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Using Next Generation Sequencing (Ngs) To Identify And Predict Micrornas (Mirnas) Potentially Affecting Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder, Vernell Williamson
Using Next Generation Sequencing (Ngs) To Identify And Predict Micrornas (Mirnas) Potentially Affecting Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder, Vernell Williamson
Theses and Dissertations
The last decade has seen considerable research focusing on understanding the factors underlying schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. A major challenge encountered in studying these disorders, however, has been the contribution of genetic, or etiological, heterogeneity to the so-called “missing heritability” [1-6]. Further, recent successes of large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have nonetheless seen only limited advancements in the delineation of the specific roles of implicated genes in disease pathophysiology. The study of microRNAs (miRNAs), given their ability to alter the transcription of hundreds of targeted genes, has the potential to expand our understanding of how certain genes relate to schizophrenia …
A Longitudinal Study Of The Effect Of At Birth Adoptions On Anxiety, Stress Hormones And Adolescent Alcohol Intake: A Nonhuman Primate Model, Whitney Faith Maxwell
A Longitudinal Study Of The Effect Of At Birth Adoptions On Anxiety, Stress Hormones And Adolescent Alcohol Intake: A Nonhuman Primate Model, Whitney Faith Maxwell
Theses and Dissertations
Adopted individuals have an increased risk for a variety of psychopathological disorders. Studies of the effects adoption in humans are difficult to perform because of the difficulty separating genetic risk and treatment effects. This is a developmental study investigating the effects of at birth adoption using a nonhuman primate model. Three experimental paradigms were used to assess maternal treatment, stress-related behavior, and physiology late in infancy and again later in life. Rhesus monkeys were reared for their first six months of life by either their biological mother or an unrelated, lactating adult female. Adoptions occurred immediately following birth. At six …
Relationship Between Exercise And The Expression Of Adhd Symptoms In College Students, Jessica Mcdaniel
Relationship Between Exercise And The Expression Of Adhd Symptoms In College Students, Jessica Mcdaniel
Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between cardio-respiratory exercise levels and the expression of symptoms commonly associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in a college population. Previous research suggests physical exercise may reduce common behavioral symptoms of ADHD. Symptoms commonly associated with ADHD include an inability to focus and feelings of restlessness, which may be harmful to a college student's academic success. The present study surveyed the exercise level, symptom expression, and diagnostic history of undergraduate students (N=315) at Rowan University. Exercise frequency and duration were calculated based on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services …
Sex-Specific Habitat Use And Responses To Fragmentation In An Endemic Chameleon Fauna, Philip Shirk
Sex-Specific Habitat Use And Responses To Fragmentation In An Endemic Chameleon Fauna, Philip Shirk
Theses and Dissertations
Chameleons are an understudied taxon facing many threats, including collection for the international pet trade and habitat loss and fragmentation. A recent field study reports a highly female-biased sex ratio in the Eastern Arc Endemic Usambara three horned chameleon, Trioceros deremensis, a large, sexually dimorphic species. This species is collected for the pet trade, and local collectors report males bring a higher price because only this sex has horns. Thus, sex ratios may vary due to differential rates of survival or harvesting. Alternatively, they may simply appear to be skewed if differences in habitat use biases detection of the sexes. …
Life History Switch Point Plasticy In Response To Pond Drying Alyers Metamorph Allometry And Jumping Performance, Julie Charbonnier
Life History Switch Point Plasticy In Response To Pond Drying Alyers Metamorph Allometry And Jumping Performance, Julie Charbonnier
Theses and Dissertations
Animals with complex life cycles can cope with environmental uncertainty by altering life history switch points through developmental plasticity. Pond drying is an important factor which may alter life history switch points in aquatic organisms. Many amphibians can plastically respond to changes in pond drying by emerging earlier, but few studies have examined the post-metamorphic consequences for performance. To investigate the potential carry-over effects of plasticity to pond drying, we studied the túngara frog, Physalaemus pustulosus, a tropical anuran that breeds in highly ephemeral habitats. We conducted a field study with three different water depth treatments in 60 L mesocosms …
Role Of Fyn And Lyn In Igg-Mediate Immune Responses, Yves Falanga
Role Of Fyn And Lyn In Igg-Mediate Immune Responses, Yves Falanga
Theses and Dissertations
Anaphylaxis is a rapid, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction. Until recently, it was mainly attributed to histamine released by mast cells activated by allergen crosslinking (XL) of FcεRI-bound allergen-specific IgE. However, recent reports established that anaphylaxis could also be triggered by basophil, macrophage and neutrophil secretion of platelet activating factor subsequent to FcγR stimulation by IgG/Ag complexes. I have investigated the contribution of Fyn and Lyn tyrosine kinases to FcγRIIb and FcγRIII signaling in the context of IgG-mediated passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA). I found that mast cell IgG XL induced Fyn, Lyn, Akt, Erk, p38 and JNK phosphorylation. Additionally, IgG XL of …
Data Consistency And Conflict Avoidance In A Multi-User Cax Environment, Robert Aaron Moncur
Data Consistency And Conflict Avoidance In A Multi-User Cax Environment, Robert Aaron Moncur
Theses and Dissertations
This research presents a new method to preserve data consistency in a multi-user CAx environment. The new method includes three types of constraints which work by constraining and controlling both features and users across an entire multi-user CAx platform. The first type of constraint includes locking or reserving features to enable only one user at a time to edit a given feature. The second type of constraint, collaborative feature constraints, allows flexible constraining of each individual feature in a model, and the data that defines it. The third type of constraint, collaborative user constraints, allows the constraining of user permissions …
Student Autonomy: A Case Study Of Intrinsic Motivation In The Art Classroom, Downi Griner
Student Autonomy: A Case Study Of Intrinsic Motivation In The Art Classroom, Downi Griner
Theses and Dissertations
How might a curriculum based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT) influence student motivation and art making in a 9th grade art classroom? The researcher devised a negotiated curriculum called The Master Artist Program based on the SDT theory of intrinsic motivation. The implementation of this curriculum was designed to explore the question of how a curriculum based on SDT theory would influence student motivation and art making in a 9th grade art classroom. This curriculum was implemented in a ninth grade art class on an optional basis for the course of nine weeks. The results of data analysis, illustrated by relevant …
Small Molecules As Negative Allosteric Modulators Of Alpha7 Nachrs, Osama Alwassil
Small Molecules As Negative Allosteric Modulators Of Alpha7 Nachrs, Osama Alwassil
Theses and Dissertations
Alpha7 Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are involved in essential physiological functions and play a role in disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. MD-354 (3-chlorophenylguanidine; 21), the first small–molecule negative allosteric modulator (NAM) at alpha7 nAChRs, served as a lead in developing structure–activity relationships for NAMs at a7 nAChRs. MD-354 (21) also binds at 5-HT3 receptors. Analogs of MD-354 with structural features detrimental to 5-HT3 receptor affinity were evaluated in patch-clamp recordings and an aniline N-methyl analog resulted in a more potent and selective NAM than MD-354. A new N-methyl series of compounds was synthesized in which the 3-position was replaced …
Energetic Costs Of Thermoregulation And Population Life-History Characterization In Eastern Collared Lizards, Casey Lee Brewster
Energetic Costs Of Thermoregulation And Population Life-History Characterization In Eastern Collared Lizards, Casey Lee Brewster
Theses and Dissertations
Thermoregulation theory makes distinct predictions as to the optimal level of thermoregulation when the costs associated with the thermal habitat are less favorable. I designed a manipulative experiment to test the hypothesis that thermal constraints reduce growth rates in hatchling-collared lizards by imposing high and low cost thermoregulation treatments. Lizards thermoregulated similarly between treatments, but grew more slowly in the high cost thermoregulation treatment. My results suggest that the decrement to growth in the high cost treatment is primarily the result of energy diverted from growth to locomotion shuttling between suitable micro- habitats. I combined this experiment with a field …
Canopy Ants Of Central Arkansas And The Atlantic Forest Of Brazil: Community Patterns, Petrus Fauaze Moreira
Canopy Ants Of Central Arkansas And The Atlantic Forest Of Brazil: Community Patterns, Petrus Fauaze Moreira
Theses and Dissertations
Ants in the forest canopy are of special ecological interest due to their high diversity and ecological importance in this relatively inaccessible system. I explored the ecology of ants of temperate and tropical arboreal settings in Central Arkansas and Brazil respectively. I tested the hypothesis that biotic (e.g., tree identity) and abiotic (e.g., spatial distribution) factors regulate the diversity and composition of ants in the forest canopy, as well as the potential conservation benefits of agroforests in the tropics. In Arkansas, tree identity influenced ant species richness in tree crowns, in Brazil, ant species richness was significantly different between primary …
Transferrin Binding Protein B Structure, Function, And Export In Neisseria Gonorrhoeae, Meredith L. Weck
Transferrin Binding Protein B Structure, Function, And Export In Neisseria Gonorrhoeae, Meredith L. Weck
Theses and Dissertations
Iron, an essential nutrient for most microorganisms, is sequestered in the host by iron-binding proteins, such as lactoferrin and transferrin. Neisseria gonorrhoeae utilizes transferrin as an iron source and its iron acquisition system is composed of two transferrin binding proteins: TbpA and TbpB. TbpA is a TonB-dependent, outer membrane transporter and TbpB is a bilobed, surface exposed lipoprotein. TbpB can distinguish between apo- and holo-transferrin which is involved in increasing the efficiency of iron uptake through the Tbps. It is anchored in the outer leaflet of the outer membrane by its lipid moiety. We aimed to identify the mechanism of …
Nonprofit Ethos And Identity: An Interdisciplinary Analysis Of People For The Ethical Treatment Of Animals' Websites, Jessica Marie Kokinos-Havel
Nonprofit Ethos And Identity: An Interdisciplinary Analysis Of People For The Ethical Treatment Of Animals' Websites, Jessica Marie Kokinos-Havel
Theses and Dissertations
Research in the field of nonprofit studies tells us that nonprofit organizations have the inherent ability to provide communities with a distinctive kind of social capital in the form of collective identity and group participation. This identity function is one of the defining characteristics of the nonprofit sector. This study involves a rhetorical analysis of four websites maintained by the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). Each website (PETA.org, PETA Prime, peta2, and PETAKiDS) is aimed at reaching different age groups. This provides us with a unique rhetorical perspective into how the ethos of a nonprofit organization can …
Foraging And Digestive Energetics In Montane And Lowland Salamanders, Cody Lund Barnes
Foraging And Digestive Energetics In Montane And Lowland Salamanders, Cody Lund Barnes
Theses and Dissertations
Thermal physiology substantially limits the distributions of organisms across landscapes. Specifically, the thermal sensitivity of foraging and digestive energetics influence the quantity of energy available for allocating to specific life functions. I hypothesized that foraging and Specific Dynamic Action (SDA) performances would differ between montane endemic and lowland salamander species. I found that foraging energetics differed between the montane endemics, Plethodon ouachitae and P. caddoensis, in comparison to the lowland P. albagula. Differences in foraging energetics were particularly pronounced at the warmest temperature and the montane endemics were more thermally sensitive, suggesting that constraints in foraging energetics influence the elevational …
Osh6 Extends Replicative Lifespan By Transporting Sterols To The Vacuolar Membrane And Promoting Vacuole Fusion, Senetibeb Gebre
Osh6 Extends Replicative Lifespan By Transporting Sterols To The Vacuolar Membrane And Promoting Vacuole Fusion, Senetibeb Gebre
Theses and Dissertations
Families of oxysterol-binding proteins (OSBP) are proposed to be involved in sterol metabolism. The unique sterol composition of eukaryotic membranes requires proteins such as OSBPs that contribute to sterol homeostasis. This thesis explores the role of Osh proteins (OSBP homologues) in membranes of yeast vacuoles in light of lifespan extension. The results show that over-expression of OSH6 promoted vacuole fusion, an ergosterol-requiring process, and extended the replicative lifespan. It is found that the level of Osh6 decreased with age. This decrease is slowed in a mutant expressing elevated OSH6 levels. It is also found that the sterol-binding domain of Osh6 …
A Qualitative Analysis Of High School Students' Experiences In The Latinos In Action Program, Johann Paul Simonds
A Qualitative Analysis Of High School Students' Experiences In The Latinos In Action Program, Johann Paul Simonds
Theses and Dissertations
This research was a qualitative program evaluation of students' perceptions of Latinos in Action (LIA), a peer-mentoring program that seeks to improve high school Latino graduation rates and college admittance. The study was conducted with college students who participated in the program in high school. LIA graduates were interviewed to determine what major factors influenced and supported them in their academic decisions. Additional data included an interview with the program director, results from the High School Survey of Student Engagement (HSSSE), and a video of one of the interviewees. The researcher explored students' experiences in the LIA program with the …
Physiological And Morphological Variation In A Stream Salamander, Desmognathus Brimleyorum, Vanessa K Hilliard Young
Physiological And Morphological Variation In A Stream Salamander, Desmognathus Brimleyorum, Vanessa K Hilliard Young
Theses and Dissertations
Habitats vary in their biotic and abiotic components across space and time. Variability can introduce challenges for organisms unless they have the ability to alter their physiology in a way that maximizes fitness in a variable habitat. My thesis investigated the physiological and morphological responses of the stream salamander Desmignathus brimleyorum to variations in thermal and physical habitat characteristics. Chapter one concentrates on changes in metabolic response and swimming performance of salamanders exposed to differing thermal treatments and tests the predictions of the optimal acclimation theory. Chapter two investigates differences in swimming performance with respect to tail morphology, as well …
Behavioral Phenotyping Of The Discriminative Stimulus Properties Of The Atypical Antipsychotic Drug Clozapine In 129s2/Hsv Mice, Kevin Webster
Behavioral Phenotyping Of The Discriminative Stimulus Properties Of The Atypical Antipsychotic Drug Clozapine In 129s2/Hsv Mice, Kevin Webster
Theses and Dissertations
The 129S2 inbred mouse strain is often used as a background strain in the production of genetically altered mice (i.e. knockout and transgenic mice). It is important to establish the behavioral phenotype of wild-type mice before making comparisons to genetically altered mice. Also, those comparisons can assist in the evaluation and interpretation of the in vivo effects of drugs. The drug discrimination assay measures the subjective effects of drugs and provides a measure of underlying neuropharmacological mechanisms responsible for the discriminative stimulus properties of drugs. The present study established the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine as a discriminative stimulus in male …
The Urban Garden Discourse Community: An Organic Form Of Technical Writing, Adrea Etta Coley
The Urban Garden Discourse Community: An Organic Form Of Technical Writing, Adrea Etta Coley
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this project is to inform the audience about the methods used to process food in America and the importance of urban gardening. Technical writing skills were used to create a manual and a storyboard for a video game to teach novices how to create a home or community garden. The Basic Foundations for Organic Gardening is a manual produced from the journal notes during the author's first year of training in the garden. This project also explores the theory of video games as a tool for teaching. A storyboard was developed for a future interactive video game, …
Applying The Fifth Outcome: Techno-Planking The Composition Classroom, Jacob William Craig
Applying The Fifth Outcome: Techno-Planking The Composition Classroom, Jacob William Craig
Theses and Dissertations
In 2008, the Council of Writing Program Administrators (C-WPA) passed an amendment to their Outcomes Statement, a fifth section that expresses a new expectation, students' ability to compose in digital environments. To create teaching practices that meet the expectations of the amendment, I have adopted a framework designed for teaching writing in the twenty-first century classroom, spaces that are characterized by an abundance of writing tools, shifting notions of contexts, nuanced learning goals, and interdisciplinary content, creating unique problems for student writers and writing instructors. The C3T framework, a model comprised of rhetorical concepts designed by Johnson-Eilola and Selber to …
Outcomes Of A Social Communication Intervention On The Use Of Emotion Words, Amy Tucker Cornett
Outcomes Of A Social Communication Intervention On The Use Of Emotion Words, Amy Tucker Cornett
Theses and Dissertations
Children with language impairment (LI) have often been identified as having social communication breakdowns. A number of these problems are likely the result of deficits in emotional competence. This thesis examines a social communication intervention designed to target the emotional competence of children with LI. Three elementary school-aged children with LI were recruited to receive twenty, 20-minute intervention sessions over the course of four months. Each intervention session involved a combination of activities targeting emotion recognition and emotion inferencing using story retell, story exploration, story enactment, perspectives charts, journal entries, emotion labeling, and personalization. These activities revolved around Mercer Mayer's …
A Content Analysis Of Family Structure In Newbery Medal And Honor Books, 1930 -- 2010, Shannon Marie Despain
A Content Analysis Of Family Structure In Newbery Medal And Honor Books, 1930 -- 2010, Shannon Marie Despain
Theses and Dissertations
Newbery books are a reliable representation of quality children's literature. They have not previously been formally evaluated by the family structures represented in the books. This content analysis considered 87 contemporary realistic fiction Newbery winner and Honor books since the 1930s that portray families in English-speaking, western settings. The family structures portrayed in these books were compared with the family structure categories of the decade in which each book is set. Percentage comparisons revealed that the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s do not represent the actual family structures of their time period. After the Age of New Realism began in the …
Effect Of A Humanoid Robot During Therapy On Responding To Joint Attention With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Katherine Lowe
Effect Of A Humanoid Robot During Therapy On Responding To Joint Attention With Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Katherine Lowe
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined the use of a humanoid robot to engage two children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) on responding language behaviors including language, affect, imitation, and eye contact. The robot was integrated into each child's regular intervention in low-doses (10 min of a 50 min session). The goal was to increase responding language behaviors in the children with their conversational partners. The two children participated in pre and post assessment sessions as well as 16 intervention sessions. The data from these sessions were coded into two main categories including how the children interacted (Initiating Engagement, Responding to …
Aha'aina, Tali Alisa Hafoka
Aha'aina, Tali Alisa Hafoka
Theses and Dissertations
In a Polynesian feast, food is a metaphor for the essence of Polynesian culture—giving without self regard. As Polynesian culture evolves, its aesthetic standard must necessarily change. Two seemingly conflicting essentials are necessary here for the survival of culture—the evolution of the cultural aesthetic, and the constancy of the culture's essence. One might consider as a metaphor the evolution of a tree through the seasons—though the foliage blooms, changes colors, dies and grows brittle, falls and regenerates, etc., the roots remain constant—ever nourishing the tree and ever supporting it and holding it up. As with the tree, the essence of …
The Relationship Between Select Demographic Characteristics And Body Mass Index Among Native Hawaiian And Other Pacific Islander Caregiving Adults, Katrina Duncan
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders (NHOPIs) have the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity in the world. This study identified the proportion of our NHOPI sample in each body mass index (BMI) category and explored relationships between demographic characteristics and BMI. Design: This descriptive correlational study included 364 NHOPI caregiver adults in Utah (n=155) and Hawaii (n=209). We gathered demographic information with a questionnaire. Height and weight were measured for BMI calculations. Results: According to the CDC's BMI categories, 84.3% of our sample was overweight (BMI=25.0-29.9) or obese (BMI ≥30). Participants in Utah had significantly higher BMIs than …
Culvert Roughness Elements For Native Utah Fish Passage: Phase Ii, Suzanne Kim Monk
Culvert Roughness Elements For Native Utah Fish Passage: Phase Ii, Suzanne Kim Monk
Theses and Dissertations
Native fishes have become an increasingly important concern when designing fish passable culverts. Many operational culverts constrict waterways which increase velocities and prevent upstream passage of small fish species. The current method to ensure fish passage is to match the average cross sectional velocity to the sustained swim speed of the fish. This study investigates the passage rates of leatherside chub (Lepidomeda aliciae) and speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus) at three sites (an arch culvert with substrate bottom, box culvert with bare bottom, and a stream section with no culvert) located on Salina Creek near Salina, UT. It was found that …
Angiogenesis In Response To Varying Fiber Size In An Electrospun Scaffold In Vivo., Damien Brown
Angiogenesis In Response To Varying Fiber Size In An Electrospun Scaffold In Vivo., Damien Brown
Theses and Dissertations
Injury to the spinal cord results in partial or complete loss of sensory perception and motor function. After spinal cord injury (SCI), damaged tissue dies and a cavity will form. This cavity prevents the regeneration of tissue and any functional recovery. One way to address the cavity is the insertion of an electrospun scaffold that our lab has created. This provides a substrate for regenerating tissue to grow on, and it is thought that reestablishing the blood supply within the scaffold will allow cells necessary for regeneration to thrive. This could ultimately lead to meaningful recovery for patients who have …
Textbook Bling: An Evaluation Of Textbook Quality And Usability In Open Educational Resources Versus Traditionally Published Textbooks, Jennifer Lynn Price
Textbook Bling: An Evaluation Of Textbook Quality And Usability In Open Educational Resources Versus Traditionally Published Textbooks, Jennifer Lynn Price
Theses and Dissertations
This mixed-methods study evaluated quality, usage, and perceptions of open educational resources compared to traditionally published textbooks. Because textbooks and other related materials make up a significant portion of educational costs, open educational resources have been explored for potential cost savings at all levels of education. These resources use public domain or open-licensed materials as the content component of free eTextbooks or low-cost printed textbooks. This evaluation explores how teachers and students use textbook resources both in and out of the classroom and the degree to which the content and design of open textbooks compares in quality and value to …
Parowan Fremont Faunal Exploitation: Resource Depression Or Feasting?, Sara E. Stauffer
Parowan Fremont Faunal Exploitation: Resource Depression Or Feasting?, Sara E. Stauffer
Theses and Dissertations
The faunal remains of large game such as mule deer, pronghorn, and mountain sheep are abundant at Fremont sites, as are jackrabbits and cottontails. The proportions of these species in Fremont faunal assemblages fluctuate through time. Explanations for these variations range from resource depression to communal activities. This thesis provides the results of the faunal analysis from three previously unreported sites. Paragonah (42IN43), Summit (42IN40), and Parowan (42IN100) are large Fremont sites in the Parowan Valley located 20 miles north of Cedar City in Utah. The purpose of this thesis is to determine if the variations in the faunal assemblage …
Where There Is Design, Elizabeth A. Crowe
Where There Is Design, Elizabeth A. Crowe
Theses and Dissertations
Giving up a certain amount of control can be healthy, productive, and natural. Nature has an important part to play in our lives, and nature is random even as it obeys natural laws. In the same way, creating ceramic objects requires obedience to the laws of nature even as it benefits from freedom from control. Creation requires a certain amount of letting go of control, allowing nature to take its course, and recognizing when good things happen. I have learned that my most successful pieces emerge when I combine conscious control with serendipity. The work in this show reflects that …