Digital Commons Network^™

Performance Evaluation In Terms Of Congestion And Flow Control Of Interconnected Token Ring Local Area Networks, Muhammad Salim Raza

Theses

In an interconnected network, if user demands are allowed to exceed the system capacity, unpleasant congestion effects occur which rapidly neutralize the delay and efficiency advantages. Congestion can be eliminated by using an appropriate set of traffic monitoring and control procedures called flow control procedures. This thesis first investigates the major technical concepts underlying the token-ring technology; performance and flow control issues and then gives an approximate analytical solution in terms of mean end-toned delay in a system of token-ring local area network interconnected through bridges. The analytical solution is based on an approximation of the mean end-to-end delay in …

Design For Assembly : Re-Design Of An Electrical Switch For The Ease Of Automatic Assembly, Achyuta Reddy Pannala

Theses

A design for assembly (DFA) method is used to analyze the existing design of parts of an electrical switch, and to reduce and re-design them, for the ease of automatic assembly. The procedure for the selection of suitable and economical assembly method is presented based on the Boothroyd & Dewhurst methods. Analysis of the initial design for manual assembly and the re-design for automatic assembly are presented. An algorithmic approach for simplified generation of all mechanical assembly sequences and selecting the good assembly sequences is presented with graphical representations. A work station needed for the automatic assembly is developed, which …

Image Enhancement And Analysis Of Leukocyte Adhesion, Yee-Ruh Lin

Theses

The image of leukocyte adhesion to microvascular walls in the isolated rat perfused heart model has been observed and processed. Some of the fluorescent labeled leukocytes are barely visible due to microscope focal plane and the motion of objects. The purpose of this thesis is to extract leukocyte from the image of the experimental data using image enhancement and analysis (segmentation) techniques and develop a program to handle automatically counting of leukocytes in a predefined scene.

Effect Of Shrinkage On The Design And Manufacture Of Plastic Parts In Injection Molding Using Cad/Cam Techniques, Deepak M. Shastri

Theses

Computer aided design software in injection molding has revolutionized injection molding in the design and manufacturing processes. Computer Aided Engineering can be applied to injection molding to increase the process efficiency, reduce part costs, and produce accurate parts in less time. The mold designer has many software programs to choose from to produce satisfactory mold designs from part geometries, and a correct selection can produce profitable results. A study of the need for and the scope of computers in injection molding is performed to evaluate the suitability of a CAE package by considering the value added to the parts using …

Design For Manufacturability, Kocherlakota Sreedhar

Theses

Design for Manufacturability represents a new awareness of the importance of design as the first manufacturing step. It recognizes that a company cannot meet all its objectives with isolated design and manufacturing operations. The Design for Manufacturability approach embodies certain underlying imperatives that help maintain communication between all components of the Manufacturing and Design system and permit flexibility to adopt and to modify design during each stage of the product realization. Design for Manufacturability cannot be bought or sold and it should be implemented by management. Complete support of management to the implementation is very important to the success of …

Burn Wound Healing Evaluation By Infrared Imaging, Shang-Yuan Chen

Theses

Infrared imaging is a pictorial method of temperature representation. Its advantage in the treatment of burns is that it is a non-invasive, safe and reliable method for estimating the area, temperature and depth of burns. An Imaging Burn program was developed for comparing changes in burn area in response to treatment with time. The program proved itself capable of determining the surface area of simulated lesions on the skin of human volunteers to within an error of 1.6 percent. The size and temperature of burn lesions in patients was recorded. First degree burns were warmer than surrounding areas of normal …

Design For Manufacturability : Re-Design Of Pencil Sharpener For The Ease Of Assembly, Amit R. Rathod

Theses

A Design For Manufacturability (DFM) approach is used to analyze the existing design of a pencil sharpener, and to reduce and re-design the parts of pencil sharpener for the ease of assembly. The procedure for the selection of a suitable and economical assembly method is based on the Boothroyd and Dewhurst methods. Analysis of the initial design for manual assembly and re-design for automatic as well as manual assembly is presented. An algorithmic approach for simplified generation of all mechanical assembly sequences and selection of the assembly sequences is presented using De Fazio and Whitney approach.

The Application Of Adaptive Step-Size Control In The Numerical Simulation Of Calcium Release In Vascular Smooth Muscle, Michael John Sydor

Theses

An algorithm for the adaptive control of numerical integration step-size is developed and implemented for the simulation of a three compartment model for Vascular Smooth Muscle. The three compartment model accounts for the simultaneous diffusion of Ca, ⁴⁵Ca, EGTA, Ca-EGTA, and ⁴⁵Ca-EGTA, and is an extension of a two compartment model by Diecke for the simultaneous diffusion of Ca, EGTA, and Ca-EGTA. The addition of the third compartment is to account for the presence of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum which stores the calcium needed for contraction and is the primary regulator of calcium in the VSM cell. The SR …

Liquid-Vapor Equilibria And Henry's Law Constants For Volatile Organics In Surfactants, Qianping Peng

Theses

We present liquid vapor equilibria data and Henry's law constants for Methyl-ethyl Ketone, Toluene, Butyl Acetate, Acetone and i-Propanol in surfactants: Octylphenyl Decaethoxylate, Sorbitan Monooleate and Sodium Sulfonate at temperatures of 20 to 70 C.

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of applying surfactant absorption technique (neat surfactants) to volatile organic compounds (VOC's) for the removal of these species as organic vapors from air emission streams.

Liquid/vapor equilibrium data are presented as curves in several different ways:

i. Each individual VOC at four temperatures between 22 C to 70 C in the respective surfactants Octylpenyl Decaethoxylate, …

Charcoal Catalyzed Ozone Decomposition Of Organic Pollutants In Water, Kin Ho

Theses

A laboratory study has been performed on the wastewater treatment (destruction of organic species in water) using a novel process called Integrated Adsorption-Oxidation (IAO) where activated carbon is being utilized as a catalyst-adsorbent, and ozone as oxidant. The results of ozonation alone on the pollutants in water are also reported to provide a comparison with the adsorption-oxidation scheme in semi-batch reactions. All experiments were conducted at room temperature in a semi-batch reactor using five (water soluble) representative chemicals as pollutants: Aniline, Acetamide, Pyridine, N,N-dimethyl formamide and O-cresol. We also studied two volatile compounds: Trichloroethylene and Chloroform. Phenol was studied in …

Catalytic Oxidation Of Chlorinated Compounds Over Pdo/Al2o3 On A Monolith, Tai-Chiang Yu

Theses

The catalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene(TCE) and dichloromethane (DCM) was investigated over a catalyst containing 4% PdO on Al₂O₃ washcoat and on a cordierite monolith with 400 channels per in². Reactivity and selectivity of the catalyst for the destruction of 200 ppm C₂HCl₃ and 500 ppm CH₂Cl₂ in air was evaluated over the temperature range 250 to 550 °C. This research was conducted in a tubular reactor system at space velocities of 4,000 to 24,000 v/v/hr. It was found that complete oxidation occurs at 500°C for DCM and 550°C for …

Analysis Of The Influence Of Natural Wear And Tear In Gates And Runners On The Filling Of A Balanced Multi-Cavity Injection Mold, Ranga Reddy V. Adavelly

Theses

Design of injection molds is outmost important in the manufacture of parts. Its components runners and gates significantly influence the mold filling. Using a simulation package for injection molding a balanced multi-cavity mold was designed. Wear in the gates of runner was simulated by varying the cross-sectional area of the components. Influence of wear of tear in gates of runners on mold filling was measured in terms of flow rate of time of fill. Detailed analysis is done on four different models using four different materials Polycarbonate, Polypropylene, Nylon6 and Polybutylene terephthalate. Graphical display of result is presented and analyzed …

The Design And Testing Of A Personal Computer Controlled Scanning Acoustic Microscope For Orthopaedic Surgical Applications, Hubert Heinrich Berndt

Theses

This thesis describes scanning acoustic microscopy and ultrasonic image processing to characterize and evaluate materials of known properties, as well as novel materials. This work describes the assembly and testing of a PC based device for nondestructive evaluation of bone materials for usage in orthopaedics research. It includes the identification of some hardware problems and their solution, and it also describes different image processing techniques that have been developed and applied in this work. In a growing number of disciplines it has been discovered that an acoustic microscope can provide new information, especially about the elastic properties of specimens and …

Development Of An Adaptive Fuzzy Shell Clustering Algorithm And Validity Measures, Kurra Bhaswan

Theses

In objective functional based fuzzy clustering algorithms the weighted sum of the distances of the feature vectors from cluster prototype are minimized. The fuzzy memberships are utilized as weighing factors. The cluster prototype can be a point or a line or a plane, etc. This work extends the recent concept of using curved prototypes by utilizing the Adaptive Norm Theorem proposed by Dave¹ to develop an algorithm for the detection of fuzzy hyper-ellipsoidal shell prototypes. The Objective functional associates a norm for each cluster in which to measure the proximity of the shell prototype adaptively. The resulting implementation necessitates …

Electroretinogram Modeling : Parameter Identification And Intensity-Response Function Fits, Juan J. Castro

Theses

Electroretinography testing provides many useful techniques for clinical diagnosis of the visual system. However, the interpretation of the electroretinogram data involves a great amount of subjectivity. The use of mathematical models and parameter estimation techniques to fit the electroretinogram data supply a non-subjective and more standard way for analysis of the electroretinogram data. Mathematical models provide a way of summarizing the information enclosed in the raw electroretinogram response into a small set of parameters that define the response.

This thesis presents a mathematical model for the electroretinogram response due to light stimuli. It also provides a non-subjective method for obtaining …

A Process For Implementing Cim In A Small Manufacturing Facility, Tushar R. Desai

Theses

This work is dedicated to small manufacturing enterprises seeking to explore Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) technology, which is the recent trend in the manufacturing world. The main theme of this thesis is to improve productivity, product quality and reliability, and to reduce costs by integrating various discipline in small manufacturing environment, using computer technology.

To achieve this goal, a hypothetical small manufacturing company was chosen as a subject. The typical functional and organizational structures were analyzed and possible problem areas were highlighted. The problems relating to manufacturing process were studied in detail, and possible solutions were proposed to computerize the …

Modification Of Wear Testing Methodology, Muhammed Farooq

Theses

In this work the existing computer controlled methodology has been modified A loading and unloading mechanism has been designed, manufactured and assembled. A specimen fixture has been designed and installed. Alloy steel specimens with different surface treatment were tested on the modified wear testing machine. Operational surface roughness was measured in all stages of running-in, steady state and catastrophic wear. The difference between technological and operational surface roughness was observed. The results show that the surface treatment by Plasma Ion-Nitriding with Magnetic treatment increases wear resistance. It was found that the coated material which had been magnetically treated with a …

Rule-Based Module And Object-Oriented Design For Optical Character Recognition, Min Gao

Theses

In this thesis, I present a optical character recognition technique based on the rule-based module and object-oriented design. A document image is first scanned, and then segmented into isolated characters by the use of projection profiles. The recognition procedures include three steps: contour extraction, strokes detection and rule-based classification. The contour extraction is to extract the outbound boundary and to perform the boundary linking and noise removal. The stroke detection is to detect the features or strokes of the outbound boundary, such as horizontal/vertical lines, left/right slash lines and left-/right-opened curves. The rule-based classification consists of two rules: character definition …

Application Of Non-Imaging Optical Inspection To The Detection Of Pinhole Defects In Latex Condoms, Paul Micha Gelencser

Theses

An optical technique was demonstrated for the detection of pinhole defects in latex condoms. To evaluate the optical inspection concept, a prototype inspection apparatus was constructed. In order to maximize contrast between pinhole transmitted signal and optical signal transmitted through the latex condom material, ultraviolet (u.v.) light of wavelength 253nm has been used. This inspection was performed during rotation of the condom, with the light source inside the condom and the photomultiplier photodetector outside. The form on which the condoms were mounted was made of quartz in order to allow the u.v. light to be transmitted through it.

Background signal …

Automatic Infrared And Visual Inspection Of Solder Joints On Pcbs, Jiang Huang

Theses

This thesis reports the research results of automatic inspection of solder joints on printed circuit boards (PCBs). The previous work on this regard has been advanced significantly in the following three aspects. With the application of some microlens and the principle of geometric optics solder joints of real size are inspected in this work instead of larger simulation solder joints in the previous work. A new set of features is formulated and used for infrared inspection. Consequently, better results have been achieved in this work.

Reasonably good results demonstrate the capability of infrared inspection of solder joints on PCBs. Once …

Computer Graphic Simulation Of Sweeping Of Solid Objects, Jr-Jyun Jang

Theses

This thesis is on the computer graphic simulation of the swept volume of a solid object undergoing Euclidean motions (including translation and rotation). The study helps visualize different types of Euclidean motions and supports the previously developed swept volume theories by providing graphic realism.Included in the thesis presentation are the following :

1. Description of Euclidean motions of polyhedral objects, using ruled surfaces to represent swept volumes.
2. Representation of sweeping of solid objects, -using parametric cubic equation and sweep differential equation.
3. Simulation of motions of PUMA and IBM robots.
4. Wire-frame and shaded image displays of swept volumes.

Equity And Job Perception, Asha Krishnan

Theses

This thesis examined the concept of equity and the importance of its perceptions on the job. A survey was conducted at New Jersey Institute of Technology. The sample consisted of 150 employees from 27 different departments. The employees were split into three status groups - Non-Professional Staff, Professional Staff and Faculty.

The questionnaire used in the survey was adopted from Carrell and Dittrich's "Organizational Fairness Scale", (1976). The questions probed seven dimensions of the job which were work pace, distribution of tasks, pay level, pay rules, latitude, rule administration, and pay administration.

The seven job dimensions were treated as dependent …

Expert System For Blown Film Extrusion, Jiachyi Li

Theses

Expert systems and blown film extrusion are two subjects to deal with in this thesis. Expert systems are an aspect of artificial intelligence, or a computer's ability to think. The determination of a suitable expert system for particular problem is an important factor in current societies. Blown film is extruded as a continuous tube which is air cooled, collapsed, and wound onto a roll as a double layer of film. Such film, if heat sealed and perforated, makes a roll of bags. There are many factors that affect blown film extrusion. Therefore, using expert system to evaluate blown film extrusion …

Application Of Expert System For Control Of Heating Distribution Network : A Case Study, Jun Li

Theses

The use of an expert system for the heating distribution network is an application of artificial intelligence to the domain of energy engineering.

The development of an expert system for a heating distribution network is explained. The expert system is implemented through the software Kee. The expert system is used to monitor the heating distribution network, and to complement some functions of the controls such as balancing the system pressure, stabilizing output, in addition to fault diagnosis, system process simulation. It serves also as a medium to system moniting, and operator training. Many other functions will be developed on the …

A Comparative Study Of Image Coding Techniques : Filter Banks Vs. Discrete Cosine Transform, Hosam Fawzi Mutlag

Theses

Subband coding of still image frames using Binomial PR-QMF has been presented in this thesis. Simulation results have shown that the performance of subband coding using a low complexity coder is practically the same as the performance of the industry standard (8 x 8) DCT based image coder.

A low bit rate adaptive video coding technique is also introduced in this thesis. The redundancy within adjacent video frames is exploited by motion compensated interframe prediction. The Motion Compensated Frame Difference (MCFD) signals are filtered by employing Binomial PR-QMF structure into four subbands. Then, the subbands are quantized using an efficient …

Automated Determination Of Air Content In Hardened Concrete, Anita R. Navalurkar

Theses

An automated system was developed for the microscopic determination of air content and the related parameters in hardened concrete using the principles of Image Analysis and Computer Technology. Slices taken from the concrete specimen were viewed through a microscope with 40X magnification. The magnified image of the concrete slice is digitized by an Image Analyzing Software. Methodologies were developed for analysis of the digitized image and determination of air content and the required parameters. The automated system included a motorized positioner which translated microscope stage in a frame by frame sequence so that the whole image is digitized. Several tests …

Evaluation Of Cracking Mechanism In Fiber Reinforced Concrete Subjected To Impulsive Loading, Rajendra K. Navalurkar

Theses

This thesis presents an experimental evaluation of J-Integral for plain and fiber reinforced concrete subjected to impact loading. A computer assisted instrumented Charpy test system was employed in applying the impact loads. Twenty two three point bend specimens with two different notch lengths were tested under impact velocity of 43.29 in/sec. Development and testing of a new fiber optic sensor, for the determination of internal Crack Tip Opening Displacements (CTOD) in concrete is described.

Evaluation of J_IC values from experimental results of this study indicate that J_IC can be characterized as a material constant. The Dynamic value of …

Influence Of Fly Ash Characteristics On Compressive Strength Of Mortar, Poorna Rajeswari Ratnaweera

Theses

Fly ash-cement mortar, constituting of fly ash, cement and sand, vary in strength characteristics from conventional cement sand mortar. Out of many parameters effecting the compressive strength characteristics of fly ash-cement mortar, four were investigated in this study. They are particle size and its distribution, weathering of fly ash, moisture content & water/cementitious ratio and mix proportioning.

Class F fly ashes from three different sources were used in this study. The particle size distribution and moisture content of fly ashes were investigated by standard ASTM methods. The unconfined compressive strength of mortar was obtained by testing 2"x2"x2" test cubes conforming …

Analysis And Implementation Of A Navigation System Using Vanishing Points In A Generalized Environment, Rolf Schuster

Theses

The development of accurate sensors is of crucial importance in navigation of mobile autonomous robots. The following master's thesis analyzes the use of vanishing points for robot navigation. Parallel lines in the environment of the robot are used to compute vanishing points which serve as a reference for guiding a robot. To accomplish the navigation tasks, three subtasks are to be performed: detection of straight lines, computation of vanishing points, and robot navigation with vanishing points.

An edge detection algorithm is presented that combines Sobel and Laplacian of Gaussian operators. The algorithm preserves the precision of the Laplacian of Gaussian …

Interfacing Plasticating Extruders With Personal Computers For Data Acquisition, Information Analysis And Retrieval Purposes, Gautamkumar Y. Shah

Theses

The current manufacturing industries are influenced more and more by computers and automation. Two of the major areas of computer uses are data acquisition and interfacing, both lead towards automation.

The intent of this thesis is to focus on the area of interfacing personal computers with plasticating extruders for information retrieval and storage. The requirements for software and hardware are discussed. Analysis of the stored information can be used to improve the quality of the final product. Implications of the stored parameters on the final product are also discussed. A sample program to store and retrieve the important parameters is …