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Understanding The Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear And Explosive (Cbrne) Defense Policy Making Process Through Historical And Current Event Analysis, Michaela Christine Mesiti Sep 2022

Understanding The Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear And Explosive (Cbrne) Defense Policy Making Process Through Historical And Current Event Analysis, Michaela Christine Mesiti

Theses

Understanding Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) defense policies is critical in promoting safety to civilian and military personnel in the United States and globally. This thesis first examines a few of the most significant CBRNE policies in history, their place in the world today, and how their creation has impacted society. Utilizing two canonical policy making models– the “linear model” and the “policy stream model”– a range of case studies are analyzed to examine how decision-making behind CBRNE policy compares with other comparable policy domains, particularly non-CBRNE biotechnology innovation. The likelihood of proactivity and the potential influence of …


Skills Gap In The Information Technology Sector In Kosovo, Erze Ahmeti Sep 2022

Skills Gap In The Information Technology Sector In Kosovo, Erze Ahmeti

Theses

The main focus of this research project is to identify the extent to which companies in the IT sector in Kosovo are being affected by the skill gaps and the ways through which they are trying to bridge these skill gaps. While the IT industry in Kosovo shows great growth potential, the skill gap appears to be a prevailing problem that hinders this sector’s development. The study analyzes the implications of the skill gap for the growth of private companies and the sector in general; as well as the ways used by the sector to narrow the skill gap. To …


Exploring The Efficacy Of Kinetic Facades In A Northern Climate [Rochester, Ny], George Ray-Offor Aug 2022

Exploring The Efficacy Of Kinetic Facades In A Northern Climate [Rochester, Ny], George Ray-Offor

Theses

The quality of a building is greatly influenced by the design of its facades. Essentially, it serves as a barrier between an interior area and the outside environment. This implies that the façade serves as a conduit for communication between the activities going] on within and outside the building. Façade design has an impact on the appearance of a structure, and consequently on the perception of its users. The adoption of Kinetic façades may dramatically reduce energy consumption in buildings, which accounts for around one-third of total energy consumption worldwide. This thesis will investigate a computational technique to improve building …


Biophilic Architecture Used To Improve Patient Outcomes And Recovery In Behavioral Health Centers, Heidy M. Valdez Aug 2022

Biophilic Architecture Used To Improve Patient Outcomes And Recovery In Behavioral Health Centers, Heidy M. Valdez

Theses

Humans naturally seek adventure and the outdoors. Currently, US institutions that care for people with chronic illnesses, severe injuries, and mental health conditions often exist in neutral spaces with little to no natural elements. Because this does not promote patient happiness, patient recovery time tends to be longer. These institutions are usually not pleasant for patients or their relatives and are seen as negative spaces by the public, which should not be the case. Typical design elements include windows with thick daylight-blocking mullions to ensure no patient tries to hurt themselves, small and dark rooms, white walls, and no private …


Constraints On Compact Binary Formation And Effective Gravitational Wave Likelihood Approximation, Vera Del Favero Aug 2022

Constraints On Compact Binary Formation And Effective Gravitational Wave Likelihood Approximation, Vera Del Favero

Theses

Since the initial discovery of gravitational-waves from merging black holes, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration together with Virgo and KAGRA have published 90 gravitational-wave observations of compact binary mergers in the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog papers. One of the quintessential questions of this decade in gravitational-wave astronomy is the characterization and impact of the population of observed gravitational-wave signals from merging black holes and neutron stars. Now, there is greater incentive than ever to study the formation channels for these compact binary mergers. In this work, we carry out an investigation of isolated binary evolution formation channel, comparing predictions of the gravitational-wave …


Impacts Of Drugs On Neurotransmission, Wenrong He Aug 2022

Impacts Of Drugs On Neurotransmission, Wenrong He

Theses

The most sophisticated and mysterious human organ is the brain. The human brain is made up of billions of neurons, which are working nonstop to send and receive messages to regulate the body’s basic functions. Neurons communicate by releasing neurotransmitters from a sending neuron into the synapse, then a receiving neuron picks up the signals on its receptors from neurotransmitters. Drugs can interfere with the communication between neurons in the brain. They can affect the way people feel, react or behave. Drug use impacts the brain’s neuronal circuits which may lead to inflexible behaviors, lack of self-control, and compulsive drug …


Framing Trust In Artificial Intelligence (Ai) Ethics Communication: Analysis Of Ai Ethics Guiding Principles Through The Lens Of Framing Theory, Namrata Nagar Aug 2022

Framing Trust In Artificial Intelligence (Ai) Ethics Communication: Analysis Of Ai Ethics Guiding Principles Through The Lens Of Framing Theory, Namrata Nagar

Theses

With the fast proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in our society, several corporations, governments, research institutions, and NGOs have produced and published AI ethics guiding documents. These include principles, guidelines, frameworks, assessment lists, training modules, blogs, and principle-to-practice strategies. The priorities, focus, and articulation of these innumerable documents vary to different extents. Though they all aim and claim to ensure AI usage for the common good, the actual AI system outcomes in various social applications have invigorated ethical dilemmas and scholarly debates. This study presents the analysis of AI ethics principles and guidelines text published by three pioneers from …


Bayesian Inference And Prediction In Cardiac Electrophysiology Models With An Application To Representing Variability, Alejandro Nieto Ramos Aug 2022

Bayesian Inference And Prediction In Cardiac Electrophysiology Models With An Application To Representing Variability, Alejandro Nieto Ramos

Theses

Many different techniques have been used for parameter estimation in cardiac electrophysiology models, from optimization algorithms to heuristic and frequentist statistical methods. However, the fixed parameter values obtained from such approaches cannot provide a complete description of variability within an individual or across a population. To overcome this shortcoming, in this work we adopt a Bayesian approach by applying the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm to cardiac electrophysiology models and data for the first time through three studies. (i) Using HMC, we fit synthetic and experimental cardiac voltage data from different pacing rates and find the probability distributions of the …


Acquisition Strategies For Gravitational Wave Surrogate Modeling, Karl Daningburg Aug 2022

Acquisition Strategies For Gravitational Wave Surrogate Modeling, Karl Daningburg

Theses

Gravitational wave science is dependent upon expensive numerical simulations, which provide the foundational understanding of binary merger radiation needed to interpret observations of massive binary black holes. The high cost of these simulations limits large-scale campaigns to explore the binary black hole parameter space. Surrogate models have been developed to efficiently interpolate between simulation results, but these models require a sufficiently comprehensive sample to train on. Acquisition functions can be used to identify points in the domain for simulation. We develop a new acquisition function which accounts for the cost of simulating new points. We show that when applied to …


Microengineering Aligned Collagen Substrates In Microfluidic Systems, Adeel Ahmed Aug 2022

Microengineering Aligned Collagen Substrates In Microfluidic Systems, Adeel Ahmed

Theses

Cells in vivo are surrounded by a fibrous matrix of proteins and macromolecules called the extracellular matrix (ECM), of which type I collagen is the major constituent. During tissue development or cell-matrix interactions, collagen fibers organize into aligned domains with defined degrees of alignment and directionality. Aligned fibers guide stem cell differentiation and influence cell-cell communication and cell motility. In the tumor microenvironment, aligned fibers guide tumor cell invasion and have been linked to poor patient outcomes. Since fiber alignment instructs cell behavior in vivo, there is a need for in vitro models to replicate fiber alignment and thus provide …


Deep Learning For Medical Imaging In A Biased Environment, Usman Mahmood Aug 2022

Deep Learning For Medical Imaging In A Biased Environment, Usman Mahmood

Theses

Deep learning (DL) based applications have successfully solved numerous problems in machine perception. In radiology, DL-based image analysis systems are rapidly evolving and show progress in guiding treatment decisions, diagnosing, localizing disease on medical images, and improving radiologists' workflow. However, many DL-based radiological systems fail to generalize when deployed in new hospital settings, and the causes of these failures are not always clear. Although significant effort continues to be invested in applying DL algorithms to radiological data, many open questions and issues that arise from incomplete datasets remain. To bridge the gap, we first review the current state of artificial …


Interaction With Accessibility On Digital Gaming Platform, Thomas Scott Rothdeutsch Aug 2022

Interaction With Accessibility On Digital Gaming Platform, Thomas Scott Rothdeutsch

Theses

This project focuses on the designing an user-interface to solve these issues with these certain accessibilities could lead to a better, functionable platform that allows the user with disabilities to be able to play the digital games. It can be projected on projector or touchscreen technology, using its function to provide more availability to support the players to reduce their struggle interacting with an actual physical board and card games. These struggles include opening the packaging, losing pieces, instructions are confusing and constantly moving around to be on the right spot. The features with accessibility will include icons for the …


Intelligent Tutoring In A Vr Classroom, Harendar Pharswan Aug 2022

Intelligent Tutoring In A Vr Classroom, Harendar Pharswan

Theses

ITS(Intelligent Tutoring Systems) have played a significant role in today’s smart learning educational technology environment, where students are given feedback instantly at scale. However, the current, more practically inclined approaches de-emphasize the reliance on the problematic student model, i.e. student's motivation, emotional state and interest instead put more effort into the construction of theory-based user interfaces. Although research in ITS has produced many interesting theoretical insights, there are relatively few ITS which are regularly and effectively used. Through research conducted into current practices in ITS, gaps within the system have been noted. Specifically, the paper attempts to propose a solution …


Coffit: An Interaction Design Project For Remote Employees To Enjoy Casual Talks And Interact With Each Other In A Virtual Environment, Yifei (Effie) Wang Aug 2022

Coffit: An Interaction Design Project For Remote Employees To Enjoy Casual Talks And Interact With Each Other In A Virtual Environment, Yifei (Effie) Wang

Theses

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has changed a portion of people’s way of living and forced a radical shift in working habits. Due to restrictions of non-essential travel and the need for social distancing, many companies have adopted a work-from-home policy for their employees; with some even allowing it to be a permanent move. The policy creates a number of benefits such as increased productivity, reduced commuting time costs, attracting the best talent from any location, and more. And yet challenges have appeared. Long-term remote workers frequently experience feelings of loneliness and isolation, as well as a decline in …


Light Scattering Studies Of Hyaluronate Solutions, Tim Mcnutt Aug 2022

Light Scattering Studies Of Hyaluronate Solutions, Tim Mcnutt

Theses

The results of light scattering experiments on aqueous solutions of sodium hyaluronate are reported. Hyaluronate is an important component of the eye lens vitreous and many other connective tissues. The dependence of the light scattering on sodium hyaluronate molecular weight is studied and compared with a renormalization group model of polymer solution free energies. The results for the molecular weight and concentration ranges investigated fall on or near a universal scaling relationship provided by the model. This work extends previous comparisons of polyelectrolyte solutions to the same scaling relation.


Investigating Kandinsky's Inspiration From Michelangelo Buonarroti, Asal F. Morvari Aug 2022

Investigating Kandinsky's Inspiration From Michelangelo Buonarroti, Asal F. Morvari

Theses

This study aims to analyze Kandinsky's The Last Judgment painting and compare it with Michelangelo's The Last Judgment to show that Michelangelo's work influenced Kandinsky's painting. For this study, the mixed-methods methodology is applied, which refers to an emergent methodology of research that advances the systematic integration or combining of quantitative and qualitative analysis within a single investigation. Mathematical analysis and a review of Kandinsky's books and manuscripts are considered. Image processing analysis is applied using biorthogonal Wavelet analysis and Canny Edge detection, in conjunction with Kandinsky's writings on color theory, to determine whether Kandinsky was inspired by Michelangelo's The …


World War Ii American Propaganda: The Art And Appeal Behind Women On The Domestic Front, Katherine Grace Noe Aug 2022

World War Ii American Propaganda: The Art And Appeal Behind Women On The Domestic Front, Katherine Grace Noe

Theses

While men served their country through military duty during the second World War, women were encouraged to do their part in ways that challenged their traditional roles as the American housewife. Because so many men were off at the front, the United States government had to create new ways to manipulate and persuade American women to join the workforce. Posters and other media featured strong, relatable women and phrases that encouraged women to serve. Propaganda not only suggested how women should act, but also manipulated society’s view of women’s role in the war efforts. Most people are familiar with iconic …


Southern African American Communities: The Portrait Photography Of Florestine Perrault Collins And Richard Samuel Roberts, Stephanie M. Woody-Groshelle Aug 2022

Southern African American Communities: The Portrait Photography Of Florestine Perrault Collins And Richard Samuel Roberts, Stephanie M. Woody-Groshelle

Theses

This thesis is about the portrait photographers, Florestine Perrault Collins (1895-1988) and Richard Samuel Roberts (1880-1936), and how their photographs portrayed “non-othering” representations of their sitters. Collin and Roberts’ works are compared to Southern white photographers from the Jim Crow era to argue for how “non-othering” portraits of their community members were produced. This impacts the way identity can be perceived. Religious and educational themed portraits are used to align a visually associated identity with social values the New Orleans Creole and Columbia, South Carolina communities had. This thesis considers Collins’ and Roberts’ portraits in relation to the state of …


A Method For Measuring Puffing And Respiratory Parameters Of Tobacco Users Within Their Natural Usage Environment, Shehan Jayasekera Jul 2022

A Method For Measuring Puffing And Respiratory Parameters Of Tobacco Users Within Their Natural Usage Environment, Shehan Jayasekera

Theses

Background: Although researchers have investigated the puffing behavior of tobacco products, no attempt has yet been made to observe both puffing and respiratory behaviors simultaneously in the natural use environment. Observation of puffing behavior alone is insufficient for predicting the health effects of tobacco use, as it can only be used to estimate the amount of emissions generated and transferred to the oral cavity. Respiration behavior must be observed for the estimation of delivery and retention of nicotine and other HPHCs in the lungs. Parameters that quantify respiratory behavior include inhalation and exhalation volumes, flow rates, and durations, as well …


Selfies And The Self: The Influence Of Instagram Posting On Self And Cognition, Giovanni Castillo Jul 2022

Selfies And The Self: The Influence Of Instagram Posting On Self And Cognition, Giovanni Castillo

Theses

Research on Social Networking Sites (SNS) has shown a variety of both beneficial and detrimental psychological and cognitive outcomes associated with high frequency usage. We conducted an online study consisting of a series of questionnaires and a working memory task to explore the relationship between Instagram use intensity and cognition. The present study first investigated the relationship between Instagram (IG) use intensity, rumination, and cognitive failures. We randomly assigned participants into a selfie-posting, selfie-sending, or likes/comments reporting condition to determine whether selfie-posting behavior affects working memory performance. While we did not find significant associations between IG use intensity, rumination, and …


Analysis Of Growth And Decay In Neutrally Stable Flows, Colin Huber Jul 2022

Analysis Of Growth And Decay In Neutrally Stable Flows, Colin Huber

Theses

The stability of linearized partial differential equations (PDEs) governing disturbance propagation in a one-dimensional medium, such as a perturbed fluid-fluid interface, is traditionally deduced by examining the growth of exponential modes of the form hk = Akei(kx−!t), where hk is a mode associated with the height of the perturbed interface, Ak is its amplitude, k is a real wave number, ! is a complex frequency, x is the spatial direction, and t is time. It is assumed that these modes may be superimposed to construct the solution, h, to any response, and thus, if any of these modes grow in …


Hexgen Roguevania, Conrad Garcia Jul 2022

Hexgen Roguevania, Conrad Garcia

Theses

This project is inspired by procedural generation methods, Metroid, Castlevania, Rogue, and modern roguelikes. This project is structured around the notion of how procedural game content can be experienced when it is tied directly to player progression. The focus of this project incorporates procedurally generated content so that it can be altered during gameplay. In a sense, this idea brings level content to the player, instead of the player travelling to new zones. The resulting game world starts visually coherent, changing into a world that resembles a patchwork of different biomes crafted by the player’s decisions to progress the game’s …


In Search Of The Pelasgians: Discursive Strategies And Greek Identities From The Archaic Period To The Roman Imperial Era, Tristn Lambright Jul 2022

In Search Of The Pelasgians: Discursive Strategies And Greek Identities From The Archaic Period To The Roman Imperial Era, Tristn Lambright

Theses

In ancient literature, the Pelasgians appear as an ambiguously defined and geographically ubiquitous primeval ethnic group or tribe. Various classical writers describe the Pelasgians as simultaneously pre-Hellenic and non-Hellenic –– ancestral and barbarian, chronologically earlier and essentially different. The ongoing ideological and rhetorical negotiations of Pelasgian identity in ancient literature played a critical role in discussions of Greekness –– discussions rooted in the distant past, informed by fluid and contradictory myths, and shaped by intellectual, social, and political transformations of the period. By contextualizing these discussions, this study attempts not simply a reconstruction of the mythological Pelasgians, but a reconstruction …


Distribution Of Carrion-Associated Beetles And Their Phoretic Mites Along An Urban-Rural Gradient In Northeast Alabama, Kennedy Norris Jul 2022

Distribution Of Carrion-Associated Beetles And Their Phoretic Mites Along An Urban-Rural Gradient In Northeast Alabama, Kennedy Norris

Theses

Global insect decline has been linked to urbanization, most notably by habitat fragmentation. These insects perform important ecological functions such as pollination, managing pests, and decomposing carrion to recycle nutrients back into the environment. Despite the importance of nutrient recycling behavior displayed by carrion-associated beetles, little research has been done on them in the southeastern US. Previous studies have found a relationship between urbanization, less favorable environmental conditions, carrion availability, and decreased insect diversity. However, no studies have been conducted in the southeastern United States on the relationship of these beetles to their environment despite having the highest rates of …


A Physiological Computing System To Improve Human-Robot Collaboration By Using Human Comfort Index, Celal Savur Jul 2022

A Physiological Computing System To Improve Human-Robot Collaboration By Using Human Comfort Index, Celal Savur

Theses

Fluent human-robot collaboration requires a robot teammate to understand, learn, and adapt to the human's psycho-physiological state. Such collaborations require a physiological computing system that monitors human biological signals during human-robot collaboration (HRC) to quantitatively estimate a human's level of comfort, which we have termed in this research as comfortability index (CI) and uncomfortability index (UnCI). We proposed a human comfort index estimation system (CIES) that uses biological signals and subjective metrics. Subjective metrics (surprise, anxiety, boredom, calmness, and comfortability) and physiological signals were collected during a human-robot collaboration experiment that varied the robot's behavior. The emotion circumplex model is …


Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Machine Learning, Meera Alemad Jul 2022

Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Machine Learning, Meera Alemad

Theses

The purpose of this project is to detect the fraudulent transactions made by credit cards by the use of machine learning techniques, to stop fraudsters from the unauthorized usage of customers’ accounts. The increase of credit card fraud is growing rapidly worldwide, which is the reason actions should be taken to stop fraudsters. Putting a limit for those actions would have a positive impact on the customers as their money would be recovered and retrieved back into their accounts and they won’t be charged for items or services that were not purchased by them which is the main goal of …


Critical Corridor: Survey Of Predator Occurrence And Habitat Use In A Threatened Rainforest Protected Area: Comatsa-Sud And Marojejy National Park, Madagascar, Patrick H. Ross Jun 2022

Critical Corridor: Survey Of Predator Occurrence And Habitat Use In A Threatened Rainforest Protected Area: Comatsa-Sud And Marojejy National Park, Madagascar, Patrick H. Ross

Theses

Madagascar is a nation praised for its floral and faunal endemism and biodiversity. Among the island nation’s most emblematic fauna are its native mammalian carnivores; they are members of the threatened and endemic Eupleridae family. The Corridor of Marojejy – Anjanaharibe Sud – Tsaratanana (COMATSA) is a system of forest protected areas in which three large protected areas are connected in northern Madagascar: Tsaratanana Reserve, Anjanaharibe Sud Special Reserve and Marojejy National Park which is also a UNESCO World Heritage site. COMATSA is a newly protected and currently threatened corridor system that lacks detailed surveys and assessments of its native …


A Study On Plant-Derived Small Proteins And Peptides With Antiyeast Activity And Preliminary Investigations In Food Materials, Giulia Mignone Jun 2022

A Study On Plant-Derived Small Proteins And Peptides With Antiyeast Activity And Preliminary Investigations In Food Materials, Giulia Mignone

Theses

The discovery of novel antimicrobial molecules would benefit considerably different biotechnological fields, including medicine, agriculture and the food industry, on which this thesis work focuses. Specifically, here are presented fundamental studies on plant-derived antimicrobial proteins for the reduction of food spoilage caused by yeast microorganisms. Small proteins and peptides from the plant innate immune system possess several characteristics which could make them ideal candidates for a novel and natural antispoilage agent. The first Chapter reviews proteins families associated with the plant innate immune system that exhibit antiyeast activity and low molecular weight (<30 kDa), focusing on their structure and antiyeast mode of action. Chapter 2 investigates two peptides, Pn-AMP1 and Pn-AMP2 belonging to the hevein-type peptides family; peptides were synthetically generated using their native amino acid sequence. Synthetic Pn-AMP1 showed fast action activity against common food spoilage yeasts, it resulted potentially safe for consumption, and it was successfully incorporated in UHT milk and Fanta Orange, where it contained the growth of Kluyveromyces lactis and Zygosaccharomyces bailii, respectively. A different family of antimicrobial plant proteins (2S albumins) was studied in Chapters 3, 4, 5 and 6. Chapter 3 describes the selective extraction of an antiyeast protein (labelled WMS1 in this thesis work) of ~14 kDa from white mustard (Brassica hirta) seeds. The protein was purified in a relatively high yield, using a simple protocol that included only one chromatographic method step. In Chapter 4, bioinformatics tools and wet-lab techniques are used to study the structure and classify the antiyeast protein. The WMS1 antiyeast protein was identified as an isoform of the Napin protein Allergen Sin a 1 belonging to the 2S albumins family, characterised by high structural stability which donates to the protein resistance heat treatment and proteolytic degradation. Chapter 5 describes the antimicrobial spectrum of WMS1 , its antiyeast mechanism of action and its validity as preservative agent. Although WMS1 resulted potentially safe for consumption and inhibited the growth of Z. bailii in several beverage systems, its biotechnological potential is limited by its allergic properties. In Chapter 6, the protein WMS1 was cloned in a pET28a-MBP vector and expressed in an E. coli BL21 system. Interestedly, recombinant WMS1 and native WMS1 showed similar activity against the yeast Z. bailii. Thesis abstract 2 Chapter 7 includes a protocol for the rational design of ultra-short antimicrobial peptides. Since ultra-short antimicrobial sequences can be found within the sequence of any larger protein, the protocol was applied using WMS1 primary sequence, and seven ultra-short SinA-AMPs were chemically generated. Among the various SinA-AMPs, the peptide labelled SinA-pepIII had in vitro activity against several common yeast spoilage strains via membrane permeabilisation and it could be employed as a food preservative as it was pH- and heat- stable, potentially safe in terms of human consumption and it prevented the growth of Z. bailii in cranberry juice. The results obtained in this work offer new perspectives in the research for novel and clean-label food preservatives to fight the food waste phenomenon.


Mos Compatible Deposited Materials For Optical Interconnects, Simone Iadanza Jun 2022

Mos Compatible Deposited Materials For Optical Interconnects, Simone Iadanza

Theses

The recent years' exponential growth of data transmission in datacom and telecom technology (such as in Wavelength Division Multiplexing - WDM) has highlighted the energy consumption challenges of electronics, shifting research and industry interest towards optical interconnects. Novel and more efficient integrated photonics is being given the objective to face the ever-increasing demand for speed and bandwidth. This has initiated, in both industrial and academic environments, a quest for low-power, compact and cost-effective optical interconnects that can be integrated on electronic boards of Datacentres and transceivers all over the world. In this thesis, different types of WDM compatible Hybrid External …


Analysis Of Global Banking Network, Sonali Kannan Jun 2022

Analysis Of Global Banking Network, Sonali Kannan

Theses

The outbreak of the Global Pandemic Covid-19 that spread terribly across various countries from the end of 2019, has severely altered people’s life and economy. Various reports across papers and news articles on how each government was managing the costs of vaccines, medical equipment, and necessities. The world saw shifts in stock markets, unemployment, the tourism industry completely coming to a standstill, and more. Has this Covid Pandemic which played a crucial role within geographical boundaries altered the financial transactions across countries on a higher level? With the help of the statistics available with the Bank of International Settlements, this …