
Investigating The Use Of Socio-Scientific Issues As Phenomena Through A Storyline Framework In A High School Biology Course, Dana Marie Delpha
Theses and Dissertations
This action research dissertation investigates the efficacy of a socio-scientific phenomena-driven biology curriculum in a Title 1 Massachusetts High School. Grounded in social constructivism, culturally relevant pedagogy, and self-determination theories, the study explores the impact of socio-scientific phenomena on students’ perceived importance of science education, motivation, engagement, and achievement. A mixed-methods approach was used, and data was collected through student engagement reflection, Science Motivation Questionnaire, and pre- and post-assessments to holistically evaluate the efficacy of the curriculum. The findings include increased student engagement, motivation, and achievement after participating in the intervention, which supports the motivation-engagement-achievement feedback loop. Student agency was …
Cultivating Cultural Competence To Inspire Social Responsibility In Middle School Students, Jamie Shapiro Blau
Cultivating Cultural Competence To Inspire Social Responsibility In Middle School Students, Jamie Shapiro Blau
Theses and Dissertations
In World Language education, teachers pair linguistic and cultural instruction to prepare students to engage effectively with speakers of the target language. In my French classes, where most students enjoyed dominant racial and socioeconomic identities, I noticed limited cultural competency skills in students, as well as a lack of readiness to engage with diverse cultures. This was unsurprising, as pervasive White eurocentrism permeates American schools, covertly impacting students' social and curricular experiences. Specifically, curricula of World Language courses where the language of study originates in a country with colonial history, such as French, cloud and ignore the linguistic and cultural …
Young Children’S Reading Experiences In An Online Family Book Club Centered On Multimodal Responses, Ling Hao
Young Children’S Reading Experiences In An Online Family Book Club Centered On Multimodal Responses, Ling Hao
Theses and Dissertations
This ethnographic case study explored Chinese American children’s heritage language and culture learning and their multimodal responses to culturally relevant picture books. I focus on six Chinese American families who participated in an online family book club. The children were between four and six years old. In each session, I first introduced Chinese characters or cultural traditions related to the book, and then had an interactive read aloud of a culturally relevant picture book. The children discussed the book with one parent and came up with a question and a connection. The children then responded to the book through creating …
Gateways To Reading: Action Research With At-Risk Students At An Alternative School, David Sean Goff
Gateways To Reading: Action Research With At-Risk Students At An Alternative School, David Sean Goff
Theses and Dissertations
There is no shortage of research on how low levels of literacy disproportionately affect students of color, but this research was interested in how three theoretical models may impact this trend. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine the reading experiences and engagement levels of students in an alternative school English class, applying culturally relevant pedagogy (CRP), self-determination theory (SPD), and zone of proximal development (ZPD). CRP is a theoretical model that upholds students’ cultural identities, while pursuing academic success. ZPD is a theoretical model that suggests learning occurs when content is within students’ ability. SDT is …
Merit, Equity And Intersectionality: Autoethnographic Examination Of Perceived Race And Gender-Based Discrimination In The Workplace, Shavanna Henry
Merit, Equity And Intersectionality: Autoethnographic Examination Of Perceived Race And Gender-Based Discrimination In The Workplace, Shavanna Henry
Theses and Dissertations
This autoethnographic action research dissertation uses intersectionality, critical race theory, and racial battle fatigue theoretical lenses to examine my mental health as I experienced perceived race-based and gender-based discrimination at a public high school on the West Coast of the United States. The goal was to examine how my mental health was impacted during the development and attempted implementation of a DEI plan, and how my mental health was affected by the intersectionality of race and gender. I used journal entries and digital artifacts to craft seven vignettes that captured my experience. The findings from coding and analyzing data showed …
Narratives In Motion: The New Era Of Dam Building In East Africa, Andrew Nicholas Selassie Prado-Alipui
Narratives In Motion: The New Era Of Dam Building In East Africa, Andrew Nicholas Selassie Prado-Alipui
Theses and Dissertations
Narratives of energy insecurity, underdevelopment, and resource conflict influence how African hydropower projects are justified within the broader context of climate change and demands for sustainable development. The challenge of meeting energy demands provides the overarching motivation for ambitious large-scale hydropower projects in East Africa, especially in Tanzania and Ethiopia. As development projects, the Julius Nyerere Hydropower Project (JNHPP) and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) can be understood as vehicles of political discourse, framed as the technopolitical solution to questions of national identity that both countries face in the midst of sociopolitical and economic transformation periods. This research shows …
To Post Or Not To Post, That Is The Discussion: An Exploration Of Students’ Perceptions And Experiences With Using Online Collaboration Tools In Threaded Discussion Board Postings, Sherietta Farron Lane
To Post Or Not To Post, That Is The Discussion: An Exploration Of Students’ Perceptions And Experiences With Using Online Collaboration Tools In Threaded Discussion Board Postings, Sherietta Farron Lane
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this mixed methods action research study was to explore how instructor presence, cognitive presence, and social presence impact students' perceptions and experiences when interacting, communicating, and collaborating in asynchronous discussions and collaborative activities during an introductory-level English literature course at a Southern career college. Online courses can create a sense of isolation due to a lack of student-to-student or student-to-instructor interaction. Discussion forums are a key communication tool to foster interaction in online courses. This action research focused on three questions: (1) How does the use of selected collaboration tools impact students’ perceptions of instructor presence in …
Keep Your Head Up: An Examination Of Out-Of-School Literacy Practices In An Intergenerational Family System, Johnnie D. Bryant-Johnson
Keep Your Head Up: An Examination Of Out-Of-School Literacy Practices In An Intergenerational Family System, Johnnie D. Bryant-Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
The asset-based qualitative study used a phenomenological approach within a Community Cultural Wealth framework to question the practices of an intergenerational family system in the Southeastern United States. The study investigated the family system’s out-of-school literacy practices and the exposure to culturally relevant literature. The study revealed that an elder who actively participated in rearing school-aged children intentionally introduced culturally relevant literature. Similarly, the study revealed that the primary caregivers did engage their school-aged children in conversations related to social justice and introduced them to culturally relevant texts. However, a child's inquiry into the topic initiated primary caregivers’ introduction to …
Co-Teaching As A Transformative Tool: Enhancing Cultural Competence, Linguistic Responsiveness, And Pedagogical Practices Of Veteran Teachers, Jennifer Cárdenas
Co-Teaching As A Transformative Tool: Enhancing Cultural Competence, Linguistic Responsiveness, And Pedagogical Practices Of Veteran Teachers, Jennifer Cárdenas
Theses and Dissertations
Guided by the Vygotskian (1978) principles inherent in co-teaching and Lucas and Villegas’s (2013) culturally and linguistically responsive framework, this qualitative, action research study investigated the impact of implementing a co-teaching model between a multilingual learner program specialist and a veteran general classroom teacher for the purpose of enhancing the veteran teacher’s pedagogical practices related to multilingual students. Data from professional development, interview, and conversation transcripts, in addition to observations, revealed the impact of the intervention. This study covered 3 years of a co-teaching partnership in a southeastern U.S. state. The data indicated teacher growth in cultural and linguistic knowledge …
Targeting The Country: Exploring The Technology Integration Practices Of World Language Teachers In Rural Georgia, Shannon Borum
Targeting The Country: Exploring The Technology Integration Practices Of World Language Teachers In Rural Georgia, Shannon Borum
Theses and Dissertations
Technology integration affords World Language teachers opportunities to engage with the target language and cultures in a way previously unknown, yet world language teachers in Georgia’s rural high schools have inconsistent integration of technology into their teaching practices. The study was guided by two research questions regarding (1) the current technology integration practices of world language teachers in rural Georgia high schools for communicative language teaching, and (2) the influences the decisions of world language teachers in rural Georgia high schools to integrate technology in their communicative language teaching. The purpose of this action research was to describe how high …
The Impact Of Equity Literacy In Understanding, Creating, And Sustaining An Equitable School Climate, Kristen M. Ewing
The Impact Of Equity Literacy In Understanding, Creating, And Sustaining An Equitable School Climate, Kristen M. Ewing
Theses and Dissertations
There is an extraordinary culturally and linguistically diverse student population in America today; however, there is an overwhelmingly homogenous representation in educators, being predominantly White, middle-class, female, and monolingual (Howard, 2020; Tanase, 2020). The racial disparity between educators and students has serious consequences for marginalized students leaving many students undereducated and unprepared to compete in the world today (Howard, 2020). hooks (1994) claimed that educators are poorly prepared to confront diversity and we must focus on diversity and inclusion if we want to be more equitable and close the achievement gap. This qualitative action research study was centered around the …
The Effect Of Lexical Characteristics On Speech Pausing For People With Broca's Aphasia, Anna Kathryn Walker Smith
The Effect Of Lexical Characteristics On Speech Pausing For People With Broca's Aphasia, Anna Kathryn Walker Smith
Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the connection between speech pause patterns and the lexical characteristics of the words that follow. Speech samples of 16 people with moderate Broca's aphasia and 16 age-matched neurologically healthy controls were evaluated in terms of word length, word frequency in the English language, syntactic category, and articulatory complexity. In general, people with aphasia (PWA) produced pauses more frequently before monosyllabic, very high frequency words with lower articulatory complexity, most of which were content words. The length of these pauses did not significantly correlate with any of the lexical factors examined in this study. The control group had …
Relationship Between Speaking Proficiency And Cultural Identity Of Korean Heritage Language Speakers, Minha Lee
Relationship Between Speaking Proficiency And Cultural Identity Of Korean Heritage Language Speakers, Minha Lee
Theses and Dissertations
Heritage language speakers from immigrant families often navigate between two languages and cultures as they form their personal identities. In this process, some develop their identity through their personal choices and external pressures, while others remain in a state of identity confusion. Although many factors contribute to the formation of their identity, the field of language education has continued to focus on the relationship between language proficiency and identity, assuming language ability could be one of the key influences. This study investigated the relationship between Korean speaking proficiency and cultural identity among Korean heritage language speakers born in the United …
Bridging The Language Proficiency Gap: Seeking Strategies For High Language Proficiency, Maria Isabelle Lyon
Bridging The Language Proficiency Gap: Seeking Strategies For High Language Proficiency, Maria Isabelle Lyon
Theses and Dissertations
This study explores factors contributing to high proficiency in German speakers, focusing on university graduates who achieved Advanced High or Superior ratings on the ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) at the end of their university studies. The nine participants, all of whom had significant exposure to German during and/or before their undergraduate studies at Brigham Young University (BYU), shared insights into their language learning experiences. The study uses interviews and surveys to examine key characteristics, strategies, and experiences that influenced participant proficiency. The findings highlight motivation, consistency, and humility as key factors contributing to learners. Participants emphasize intrinsic motivation, consistent …
Epic Fantasy As A Postsecular Genre: The Stormlight Archive's Approach To Religion And Belief, Liz Busby
Epic Fantasy As A Postsecular Genre: The Stormlight Archive's Approach To Religion And Belief, Liz Busby
Theses and Dissertations
Epic fantasy as a genre has often been neglected due to its perceived conservative roots that clash with critical reading practices. This paper proposes that a postsecular lens may be more suitable to the critical study of epic fantasy and examines perhaps the most popular contemporary epic fantasy, Brandon Sanderson's Stormlight Archive, through a postsecular lens, First, the paper examines how the Stormlight Archive combines the premodern, fantastical worldview with modern and post-modern concerns to reinvigorate its exploration of the religious "big questions" through a renewed focus on the spiritual nature of the individual. Next, it examines how Sanderson presents …
Harnessing Strengths Through Peer Coaching: Supporting The Well-Being Of Novice Esl Teachers, Joclyn M. Farrales
Harnessing Strengths Through Peer Coaching: Supporting The Well-Being Of Novice Esl Teachers, Joclyn M. Farrales
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates the effects of strengths-based peer coaching on novice ESL teacher well-being. Language teachers often face challenges in job security, teacher and financial status, institutional demands, and burnout. Novice ESL teachers especially face concerns about balancing teaching and student roles, building knowledge of the realities of teaching, and scaffolding a support system. The Virtues in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS) was used to identify participants' strengths, and teachers were assigned a peer to collaborate with who shared similar strengths. These teachers met with their assigned peer coach eight times throughout the semester to discuss ways of implementing strengths …
Focus On Form: Perceptions Of Portuguese Immersion Teacher When Implementing The Capa Model, Priscila Isabel Rebicki Prestes
Focus On Form: Perceptions Of Portuguese Immersion Teacher When Implementing The Capa Model, Priscila Isabel Rebicki Prestes
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates Portuguese Dual Language Immersion (DLI) teachers' perceptions when implementing the CAPA Model, a structured Focus on Form Instruction (FFI) approach aimed at improving grammatical accuracy in content-based learning. While immersion students develop strong communication skills, research highlights persistent grammatical inaccuracies due to the emphasis on meaning-based instruction. The CAPA Model seeks to bridge this gap by integrating explicit grammar instruction, fostering metalinguistic awareness, and enhancing linguistic accuracy without detracting from content learning. Findings reveal that teachers recognize the model’s benefits but face challenges such as limited planning time, a lack of pre-adapted materials, and difficulties implementing all …
The Semantics Of Quedar And Quedarse When Used With Adjectives Or Participles To Express A State, Charlotte Joy Peterson
The Semantics Of Quedar And Quedarse When Used With Adjectives Or Participles To Express A State, Charlotte Joy Peterson
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis focuses on quedar and quedarse in Spanish when used with adjectives or participles to express a state. There are four main verbs of becoming in Spanish, namely hacerse, volverse, ponerse, and quedar(se), but quedar(se) is the only verb of becoming that can be used both intransitively and pronominally to express a state. This thesis seeks to understand the relationship between adjectives and participles when used in conjunction with quedar intransitively or pronominally, and how the semantics may change based on which form is preferred. There are two largely supported claims in the literature as to when one form …
Language Choice And Russian Course Enrollment Among University Students, Emma Calderwood
Language Choice And Russian Course Enrollment Among University Students, Emma Calderwood
Theses and Dissertations
University Russian enrollments have been steadily declining in the United States since 2009 (MLA, 2023). No research has been done to examine student motivation for studying Russian since long before the 2022 increase in conflict between Russia and Ukraine. This study surveys two groups of students at the university level: students enrolled in BYU 101-level language classes, and students enrolled in Russian classes at six universities in the United States. The findings report that the most common reasons students choose to take university Russian classes is because they have a general interest in the language, they want to travel to …
Studying Cultural Change With Transhistorical Semantic Directions, Travis Daichi Ashby
Studying Cultural Change With Transhistorical Semantic Directions, Travis Daichi Ashby
Theses and Dissertations
This study advances the use of diachronic word embeddings in cultural sociology, contributing both methodologically and substantively. Methodologically, it synthesizes best practices for constructing semantic directions and addresses challenges arising from diachronic embeddings, including missing data and semantic drift. Substantively, it examines historical changes in schemas and conceptual metaphors related to "processing." By analyzing the changing associations between processing-related words (e.g., "raw" and "refined") and evaluative categories like authenticity, valence, and aesthetics, the study examines whether word-level changes amongst schematically-related words indicate deeper cultural shifts at the schematic level. Findings indicate a growing association between processed states and inauthenticity, a …
Human Passion In The City And The Jungle: Translating Horacio Quiroga’S “Dieta De Amor,” “El Simún,” And “Polea Loca”, Washington C. Pearce
Human Passion In The City And The Jungle: Translating Horacio Quiroga’S “Dieta De Amor,” “El Simún,” And “Polea Loca”, Washington C. Pearce
Theses and Dissertations
Horacio Quiroga, Uruguayan-Argentine writer who is often considered analogous to Edgar Allan Poe, is notable for his contributions to the development of South American Modernismo and his status as a precursor to the Latin American "Boom" period. My project presents a translation of three previously untranslated short stories: "Dieta de Amor," "El Simún," and "Polea Loca." As a preface to these translations I articulate my translation theory and give examples of that theory in practice. I draw upon Jorge Luis Borges, Lawrence Venuti, and Friedrich Schleiermacher as translation scholars who have influenced my work.
From Casa To Career: Language Domains Of Adolescent Heritage Spanish Speakers In The United States, Rachel Emily Koncurat
From Casa To Career: Language Domains Of Adolescent Heritage Spanish Speakers In The United States, Rachel Emily Koncurat
Theses and Dissertations
Adolescence is a critical time for identity development. At this stage, it is important that heritage speakers hear positive messages about their heritage language and have programs that meet their linguistic needs and aspirations. This thesis examines the sociolinguistic domains in which adolescent heritage Spanish speakers use English and Spanish. It addresses two key questions: 1) In what domains do adolescent heritage Spanish speakers use English and Spanish? 2) Do these domains align with the future contexts in which they wish to use Spanish? To answer these questions, I distributed an online survey about language domains and future language goals …
Supporting Female Nontraditional Students In Higher Education: Exploring Instructors And Instructor Leads' Experiences, Adriana Alba
Supporting Female Nontraditional Students In Higher Education: Exploring Instructors And Instructor Leads' Experiences, Adriana Alba
Theses and Dissertations
Women nontraditional students--defined as those who are over 25, delay college enrollment after high school, attend part-time, have dependent children, are single parents, work full-time while studying, or are financially independent--face unique challenges balancing academic pursuits with family and professional responsibilities in online education, yet research on effective support practices remains limited. This study examined the experiences of six BYU-Pathway Worldwide instructors and instructor leads (four instructors and two instructor leads) who support predominantly women nontraditional students in online courses. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of in-depth interviews and follow-up conversations, the research explored how instructors navigate supporting these students. …
Social Belonging In Post-Resettlement Refugees: The Role Of Aid Organizations In The United States, Jessica Jean Byers
Social Belonging In Post-Resettlement Refugees: The Role Of Aid Organizations In The United States, Jessica Jean Byers
Theses and Dissertations
Since 1975, an estimated 3.6 million refugees have entered the United States (USA Facts, 2024). The months and even years following resettlement can be difficult and isolating for refugees. Previous research has shown that creating connections with others can enhance well-being, feelings of security, and self-reliance, all of which are especially needed for vulnerable populations such as refugees (Archambault et al., 2022; Giovanetti et al., 2022). Using the theory of social network analysis and semi-structured, in-depth interviews with aid organization leaders, this study seeks to understand the relationship between refugees and aid organizations during the post-resettlement phase. It also explores …