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The Impact Of The 2018 Camp Fire On Land-Atmosphere Interactions, Andrew C. Blackford Jan 2024

The Impact Of The 2018 Camp Fire On Land-Atmosphere Interactions, Andrew C. Blackford

Theses

Research on the effects of wildfire-induced changes in land use and land cover (LULC) on atmospheric processes is limited. This thesis presents a thorough analysis using satellite remote sensing and numerical modeling to examine how land-atmosphere interactions have been altered by the burn scar from the 2018 Camp Fire event in California. Satellite data reveals significant changes in surface characteristics affecting land-atmosphere interactions, such as land cover type, vegetation fraction (-0.12), albedo (+0.01), daytime temperature (+2.5 K), and roughness length (>-90%). Numerical modeling, based on satellite-derived LULC change scenarios, indicates notable shifts in net radiation (-0.2 MJ m-2), sensible …


Small Molecule Modulation Of The P75 Neurotrophin Receptor Attenuates Neurodegeneration In An In Vitro Model Of Parkinson’S Disease, Poshan Pokharel Jan 2024

Small Molecule Modulation Of The P75 Neurotrophin Receptor Attenuates Neurodegeneration In An In Vitro Model Of Parkinson’S Disease, Poshan Pokharel

Theses

The p75 Neurotrophin Receptor (p75NTR) is a multifunctional transmembrane protein expressed in distinct regions of the adult nervous system. p75NTR regulates various functions, including neuronal survival or apoptosis interacting with coreceptors Trk receptors or sortilin. Activation of p75NTR occurs through proteolytic processing, and we previously demonstrated that oxidative stress induces activation of p75NTR in LUHMES cells, a neuronal cell line derived from the human ventral mesencephalon. Dopaminergic neurons of the ventral mesencephalon are vulnerable to oxidative stress and neurodegeneration associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Thus, we evaluated the mechanisms behind p75NTR activation and its physiological implications in a PD model. …


Curation And Analysis Of Ai Ready Environmental Justice Datasets : A Proof-Of-Concept Study, Paridhi Parajuli Jan 2024

Curation And Analysis Of Ai Ready Environmental Justice Datasets : A Proof-Of-Concept Study, Paridhi Parajuli

Theses

Equity and Environmental Justice (EEJ) advocates for unbiased distribution of environmental impacts across communities, regardless of social and economic characteristics. After extreme events like natural disasters, EEJ gains importance due to evident disparities in impact among communities. Addressing these injustices requires comprehensive datasets and analytical methods for quantification and resolution. While AI and advanced data analysis offer promising solutions, creating AI-ready EEJ datasets is challenging due to heterogeneity in the data surrounding EEJ. In this work, we focus on curating novel datasets for EEJ targeting a few recent extreme events - Maui Wildfire, Hurricane Harvey, and Hurricane Ida. We demonstrate …


Functionalizing Silicon Oxide Like Surfaces With Fatty Acids, Maman Sani Maman Brah Maman Jan 2024

Functionalizing Silicon Oxide Like Surfaces With Fatty Acids, Maman Sani Maman Brah Maman

Theses

The goal of this project was to make flat hydrophilic, silicon oxide-like surfaces hydrophobic. Using fatty acids in a wet chemistry approach. Glass, mica, and silicon wafer surfaces were cleaned with standard methods from the literature. The substrates were functionalized with oleic acid and stearic acid in ethyl alcohol. The solution concentration was held constant at 100 times a theoretical minimum concentration. The substrates were immersed at various functionalization times and various solution temperatures. Contact angle goniometer was used to measure the contact angle for water on the functionalized surfaces. The results confirmed that glass and oxidized silicon wafer surfaces …


The Effectiveness Of Online Video-Based Training Methods, Chloe L. Wood Jan 2024

The Effectiveness Of Online Video-Based Training Methods, Chloe L. Wood

Theses

Employee training is considered critical for organization success legitimacy. The present study investigated the effects of four different online training methods on post- test recall. Student participants from UAH viewed one of four types of videos covering diversity, equity, and inclusion concepts--generative scenarios in which participants generated a label for what the scenarios covered, descriptive scenarios that included a label, a control with scenarios, and a control with no scenarios. Scenarios involved school-based and work-based examples to assess how the relevance of context for student non-workers versus student-workers impacted recall. A repeated measures ANOVA revealed that across all four conditions …


The Design And Testing Of A One Megaampere Pulsed Power System, Logan Towers Jan 2024

The Design And Testing Of A One Megaampere Pulsed Power System, Logan Towers

Theses

This thesis details the design, construction, and testing of a 1 megaampere (MA) class pulsed power system (PPS) named Sparky. Sparky's creation stemmed from the desire to explore subscale fusion experiments, where a strong correlation between fusion yield and peak current has been observed. The system offers reconfigurability through diverse load attachments enabling it to deliver currents ranging from 105 to 106 amps and cater to various experimental needs. Sparky is a 60 kJ capacitor bank consisting of six 13.5 µF capacitors rated at a maximum charging voltage of 35 kV. Most of our tests, which consisted of discharging Sparky …


The Effect Of Emotional Demeanor Of Adult Sexual Assault Victim Testimonies On Mock Jurors' Verdicts, Callie Ahearn Jan 2024

The Effect Of Emotional Demeanor Of Adult Sexual Assault Victim Testimonies On Mock Jurors' Verdicts, Callie Ahearn

Theses

Experiencing a sexual assault and testifying in trial are both highly emotional events that can influence a witness to display strong negative emotions. The display of emotion is referred to as the emotional demeanor and the present study examined the impact of a victim’s emotional demeanor on jury decision-making. Results revealed a main effect of crying during the direct examination with more guilty verdicts and higher pro-victim ratings (believability, credibility, and trustworthiness). Female participants provided higher pro-victim judgments on believability than male participants. Verdict reasoning demonstrated that participants had an idea of what they expected a rape victim to look …


Reduction Of Cognitive Load In Immersive Virtual Reality With Multisensory Cues, Daniel Wilson Jan 2024

Reduction Of Cognitive Load In Immersive Virtual Reality With Multisensory Cues, Daniel Wilson

Theses

This study investigated the effects of multimodal interfaces and immersive virtual environments on cognitive load. Participants played a first-person target shooting game with either a virtual reality headset or on a monitor, using visual, auditory-visual, and a haptic-visual interfaces. Performance and self-reported data about cognitive load and spatial presence were collected for each interface. The study found that both immersive environments and multimodal interfaces reduced cognitive load. Additionally, an interaction was seen such that multimodal interfaces were more effective at reducing cognitive load in immersive environments. These findings indicate that the addition of more modalities into interfaces, especially in highly …


Spectral Deconvolution Using Machine Learning For Determining Material Compositions In Mixed Samples, Prakash Chaudhary Jan 2024

Spectral Deconvolution Using Machine Learning For Determining Material Compositions In Mixed Samples, Prakash Chaudhary

Theses

Hyperspectral unmixing is essential in determining material compositions in mixed samples with a larger number of endmembers, but achieving precise decom- position remains challenging due to the limited work done, the presence of spectral variability, and endmember complexities. This study proposes many machine learning methods and techniques to identify the material composition in mixed samples (composites). Other methods to solve this problem mainly focus on a very small number of endmembers; our approach works with many end members, improving the model’s robustness. The proposed methods effectively tackle spectral variability, high dimensionality, and the presence of similar endmembers by integrating a …


The Design, Implementation, And Evaluation Of A Hybrid Sensemaking Tool Combining Traditional Physical Devices With Augmented Reality, Kaden Gryphon Jan 2024

The Design, Implementation, And Evaluation Of A Hybrid Sensemaking Tool Combining Traditional Physical Devices With Augmented Reality, Kaden Gryphon

Theses

This thesis is about our work integrating traditional devices, for example, mobile and stationary displays, into an augmented reality (AR) tool for analyzing data during sensemaking tasks. We create a framework for breaking down analysis tasks into three steps. Using our framework we design and implement the AR bulletin board (ARBB).We conduct a user study to evaluate ARBB, using the results and user feedback to create design implications. Our study supports that having a physical device helps users complete interactions faster, and users are more likely to use the tools during sensemaking to create more complex organizations.


Clearscan : A Machine Learning System For Customized, Site-Specific Radar Image Filters, Erick Jones Jan 2024

Clearscan : A Machine Learning System For Customized, Site-Specific Radar Image Filters, Erick Jones

Theses

In the field of radar meteorology, a perpetual problem is removal of so-called anomalous propagation (AP), i.e. non-precipitation echoes, from the produced images. Much work has been done in this area already, including conventional heuristic algorithms as well as machine-learning systems such as neural networks. Often the focus is on certain familiar radar architectures such as WSR-88D, also known as NEXRAD. However, a large number of radars exist which are not identical to NEXRAD; and there are also environmental differences such as RF interference which can affect the success rate of existing AP removal strategies. The focus of this paper …


Isolation, Purification, Crystallization And Preliminary X-Ray Data Analysis Of The B Family Dna Polymerase From Thermococcus Thioreducens, Emika Miyamoto Jan 2024

Isolation, Purification, Crystallization And Preliminary X-Ray Data Analysis Of The B Family Dna Polymerase From Thermococcus Thioreducens, Emika Miyamoto

Theses

Family B DNA polymerases are the core polymerizing enzymes that carry out the essential process of DNA replication in many Archaeal organisms. Archaea depend on the unique properties of their DNA polymerases to faithfully replicate DNA within extreme environments. Variation in the catalytic properties of DNA polymerases from different organisms can be elucidated through detailed structural analysis by means of macromolecular X-ray crystallography. Crystallization is the crucial and bottleneck step in the process of determining the protein’s three-dimensional structure by X-ray diffraction—essentially no crystal, no structure. This study optimizes the isolation and purification of recombinant DNA polymerase B from Thermococcus …


Data Remanence Vulnerabilities In Embedded Sram At Low Temperature, Farzana Hoque Jan 2024

Data Remanence Vulnerabilities In Embedded Sram At Low Temperature, Farzana Hoque

Theses

Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) memory is prevalent as cache memory in computing platforms and embedded systems. SRAM frequently stores essential information such as cryptographic keys, passwords, and other confidential data. Consequently, a data remanence-based attack on SRAM can result in significant damage. When power is removed, SRAM gradually loses data rather than immediately, especially at lower temperatures. This phenomenon, known as data remanence, poses a significant security risk, as it can be exploited through cold boot attacks targeting encryption keys and other sensitive data. Understanding temperature-induced vulnerabilities in embedded SRAM is crucial for enhancing the security and reliability of …


The Effects Of Reducing Carbon Content In The Processing Of Superalloy Inconel 718, Glenn "Joey" Scott Jan 2024

The Effects Of Reducing Carbon Content In The Processing Of Superalloy Inconel 718, Glenn "Joey" Scott

Theses

The properties of Inconel 718 (IN718) are dependent on the elemental composition and microstructure. Applications using IN718 include rocket and jet engine parts. These parts are often complex and difficult to machine, making IN718 ideal for additive manufacturing processes such as laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF). The various phases that form in IN718 rely on the niobium (Nb) content including the carbides. The precipitates also include Nb in the strengthening phases of gamma prime and gamma double prime. Overaging of gamma double prime transforms the metastable phase into the stable delta phase, which also controls grain size. This study evaluates the …


Aerodynamic Losses Of Additively Manufactured Blades In Transonic Conditions With Different Surface Treatments, Chase Allen Herrin Jan 2024

Aerodynamic Losses Of Additively Manufactured Blades In Transonic Conditions With Different Surface Treatments, Chase Allen Herrin

Theses

Additive manufacturing (AM) allows the production of high strength and high temperature alloys to increase the operational temperature of turbines and other engine components. AM inherently has high surface texturing, inclusive of waviness due to the layering effect in the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process, and roughness due to surface defects such as partially sintered powder, deep notches, and micro-cracks. This thesis investigates how different surface treatments affect the surface static pressure variations and wake aerodynamic loss characteristics for each blade. A supersonic transonic blow down wind tunnel with a linear cascade test section is used to acquire this …


Assessing The Mesoscale Variability And Rapid Tornadogenesis In The High-Shear/Low-Cape, Surging Qlcs In Northern Alabama On 01 April 2023, Joshua L. Huggins Jan 2024

Assessing The Mesoscale Variability And Rapid Tornadogenesis In The High-Shear/Low-Cape, Surging Qlcs In Northern Alabama On 01 April 2023, Joshua L. Huggins

Theses

On 01 April 2023, a severe QLCS impacted Northern Alabama during the PERiLS field campaign under High-Shear/Low-CAPE (HSLC) conditions, with CAPE below 1000 J/kg and 0-6 km wind shear exceeding 25 m/s. This study examines the mesoscale variability and tornadogenesis within the QLCS. Ceilometer and Radar Wind Profiler data indicated lowering cloud bases and shifts in the boundary layer winds. Surface analyses revealed a cold pool strength of -9◦C at the tornadogenesis location, with significant spatial variability. Storm Relative Helicity values decreased from nearly 900 to 350 m2/s2 by 0800 UTC. A lightning jump around 0756 UTC coincided with a …


Analyzing Qualitative Data Collection Methods In Systems Engineering, Rosemary Cortelli Jan 2024

Analyzing Qualitative Data Collection Methods In Systems Engineering, Rosemary Cortelli

Theses

The goal of this thesis is to expand the research on human decision-making in engineering systems by exploring qualitative data collection methods utilized in systems engineering. Analyses are performed to identify differences in qualitative data collection method use across the life cycle and throughout technical processes. 495 sources were evaluated for qualitative data collection method use identified from systems engineering literature and analyzed using statistical analyses. Of these, 93 sources utilized data collection methods of documentary analysis, narratives, focus groups, observations, and interviews which traced across every life cycle phase and most technical processes. The findings show there are significant …


Spectropolarimetric Properties Of Vortex Retarders, Ella Elizabeth James Jan 2024

Spectropolarimetric Properties Of Vortex Retarders, Ella Elizabeth James

Theses

Vortex retarders are unique optical elements that create a uniform electric field phase retardance, but the traditional fast axis varies azimuthally over the area of the optic. This affects the radial and azimuthal polarization components of the incoming beam. The vortex retarders discussed here generate TEM10 and TEM20 Laguerre-Gaussian beams. While several varieties of these TEM10 and TEM20 vortex retarders exist, designed to function at specific wavelengths–and a few studies have reported their use at those wavelengths–almost no data exists detailing their polarimetric properties outside those wavelengths. Using a Mueller matrix spectropolarimeter with dual-rotating retarders, the polarization properties of four …


Physiological Effects Of Facial Expressions During Cognitive And Social Stress, Emily X. Sorrells Jan 2024

Physiological Effects Of Facial Expressions During Cognitive And Social Stress, Emily X. Sorrells

Theses

This study explored the dynamics of facial expressions during stress. This 2 X 2 (Facial Expression by Task) mixed design evaluated how smiling and grimacing affected physiological and self-report measures of cognitive and social stress. The study implemented continuous monitoring of electrodermal activity (EDA). Facial expression was manipulated between-subjects as a genuine smile or grimace using chopsticks in the mouth. Task was manipulated as a counterbalanced within-subjects as a cognitive stressor using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT) and a social stressor using Cyberball. Time was analyzed as repeated measures of change from baseline of EDA. Participants provided ratings …


Characterization Of Thin-Walled W-24re Structures Fabricated Using Laser-Powder Bed Fusion, Madelyne Rushing Jan 2024

Characterization Of Thin-Walled W-24re Structures Fabricated Using Laser-Powder Bed Fusion, Madelyne Rushing

Theses

W-24Re is a refractory alloy used in high temperature applications due to its high melting point, recrystallization temperature, and tensile strength. Due to the high melting point, fabrication is more commonly achieved through powder metallurgy processing, which relies on diffusion. As the material is available as a powder, it is a good candidate for laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) processing. This study focuses on characterization of L-PBF of W-24Re thin-walled structures to determine the feasibility and primary failure mechanisms under tension compared to that of bulk W-24Re. A laser parameter set was developed, and samples were provided by Quadrus Corporation for …


Functionalization Of Silicon Oxide-Like Surfaces Using A Fluorosilane, Elizabeth Cantrell Jan 2024

Functionalization Of Silicon Oxide-Like Surfaces Using A Fluorosilane, Elizabeth Cantrell

Theses

The project goal was to functionalize silicon oxide-like surfaces to become hydrophobic using 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane CF3(CF2)7(CH2)2Si(OCH3)3 (PTFMS). The objective was to find the reaction conditions that will make glass and silicon (Si) wafers hydrophobic. The parameters studied were time, solution concentration, and temperature. Contact angle goniometry was used to measure the hydrophobicity of the samples. The threshold reaction time on glass was 150 hours, and the threshold reaction time for Si wafers was 300 hours. A significant difference in hydrophobicity on glass surfaces exists after 300 hours when the concentration is lowered by a factor of 10. …


Development Of Tungsten Rhenium Hafnium Carbide Tooling For Friction Stir Welding Of Nickel Based Superalloys, Zachary H. Perrin Jan 2024

Development Of Tungsten Rhenium Hafnium Carbide Tooling For Friction Stir Welding Of Nickel Based Superalloys, Zachary H. Perrin

Theses

Development of advanced high strength and high temperature tool materials are required for solid-state friction stir welding (FSW) of nickel-based superalloys. FSW tooling must be able to survive at the temperatures experienced in the FSW weldment in conjunction with very high mechanical loading. Thus improving the durability of FSW tool materials is critical to producing acceptable welds and expanding FSW application areas. The refractory alloy Tungsten-Rhenium-Hafnium Carbide (W-25%Re-4%HfC) is able to operate at temperatures of over 1000 °C, while maintaining the ductility required for good. Building upon previous research that demonstrated the 4% Hafnium Carbide (HfC) additive’s ability to yield …


Generation Of True Random Numbers With A First Order Chaotic Circuit, Austin Davis Jan 2024

Generation Of True Random Numbers With A First Order Chaotic Circuit, Austin Davis

Theses

True randomness backed by first principles theory is surprisingly rare in physically implemented circuit for cybersecurity applications. This thesis provides an illustrative case of a chaotic one-dimensional map circuit with a design driven by a need for rudimentary theory concerned with the limits of its entropy production. Analysis, simulation, and hardware measurements are evaluated against statistical randomness tests issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Interestingly, the results provided here highlight strong relationships between first principles theory of design and measured results when varying parameters. We observe matching characteristics between analytic, simulated and measured hardware results for NIST …


Enhancing Accessibility : A Pilot Study For Context-Aware Image-Caption To American Sign Language (Asl) Translation, Oluwafolahanmi Adedamola Aluko Jan 2024

Enhancing Accessibility : A Pilot Study For Context-Aware Image-Caption To American Sign Language (Asl) Translation, Oluwafolahanmi Adedamola Aluko

Theses

Since the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the explosion of Generative AI, much work has been done around image captioning, providing wildly accurate captions from still images, and more recently videos [3]. Alt-Text has improved dramatically with efforts to enhance context and sentiment captured during automated captioning. This thesis attempts to expand on a section on Natural Language Processing (NLP) and its relevance to promoting accessibility and context-awareness in the premise of the American Sign Language (ASL) application. This thesis explores what it means to give full context about a caption or image to the end user, including sentiments, …


Development Of Tio2/Nh2-Mil-125 Nanocomposite For The Removal Of Ciprofloxacin Under Induced Solar Irradiation, Bilkis Mojisola Ajiwokewu Jan 2024

Development Of Tio2/Nh2-Mil-125 Nanocomposite For The Removal Of Ciprofloxacin Under Induced Solar Irradiation, Bilkis Mojisola Ajiwokewu

Theses

This research focuses on the development and application of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)-based nanocomposites for the photocatalytic removal of pharmaceutical contaminants, with a specific emphasis on ciprofloxacin (CIP). The photocatalytic degradation of CIP was investigated using as-synthesized photocatalysts of TiO2 nanowires (TiO2NWs), bare MOF of NH2-MIL-125, TiO2NW/NH2-MIL-125 composite, and Lanthanum (La)-doped composite. Intriguingly, the TiO2NW/NH2-MIL-125 composite exhibited the highest efficiency, achieving a photodegradation rate of 0.0111 min-1, surpassing the independent performances of bare MOF of NH2-MIL-125 and TiO2NW. The observed efficiency was attributed to …


The Effects Of Blue Light From Digital Displays On Visual Fatigue, Victor Taboadela Dec 2023

The Effects Of Blue Light From Digital Displays On Visual Fatigue, Victor Taboadela

Theses

With the ever-increasing viewing time of digital displays, the potential effects of blue light emitted from these displays on eye health and eye fatigue are a real concern. This study presents a literature review of six laboratory studies conducted between 2014 and 2022 on the effect of using filters to attenuate the harmful effects of blue light. The review delves into smartphone and computer screen effects, recent literature reviews on blue light, and potential hazards associated with short-wavelength light. Although the majority of the studies recommended blue light filters, only three of the six laboratory studies (Shi et al. 2021, …


Assessing Neurobehavioral Deficits And Neuroinflammation Following Rllb In A Transgenic Mouse Model, Aakaash Gosain Dec 2023

Assessing Neurobehavioral Deficits And Neuroinflammation Following Rllb In A Transgenic Mouse Model, Aakaash Gosain

Theses

As global conflicts are escalating, military personnel have long faced the constant threat of explosions, heightening the risk of blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI). The recent increase in war conflicts and combat zones worldwide not only puts the military, service members, and police forces at risk but also innocent civilians who are caught in the crossfire. While moderate to severe bTBIs have been extensively studied, the pathology of repeated low-level blasts (rLLB) remains less understood. This research addresses the gap in knowledge regarding the long-term consequences of rLLB injuries in the neural anatomy. A transgenic mouse model was subjected to …


Gen-Acceleration: Pioneering Work For Hardware Accelerator Generation Using Large Language Models, Durga Lakshmi Venkata Deepak Vungarala Dec 2023

Gen-Acceleration: Pioneering Work For Hardware Accelerator Generation Using Large Language Models, Durga Lakshmi Venkata Deepak Vungarala

Theses

Optimizing computational power is critical in the age of data-intensive applications and Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML). While facing challenging bottlenecks, conventional Von-Neumann architecture with implementing such huge tasks looks seemingly impossible. Hardware Accelerators are critical in efficiently deploying these technologies and have been vastly explored in edge devices. This study explores a state-of-the-art hardware accelerator; Gemmini is studied; we leveraged the open-sourced tool. Furthermore, we developed a Hardware Accelerator in the study we compared with the Non-Von-Neumann architecture. Gemmini is renowned for efficient matrix multiplication, but configuring it for specific tasks requires manual effort and expertise. We propose implementing …


Photomechanical Properties Of Azobenzene Doped Lcn Films For Surface Healing Applications, Daniel Luis Mojica Dec 2023

Photomechanical Properties Of Azobenzene Doped Lcn Films For Surface Healing Applications, Daniel Luis Mojica

Theses

Azobenzene doped liquid crystal network (LCN) polymers are being well studied for their potential in many applications such as light activated organic actuators, memory materials, and as surfaces capable of complex topographical texture changes. A novel application is explored with azobenzene doped LCN materials being used as a self-healing protective polymer layer capable of healing surface compression damage which alters its original topography. Preliminary studies showed that LCN materials are very capable of healing indentations caused by compression damage. This work delves into understanding how this material can be altered in the manufacturing process to improve its surface healing capabilities. …


Evaluation Of Electrical Grid Resilience Based On Φλεπ Metrics And Integration Of A Nuclear Power Plant, Abdulla Darwish Alblooshi Dec 2023

Evaluation Of Electrical Grid Resilience Based On Φλεπ Metrics And Integration Of A Nuclear Power Plant, Abdulla Darwish Alblooshi

Theses

This study analyzes electrical grid resilience, the evaluation methods, and resilience metrics, as well as the impact of a nuclear power plant as a base-load supplier on the resilience of an electrical grid during extreme events such as high-speed winds or hurricanes. The case study was implemented on a 10-generator 39-bus system (New England) using PowerWorld, and the data extraction and plotting were performed using MATLAB. The wind speeds, fragility curves, and time-to-restore function were randomly created based on previous models, and their values were extracted from MATLAB calculation using randomly generated but uniformly distributed wind speeds. The resilience metrics …