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Articles 901 - 930 of 10591
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Impact Of The 2018 Camp Fire On Land-Atmosphere Interactions, Andrew C. Blackford
The Impact Of The 2018 Camp Fire On Land-Atmosphere Interactions, Andrew C. Blackford
Theses
Research on the effects of wildfire-induced changes in land use and land cover (LULC) on atmospheric processes is limited. This thesis presents a thorough analysis using satellite remote sensing and numerical modeling to examine how land-atmosphere interactions have been altered by the burn scar from the 2018 Camp Fire event in California. Satellite data reveals significant changes in surface characteristics affecting land-atmosphere interactions, such as land cover type, vegetation fraction (-0.12), albedo (+0.01), daytime temperature (+2.5 K), and roughness length (>-90%). Numerical modeling, based on satellite-derived LULC change scenarios, indicates notable shifts in net radiation (-0.2 MJ m-2), sensible …
Small Molecule Modulation Of The P75 Neurotrophin Receptor Attenuates Neurodegeneration In An In Vitro Model Of Parkinson’S Disease, Poshan Pokharel
Small Molecule Modulation Of The P75 Neurotrophin Receptor Attenuates Neurodegeneration In An In Vitro Model Of Parkinson’S Disease, Poshan Pokharel
Theses
The p75 Neurotrophin Receptor (p75NTR) is a multifunctional transmembrane protein expressed in distinct regions of the adult nervous system. p75NTR regulates various functions, including neuronal survival or apoptosis interacting with coreceptors Trk receptors or sortilin. Activation of p75NTR occurs through proteolytic processing, and we previously demonstrated that oxidative stress induces activation of p75NTR in LUHMES cells, a neuronal cell line derived from the human ventral mesencephalon. Dopaminergic neurons of the ventral mesencephalon are vulnerable to oxidative stress and neurodegeneration associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Thus, we evaluated the mechanisms behind p75NTR activation and its physiological implications in a PD model. …
Functionalizing Silicon Oxide Like Surfaces With Fatty Acids, Maman Sani Maman Brah Maman
Functionalizing Silicon Oxide Like Surfaces With Fatty Acids, Maman Sani Maman Brah Maman
Theses
The goal of this project was to make flat hydrophilic, silicon oxide-like surfaces hydrophobic. Using fatty acids in a wet chemistry approach. Glass, mica, and silicon wafer surfaces were cleaned with standard methods from the literature. The substrates were functionalized with oleic acid and stearic acid in ethyl alcohol. The solution concentration was held constant at 100 times a theoretical minimum concentration. The substrates were immersed at various functionalization times and various solution temperatures. Contact angle goniometer was used to measure the contact angle for water on the functionalized surfaces. The results confirmed that glass and oxidized silicon wafer surfaces …
The Effectiveness Of Online Video-Based Training Methods, Chloe L. Wood
The Effectiveness Of Online Video-Based Training Methods, Chloe L. Wood
Theses
Employee training is considered critical for organization success legitimacy. The present study investigated the effects of four different online training methods on post- test recall. Student participants from UAH viewed one of four types of videos covering diversity, equity, and inclusion concepts--generative scenarios in which participants generated a label for what the scenarios covered, descriptive scenarios that included a label, a control with scenarios, and a control with no scenarios. Scenarios involved school-based and work-based examples to assess how the relevance of context for student non-workers versus student-workers impacted recall. A repeated measures ANOVA revealed that across all four conditions …
Reduction Of Cognitive Load In Immersive Virtual Reality With Multisensory Cues, Daniel Wilson
Reduction Of Cognitive Load In Immersive Virtual Reality With Multisensory Cues, Daniel Wilson
Theses
This study investigated the effects of multimodal interfaces and immersive virtual environments on cognitive load. Participants played a first-person target shooting game with either a virtual reality headset or on a monitor, using visual, auditory-visual, and a haptic-visual interfaces. Performance and self-reported data about cognitive load and spatial presence were collected for each interface. The study found that both immersive environments and multimodal interfaces reduced cognitive load. Additionally, an interaction was seen such that multimodal interfaces were more effective at reducing cognitive load in immersive environments. These findings indicate that the addition of more modalities into interfaces, especially in highly …
Quasi-Static And Dynamic Tension Testing Of As-Built And Heat-Treated Additively Manufactured 316l Stainless Steel, Terrell Elias Marler
Quasi-Static And Dynamic Tension Testing Of As-Built And Heat-Treated Additively Manufactured 316l Stainless Steel, Terrell Elias Marler
Theses
Additive manufacturing (AM) has several advantages over conventional subtractive manufacturing techniques, including the ability to create parts of highly complex geometries in one process thus reducing time and cost for each part. However, AM parts show different mechanical behavior compared to wrought parts due to the differences in the manufacturing processes. In particular, lack-of-fusion defects, voids, and keyhole defects can act as crack initiation sites leading to the possibility of more brittle behavior. This may be exacerbated by high rate loads, which tends to induce more brittle behavior, higher flow stress, and higher yield stress in materials. Therefore, it is …
Spectral Deconvolution Using Machine Learning For Determining Material Compositions In Mixed Samples, Prakash Chaudhary
Spectral Deconvolution Using Machine Learning For Determining Material Compositions In Mixed Samples, Prakash Chaudhary
Theses
Hyperspectral unmixing is essential in determining material compositions in mixed samples with a larger number of endmembers, but achieving precise decom- position remains challenging due to the limited work done, the presence of spectral variability, and endmember complexities. This study proposes many machine learning methods and techniques to identify the material composition in mixed samples (composites). Other methods to solve this problem mainly focus on a very small number of endmembers; our approach works with many end members, improving the model’s robustness. The proposed methods effectively tackle spectral variability, high dimensionality, and the presence of similar endmembers by integrating a …
Clearscan : A Machine Learning System For Customized, Site-Specific Radar Image Filters, Erick Jones
Clearscan : A Machine Learning System For Customized, Site-Specific Radar Image Filters, Erick Jones
Theses
In the field of radar meteorology, a perpetual problem is removal of so-called anomalous propagation (AP), i.e. non-precipitation echoes, from the produced images. Much work has been done in this area already, including conventional heuristic algorithms as well as machine-learning systems such as neural networks. Often the focus is on certain familiar radar architectures such as WSR-88D, also known as NEXRAD. However, a large number of radars exist which are not identical to NEXRAD; and there are also environmental differences such as RF interference which can affect the success rate of existing AP removal strategies. The focus of this paper …
Potential Mechanisms Maintaining A Conspicuous Polymorphism In Eastern Mosquitofish (Gambusia Holbrooki), Katelyn Giltner
Potential Mechanisms Maintaining A Conspicuous Polymorphism In Eastern Mosquitofish (Gambusia Holbrooki), Katelyn Giltner
Theses
Genetic variation often precedes adaptation, so the mechanisms that maintain this variation are a central topic in evolutionary biology. Gambusia holbrooki, or eastern mosquitofish, possesses a rare polymorphism for melanistic coloration. Melanics and typical silver males were examined for differences in behavioral and physiological traits that may impact the persistence of the melanism trait. No differences in standard metabolic rate were found via closed-chamber respirometry, but a detour task indicated that melanic males possess greater cognitive flexibility. Effects of the social environment on stress and reproductive traits were also evaluated by pairing males and comparing cortisol levels and sperm quality …
Aerodynamic Losses Of Additively Manufactured Blades In Transonic Conditions With Different Surface Treatments, Chase Allen Herrin
Aerodynamic Losses Of Additively Manufactured Blades In Transonic Conditions With Different Surface Treatments, Chase Allen Herrin
Theses
Additive manufacturing (AM) allows the production of high strength and high temperature alloys to increase the operational temperature of turbines and other engine components. AM inherently has high surface texturing, inclusive of waviness due to the layering effect in the laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process, and roughness due to surface defects such as partially sintered powder, deep notches, and micro-cracks. This thesis investigates how different surface treatments affect the surface static pressure variations and wake aerodynamic loss characteristics for each blade. A supersonic transonic blow down wind tunnel with a linear cascade test section is used to acquire this …
Goes-16 Glm Optical Energy In The Inner Core Of Hurricane Ian During Two Rapid Intensification Periods, Kiahna Mollette
Goes-16 Glm Optical Energy In The Inner Core Of Hurricane Ian During Two Rapid Intensification Periods, Kiahna Mollette
Theses
Tropical cyclone (TC) rapid intensification (RI) is difficult to forecast but is a crucial element of TC forecasts and impacts. How lightning evolves prior to and during RI is of interest to better understanding TC RI. Results have not found a consensus in the flash rates within the inner core of rapidly intensifying TCs, indicating that there is not an understanding of these processes. Using the optical energy, measured by satellite imagery, the lightning behavior is investigated during Hurricane Ian's two RI periods, the first with almost no lightning and the second with nearly constant lightning. Radar measurements indicate that …
Assessing The Mesoscale Variability And Rapid Tornadogenesis In The High-Shear/Low-Cape, Surging Qlcs In Northern Alabama On 01 April 2023, Joshua L. Huggins
Assessing The Mesoscale Variability And Rapid Tornadogenesis In The High-Shear/Low-Cape, Surging Qlcs In Northern Alabama On 01 April 2023, Joshua L. Huggins
Theses
On 01 April 2023, a severe QLCS impacted Northern Alabama during the PERiLS field campaign under High-Shear/Low-CAPE (HSLC) conditions, with CAPE below 1000 J/kg and 0-6 km wind shear exceeding 25 m/s. This study examines the mesoscale variability and tornadogenesis within the QLCS. Ceilometer and Radar Wind Profiler data indicated lowering cloud bases and shifts in the boundary layer winds. Surface analyses revealed a cold pool strength of -9◦C at the tornadogenesis location, with significant spatial variability. Storm Relative Helicity values decreased from nearly 900 to 350 m2/s2 by 0800 UTC. A lightning jump around 0756 UTC coincided with a …
Development Of A High Speed Differential Temperature Sensor For In Situ Estimations Of Cn2 In The Planetary Boundary Layer, Michael C. Yurovchak
Development Of A High Speed Differential Temperature Sensor For In Situ Estimations Of Cn2 In The Planetary Boundary Layer, Michael C. Yurovchak
Theses
The propagation of electromagnetic energy through the Earth’s atmosphere is significantly modulated by spatial variability of the refractive index structure function (Cn2). In situ estimates of vertical profiles of Cn2 in the boundary layer are critical for evaluating model predictions and ground-based remote sensing retrievals of Cn2. This thesis describes the development of a sensor system that produces high frequency measurements of differential temperature between two points in space separated by a distance of 0.3m using two 5 𝜇𝑚 diameter platinum resistance temperature sensors with 10-4K resolution. The platinum wire sensors are connected to two legs of a Wheatstone Bridge …
Grating Lobe Suppression Techniques In Sparse Linear And Planar Phased Array Antennas With Reconfigurable Phasor Elements, William M. Current
Grating Lobe Suppression Techniques In Sparse Linear And Planar Phased Array Antennas With Reconfigurable Phasor Elements, William M. Current
Theses
With the continual increase in the need for wireless communications, there comes a desire to decrease fabrication costs. One of the primary drivers for the cost of an antenna array is the actual number of antennas used. This number, however, can only be decreased so far for a fixed aperture area without causing undesired secondary main beams, grating lobes, to appear in the radiation pattern. This work aims to analyze the results of two methods for reducing these grating lobes in sparse, scanning phased array antennas. Both of these methods are based upon dual-mode antenna elements, as opposed to single-mode …
Physiological Effects Of Facial Expressions During Cognitive And Social Stress, Emily X. Sorrells
Physiological Effects Of Facial Expressions During Cognitive And Social Stress, Emily X. Sorrells
Theses
This study explored the dynamics of facial expressions during stress. This 2 X 2 (Facial Expression by Task) mixed design evaluated how smiling and grimacing affected physiological and self-report measures of cognitive and social stress. The study implemented continuous monitoring of electrodermal activity (EDA). Facial expression was manipulated between-subjects as a genuine smile or grimace using chopsticks in the mouth. Task was manipulated as a counterbalanced within-subjects as a cognitive stressor using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT) and a social stressor using Cyberball. Time was analyzed as repeated measures of change from baseline of EDA. Participants provided ratings …
Characterization Of Thin-Walled W-24re Structures Fabricated Using Laser-Powder Bed Fusion, Madelyne Rushing
Characterization Of Thin-Walled W-24re Structures Fabricated Using Laser-Powder Bed Fusion, Madelyne Rushing
Theses
W-24Re is a refractory alloy used in high temperature applications due to its high melting point, recrystallization temperature, and tensile strength. Due to the high melting point, fabrication is more commonly achieved through powder metallurgy processing, which relies on diffusion. As the material is available as a powder, it is a good candidate for laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) processing. This study focuses on characterization of L-PBF of W-24Re thin-walled structures to determine the feasibility and primary failure mechanisms under tension compared to that of bulk W-24Re. A laser parameter set was developed, and samples were provided by Quadrus Corporation for …
Differential Expression Analysis Of Treatment Resistant And Treatment Susceptible Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Paired With Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, Kinzie Bailey
Theses
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the bacterium which causes gonorrhea, is a public health threat as recognized by the CDC due to the risk of untreatable gonorrhea due to the high prevalence of resistance to antibiotics in the gonococcal population [1]. Current screening methods for resistance to antibiotics for clinical infections may take up to 2 days to produce results, which could result in delays in treatment, unnecessary follow-up appointments, inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions, and overall poor treatment outcomes [2]. In this study, we utilize RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to characterize the expression patterns of resistant and susceptible strains of N. gonorrhoeae. Here, we look …
Machine Learning, Fuzzy Logic And Zero Trust-Based Quishing Prevention Solution For Android Smartphones, Felix William
Machine Learning, Fuzzy Logic And Zero Trust-Based Quishing Prevention Solution For Android Smartphones, Felix William
Theses
QR code phishing, or "quishing," exploits the widespread adoption of QR codes to embed malicious URLs that lead users to phishing sites or initiate malware downloads. Unlike traditional phishing methods, QR phishing is uniquely deceptive, leveraging the inherent trust and convenience associated with QR codes while bypassing standard detection mechanisms. This thesis presents the SEQR scanner, a novel solution tailored to detect and prevent QR phishing attacks, specifically focusing on Android platforms. By integrating multiple detection mechanisms—machine learning prediction, fuzzy logic algorithm, and third-party blacklisting APIs—the solution effectively identifies malicious QR codes with precision. A zero-trust-based mechanism is implemented alongside …
Machine Learning Framework For Detecting Ldap Injection Attacks, Rahul Nair
Machine Learning Framework For Detecting Ldap Injection Attacks, Rahul Nair
Theses
LDAP injection attacks have posed a growing danger to web application security, utilizing directory service vulnerabilities to obtain unauthorized access or tamper with sensitive information in recent times. In this thesis, a comprehensive method is developed for detecting and preventing LDAP injection attacks by utilizing a role-based access control approach to generate a unique dataset. Various categories and variations of LDAP queries that mimic real attack situations, as well as legitimate benign queries representing typical LDAP operations, are included in the dataset to further classify them based on user roles. Four different machine learning algorithms, including XGBoost, Logistic Regression, Support …
Florescence, Evan D. Jaccodine
Florescence, Evan D. Jaccodine
Theses
Florescence is a photographic project that provokes conversation between mediums, methods, and attitudes in art and design. Starting as grainy, screened Risograph prints mounted into custom wood frames, the uniformity of mechanical reproduction is distorted by handmade craft elements. The images examine the materiality of making as part of the message they produce; they are both eclectic handmade objects and mass-produced products. These pictures intend to communicate an idea like an advertisement, except the message, meaning, or intention isn’t clear. I am interested in the moment when the viewer comes close enough to the image to see the prints' poor …
Predictive Modeling In Healthcare, Ibrahim Essa Abdulla Ali Alattar
Predictive Modeling In Healthcare, Ibrahim Essa Abdulla Ali Alattar
Theses
Predictive modelling, especially the use of horizontal lines, has become an important tool in clinical practice to help make informed decisions and accurate predictions. This study focuses on the use of horizontal regression in clinical practice, evaluating its effectiveness in revealing patterns and improving the accuracy of predictions. This study introduces the process of developing a linear model, emphasizing the importance of preliminary data analysis, feature selection, and model evaluation. To make sure your model's predictions are accurate, consider key assumptions such as sampling, independence, and homoscedasticity. The main goal is to provide doctors with the knowledge and skills needed …
Emergence Of Preferential Flow Paths And Intermittent Dynamics In Emulsion Transport In Porous Media, Michael Izaguirre
Emergence Of Preferential Flow Paths And Intermittent Dynamics In Emulsion Transport In Porous Media, Michael Izaguirre
Theses
This dissertation aims to study the underlying physics of anomalous transport of emulsions in porous media and quantify the role of droplet-pore and droplet-droplet interactions in transport in porous media experimentally. The complexities of this problem arise from the network heterogeneity, correlations between the pores across the medium, interfacial properties of the fluids, and the correlations between the pore scale dynamics and system-level transport. This dissertation presents significant advancements in the study of emulsion dynamics within two-dimensional porous media through the development of innovative image analysis and tracking methods. These advancements include precise detection and tracking of deformable objects, which …
Optical Differentiation Wavefront Sensor With Pixelated Filters Toward High Performance Metrology, Biswa R. Swain
Optical Differentiation Wavefront Sensor With Pixelated Filters Toward High Performance Metrology, Biswa R. Swain
Theses
Freeform optics enables enhanced system performance and packaging due to the high degrees of design freedom they provide, but characterizing these optics remains challenging. Phase measurement of an optical wave is essential in the metrology of optical components, adaptive optics, and laser beam quality assessment. The Shack-Hartman Wavefront Sensors are limited by their dynamic range and resolution due to lenslet operation. Interferometric-method-based adaptive nulling requires high-performance wavefront sensor, and coordinate-scanning-based measurements are time consuming. We investigate and develop an Optical Differentiation Wavefront Sensor (ODWS) based on binary pixelated filter that enables high dynamic range, high resolution freeform metrology. Analysis of …
Identifying Functional And Potential Therapeutic Sites In Reverse Transcriptase Using Comparative Short-Term Molecular Dynamics, Richmond Asare-Bediako
Identifying Functional And Potential Therapeutic Sites In Reverse Transcriptase Using Comparative Short-Term Molecular Dynamics, Richmond Asare-Bediako
Theses
Drug escapes due to mutations in the HIV-1 virus genome have been a global menace over the last few decades. A major focus in dealing with this issue has revolved around taking advantage of the structural view of the virus to investigate how these mutations affect target drugs. The role of comparative molecular dynamics (MD), which provides valuable insights on motions involved in the functional interactions and dynamic fluctuations of the atoms in the amino acid residues on the protein chains. Although less explored than structural analyses of drug-target interactions, this study provides substantial and critical information needed to fully …
Incorporating Point Of Care Ultrasound In Cardiac Arrest And Pulseless Electrical Activity, Zayneb H. Ghazle
Incorporating Point Of Care Ultrasound In Cardiac Arrest And Pulseless Electrical Activity, Zayneb H. Ghazle
Theses
For decades, cardiac arrests have had a high mortality and morbidity rate despite medical interventions. Statistically, shockable rhythms (ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia) have had a better prognosis than non-shockable rhythms, which includes pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and asystole1. The reversible mechanical causes of PEA and the role of point-of-care cardiac ultrasound (POCUS) in their diagnosis and management will be discussed. This paper also focuses on the appearance and interpretation of these sonographic findings in order to guide clinicians in their medical management, goal of returning spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and estimating patient prognosis.
Characterization Of Curing Kinetics Of An Anisotropic Conductive Adhesive Using Rheology And Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Connor Kirkpatrick
Characterization Of Curing Kinetics Of An Anisotropic Conductive Adhesive Using Rheology And Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Connor Kirkpatrick
Theses
A kinetic study performed to further the understanding of a novel magnetically aligned anisotropic conductive adhesive (ACA) was performed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and a rheometer, under both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Isothermal data was collected at 70, 80, and 90°C, whereas non-isothermal data was collected at 5, 10, 20, and 30°C/min, with results interpreted through the use of an autocatalytic model. For isothermal experiments, the rate of conversion was found to increase with increasing isothermal curing temperature, and this was reflected in the kinetic rate constant. Moreover, the rate constant determined by DSC was found to range from …
Machine Learning Based Solutions For Detecting Social Media Spam And Phishing Incidents, Ahmed Al Shehhi
Machine Learning Based Solutions For Detecting Social Media Spam And Phishing Incidents, Ahmed Al Shehhi
Theses
The growing digital interactions across various social media platforms increases the risks of phishing schemes and spam messages that compromise personal and organisational security. This thesis tackles such threats with the aid of machine learning and natural processing techniques that are utilized for detecting malicious communications with high accuracy. A total of three datasets were used in this study, two for phishing and one for spam. The research aims to explore the performance of classification models, including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayes, and Linear Discriminant Analysis, as well as a hybrid model combining Logistic Regression and Naïve Bayes. …
Integration Of Blockchain And Cryptographic Techniques For Location Based Services, Rashed Al Shamali
Integration Of Blockchain And Cryptographic Techniques For Location Based Services, Rashed Al Shamali
Theses
As digital systems continue to evolve in complexity, protecting user identities and ensuring the secure transmission of data has become paramount. Conventional techniques such as passwords and digital signatures are often insufficient to address modern security threats unless paired with more sophisticated technologies. This thesis proposes a framework that integrates Blockchain Technology with Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) to fortify identity verification protocols and enhance location-obscuring methods. Blockchain’s inherent features of decentralization, immutability, and non-repudiation makes it an ideal platform for secure data exchange. When combined with ECC, which provides robust encryption with smaller key sizes, the system achieves a heightened …
Gen-Acceleration: Pioneering Work For Hardware Accelerator Generation Using Large Language Models, Durga Lakshmi Venkata Deepak Vungarala
Gen-Acceleration: Pioneering Work For Hardware Accelerator Generation Using Large Language Models, Durga Lakshmi Venkata Deepak Vungarala
Theses
Optimizing computational power is critical in the age of data-intensive applications and Artificial Intelligence (AI)/Machine Learning (ML). While facing challenging bottlenecks, conventional Von-Neumann architecture with implementing such huge tasks looks seemingly impossible. Hardware Accelerators are critical in efficiently deploying these technologies and have been vastly explored in edge devices. This study explores a state-of-the-art hardware accelerator; Gemmini is studied; we leveraged the open-sourced tool. Furthermore, we developed a Hardware Accelerator in the study we compared with the Non-Von-Neumann architecture. Gemmini is renowned for efficient matrix multiplication, but configuring it for specific tasks requires manual effort and expertise. We propose implementing …
Photomechanical Properties Of Azobenzene Doped Lcn Films For Surface Healing Applications, Daniel Luis Mojica
Photomechanical Properties Of Azobenzene Doped Lcn Films For Surface Healing Applications, Daniel Luis Mojica
Theses
Azobenzene doped liquid crystal network (LCN) polymers are being well studied for their potential in many applications such as light activated organic actuators, memory materials, and as surfaces capable of complex topographical texture changes. A novel application is explored with azobenzene doped LCN materials being used as a self-healing protective polymer layer capable of healing surface compression damage which alters its original topography. Preliminary studies showed that LCN materials are very capable of healing indentations caused by compression damage. This work delves into understanding how this material can be altered in the manufacturing process to improve its surface healing capabilities. …