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Articles 241 - 270 of 11514
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Metadata Extraction From Satellite Data Using Small Language Models, Ram Sharan Rimal
Metadata Extraction From Satellite Data Using Small Language Models, Ram Sharan Rimal
Theses
NASA’s GHG Center and VEDA platforms publish satellite Earth observation datasets through STAC catalogs. Publishing a new dataset requires a subject-matter expert to author the discovery configuration and catalog collection for the data, a task that takes three to five hours per dataset to complete. This work contributes a metadata curation pipeline that turns granules, the documentation, and usage examples into both files.Fields readable directly from the files, such as spatial and temporal extent, are extracted deterministically. Fields that require language understanding are sent to a locally hosted small language model. The small model infers the structure of the asset …
Cochlear Micropump Drug Delivery System: A Noninvasive Technique For Murine Intracochlear Drug Delivery, Janette Collins
Cochlear Micropump Drug Delivery System: A Noninvasive Technique For Murine Intracochlear Drug Delivery, Janette Collins
Theses
In a 2018 World Health Organization (WHO) study, over 400 million people worldwide were affected by hearing loss (World Health Organization, 2023). Cochlear implants have provided a conventional route to aid inner ear issues but are ineffective either delivering to unintended targets or delivering unknown concentrations of a particular drug and create toxicity to the user. With medical advances and using 3-D printing technology, new opportunities to use programmable drug delivery systems to treat auditory disorders have been created. Borkholder Labs in Rochester, NY have created and improved a miniaturized implantable and scalable peristaltic micropump that provides programmable and accurate …
Predicting Student Academic Performance Using Behavioural And Parental Engagement Data From Learning Management Systems, Saeed Alfalasi
Predicting Student Academic Performance Using Behavioural And Parental Engagement Data From Learning Management Systems, Saeed Alfalasi
Theses
This paper explores how behavioral, academic, and parental engagement data provided within the xAPI-Edu-Data dataset can be used to predict the academic performance of students when training on machine learning models with supervised learning. Due to the developing demands of the data-driven initial selection of the learners under risk, the study will create a valid and explainable predictive model that can consider the most significant factors of student success in Learning Management System (LMS). The research is based on behavioral engagement and self-regulation learning theories; the observations included in the analysis of student interaction, i.e. resource usage, classroom engagement and …
Statistical Optimization And Anfis Modeling Of Process And Heat Treatment Effects In Gmaw-Waam 316l Stainless Steel, Joel Sam John
Statistical Optimization And Anfis Modeling Of Process And Heat Treatment Effects In Gmaw-Waam 316l Stainless Steel, Joel Sam John
Theses
Additive manufacturing has evolved from the concept of merely rapid prototyping tools to that of a viable technology capable of manufacturing industrial grade parts and components. As a result, the use of metal additive manufacturing techniques has expanded in recent years, fueled by the rapid growth of manufacturing sectors amidst the 4.0 industrial revolution. Within the metal-AM domain, the concept of gas metal arc welding – wire arc additive manufacturing (GMAW-WAAM) has gained increasing traction due to its low operational costs, high deposition rates, and its ability for large scale manufacturing. The demand of stainless-steel parts has increased owing to …
Leveraging Open-Source Llms For Infrastructure Drift Detection And Correction, Kemoy S. Campbell
Leveraging Open-Source Llms For Infrastructure Drift Detection And Correction, Kemoy S. Campbell
Theses
Infrastructure as Code (IaC) enables organizations to provision and manage infrastructure at scale using version-controlled, declarative specifications. Despite these advantages, infrastructure drift where deployed resources diverge from their intended configuration remains a persistent operational challenge and is often addressed manually and reactively. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have accelerated their adoption within software engineering and DevOps workflows; however, the sensitive nature of IaC artifacts, particularly Terraform state files, has limited organizational willingness to rely on public LLM services for drift detection and remediation. This thesis investigates the feasibility of using open-source, self-hosted LLMs to assist with IaC drift …
Enhancing Json Schema Inference Via Semantic And Structural Modeling Of Heterogeneous Data, Justin R. Namba
Enhancing Json Schema Inference Via Semantic And Structural Modeling Of Heterogeneous Data, Justin R. Namba
Theses
Schema discovery is finding the structure of data. It helps users understand the meaning of data and write queries to manipulate it. This is typically easy for relational databases, but complex for non-relational (NoSQL) databases with documents. For relational databases, the schema is predefined because the data they contain is structured, but for NoSQL databases, data is usually unstructured or semi-structured. Here, we focus on a type of semi-structured data called JSON, which is a collection of documents that consists of nested key-value pairs. A JSON key and value are similar to a column name and its associated data instance …
Phytoremediation Potential Of Selected Plant Species (Ambrosia Artemisiifolia L. And Erigeron Canadensis L.) For Reducing Priority Heavy Metal And Metalloid (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) Contamination In Anthropogenically Impacted Soils Of Ukraine, Volodymyr Laptiev
Theses
Soil contamination with priority heavy metals and metalloids of anthropogenic origin represents one of the most pressing environmental challenges of the present day, directly associated with risks to public health, ecosystem degradation, and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly those of the World Health Organization and the United Nations aimed at ensuring a healthy environment, safe ecosystems, and sustainable land management. Under conditions of long-term technogenic pressure, compounded by the additional impact of military activities on the territory of Ukraine, the search for scientifically substantiated, environmentally safe, and economically feasible approaches to reducing soil contamination has become especially …
A Complex Systems Integration Analysis Approach, Tamia Neal
A Complex Systems Integration Analysis Approach, Tamia Neal
Theses
It has been said that if the building blocks of a system were designed and implemented correctly, then their subsequent integration would be straightforward. The complex systems integration analysis approach presented in this thesis provides the mechanisms to construct those blocks. A spectral clustering algorithm is used to cluster elements into modules, and the normalized integrative complexity metric is used to evaluate the portion of structural complexity that can be attributed to integrating a system from its modules. Together, the algorithm and metric identify which aggregates of system elements reduce the complexity of the integration effort. The proposed integration analysis …
Evaluating The Operational Performance Of Diverging Diamond Interchanges Under High Heavy Vehicle Traffic Using Synchro Traffic Simulation Software, Hannah Duke
Theses
Diverging Diamond Interchanges (DDIs) are increasingly used to improve traffic flow and safety, particularly where left-turn volumes are high. However, their operational performance under high heavy vehicle percentages has not yet been evaluated. This thesis investigates the impact of varying HV percentages and traffic volumes at a sample DDI location. Traffic simulation using Synchro software was used to model the DDI under scenarios with varying heavy vehicle percentages and varying volumes. This approach allowed evaluation of traffic growth and increasing heavy vehicle presence on DDI performance, capturing realistic operational conditions for freight-heavy corridors. Key performance measures included average control delay, …
Characterization Of Krypton Ion Sputtering Of Spacecraft Materials Using Electric Propulsion, Ethan Cummins
Characterization Of Krypton Ion Sputtering Of Spacecraft Materials Using Electric Propulsion, Ethan Cummins
Theses
In the field of electric propulsion (EP), xenon is the most commonly used gas for ionization. However, krypton has been identified as a potential substitute due to its high specific impulse and low cost compared to xenon. Therefore, there is a desire to understand the effects of using krypton. In EP, sputtering of spacecraft materials downstream of the ion engines have proven to be an issue during long duration missions. This research observes how krypton ions sputter a variety of spacecraft materials (anodized aluminum, glass, BN ceramic, and Kapton). The experiments in this study subject materials to different sputtering variables …
Average Heat Flux Measurements In A 25 Mm Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine, Yash Patel
Average Heat Flux Measurements In A 25 Mm Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine, Yash Patel
Theses
The average heat flux of a 25 mm rotating detonation rocket engines (RDREs) in an annular center body (CB) and a cylindrical center bodiless (CBL) configuration is measured using a water-based calorimeter. The heat flux sensitivity for both geometric configurations are explored as a function of mass flux (ψ) for a constant equivalence ratio = 1.25 using gaseous methane and oxygen. The average heat flux of the CBL geometry is on average 47% higher at each axial location than the CB geometry for a given ψ. The peak heat flux measured for the CBL chamber is 25.58 ± 0.58 MW/m² …
Spatially-Distributed Imu Array Navigation : Virtual Imu And Federated Approaches With Applications To Uncrewed Aerial Systems, Jackson Neese
Spatially-Distributed Imu Array Navigation : Virtual Imu And Federated Approaches With Applications To Uncrewed Aerial Systems, Jackson Neese
Theses
This thesis investigated lever arm effects on distributed inertial measurement unit (IMU) array navigation and evaluated the performance of multiple fusion architectures with applications to uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). The Kalman Filters comprise of three filters: a naive baseline, a filter tracking lever arm as a filter state, and a filter constraining lever arm state estimates around known values. These filters feed into a virtual IMU fusing raw measurements and a federated filter combining output states. Each are evaluated with equal, static, and dynamic weighting based on lever arm and sensor noise. Experiments on indoor and outdoor UAS datasets reveal …
Modelling Novel Planar Nozzle Geometries For A Z-Pinch Fusion Propulsion System, Stephanie Manasterski
Modelling Novel Planar Nozzle Geometries For A Z-Pinch Fusion Propulsion System, Stephanie Manasterski
Theses
Interplanetary travel using chemical or electrical propulsion faces two major obstacles: the long mission timelines and the health risks to human crews from prolonged radiation exposure. Fusion propulsion offers a potential solution through high specific impulse and moderate thrust values. Z-pinch fusion, a pulsed magneto-inertial fusion approach, is promising for propulsion as the plasma is confined through current-driven compression, eliminating the need for external confinement coils to achieve ignition conditions, and the confinement configuration is simple. A 3-dimensional model of a novel linear magnetic nozzle geometry was developed with the propellant, dissociated ammonia, oriented sideways in the nozzle, assuming prior …
System-Level Analysis And Experimental Testing Of A Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine With Water Electrolysis Propellants, Justin M. Byers
System-Level Analysis And Experimental Testing Of A Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine With Water Electrolysis Propellants, Justin M. Byers
Theses
This work explores the potential benefits and practical feasibility of a rotating detonation rocket engine (RDRE) spacecraft thruster using water electrolysis for propellant generation. Such a thruster can enable the use of liquid water as an easily storable and chemically inert propellant, as well as the volume and efficiency benefits associated with detonation combustion. A thermodynamic model is first developed to demonstrate the compounding advantages of both water electrolysis propellant generation and detonation combustion when compared to conventional isobaric combustion cycles. Comparisons are also drawn to alternative water-powered propulsion methods and the advantages of chemical propulsion are observed. The representative …
Predicting Undergraduate Fallout And Success, Ammar Ahmed Alzarooni
Predicting Undergraduate Fallout And Success, Ammar Ahmed Alzarooni
Theses
Universities need to uncover students who are likely to drop out early and do something about it. It should be easy to find and use this information. This thesis evaluated interpretable machine-learning models (MLMs) for predicting three final student outcomes including Dropout, Enrolled and Graduate, using solely demographic, administrative/financial and first-semester academic variables. Study employed publicly accessible Portuguese UCI student retention dataset (4,424 records) and incorporated end-of-Semester-1 feature window to prevent look-ahead leakage and align with actual advising cycles. We trained and compared models using stratified validation, explicit class-imbalance handling and decision-threshold optimization to make dropout detection most critical factor. …
Impact And Requirements Of Future Robots In The Urban Realm: Dubai Silicon Oasis Case Study, Abduljalil Abbasi
Impact And Requirements Of Future Robots In The Urban Realm: Dubai Silicon Oasis Case Study, Abduljalil Abbasi
Theses
Robots are moving from factories and warehouses into the streets, sidewalks, and shared public spaces of cities, and Dubai Silicon Oasis (DSO) is at the forefront of this shift in the Gulf region. Through the Talabat ‘talabot’ autonomous delivery pilot, DSO has demonstrated that sidewalk robots can operate reliably in a hot-climate, mixed-use urban district, but this operational success has outpaced the governance frameworks, spatial design standards, and long-range planning foundations needed to scale deployment safely, inclusively, and sustainably to 2035. This thesis addresses that gap by asking how DSO can design and govern the integration of robots into its …
Hexahive: Simulating Vulnerability Bounty Economies Through Game-Theoretic Models, Lucille Blain
Hexahive: Simulating Vulnerability Bounty Economies Through Game-Theoretic Models, Lucille Blain
Theses
Bug bounty programs encourage security researchers to responsibly disclose software vulnerabilities by offering financial rewards, recognition, and opportunities to build long-term relationships with organizations. However, vulnerability discovery also creates competing incentives. A researcher may report a vulnerability through an official program, exploit it for passive income, trade information with other actors, delay disclosure, or seek compensation through alternative markets. These decisions are shaped by the expected value of rewards, perceived fairness of company responses, reputation benefits, competition, and the risk of penalties. Because directly observing these choices in real-world bug bounty programs presents ethical, legal, and practical challenges, controlled environments …
Transformation Of Public Earth Datasets For 3d Narrative Visualization Of Disaster Events, Connor Bleisch
Transformation Of Public Earth Datasets For 3d Narrative Visualization Of Disaster Events, Connor Bleisch
Theses
Communicating large datasets in ways that are appealing to non-scientific audiences has been a recent focus of big data visualization. Interest has grown for using 3D environments with game-like structures and immersive technology like AR and VR since they are more engaging. We introduce a method, based on the structure of the datasets and domain knowledge of the natural phenomena, for transforming public National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth datasets into 3D narrative data visualizations, specifically of disaster events. Two visualizations were created using this method: one of the KNP Complex Wildfire in 2021 and one of Hurricane Beryl …
Application Of A Scale-Resolving Turbulence Model To Supersonic Retropropulsion Flows In Earth And Martian Atmospheres, Rebecca Thompson
Application Of A Scale-Resolving Turbulence Model To Supersonic Retropropulsion Flows In Earth And Martian Atmospheres, Rebecca Thompson
Theses
The Blended Partially-Averaged Navier-Stokes (BPANS) turbulence model was used to simulate complex turbulent compressible flows seen in supersonic retropropulsion (SRP). The model was incorporated in the OpenFOAM solver sonicFoam to investigate SRP flows in Earth and Martian atmospheres. The new sonicFoam with BPANS was first tested for subsonic flows using the shear flow benchmark case of flow around a cylinder. Results show good agreement of velocity profiles with experimental values. SonicFoam was then validated for compressible flows using an experimental SRP configuration. Pressure coefficient distribution along the forebody and aft body of the geometry show good agreement with experimental results. …
The Impact Of Stereotype Threat And Grit On The Experience Of Imposter Syndrome, Lindsey C. Davis
The Impact Of Stereotype Threat And Grit On The Experience Of Imposter Syndrome, Lindsey C. Davis
Theses
Imposter syndrome (IP) is a psychological phenomenon in which one has an internal experience of intellectual phoniness. Past researchers have found that overall females tend to report higher levels of IP than men, with Stereotype Threat (ST) being a cited explanation. A common denominator in much of the literature is how belongingness can activate ST in females. It has been found that individuals high in IP, especially females, tend to experience poor mental health outcomes. Past research has also established a link between IP and conscientiousness in females, a personality trait related to the facet of grit. The current study …
Nandworks : A Low-Cost Testbed For Interfacing Onfi-Compatible Nand Flash Memory Devices, Mark Scheidker
Nandworks : A Low-Cost Testbed For Interfacing Onfi-Compatible Nand Flash Memory Devices, Mark Scheidker
Theses
NAND flash memory is the basis for modern digital storage, but direct access to raw flash functionality remains difficult due to limitations in available interface tools. Industrial characterization systems can issue low-level commands but are prohibitively expensive for most researchers and students. USB-based bit-banging tools lack the timing fidelity needed for certain experiments. This thesis introduces NANDWorks, a testbed based on the Raspberry Pi 4 that provides direct access to ONFI-compatible NAND flash devices via GPIO bit-banging in Linux user space, building on prior work for the Terasic DE1-SoC platform. NANDWorks has a layered software stack that includes a hardware …
Observations Of Internal Boundary Layers And Near-Surface Wind Estimation During The Landfalls Of Hurricanes Ida (2021), Zeta (2020), And Laura (2020), Zebulon W. Leffler
Observations Of Internal Boundary Layers And Near-Surface Wind Estimation During The Landfalls Of Hurricanes Ida (2021), Zeta (2020), And Laura (2020), Zebulon W. Leffler
Theses
Accurately estimating near-surface winds during hurricane landfalls is crucial for enhancing situational awareness and facilitating post-storm recovery efforts. Previous studies have used coastal radar Velocity Azimuth Display (VAD) winds to estimate 10-m winds during hurricane landfalls; however, a notable weak bias was observed. This work demonstrates that the significant weak bias results from neglecting the wind structure within a shallow internal boundary layer (IBL). Results from an operational radar VAD analysis during the landfalls of Hurricanes Ida (2021) and Zeta (2020) indicate that leveraging the IBL winds is essential for accurate 10-m wind estimates during hurricane landfalls. Additionally, a theoretical …
Impact Of Oxidative Stress On Mapk Signaling In Human Pancreatic Ductal Cell Line, Alexis Fink
Impact Of Oxidative Stress On Mapk Signaling In Human Pancreatic Ductal Cell Line, Alexis Fink
Theses
The main processes linked to diabetes (type 1 or type 2) and obesity are impaired insulin production and glucose intolerance. The imbalance between antioxidant defense systems and oxygen-reactive species are known as oxidative stress. Understanding oxidative stress and its substantial effects on diabetes is crucial. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can activate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). We hypothesize that altered MAPK phosphorylation and hence downstream signaling is associated with changes in oxidative stress in the human pancreatic duct epithelial cell line (H6C7). While H6C7 cells are often engineered to be cancerous precursors, the natural phenotype of these cells and their expression …
Development And Validation Of An Automated Image-Based Framework For Bubble Size And Velocity Measurement In Centrifugal Nuclear Thermal Rocket Experiments, Olivia Williams
Theses
Accurate measurement of bubble size and rise velocity is essential for characterizing multiphase flow behavior in Centrifugal Nuclear Thermal Rocket (CNTR) experiments, where dynamic imaging conditions complicate traditional analysis methods. This thesis presents the development and validation of an automated image-based framework for extracting bubble equivalent diameter and rise velocity from high-speed experimental videos of injected gas bubbles rising through controlled liquid-filled volumes. Representative datasets include air bubbles injected into water and Sodium Polytungstate (SPT-3). The framework employs a staged analysis workflow with instance-level bubble segmentation using a Mask R-CNN model, secondary classification for detection verification, multi-object tracking, and velocity …
Modeling And Characterization Of Pond And Fresh Ash Leaching In Citric Acid, Christina Fleming
Modeling And Characterization Of Pond And Fresh Ash Leaching In Citric Acid, Christina Fleming
Theses
Resourcing rare earth elements (REEs) from coal ash offers the opportunity to recycle industrial waste and reduce national dependence on foreign suppliers. In this research, the leaching behaviors of pond and fresh ash were studied to evaluate their suitability for REE recovery. Concentrations of REEs in leachates were measured and compared to kinetic models from literature, and the ash was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to characterize the observed behaviors. The pond ash leachate exhibited lower REE concentrations with steady release patterns, likely due to the acid resistant, REE-bearing aluminosilicate glass phases. In contrast, the …
Experimental Characterization Of Gas-Injected Bubble Dynamics In Various Fluids And Injector Arrays For Centrifugal Nuclear Propulsion Applications, Julia Kondrat'yev
Experimental Characterization Of Gas-Injected Bubble Dynamics In Various Fluids And Injector Arrays For Centrifugal Nuclear Propulsion Applications, Julia Kondrat'yev
Theses
This study experimentally characterizes gas-injected bubble dynamics in analog fluids to establish baseline behavior for Centrifugal Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (CNTP) systems. Nitrogen was injected through mass flow ranges of 3.3E-05 to 9.6E-05 lbm/s through various injector arrays in a transparent tank apparatus using water or sodium polytungstate (SPT-3) to vary fluid properties. Four injector configuration cases were tested on a 4-in deep, clear-sided chamber at atmospheric surface pressure to examine the effects of fluid viscosity and density, circular injector diameter, injector location, and mass flow rate on bubble diameter, rise velocity, and plume structure. Bubble equivalent diameters, positions, and velocities …
Optical Turbulence Estimation From Numerical Weather Prediction Models: Methods And Error Analysis, Richard Minor
Optical Turbulence Estimation From Numerical Weather Prediction Models: Methods And Error Analysis, Richard Minor
Theses
Optical turbulence plays a critical role in electromagnetic wave propagation through the atmosphere, directly affecting imaging systems, wireless communications, and high-energy laser (HEL) performance. Realistic three-dimensional characterization of atmospheric turbulence is essential for understanding these impacts, particularly within the atmospheric surface layer, where turbulence is often strongest. The refractive index structure parameter, Cn2, is used to quantify optical turbulence. This thesis evaluates the capability of the High Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model to characterize surface layer Cn2. As the highest resolution and most frequently updated numerical weather prediction model covering the continental US, HRRR offers strong potential for operational HEL …
High Strain Rate Behavior Of Soft Polymeric Materials : Polymer-Bonded Explosive Simulants And Polyimide Aerogels, Benjamin Jeffrey Solomon
High Strain Rate Behavior Of Soft Polymeric Materials : Polymer-Bonded Explosive Simulants And Polyimide Aerogels, Benjamin Jeffrey Solomon
Theses
Soft polymeric materials exhibit strain sensitive behaviors and are used in various applications where dynamic loading conditions may be present, making understanding the responses at high rates vital to safe application. Investigation of the mechanical response of soft materials at high strain rates has proven challenging due to low forces, mismatching impedances, and longer times to obtain dynamic force equilibrium limiting the quality and accuracy of data acquisition. Two polymeric materials were evaluated in this study. The first is polymer-bonded explosive (PBX) 9501, which experiences dynamic loading during use as solid propellant and warhead explosive material. It is found that …
What Correctness And Faithfulness Cannot Tell You : Counterfactual Behavioral Diagnosis Of Rag Systems, Saif Raza Khan
What Correctness And Faithfulness Cannot Tell You : Counterfactual Behavioral Diagnosis Of Rag Systems, Saif Raza Khan
Theses
Correctness and faithfulness are standard metrics used for evaluating Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems, but they only describe the outcomes and do not surface the underlying behaviors behind them. The same scores can hide a number of underlying behaviors. They can hide whether a system relied on retrieval, answered from parametric knowledge, followed a near-miss context, missed the gold source or failed to use the retrieved evidence. The same scores can hide all of these. This thesis introduces a counterfactual behavioral evaluation framework that tests each query under five controlled context conditions and uses a gold-source coverage gate to identify whether …
Design And Characterization Of A Low-Power Bulk-Driven Two-Stage Ota In 65nm, 90nm, And 130nm Cmos Technologies For 0.4v-0.6v Biomedical Applications, Raihan Khan Akash
Design And Characterization Of A Low-Power Bulk-Driven Two-Stage Ota In 65nm, 90nm, And 130nm Cmos Technologies For 0.4v-0.6v Biomedical Applications, Raihan Khan Akash
Theses
Biomedical instrumentation requires low-power amplifiers to maximize battery life. Due to threshold voltage limitations, standard gate-driven operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) require higher supply voltages. To overcome this, a differential bulk-driven two-stage OTA is introduced for low-power applications. The proposed topology is implemented in 65nm, 90nm, and 130nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), with supply voltages ranging from 0.4V to 0.6V. Key metrics such as DC gain, gain-bandwidth product (GBWP), phase margin, common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), slew rate, power, and noise are measured. The analysis confirms the robustness of the low-power solution provided by the proposed topology.