Digital Commons Network^™

In Addition: A Supplement For Beginning Band Method Books, Darren Cordray

Theses

This project provides an in-depth look into system of instruction that is used in many beginning ba.11d classes in our society. First, tl1e \\'Ork. describes a fe\v of the isst1es that music education faces today, such as budget cuts, declining music literacy, and program changes in schools. Next, the work examines the literature based around the subject of beginning band methodology. This will include a look into new methods that can be used in begiiming band classes, an examination of the proper way to create sound on common band instruments, ways in which music reading skills and audiation skills are …

Audience Preference For Engagement With Online Museums, Xiang Chen

Theses

With the rapid development of science and technology, “digitization” as a new structure carrier of information codes has been widely used by more and more people. Contemporary museums are no longer confined to the traditional mode of exhibition, but now are able to employ a high degree of integration of conventional physical displays and digital technology. Through various channels, such as social media, website platforms, documentaries and movies, and related apps, museums enhance the interaction and experience of the audience. This research project surveyed Chinese and American college students about their engagement with museums and the effectiveness of digital technology …

Gait Generation For Damaged Hexapods Using Genetic Algorithm, Justin Kon

Theses

This paper discusses the design and implementation of a Genetic Algorithm for the generation of gaits compensating for system damage on the joint level of a hexapod system. The hexapod base used for this algorithm consists of six three degree of freedom legs on a rectangular body. The purpose of this algorithm is to generate a gait such that when N motors become inoperable, as detected by the robot’s internal software, the system is able to continue moving about its environment. While algorithms like this have been implemented before, the generated gaits are a sequence of discrete foot positions. This …

Aggregation As An Efficiency Driver In Bulk Heterojunction Devices Measured Through Mixed Squaraines In Ternary Blends, Soumya Gupta

Theses

While OPV offers great promise as a low-cost renewable energy source, the relatively low efficiency still challenges its commercialization potential. SQ dyes offer significant potential as a light-absorbing layer in OPV because of their high extinction coefficient, broad spectral absorption, and ease of tuning the chemical structure and packing motif. Devices incorporating SQ dyes, however, have shown low PCE. In this preliminary work, we seek to explore the relationship between low power conversion efficiency (PCE) of Squaraine (SQ) related Organic Photovoltaics (OPV) systems and the formation of aggregates with the help of mixed SQs in ternary blends. Four aniline based …

Exploration Of The Process Of Building Brand Equity As A Digital Painter, Andrew Lim

Theses

The mainstream debut of the World Wide Web in the 20th century has increased the use of branding from its simple origins of being a visual marker into a multi-faceted entity. Branding has evolved to become a multi-faceted effort that creates rational and emotional attributes and can foster interactions and develop and deepen relationships with customers (Rubinstein, 2002).

The boom of the Internet brought forth new inventions and software that affected many industries, particularly the arts. A new emergent form of art known as digital painting emerged where a drawing tablet, stylus and digital image rendering software such as Adobe …

Have Objects, Will Travel: Object-Based Outreach To Solstice Independent Living At Fairport, New York, Taylor Carpenter

Theses

This thesis details my process in designing and delivering a program, “The Evolution of the Erie Canal,” to residents of the Solstice Senior Living at Fairport, New York, utilizing objects from the Rochester Museum & Science Center’s teaching collection. Given the ever-increasing population of American adults aged 55 and older, it is more important than ever for museums to create engaging programs aimed at this sector of the population. The goal of this project was to create a meaningful object-based experience for participants through discussion and reminiscence. My sources include findings from similar projects, literature on working with adult audiences, …

All-Passive Composite Right/Left-Handed (Crlh) Antenna Array For Sum And Difference Patterns, Vu James Le

Theses

Monopulse tracker is a system that uses the sum and difference radiation patterns to track. If there is a target in the beam, the tracker receives an echo from it following each transmitted pulse. The target range or distance is readily determined by multiplying half the time delay between the transmitted and received pulses by the speed of light. Typically, the sum and difference patterns are obtained by adding and subtracting individual beam patterns electronically or using RF components, such as: hybrid junctions, directional couplers. However, RF components are frequency dependent. Once they are used to realize the sum pattern …

An Assessment Of Media Consumers’ Ability To Distinguish The Level Of Post-Processing In Journalistic Images, Emily Shriver

Theses

Photojournalists are held to a high degree of ethics because of the importance and impact of their work. To address this, several professional photojournalist organizations and publishers have created guidelines on how to appropriately post-process an image. Today the average media consumer is exposed to a diverse news landscape, and there is a tendency for consumers to trust photojournalistic images as being representative of the truth (Farid, 2006). This research considers to what extent can the average media consumer distinguish between ethically and unethically post-processed images.

This study aimed to discover how well people can distinguish between three categories of …

Assessing The Status Of Autonomous Vehicles Innovation Using Patent Data, Mamy Traore

Theses

The transportation industry is undergoing an unprecedented revolution as researchers in the field expect the adoption of autonomous vehicles (AV) in a not-too-distant future. Even though there is no fully automated vehicle on the road currently, several features of driver’s assistance (e.g., lane departure warning, rear cameras, blind-spot warning) are integrated into most of the recent vehicles. It is therefore fundamental for industry leaders and policymakers to comprehend the state-of-the-art of AV innovation. The main purpose of this study is to assess the current status of AV innovations in the U.S. market. My analysis, based on more than 2,000 patents …

Conceptions Of Refactoring: An Investigation Of Stack Overflow Posts, Steven David Simmons

Theses

Refactoring is a common activity in software development. Developers make changes in the code in order to achieve a desired effect such as better performance, conformance to new business rules, or the removal of code anti-patterns such as code smells. However, refactoring operations often fail to achieve the results that are expected of them. There have been many studies conducted to assess their impact and effectiveness in different scenarios, but they have not returned consistent results. At times, studies have even shown decreasing and increasing in code quality from the same operation.

This study investigated whether a common set of …

Led Selection For Spectral (Multispectral) Imaging, Jenibel N. Paray

Theses

Research was performed to design an LED-based spectral imaging system having channels, commonly referred to as a multispectral imaging system. The first part tackled the evaluation of a camera model in predicting the signals of a 10 LED LEDmotive Technologies Spectra Tunelab coupled with a Finger Lakes Instrumentation panchromatic camera. The camera model was shown to be valid and effective in predicting the camera signal taking into account the color transformation noise. The second part involved the computational selection of 10 LEDs in order to determine the optimum combination for a custom Spectra Tunelab. The computational selection used the spectral …

Exploring English Teacher Beliefs And Actual Practice Of The Use Of Interactive Reading Strategies In Kindergarten Classes In Al Ain’S Schools, Saleha Saleh Al Harthi

Theses

This study aimed to investigate the beliefs of the kindergarten teachers in the UAE Ministry of Education on the assigned teaching and assessment reading strategies and to explore the implementation in teaching and assessment in Al Ain KG Literacy focus sessions. A questionnaire on teacher beliefs was distributed to 231 teachers in 26 Al Ain kindergartens and the convenience sample was conducted for this instrument. A random sample of 17 English teachers employed at 4 of the kindergartens was then observed for their implementation of reading strategies in the classroom. The participants were all from Al Ain city with at …

Institutions As The Main Determinant Of Economic Development: With A Focus On Economic Freedom Index As Proxies, Aizat Yasmin

Theses

This paper hopes to serve as a primer, firstly for this Author, regarding the concept of Institutional Economics; a foundation and an enabling environment, which allows economics to function and to be free. Firstly, we focus on the topic of institutions within the scope of economic development, and ask the simple question, “Why some countries are poor, and why some countries are rich?” In terms of set up, this paper is guided by Dani Rodrik & Arvind Subramanian’s 2003 article, “The Primacy of Institutions (and what this does and does not mean).” I looked at how institutions, market openness and …

Sustainable Hope: An Analysis Of The Rhetorical Process Of The Forward Through Ferguson Commission Report, Nicole Ramer

Theses

This project focuses on the Forward through Ferguson Report, a commission report written by appointed commissioners after the protests of the death of Michael Brown in Ferguson, MO. While the first chapter of my thesis focuses on the report itself and commission reports as a genre, the second chapter analyzes the most recent report, the State of Police Reform, from an ecological lens. Throughout the project, I kept returning to the question Susan Wells posed in a recent interview with Composition Forum, revisiting one she first asked in her oft-cited 1996 essay: what do we want from public rhetoric …

Telling And Testimony, Sam Filby

Theses

A central question in the epistemology of testimony concerns whether a

speaker’s testimony should count as a reason for a hearer to believe the

content of the speaker’s assertion. Proponents of the interpersonal view of

testimony (IVTs) contend that it is the interpersonal relationship between

speaker and hearer that provides the hearer with a reason to believe what

the speaker says. In contrast, critics of IVTs argue that the interpersonal

relationship between speaker and hearer is epistemically superfluous. Call

this the superfluity objection to IVTs. In the following paper, I defend

an IVT against the superfluity objection. I argue that …

Probability Of Naturalism And Metanormative Realism, Curtis Howd

Theses

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution can be mobilized to provide epistemological challenges to metanormative realism. It is argued that, since natural selection selects for behaviors adequate for survival and fecundity, our psychologies must be shaped by this same process. A-type challenges point to the improbability of the vast number of true normative beliefs given that they evolved to track survival and fecundity, not truth. B-type debunking arguments point to the improbability of the hypothesis that evolution would track truth given that there are a multitude of defeaters for this hypothesis. I will argue that both a-type and b-type arguments fail to …

The Effect Upon State Crime Rates Of The Legalization Of Recreational Marijuana In California, Robert Boxerman

Theses

This work examines criminal effects of the legalization of recreational marijuana in the state of California in 2016. While multiple states have legalized marijuana for recreational purposes, there is little empirical evidence to determine the criminal effect, if any, of introducing marijuana products into the legal market. The research analyzes crime rates pre and post legalization. Crime rates from the years 1990-2018 are taken from the California Attorney General Office “Crime in California” annual report, and consist of FBI Part I offenses: murder and non-negligent homicide, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, motor vehicle theft, larceny-theft, and arson. Misdemeanor drug arrests, …

An Analysis Of Happiness Meter Data Through Data Mining Tools And Sentiment Classification, Maitha Ahmed Hussain Alblooshi

Theses

Customer satisfaction in the organization's services can play a crucial role in reforming their business strategy for better productivity. Some organizations measure their customer satisfaction through the percentage of happiness rate, some through non-systematic surveys, and some through direct interviews with their customers. Customers’ feedbacks can be gathered in two formats; structured data (numeric ratings) and unstructured data (comments). Being able to have a comprehensive measure of the quality of government services by considering those two formats makes it a big challenge to make useful insights from data for customers and decision-makers. The work in this paper analyzes customers' votes …

Attitude Control For Circumnavigating The Sun With Diffractive Solar Sails, Amber Dubill

Theses

A solar sail making use of the physics of diffracted light enables the transfer of optical to mechanical momentum for in-space propulsion. In this thesis we describe advantages of diffractive solar sailing for trajectory and attitude control. In particular, a high inclination angle heliophysics mission is examined. A simple roll maneuver of a diffractive sail is described to attain an inclination angle of 60º. A comparison of idealized diffractive and reflective sails for a five-year solar polar orbiter mission, showing higher inclination angles and a smaller orbital radius for the former is performed. As a result, a constellation of diffractive …

The Fourth Wall, Serenity Dougherty

Theses

“The Fourth Wall” is the beginning of a fiction novel set in the comedy scene in Lincoln, NE during the #MeToo movement. The story follows a young female comedian in the scene, Kara, from the perspectives of several significant people in her life. Though the novel never inhabits Kara’s perspective directly, it seeks to give readers an intimate look at the difficulty she faces as she tries to navigate the male-dominated world of stand-up comedy during a time when the community is being forced to confront its troubling history of sweeping reports of sexual violence under the rug.

Anti-Normative Women And Queer Space In Early Modern Drama, Chelsea Brooks

Theses

The most interesting oddity about the Early Modern English stage is the overwhelming presence of the female form despite the obvious lack of female performers. Male actors performed female characters and sometimes those female characters were subversive and tested the boundaries of their constructed heteronormative society. A common comedic trope followed the crossdressed crossgendered heroine, or the boy actor dressed as women dressed as a man. This trope appears in the plays discussed in this thesis: Thomas Heywood’s Fair Maid of the West, Part 1 and John Lyly’s Gallathea. By adapting Michel de Certeau’s concept of space, wherein space …

The Effectiveness Of Covert Vs. Overt Brand Visibility In Video Advertising, Mingyue Zhang

Theses

This research is a mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) and semi-structured (survey and interview) study on the effectiveness of covert vs. overt commercials towards the influence of the brand attitude and purchase intention of consumers. Covert commercials are video advertisements that present the promoted brand and sponsor unclearly, and make its marketing nature hard to recognize at first sight. Overt commercials are video advertisements that present the promoted brand and sponsor clearly, and disclose its sponsor and marketing nature expressively. The survey and interview are designed to measure participants’ responses to four commercials, either covert or overt, with regards to the …

Race Differences In Youths’ Attitudes Towards Arming Teachers: Investigating The Role Of Procedural Justice, Faraneh Shamserad

Theses

Over the course of the last two decades, anxiety over school shootings has continued to influence school safety reform. Due to prominent news coverage and growing fear over school shootings, school securitization in American public schools has expanded to include the arming of schoolteachers. While supporters advocate for the need to arm schoolteachers, little is known about the level of support the policy receives from the very people it is intended to protect - students. Although research examining students’ perceptions of school security is scant, existing research suggests that target-hardening measures may be counterproductive and that there are racial differences …

Up-Regulation Of Sexual Desire In Long-Term Relationships: Self-Report And Electrophysiological Data, Lauri L. Davis

Theses

Diminished sexual desire is a common in long-term relationships yet little research has examined strategies to promote sexual desire within healthy intact couples. This study focused on three regulation strategies: 1) positive reappraisal of the partner, 2) reappraisal of sexual desire decline, and 3) sexual imagery. These regulation strategies were used to test for an increase in sexual desire, infatuation, attachment, and relationship satisfaction for the partner. We additionally examined whether these strategies increased motivated attention to the partner as indicated by the late positive potential (LPP), an event-related potential (ERP) component. Participants (N=25, age=18-32 yrs, 6 men) …

Automated Brain Segmentation Methods For Clinical Quality Mri And Ct Images, Viraj Reddy Adduru

Theses

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with brain tissue loss. Accurate estimation of this loss is critical for the diagnosis, prognosis, and tracking the progression of AD. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) are widely used imaging modalities that help to in vivo map brain tissue distributions. As manual image segmentations are tedious and time-consuming, automated segmentation methods are increasingly applied to head MRI and head CT images to estimate brain tissue volumes. However, existing automated methods can be applied only to images that have high spatial resolution and their accuracy on heterogeneous …

Different Exercise Tendencies Modulate Behavioral And Molecular Changes To Opioid Or Exercise-Induced Reward, Amanda Titus

Theses

Reward changes were observed in rodents with different exercise tendencies by utilizing the conditioned place preference paradigm. Adult male Wistar rats with distinct phenotypes (low volume runners, high volume runners, and wild-type) were given access to a running wheel or an injection of morphine as a rewarding stimulus. There was no difference observed in the strength of conditioned place preference between the rewarding stimuli. Extinction was significantly more effective in low volume runners than high volume runners and wild-type animals, as was observed in the lower percentage of time spent in their assigned conditioning chamber. These findings suggest that low …

Transcriptomic Analysis And Developmental Neural Transcript Identification In The Brittle Star Ophioplocus Esmarki, Alexandria Shumway

Theses

Ophioplocus esmarki is one species within a family of brittle stars that includes an abbreviated mode of development with a non-feeding, vitellaria larva. This development contrasts with the ancestral mode that produces a feeding, ophiopluteus larva. This project aims to complete functional annotation of the O. esmarki transcriptome, to provide a comparison of gene classification in both the vitellaria and juvenile stages of development, and to identify developmental neural transcripts through ortholog searches, and verify their identify through phylogenetic analysis. During my undergraduate research, Illumina sequencing was performed at the University of Rochester Genomics Center. The samples underwent RNA isolation, …

Speculative Fashion: A Spacesuit For Life Outside Earth, Lauren Miyoko Furushima

Theses

When Earth is no longer able to house living creatures, humans will need a new environment to inhabit. Space tourism companies are already looking toward building civilizations in outer space. In accordance, humans will need space wear that is able to support their bodies for long periods of time, therefore supporting life outside of Earth. NASA’s white spacesuits protect astronauts but are hard to move in and costly to manufacture. As designers, it is vital to envision different solutions for spacesuits because it will soon become our normal clothing. The importance of designing for future space travel for everyone may …

Shared Kitchen Design For Rental Spaces And Frequent Moving Populations, Qian Liu

Theses

With the frequency of population migration and moving increasing across the world, more people are living in shared rental places. It’s been reported that 17.2 % of people in China move across cities annually and about 15% of the population moves in the US and Korea annually (UNFPA, Statistics Korea, 2019).

With high residential mobility, connections and social networks are constantly cut off (Wang, 2019). In the long-term, people who move frequently become less committed or tied to their surroundings; they invest less effort on interaction and preservation or their environment behaviors. It has been reported that water and waste …

Crafting Adversarial Examples Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Rayan Mosli

Theses

Machine learning models have been found to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks that apply small perturbations to input samples to get them misclassified. Attacks that search for and apply the perturbations are performed in both white-box and black-box settings, depending on the information available to the attacker about the target. For black-box attacks, the attacker can only query the target with specially crafted inputs and observing the outputs returned by the model. These outputs are used to guide the perturbations and create adversarial examples that are then misclassified.

Current black-box attacks on API-based malware classifiers rely solely on feature insertion …